CN201221354Y - Near-bit geology guide probe system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a near-bit geo-steering detection system, which comprises a resistivity detection unit, a gamma detection unit, a directional sensing unit and an insulated dipole transmitting unit. The resistivity detection unit is used for measuring the near-bit geological resistivity to generate resistivity data; the gamma detection unit is used for measuring the near-bit gamma rays to generate gamma ray data; the directional sensing unit is used for measuring the near-bit hole inclination and the tool surface to generate directional data; and the insulated dipole transmitting unit is used for transmitting the resistivity data, the gamma ray data and the directional data to the ground through wireless electromagnetic channels. The sensor can be close to the bit as much as possible to form prediction in advance for the information at the front part of the bit and the surrounding stratum when the bit drills into the ground, and thus the utility model can achieve the geo-steering purpose in the drilling process.

Description

A near-bit geosteering detection system

technical field

The utility model relates to the geo-steering measurement technology in the measurement-while-drilling or logging-while-drilling of petroleum, mining and geological exploration, especially relates to the wireless transmission technology of near-drill bit measurement and downhole measurement data, specifically a near-drill bit geo-steering detection system.

Background technique

In drilling projects such as petroleum, mining, and geological exploration, it is required to make the drilling trajectory more accurate and drill according to the engineering design requirements, timely and accurately grasp formation information to identify thin oil layers to improve drilling efficiency, and transmit formation information to the ground in real time. In this way, engineers and technicians can keep abreast of wellbore trajectory and formation information changes.

However, in the current drilling engineering, the sensors of many drilling systems have a certain distance from the drill bit, which reduces the detection range and detection accuracy. Although the sensors in some drilling systems are installed very close to the drill bit, there is no formation resistivity detector in the formation parameters, and when the data collected by the sensors is uploaded, the transmission channel is a wireless short transmission channel, and the data cannot be directly transmitted to the ground , must be relayed and then transmitted to the ground, which greatly reduces the transmission rate.

U.S. Patent Application 5448227 discloses a near-bit drilling measurement device and method thereof. The sensor of this patent application is installed near the drill bit to measure drilling parameters such as: the inclination angle of the borehole, the gamma ray emission of the formation, the formation resistivity and some mechanical drilling parameters. When the sensor collects data, the data is first transmitted to the measurement while drilling (MWD) through the wireless short transmission channel, and then transmitted to the ground. The technical solution disclosed in the utility model application can be incorporated here as the prior art of the utility model.

US patent application US00533906A discloses a drilling measurement device in which electrodes are installed on the flanks to determine the resistivity of surrounding structures. The electrodes in this patent application are used to measure signals generated by current to obtain resistivity signals. The technical solution disclosed in the utility model application can be incorporated here as the prior art of the utility model.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a geosteering detection system near a drill bit. Integrate the engineering parameter sensor, formation parameter sensor, wireless electromagnetic direct transmission channel and the drill bit, and make the sensor as close as possible to the drill bit, so that when the drill bit is drilling, the sensor will make an early prediction of the formation information in front of the drill bit and around it Make it achieve the purpose of geosteering during the drilling process.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a geological steering detection system near the drill bit, the system includes a power supply and a microprocessor, and the power supply is connected to the microprocessor; the system also includes: a resistivity detection unit connected to the microprocessor , measure the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit, and generate resistivity data; the gamma detection unit is connected with the microprocessor, measures the gamma ray near the drill bit, and generates gamma ray data; the orientation sensing unit is connected with the microprocessor, Measure the well deviation near the drill bit and the tool face to generate directional data; the insulating dipole transmitting unit is connected with the microprocessor to transmit the resistivity data, gamma ray data and directional data to the ground through the wireless electromagnetic channel.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that various geo-steering detection sensors, insulated dipole emitters and drill bits are integrated, and various detection sensors are brought closer to the drill bit, so that the formation conditions in front of the drill bit and around the drill bit are realized. It is predicted that the data collected by the detection sensor is transmitted through the insulated dipole antenna and transmitted to the ground through the wireless electromagnetic direct transmission channel, so as to make timely decisions and correct the drilling design.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the work flowchart of the embodiment of the utility model method.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the geosteering system near the drill bit of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiment of the utility model is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing. As shown in Figure 1, it is a structural block diagram of a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. The geosteering detection system near the drill bit shown in Fig. 1 includes: a resistivity detection unit, used to measure the resistivity of the formation near the drill bit, and generate resistivity data; a gamma detection unit, used to measure the gamma ray near the drill bit, and generate gamma ray Data; Orientation sensing unit, used to measure near-bit inclination and tool face, and generate orientation data; Insulated dipole transmitting unit, used to transmit resistivity data, gamma ray data and orientation data to the surface through wireless electromagnetic channel . The orientation filtering circuit is connected with the orientation sensing unit, and is used to filter the orientation data transmitted from the orientation sensing unit and output the filtered orientation data; the resistivity amplification/filtering/conversion circuit is connected with the resistance The rate detection unit is connected to amplify, filter and A/D convert the resistivity data received from the resistivity detection unit, and output the processed resistivity data; the microprocessor is respectively connected with the directional filter circuit, The resistivity amplification/filtering/converting circuit is connected with the gamma detection unit, and processes the filtered orientation data, processed resistivity data and gamma ray data to generate geosteering data. The transmitting amplifying circuit is respectively connected with the microprocessor and the insulating dipole transmitting unit, and is used for amplifying the geosteering data, and transmitting the amplified geosteering data to the insulating dipole transmitting unit for transmitting; the memory, and The microprocessor is connected to store geosteering data. Turbine driver and generator; the turbine driver drives the generator to generate electricity, and provides electric energy for the utility model system.

As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the device of the present invention. In Fig. 2, the near-bit geosteering detection system 2 integrated with the drill bit is installed on the drill shoe 1 of the screw drilling tool or drill collar, and the drill bit is installed on the drill shoe at the lower end of the near-drill geosteering detection system 2 .

The basic structure of the near-bit geosteering detection system 2 is composed of the first insulating dipole sub-joint 26 and the second insulating dipole sub-joint 13. The two insulating dipole sub-joints are made of titanium alloy. Segment insulated dipole pup joints can be threaded. Electrochemical method is used to generate an insulating layer with a thickness of 30-100 μm at the connecting screw surface of the first insulating dipole short joint 26 and the second insulating dipole short joint 13, so that when the first insulating dipole short joint After the section 26 is connected to the second insulated dipole short section 13, two electrodes separated by an insulating layer can be formed, that is, an insulated dipole.

After the first insulating dipole short joint 26 and the second insulating dipole short joint 13 are connected, in order to ensure the tightness of the connecting screw, the sealing insulating ring 12 and the insulating ring 15 are formed with wear-resistant insulating fiber and high temperature resistant resin. and insulating ring 14.

A first cavity is formed inside the first insulating dipole short section 26; a second cavity is formed inside the second insulating dipole short section 13; the first insulating dipole short section and the second insulating dipole short section The joints are threaded and electrically isolated by the insulating ring, and the first cavity communicates with the second cavity.

A long slot is opened on the measuring wall of the first insulating dipole short joint 26 to install a gamma ray detector, and the circuit leads of the gamma ray detector are led into the circuit compartment 7 through the sealing joint 9 .

The receiving sensor of the resistivity detector is installed on the second insulated dipole short joint 13, and the receiving sensor consists of an annular receiving coil 19, an annular protective shell 20, a coil compartment isolation ring 17, and a coil compartment isolation ring 22. , an insulating ring 21, an insulating ring 16 and a pressing ring 23 for receiving the sensor structure. The insulating ring 21 and the insulating ring 16 are made of high-temperature resin and ceramic powder with particle size greater than 200 mesh.

The lead wire of receiving transmission coil 19 is introduced in the anti-pressure protection chamber 11 through sealing joint 18; ) sealed end 24, in the silo formed by insulating connector 25. The insulating connector 25 is made of insulating material polytetrafluoroethylene.

The generator 5 and the turbine drive 3 form the power source of the ground-guided system.

Circuit module 7 is by directional sensor filter circuit 29, receives sensor current I, resistivity transmitter and wireless electromagnetic transmission channel transmitter share power amplifier 27, amplification/filtering/(A/D) conversion circuit 28, microprocessor 30, and memory 34.

As shown in Figure 3, the utility model workflow includes the following steps: the turbine driver drives the generator to work, and supplies power S101 for all detectors, sensors and circuit modules; resistivity detectors, gamma detectors, and orientation sensors Under the control of the detector, they work simultaneously to collect data, and store the collected data in the memory S102; the resistivity detector applies a voltage U signal to the two poles of the dipole through the power amplifier under the control of the microprocessor S103; The alternating voltage U passes through the formation to produce a current I with the same frequency as the voltage U, and the coil detects the current IS104; after amplification and filtering, the A/D conversion circuit sends the signal I to the microprocessor S105; the formation R and The stratum rate ρ, and store the data in the memory S106; the data in the memory is sent to the power amplifier after modulation by the microprocessor, and then sent to the two electrodes of the dipole, so that the electromagnetic signal is radiated into the stratum for transmission to ground S107.

As shown in Figure 4, the measurement of formation resistivity uses an insulated dipole transmitter to directly apply the detection voltage to the formation, so that as long as the transmission power is within the allowable range, the detection voltage is a constant value that can be directly monitored. The detection accuracy can be greatly improved. Due to the use of insulating dipoles to make the drill bit and drill collar form the two poles of the Hertz electric dipole, a wireless electromagnetic transmission channel is established. When the downhole generator provides a certain power, the data collected by the integrated sensor above the drill bit can be transmitted wirelessly. The electromagnetic transmission channel transmits directly to the ground. The working principle of near-bit geosteering system is as follows:

Under the impact of mud flow (mud flow: 28-30L/s) or high-speed gas flow (gas flow: greater than 60m3/min), the turbine driver 3 drives the generator 5 to work to generate more than 100 watts of electric energy. The generator supplies power to all detectors in the system, sensors and circuit modules 7; the circuit module 7 includes: an orientation filtering circuit, connected with the orientation sensing unit, used to transmit the orientation sensing unit to the receiving The directional data is filtered, and the filtered directional data is output; the resistivity amplification/filtering/conversion circuit is connected with the resistivity detection unit, and is used to amplify the resistivity data received from the resistivity detection unit, The processing of filtering and A/D conversion, the resistivity data after output processing; The microprocessor is respectively connected with the described directional filter circuit, the resistivity amplification/filtering/converting circuit and the gamma detection unit, and the described The filtered orientation data, processed resistivity data and gamma ray data are processed to generate geosteering data. The transmitting amplifying circuit is respectively connected with the microprocessor and the insulating dipole transmitting unit, and is used to amplify the geosteering data, and transmit the amplified geosteering data to the insulating dipole The sub-transmission unit transmits; the memory, connected with the microprocessor, is used to store the geosteering data.

The resistivity detector, the gamma detector 6 and the orientation sensor 10 work simultaneously to collect data under the control of the microprocessor, and store the collected data into the memory 34 . Under the control of the microprocessor 30, the resistivity detector applies a voltage signal with frequency f=1KHz and amplitude U to the two poles (26, 13) of the dipole through the power amplifier 27, and the alternating voltage U on the electrodes passes through the formation Generate a current I28 with the same frequency as the voltage U, and the current I is detected by the coil 19. After being amplified and filtered, the A/D conversion circuit 35 sends the signal I to the microprocessor, and the formation R and the formation rate ρ are obtained by Ohm's law, and Store data into memory.

The data in the memory 34 is modulated by the microprocessor 30 and then sent to the power amplifier 27 and then sent to the two electrodes of the dipole after being amplified, so that the electromagnetic signal 33 is radiated into the formation and transmitted to the ground.

Example

In this embodiment, two sections of titanium alloy short joints (26, 13) connected through insulation are used as the substrate, and on this basis, the integrated integration of the geosteering system and the drill bit is realized. The geosteering system formed by this method has the following nearly Drill bit measurement functions: ① formation resistivity measurement near the drill bit; ② gamma ray measurement near the drill bit; ③ well deviation and tool face measurement near the drill bit; ④ various measurement data are transmitted to the ground at one time through the wireless electromagnetic channel.

The geosteering system integrated with the drill bit is composed of the following parts: the first titanium alloy short joint 26, the second titanium alloy short joint 13, the sealing insulating ring 12, the insulating ring 15, the insulating ring 14, the insulating ring 16, and the insulating ring 17 1. The formation resistivity detector near the drill bit formed by the circular receiving and transmitting coil 19, the circular protective shell 20 and the insulating ring 21.

Gamma detector6. Orientation sensor 10 for measuring well deviation and tool face. A dipole (26, 13) for establishing an underground wireless electromagnetic transmission channel, which is also a part of the formation resistivity detector; an underground turbine generator (3, 5) with an output power greater than 100W; and a circuit module 7. The dipole is composed of two sections of titanium alloy (26, 13), the upper end of one pole 26 of the dipole is installed on the drill shoe of the screw drill or drill collar, and the drill bit is installed on the other pole 13 of the dipole drill boots.

The dipoles (26, 13) have two functions. The first is to be used as a detection transmitter for formation resistivity, and the second is to be used as a transmitting antenna for an underground wireless electromagnetic transmission channel.

Gamma detector 6 is installed on the position of one pole (26) sidewall of dipole; The receiving sensor coil 1 of formation resistivity detector is installed on one pole 13 of dipole, and the end face of receiving coil is apart from drilling bit 31 bottom surfaces The distance 32 is 350-400mm. The orientation sensor 10 for measuring the well deviation and the tool face, the circuit module 7, and the downhole turbine generator body 5 are installed in the flow channel of the dipole composed of dipoles (26, 13).

Due to the integrated integration of engineering parameter sensors, formation parameter sensors, wireless electromagnetic direct transmission channels and drill bits, first of all, making various sensors closer to the drill bit can predict the formation conditions in front of the drill bit and around the drill bit in advance, and secondly, the data collected by the sensors is passed through the integrated dipole antenna. Immediately transmit to the ground, so that drilling engineers and geologists can make timely decisions and revise drilling design in time.

Therefore, the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the utility model, rather than to limit the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. near-bit geological guiding probe system, described system comprises: power supply and microprocessor, described power supply is connected with microprocessor; It is characterized in that described system also comprises:

The resistivity probe unit is connected with described microprocessor, measures nearly drill bit formation resistivity, generates resistivity data;

The gamma probe unit is connected with described microprocessor, measures nearly drill bit gamma rays, generates the gamma rays data;

The orientation sensing unit is connected with described microprocessor, measures nearly drill bit hole deviation and tool-face, generates directional data;

Insulation dipole transmitter unit is connected with described microprocessor, and described resistivity data, gamma rays data and directional data are transferred to ground by the wireless electromagnetic channel.

2. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described insulation dipole transmitter unit comprises: the first insulation dipole pipe nipple, second insulation dipole pipe nipple and the dead ring;

The described first insulation dipole pipe nipple and second insulate the dipole pipe nipple for being threaded, and by described dead ring electrical isolation.

3. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described gamma probe unit and orientation sensing unit are installed on the described first insulation dipole pipe nipple.

4. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described resistivity probe unit comprises: resistivity receiving sensor, described resistivity receiving sensor are installed on the described second insulation dipole pipe nipple.

5. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

The directional filtering circuit is connected with the orientation sensing unit with described microprocessor respectively, and the directional data that the orientation sensing unit that receives is transmitted carries out filtering, and directional data after the filtering is sent to described microprocessor;

Resistivity amplification/filtering/change-over circuit, be connected with the resistivity probe unit with described microprocessor respectively, the resistivity data that the resistivity probe unit that receives is transmitted amplifies, the processing of filtering and A/D conversion, and will handle afterwards that resistivity data sends to described microprocessor.

6. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described system also comprises:

The emission amplifying circuit is connected with the described microprocessor and the dipole transmitter unit that insulate respectively, described geosteering data are amplified, and the geosteering data after will amplifying sends described insulation dipole transmitter unit to and launch;

Memory is connected with described microprocessor, stores described geosteering data.

7. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described power supply comprises: turbine drives and generator; Described turbine drives drives described generator for electricity generation, for described system provides electric energy.

8. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described insulation dipole transmitter unit comprises: the first insulation dipole pipe nipple, second insulation dipole pipe nipple and the dead ring;

The described first insulation dipole pipe nipple inside is formed with first cavity;

The described second insulation dipole pipe nipple inside is formed with second cavity;

The described first insulation dipole pipe nipple and second insulate the dipole pipe nipple for being threaded, and by described dead ring electrical isolation, described first cavity is connected with second cavity.

9. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described turbine drives, generator, directional filtering circuit, resistivity amplification/filtering/change-over circuit, microprocessor, emission amplifying circuit and memory are installed in described first cavity;

Described orientation sensing unit is installed in described second cavity.

10. near-bit geological guiding probe system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the resistivity receiving sensor comprises receiving coil, described receiving coil is installed on the described second insulation dipole pipe nipple, and the distance of the tip to face distance drill bit bottom surface of this receiving coil is 350mm to 400mm.

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