CN201170292Y

CN201170292Y - Speed reducing mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN201170292Y
Application number: CNU200820018200XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李振友
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-02-23
Filing date: 2008-02-23
Publication date: 2008-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2018-02-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to a reducing mechanism, belonging to the tower crane slewing reducing mechanism technical field. The reducing mechanism is characterized in that a triple reducing structure has a triple central gear 8, the lower toothed part of the central gear 8 is meshed with three triple planet gears 11, a middle bearing of the triple planet gears is connected with three triple planet gear shafts 9 which are arranged on a triple planet wheel rack 23, lower ends of the triple planet wheel shafts 9 are connected with a driving disc 22, the triple planet gear 11 is meshed with a twogang inner toothed ring 7 arranged on the periphery; bearings arranged between the planet wheel shafts and the planet gears are planet wheel sliding bearings; and the assembling surface and the assembling hole PhiI of the tower cane positioned on a lower case body 18 are arranged on the outer side of the lower end of an upper case body 27. The load balancing floating design of the triple planet wheel rack 23 conveys the torque. The reducing mechanism has the bearing capacity greater than the rolling bearing, guarantees the coaxial accuracy of bearing housing holes at two ends, the concentric accuracy with the locating cylinder surface PhiII, and the perpendicular accuracy with the large end surface, and has stable working state and long service life.

Description

A kind of reducing gear

One, technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of reducing gear, be specifically to existing rotary decelerating mechanism remain design deficiency and the not enough optimization of carrying out novelty and perfect, belong to tower crane (construction engineering with) rotary decelerating mechanism technical field.

Two, background technique

The tower crane rotation reducing gear that the institute of construction engineering at present generally uses divides two kinds, and a kind of is coaxial-type third-level planetary train reducing gear, and three grades of decelerations are planetary gear train, and input and output gear axle and two tertiary centres wheel are same axis, as shown in Figure 1; Also have a kind of offset, two or three grades of slowing-down structures are identical with coaxial-type, are the helical gear fixed shaft gear trains but the one-level slowing-down structure adopts, one-level helical gear shaft and the main core line one-level helical gear pair centre distance of setovering.These two kinds of reducing gears the common design deficiency that exists and not enough as described below:

1, see Fig. 1, secondary center wheel 02 and tertiary centre gear 08 are and all carry float design, and this prolongs the bearing working life-span for improving the planet wheel bearing quality of loads, improve planet wheel simultaneously and ring gear flank of tooth contact quality is significant,

2, but third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 still links together with output gear shaft 17 rigidly by rectangular spline, just not saying third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 itself has much influences because of processing and the positional deviation that assembling causes, but the words of processing by the requirement of G level bearing assembly precision with regard to lower box 18 bearings at both ends shell aperture, guarantee claimed accuracy (economic technology scheme routinely: blank workpiece, two procedures, the bearing shell aperture of per pass working procedure processing one end and the disposable size requirement that is machined to) just very difficult, in addition also to guarantee bearing shell aperture shaft axis and big axial-radial positional accuracy of holding assembly surface (with doubly-linked ring gear 07), therefore process program processes to a certain extent that the location deviation also is unavoidable routinely, but this can severe exacerbation output gear shaft 17 main bearings 14 and 19 and third-level planetary take turns the working condition of 11 bearings 10, shorten its operating life, also have the third-level planetary wheel 11 and the flank of tooth contact quality of duplex ring gear 07 also can be had a strong impact on, therefore third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 is all carried float design also just becomes necessary.

3, can find out that by Fig. 1 planet wheel bearings at different levels and output gear shaft main bearing are rolling bearing entirely, and in conjunction with the actual working conditions of rotary decelerating mechanism, some shortcomings that rolling bearing showed in actual use have: because the needs of engineering, the speed reducer output speed is very low, load is very heavy, and need frequent switching on and shutting down, frequent commutation, rolling bearing is bearing under the very heavy like this impact alternate load situation for a long time, the additional load of adding the positional deviation of processing and assembling and producing is very easily because of fatigue crack, (roller) spot corrosion of raceway and steel ball and premature failure.

Three, summary of the invention

The novel purpose of this use is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, utilizes the effective and reliable and stable solution of a cover, provides a kind of manufacturing process simple, compact structure, load power is big, transmission efficiency height, the reducing gear of stable working state and long service life.

A kind of reducing gear, by the one-level gear shaft 3 of input end by being positioned at upper box 27, lower box 18, one, two, three slowing-down structure that is made of one, two, three planetary gear train respectively that links to each other in regular turn connects the output gear shaft 17 that is transported to output terminal with moment of torsion, and special way is

The one-level gear shaft 3 of one-level slowing-down structure is connected in the bearing shell aperture of upper box 27 by bearing fixing, one-level ring gear 1 is fixedly connected in the upper box 27, three one-level planet wheels 6 mesh with one-level gear shaft 3 and one-level ring gear 1 respectively, and one-level planet wheel 6 is by bearing 5 uniform being installed on the one-level planet wheel shaft 4 that coils on the secondary centers wheel 2;

The double reduction structure, one-level planet wheel 6 is delivered to rotating speed and moment of torsion on the secondary center wheel 2, the tooth portion of secondary center wheel 2 and three secondary planetary gear 25 engagements, three secondary planetary gears 25 also mesh with duplex ring gear 7 respectively, and secondary planetary gear 25 is by bearing 26 uniform being installed on the secondary planet wheel shaft 24 that coils on the tertiary centre gear 8;

The third-level planetary of three grades of slowing-down structures wheel 11 is by on the uniform third-level planetary wheel shaft 9 that is installed on third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 of bearing 10, middle lower tooth portion with tertiary centre wheel 8 meshes, three grades of gear ring engagements of periphery and duplex ring gear 7, when tertiary centre wheel 8 rotates, driving third-level planetary wheel 11 rotates, third-level planetary wheel 11 is owing to mesh with duplex ring gear 7, therefore revolve round the sun around output gear shaft 17 shaft axiss again rotation the time, be that planetary wheel carrier 23 rotates, this moment, third-level planetary wheel shaft 9 was by end bulb and following 22 unsteady connections of drive plate, bulb inserts in three uniform on the drive plate 22 hardened steel trepannings, thereby driving drive plate 22 rotates, and drive plate 22 is rigidly connected to output gear shaft 17 by rectangular spline, and moment of torsion is passed to output gear shaft 17;

The bottom of rectangular spline, be with round nut 21 on the output gear shaft 17, the bottom of round nut 21 is provided with sphere and adjusts packing ring 13,20, be connected by output gear shaft main bearing 19,14 between output gear shaft 17 and the lower box 18, be provided with oil sealing 15 between the output gear shaft main bearing 14 of output gear shaft 17 and outermost end, the outside of oil sealing 15 is provided with rubber seal 16;

Set bearing 5 is an one-level planet wheel sliding bearing between described one-level planet wheel shaft 4 and the primary planet pinion 6; Set bearing 26 is secondary planet wheel sliding bearing between secondary planet wheel shaft 24 and the secondary planetary gear 25; Set bearing 10 is a third-level planetary gear sliding bearing between third-level planetary wheel shaft 9 and the third-level planetary gear 11;

In order to ensure the positional accuracy between the surface, changing on the upper box 27 with tower machine mating face and pilot hole φ I of lower box 18 will be positioned at originally, the pilot hole φ I that is about to the outside, lower box 18 upper ends removes, lower box (18) maximum outside diameter (φ II) is established pilot hole φ I less than the maximum outside diameter of upper box (27) with the outside, lower end of duplex ring gear 7.

The reducing gear that this use is novel, can reduce greatly from gear shaft and the influence of counterpart positional accuracy deviation on every side:

1, a kind of reducing gear that this use is novel, third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 all carries float design, former planetary wheel carrier improvement is divided into planetary wheel carrier 23 and drive plate 22 two-part, wherein planetary wheel carrier 23 is responsible for installing and carrying third-level planetary wheel 11, whole planetary wheel carrier parts not with any component relation of being rigidly connected, drive plate 22 then is connected with gear shaft 17 firm shapes by rectangular spline, be evenly equipped with 3 holes that press-fit the steel bushing that hardens on the drive plate 22, the planetary wheel carrier parts cooperate (pressing the uniform franchise of IT7 class precision control trisection) by third-level planetary wheel shaft end bulb with the steel bushing hole of drive plate 22, third-level planetary wheel carrier 23 is promptly by this unsteady annexation transmitting torque.

2, the rolling bearing with all planet wheels and output gear shaft 17 changes sliding bearing (seeing Figure 12) into, at first sliding bearing has the bearing capacity stronger than rolling bearing, especially more having superiority aspect the sexual intercourse varying load that withstands shocks, secondly sliding bearing is by the running-in wearing and tearing and the moulding distortion in early stage, thereby gradual correction and reparation are because of processing and assemble the positional deviation that causes, be aided with the very strong lubricant oil of bearing capacity again, under the condition of bath lubrication, can obtain the operating life longer than rolling bearing.

3, for the coaxial precision that guarantees the bearings at both ends shell aperture and with the concentricity precision on φ II positioning cylinder surface, with the vertical precision of large end face, need in one procedure, locate black skin by clamping φ III, with bearings at both ends shell aperture, φ II locating face, process at one time with the assembled end of duplex ring gear 07, to guarantee the positional accuracy between these surfaces, in order to reach this purpose, changing on the duplex ring gear 07 with tower machine mating face and pilot hole φ I of lower box 18 will be positioned at originally, can dwindle the radial and axial size of lower box 18 like this, convenient processing.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1: the structural representation before this reducing gear improves; Fig. 2: C-C sectional view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3: D-D sectional view among Fig. 1; Fig. 4: E-E sectional view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 5: the utility model reducing gear structural representation;

Fig. 6: C-C sectional view among Fig. 2; Fig. 7: the local J structure enlarged view among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8: E-E sectional view among Fig. 2; Fig. 9: the local H structure enlarged view among Fig. 8;

Figure 10: D-D sectional view among Fig. 2; Figure 11: the local I structure enlarged view among Figure 10;

Figure 12: sliding bearing structure sectional view; Figure 13: the local B structure enlarged view among Figure 12;

Figure 14: the utility model bias structure reducing gear structural drawing.

Among the figure, one-level ring gear 1, secondary center wheel 2, one-level gear shaft 3, one-level planet wheel shaft 4, bearing 5, primary planet pinion 6, duplex ring gear 7, tertiary centre gear 8, third-level planetary wheel shaft 9, bearing 10, third-level planetary gear 11, steel bushing 12, sphere is adjusted packing ring 13, output gear shaft main bearing 14, oil sealing 15, rubber seal 16, output gear shaft 17, lower box 18, output gear shaft main bearing 19, sphere is adjusted packing ring 20, round nut 21, drive plate 22, third-level planetary wheel carrier 23, secondary planet wheel shaft 24, secondary planetary gear 25, bearing 26, upper box 27, one-level helical gear shaft 28, angular contact bearing 29, one-level helical gear casing 30, the driven helical gear 31 of one-level, the driven central gear 32 of secondary, angular contact bearing 33, transition land 34.

Five, embodiment

Following with reference to accompanying drawing, provide embodiment of the present utility model, be used for formation of the present utility model is further specified.

Embodiment 1

A kind of reducing gear of present embodiment is with reference to figure 5-13, a kind of reducing gear, by the one-level gear shaft 3 of input end by being positioned at upper box 27, in the lower box 18, link to each other in regular turn respectively by one, two, one of third-level planetary train formation, two, three grades of slowing-down structures connect moment of torsion the output gear shaft 17 that is transported to output terminal, the one-level gear shaft 3 of one-level slowing-down structure is connected in the bearing shell aperture of upper box 27 by bearing fixing, one-level ring gear 1 is fixedly connected in the upper box 27, three one-level planet wheels 6 mesh with one-level gear shaft 3 and one-level ring gear 1 respectively, and one-level planet wheel 6 is by bearing 5 uniform being installed on the one-level planet wheel shaft 4 that coils on the secondary centers wheel 2;

When one-level gear shaft 3 rotates, driving one-level planet wheel 6 by meshing relation rotates, because one-level planet wheel 6 also meshes with one-level ring gear 1 simultaneously, therefore, also revolve round the sun in the time of 6 rotations of one-level planet wheel, and drive 2 rotations of secondary centers wheel by one-level planet wheel shaft 4 around gear shaft 4 shaft axiss;

When secondary center wheel 2 rotates, driving secondary planetary gear 25 by meshing relation rotates, because secondary planetary gear 25 also meshes with duplex ring gear 7 simultaneously, therefore, also revolve round the sun in the time of secondary planetary gear 25 rotations, and drive 8 rotations of tertiary centres wheel by secondary planet wheel shaft 24 around secondary planet wheel shaft 24 shaft axiss;

The power of being imported according to one-level gear shaft 03, rotating speed, parameters such as moment of torsion, accurately calculate the moment of torsion M of planet wheel shafts at different levels and output gear shaft, linear speed v, working pressure p radially, data such as pv value, (see that Figure 14 imports the gear shaft bias structure and only calculates two, three grades and output gear shaft kinetic parameter) and according to the data selection respective model of calculating and the sliding bearing of parameter allowable, revise the physical dimension and the required precision of accessory mutually according to the physical dimension of selected sliding bearing and technical specifications again, after machining again the mounting technology condition by sliding bearing assemble and debug.

Revise the physical dimension of lower box 18, for the coaxial precision that guarantees the bearings at both ends shell aperture and with the concentricity precision on φ II positioning cylinder surface, vertical precision with large end face, need in one procedure, locate black skin by clamping φ III, with the bearings at both ends shell aperture, φ II locating face, process at one time with the assembled end of duplex ring gear 07, to guarantee the positional accuracy between these surfaces, in order to reach this purpose, changing on the duplex ring gear 07 with tower machine mating face and pilot hole φ I of lower box 18 will be positioned at originally, can dwindle the radial and axial size of lower box 18 like this, convenient processing.

Embodiment 2

A kind of reducing gear of present embodiment is with reference to Figure 14, be offset, two or three grades of slowing-down structures are identical with coaxial-type, what the one-level slowing-down structure adopted is the helical gear fixed shaft gear trains, one-level helical gear pair centre distance of one-level helical gear shaft 28 and the biasing of main core line, as shown in Figure 14, comprise one-level helical gear shaft 28, angular contact bearing 29, one-level helical gear casing 30, the driven helical gear 31 of one-level, the driven central gear 32 of secondary, angular contact bearing 33, transition land 34.

Claims

1, a kind of reducing gear, by the one-level gear shaft (3) of input end by being positioned at upper box (27), lower box (18), one, two, three slowing-down structure that is made of one, two, three planetary gear train respectively that links to each other in regular turn connects the output gear shaft (17) that is transported to output terminal with moment of torsion, is characterised in that

The third-level planetary of three grades of slowing-down structures wheel (11) is by on the uniform third-level planetary wheel shaft (9) that is installed on third-level planetary wheel carrier (23) of bearing (10), middle lower tooth portion with tertiary centre wheel (8) meshes, three grades of gear ring engagements of periphery and duplex ring gear (7), third-level planetary wheel shaft (9) is connected with following drive plate (22) is unsteady by the end bulb, bulb inserts drive plate (22) and goes up in three uniform hardened steel trepannings, drive plate (22) is rigidly connected to output gear shaft (17) by rectangular spline, and moment of torsion is passed to output gear shaft (17).

2, according to the described a kind of reducing gear of claim 1, the bottom that it is characterized in that described rectangular spline, be with round nut (21) on the output gear shaft (17), the bottom of round nut (21) is provided with sphere and adjusts packing ring (13), (20), be connected by output gear shaft main bearing (19), (14) between output gear shaft (17) and the lower box (18), be provided with oil sealing (15) between the output gear shaft main bearing (14) of output gear shaft (17) and outermost end, the outside of oil sealing (15) is provided with rubber seal (16).

3,, it is characterized in that set bearing (5) is an one-level planet wheel sliding bearing between described one-level planet wheel shaft (4) and the primary planet pinion (6) according to the described a kind of reducing gear of claim 1; Set bearing (26) is secondary planet wheel sliding bearing between secondary planet wheel shaft (24) and the secondary planetary gear (25); Set bearing (10) is a third-level planetary gear sliding bearing between third-level planetary wheel shaft (9) and the third-level planetary gear (11).

4, according to the described a kind of reducing gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that the maximum outside diameter of described lower box (18) maximum outside diameter (φ II) less than upper box (27), pilot hole (φ I) is established in the outside, lower end of duplex ring gear (7).