CN201266388Y - High integration embedded graphics display drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a highly integrated embedded graphic display driving device which is characterized by comprising a central processing unit, a north bridge chip, a display processing chip and a communication interface; the central processing unit is electrically connected with the north bridge chip, the north bridge chip is electrically connected with an external device by the communication interface, the input end of the display processing chip is connected with the north bridge chip, and the output end thereof is connected with an external graphic display device. The highly integrated embedded graphic display driving device can well play the display performance thereof by not relying on a motherboard or having low requirements on the performance of the motherboard.

Description

High integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce

Technical field

The utility model belongs to graphic presentation and field of computer technology, relates to a kind of high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce.

Background technology

The 21 century modern war has entered digital Age.Military affairs, aviation, various fields such as carrier-borne all need fast, show clearly three-dimensional graphics images.The develop rapidly of making rapid progress along with graphic process unit at present can realize that various functions such as three-dimensional picture processing and special effect processing are more and more stronger, various high-end three-dimensional picture display control devices therefore occurred.But high-end graphic process unit is also had higher requirement to other parts of system simultaneously, often requires to have high performance mainboard to support its optimum performance of competence exertion,

At present, all develop the OpenGL three-dimensional picture under the Vxworks both at home and abroad and shown the control system, at the beginning of 2005, successfully develop PMC embedded image card PMC_704/PMC_706 as DY4 company (back is by CURTISS WRIGHT corporate buyout) abroad based on the M9 of ATI company Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), SBS Co., Ltd. successfully develops PMC embedded image card G2Basis/G2Dual/G2plus based on M9 in September, 2005, Peritek company (back is by CURTISS WRIGHT corporate buyout) also successfully develops PMC image card AtlasPMC1/AtlasPMC2 based on the M9 VPU in January, 2006.

But all need high performance its maximum performance of mainboard support competence exertion in the matured product now both at home and abroad.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, a kind of high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce is provided, this device do not need the high performance motherboard support promptly possess can clear demonstration three-dimensional picture function.

The utility model is to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted to be:

A kind of high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce is characterized in that, comprises central processing unit, north bridge chips, display process chip and communication interface; Described central processing unit is electrically connected with north bridge chips, and described north bridge chips is electrically connected with external unit by communication interface, the input termination north bridge chips of described display process chip, the graphic display device of its output termination outside.

Described central processing unit is MPC7448, and described north bridge chips is MV64460, and described display process chip is ATI M9; Described north bridge chips is connected by the MPX bus with central processing unit; Described communication interface is RS232 and 10/100M Ethernet interface; Described north bridge chips is electrically connected with the display process chip by pci bus; Described display process chip outputting VGA or PAL (VGA: Video Graphics Array; PAL: Phase Alternate Line) vision signal is to outside graphic display device.

Described north bridge chips is by PMC interface (english abbreviation: PCI Mezznine Card.Chinese: pci interface card, PMC are the external a kind of forms of expression of pci bus, our PCI of seeing usually just, and the form of expression on mainboard all is the sort of wiping slot type, and at the golden finger that takes the form of of various cards.Essence is all the same) communicate by letter with outside main system.

Described central processing unit, north bridge chips, display process chip and be used for combining by vxworks operating system in logic with communication interface.

Also comprise FLASH flash memory and DDR internal memory, described north bridge chips is electrically connected with FLASH flash memory and DDR internal memory.

The beneficial effects of the utility model have:

This device is the graphics device of the high integration developed based on high-performance processor MPC7448 dexterously, because of not needing the high performance motherboard support, it does not promptly possess the function of the clear demonstration three-dimensional picture of energy, and carry electric board and external interface, can work alone, also can cooperate main system work by the PMC interface as subsystem.Can be widely used in the industrial monitoring scene, and big, high to reliability, real-time, the stability requirement of the signal various Embedded Application occasions of data volume such as airborne, vehicle-mounted, carrier-borne.The difference of this high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce and general display card is that it is one and has the embedded display card of CPU specifically, and running on the plate during work has vxworks operating system.CPU is by operating system management system resource, (drawing a width of cloth Three-dimensional Numeric Map at display as requiring native system) system can pass through the PMC interface after receiving extraneous message, perhaps network interface is come in the message pick-up of this Three-dimensional Numeric Map, leaves internal memory in.These information video cards can't directly go to show, therefore need CPU that it is reorganized, with standard OpenGL function these information interpretations are become the accessible information of display process chip M9, by north bridge chips these information are passed to the M9 chip then, the M9 chip again with these signal storage in the video memory of oneself, and display it.General common video card all needs could use in conjunction with the mainboard that has CPU, exactly because these video cards can't directly show a lot of data.And native system (device), plate has carried high-performance CPU, and direct tape operation system, and message directly responds to external world, by assisting of CPU, the signal of gathering directly can be shown, and does not need mainboard auxiliary.System also has outside PMC interface (belong to pci interface, wipe groove type difference), also can receive on other mainboards, use as a common video card, but because this plate has CPU, its information processing rate is better than common video card.While, for a long time in the rich technology aspect the system reinforcement, native system had the characteristics of steady operation under rugged surroundings by means of company, and this also makes system performance more because common video card.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general structure block diagram of the utility model embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the BSP flowchart;

Fig. 3 is the flow for displaying of the utility model embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is an OpenGL command process flow process;

Fig. 5 is an OpenGL graphics process flow process;

Fig. 6 analyzes synoptic diagram for the component thermal design theory.

Embodiment

Be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 1, this device mainly is made up of central processing unit (CPU), graphic process unit (GPU) and various high-performance interface chip.System can be fetched into CPU with the data in the electric board, coherent signal is sent to a series of display process work such as high performance GPU does that texture is played up after treatment again, is output as vision signals such as VGA, PAL at last to display; Also can combine with outside main system, realize the high definition of external input signal is shown by PMC interface (essence of PMC interface is exactly PCI, is the address of a kind of electricapparatus interface shape of PCI).Systematic schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.

Module is introduced

This high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce is divided into 5 modules generally: CPU module, north bridge module, power module, display process module, communication interface modules.

Power module: this module provides power supply for device on the plate, and its input voltage is 5V, and digital 5V, 3.3V and simulation 3.3V, 2.5V, 5 kinds of supply voltages such as 1.8V, 1.2V can be provided.

The CPU module: this module is the core of system, mainly form by a high-performance MPC7448 and peripheral components (Flash, DDR internal memory), the message that system receives by the CPU module and the Processing Interface module is sent, and the generation image information passes to the display process module by the north bridge module and shows.

The north bridge module: this module mainly is made up of the MV64460 chip, mainly serves as the effect of a bridge in total system.By this module CPU and other module are connected.It provides a PCI bridge, and MPX bus (the MPX bus, it mainly is a kind of bus of PowerPC series CPU and the communication of bridge sheet, has following characteristics: 1, address bus totally 41 include 36 bit address positions, and 5 parity check bit; 2, data bus is totally 72, comprises 64 bit data positions, and 8 parity check bit), make that CPU and GPU can high-speed communications, thereby can realize the quick clear demonstration of graph image.Network interface, receiving and sending messages of serial ports also pass to CPU by the bridge sheet simultaneously.

Communication interface modules: this module mainly comprise network interface, with the serial communication chip, and PMC interface, system is by these interfaces and extraneous the mutual of information that carry out.

The display process module: this module mainly comprises a M9 display chip.After CPU has produced shows signal, pass to the display process module by the PCI bridge, produce by the display process module and obtain the required vision signal of display, show.

Principle of work

By systematic schematic diagram (Fig. 1) as can be known.System's (being high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce) work the time at first powers on, and then by the program designation in the Flash, vxworks operating system is packed in the DDR internal memory.After system enters operating system, begin management system work by CPU MPC7448.CPU manages other chip by bridge sheet MV64460.These chip functions mainly comprise: RS232 serial communication and ethernet communication.When these interface chips have received relevant data, pass to system CPU, can issue graphic presentation chip M9 after CPU handles and be output as vision signals such as VGA, PAL, show.

Major technique

(1) PowerPC BSP technology

Plate level support package (BSP) is meant at concrete hardware platform, the set of start-up code that the user write and equipment component driver.In vxworks operating system, BSP is defined as a software interface between bottom hardware environment and VxWorks, and its major function is initialization target machine hardware, an initialization operation system and the driver of part hardware is provided after the system power-up.Particularly, the BSP function comprises:

A) initialization system, beginning from power on to reset begins initialization user performed process of system in a period of time of (system carries out usrAppInit () and locates) when using up to VxWorks, comprises CPU initialization, target machine initialization and system resource initialization;

B) make the VxWorks can the access hardware driver, promptly BSP comprises the device driver of part necessity and the initialization operation of relevant device;

C) in the VxWorks system, the software of integrated hardware-related software and part and hardware independent.Wherein, hardware-related software also is referred to as hardware abstraction layer (Hardware Abstraction Layer) mainly in order to realize application layer software and device independent, realizes by revising udcHwAbslayer.c particularly.

In the design of this image plate, the main task of plate level support package BSP is the design according to M9 image plate hardware system, encapsulation hardware system, and the software-driven of various hardware interface circuits is provided for it, and provide an operation platform and corresponding software interface function for real time operating system.Particularly:

A) initialization minimum system driver module

● be responsible for the initialization of MPC 7448 cpu systems;

● FLASH drives;

● vxworks operating system initialization and allocation of space.

B) indispensable hardware device drivers and the relevant device initialization of part

● tyre network port driving (debugging must be used);

● serial port drive;

● dual port RAM drives;

● M9 chip drives (initialization section is provided with its mode of operation).

The execution flow process of BSP as shown in Figure 2, the initialization that wherein romInit () finishes disabled interrupt, preserve to start type (hot and cold), hardware is relevant and call romStart ().RomStart () then finishes and copies data segment to RAM from ROM, and clear internal memory copies code to program storage (SDRAM) from Flash, calls userInit () then.SysHwInit () is a system hardware initialization function.Function userInit () finishes system initialization in the usrConfig.c file.UsrKernel () disposes kernel data structure, usrRoot () initialization I/O system, and mounting equipment driving program starts application program at last.UsrAppInit () is the application program entry function.

(2) M9 Driving technique

System's major function is that the driving of quick, clear display graphics image so graphic process unit is the core technology of total system.The graph image flow for displaying of native system as shown in Figure 3.

The M9 driver module mainly is a register on the operating sheet, for the application program of high level provides the demonstration overlaying function, and can provide function of hardware acceleration to some operations that relatively consumes cpu resource.

M9 driver piece is mainly finished and is supported 2D under the VxWorks fully, the demonstration stack that 3D quickens drives, and it is the core content that three-dimensional picture shows the control system drive that M9 drives, and refers to make full use of the hard acceleration that M9 finishes figure, thereby realize that efficiently 3D drives, draw for OpenGL and call.

OpenGL is actually the interface of a kind of figure and hardware.It has comprised 120 graph functions, and the developer can set up three-dimensional model and carry out three-dimensional real-time, interactive with these functions.Different with other Graphic Programming Design interfaces, OpenGL provides very clear graph function, and therefore the programmer who begins to learn also can utilize the graphics capability of OpenGL and the palette of 1,670 ten thousand kinds of colors to design three-dimensional picture and three-dimension interaction software soon.

The driving of M9 chip refers to that mainly 3D drives, and utilizes OpenGL ES to realize the graphics process of point, line, circle, oval generation and filling and the 3D of 3D, comprises texture, plays up, effect such as illumination.

■ drives based on the M9 2D of WindML

WindML provides operating in the support of the multimedia application on the embedded system, and it provides fundamental figure, video and the Audiotechnica that is independent of several operation systems.Therefore, WindML can be understood that 2D quickens software.In addition, the DDK of WindML (device drives kit) provides hardware abstraction layer, finishes the interface of particular hardware, thereby guarantees the portability of upper level applications.

In general, the figure speed-up chip all comprises the register of several expansions, and graphic accelerating interface is provided.By graphic accelerating interface, can quicken such as setting-out, filling, cursor etc.It is as follows to utilize WindML to carry out the step of graphical development:

A) program initialization WindML initialization is finished UGL (Universal Graphics Library) initialization by calling api function uglInitialize ().

B) device drives is loaded (uglDriverFind), comprises showing control image, font, pointer, event handling, sound, framework etc.

C) for character output, the driver that should set font earlier can be finished by function uglFontDriverInfo ().Because many embedded systems only provide the limited font of minority to select, need also generally therefore to use that uglFontFind () function finds that system provides controls the font that the image font is complementary most with will showing.Find the back to generate this font by uglFontCreate () function.

D) initialization out of Memory comprises main window setting (winCreate, windRootSet), incident establishing route etc.

E) show the control image for figure, also need to produce a graphics environment.Create the graphics environment variable, the initialization color is also distributed predefine rgb value (uglColorAlloc), creates pointer, draws background etc.

F) utilize an infinite loop to constitute event handling main frame system.Process is all produced or is finished by it all mutual (mouse, keyboard, views etc.), and all message is all obtained by inEventGet or uglEventGet; Circulation is only just jumped out when receiving specific order, the content below carrying out.

G) finish release, and withdraw from all resources.The resource of using when all resources that refer to here not only comprise the front initialization with create, and comprise some pointer variables of using (such as, character string pointer).Discharge any resource less, all will cause memory overflow, caused unpredictable serious consequence the most at last.

■ M9 OpenGL 3D drives

It is the core that M9 drives that OpenGL 3D drives, and also is the part of system's most critical, and the realization of this part can complete embodiment M9 3D graphics processing function, and OpenGL graphics process flow process as shown in Figure 4.

Wherein how much vertex datas comprise vertex set, line collection, the polygon collection of model, and these data are through the top of process flow diagrams, comprise arithmetical unit, vertex operations etc. one by one; View data comprises pixel collection, image set, sets of bit-maps etc., the processing mode of image pixel data is different with the processing mode of how much vertex datas, but they all pass through rasterisation, sheet unit (Fragment) handles until last raster data is write frame buffer one by one.All data in OpenGL comprise that how much vertex datas and pixel data can be stored in the display list or can obtain immediately handling.Among the OpenGL, the display list technology is an important techniques.

OpenGL requires all geometric figure unit are all described with the summit, like this arithmetical unit and one by one the summit calculating operation can calculate and operate at each summit, carry out rasterisation formation figure fragment then; For pixel data, the pixel operation result is stored in the internal memory of texture assembling usefulness, forms pattern piece unit as how much vertex operations rasterisations again.

Whole flow operations last, pattern piece unit all will carry out the operation of a series of sheet one by one unit, and last like this pixel value BZ sends into the demonstration that frame buffer is realized figure.

According to the groundwork flow process of OpenGL can summarize in OpenGL, carry out main graphic operation and color applying drawing goes out the three-dimensional picture view on computer screen basic step as shown in Figure 5.

After CPU receives the various basic commands of OpenGL, call the GLU of OpenGL, GLU (OpenGL utility library) has mainly comprised several groups of special commands, the support of auxiliary property can be provided by these special commands, and replenished core OpenGL interface, GLU mainly comprises the convergent-divergent figure, simplify texture graphics, coordinate conversion, the polygonal piecemeal of inlaying, draw spheroid, cylinder and disk, nurbs curve and curved surface, various message such as fault processing, call the various functions of OpenGL interface library then, whether call GLX as required or directly enter into the OpenGL state machine, OpenGL state machine commander M9 makes the various 3D figures that OpenGL requires, interface function.

(3) system's thermal design

Because system is mainly used in industry spot, the rugged surroundings such as airborne, vehicle-mounted, carrier-borne, therefore to the reliability of system, especially wide temperature job requirement is than higher, so system's thermal design is a very important link.

At first the component thermal design theory is analyzed synoptic diagram as shown in Figure 6.Because equipment has adopted closed cabinet design, its equipment cooling mainly relies on the heat loss through conduction scheme, and the heat that is about to single module is transmitted on the cabinet wall by structural member, dispels the heat to environmental radiation by the cabinet wall again.Mainly earlier the inside modules heat balance is prevented local overheating, by the voussoir latch assembly heat is conducted on the cabinet wall again by the alloy aluminum material with high thermal conductivity, the heat-conducting silicone grease and the heat conducting film of low thermal resistance.

Mainly take following measure:

● heat-conducting plate adopts the alloy aluminum material (plate 6063-T4 GB/T3880) of high thermal conductivity;

● the heat conduction packing material adopts the heat conducting film and the heat-conducting silicone grease of low thermal resistance;

● the blackout oxidation processes is adopted on the heat-conducting plate surface, and Roughness Surface on Control is in 3.2;

● with the highest M9 chip height of power consumption is benchmark, fills with thermal grease conduction between M9 and the heat-conducting plate, and other chips are filled with heat conducting film;

● by the heat pipe of ultra-high conducting heating rate, design M9 chip prevents that the heat dissipation of M9 from influencing other chips, particularly the operate as normal of 8245 chips to the heat conduction designated lane of cabinet wall;

● make full use of the high-level efficiency specialty copper cooling fin that module faceplate is installed customization, directly dispel the heat to outside environmental radiation by it.

The VxWorks operating system brief introduction

Vxworks operating system is a kind of embedded real-time operating system (RTOS) that U.S. WindRiver company designed and developed in nineteen eighty-three, is the key components of embedded-development environment.Good sustained developing ability, high performance kernel and friendly user's development environment occupy one seat in the embedded real-time operating system field.In the high field of high-quality precision and sophisticated technology such as it is widely used in its good reliability and remarkable real-time and communicate by letter, military affairs, Aeronautics and Astronautics and real-time requirement.

The characteristics of VxWorks

Reliability

Stable, reliable is an outstanding advantage of VxWorks always.Since the sale of China was lifted a ban, VxWorks had won increasing user with its good reliability in China.

Real-time

The real-time of VxWorks is done very goodly, and the expense of its system itself is very little, and system utility programs such as process scheduling, interprocess communication, Interrupt Process are concise and effective, and the delay that they cause is very short.In the multi-task mechanism that VxWorks provides preemptive priority (Preemptive Priority Scheduling) and robin scheduling (Round-Robin Scheduling) mechanism have been adopted in the control of task, also fully guaranteed reliable real-time, make same hardware configuration can satisfy stronger real-time requirement, for the exploitation of using stays bigger leeway.

Tailorability

The user is not that each parts in the operating system all will be used when using operating system.For example graphic presentation, file system and some device drives are not often used in some embedded system.

VxWorks is made up of very little kernel of volume and the system module that some can customize as required.VxWorks kernel minimum is 8kB, even if add other necessary module, shared space is also very little, and do not lose its in real time, the system features of multitask.Because its high degree of flexibility, the user can customize or do suitable exploitation to this operating system at an easy rate, satisfies the practical application needs of oneself.

Claims (5)

1. one kind high integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce is characterized in that, comprises central processing unit, north bridge chips, display process chip and communication interface; Described central processing unit is electrically connected with north bridge chips, and described north bridge chips is electrically connected with external unit by communication interface, the input termination north bridge chips of described display process chip, the graphic display device of its output termination outside.

2. the integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce of height according to claim 1 is characterized in that described central processing unit is MPC7448, and described north bridge chips is MV64460, and described display process chip is ATI M9; Described north bridge chips is connected by the MPX bus with central processing unit; Described communication interface is RS232 and 10/100M Ethernet interface; Described north bridge chips is electrically connected with the display process chip by pci bus; Described display process chip outputting VGA or PAL vision signal are to outside graphic display device.

3. the integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce of height according to claim 1 is characterized in that described north bridge chips is communicated by letter with outside main system by the PMC interface.

4. according to the integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce of each described height of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that described central processing unit, north bridge chips, display process chip and be used for combining by vxworks operating system in logic with communication interface.

5. the integrated embedded graphic display drive deivce of height according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises FLASH flash memory and DDR internal memory, and described north bridge chips is electrically connected with FLASH flash memory and DDR internal memory.

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