CN201098738Y - Numerical control lathe spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

A numerical control lathe spindle comprises a spindle seat, a spindle sleeve penetrating through the spindle seat, a plurality of bearings, a pull rod unit penetrating through the interior of the spindle sleeve and linked with the spindle sleeve, a driving piece for braking the pull rod unit to move along an axis and an elastic unit. The driving piece pulls the pull rod unit to enable a chuck to be operated to a loosening position outwards moved from a pulling part from a binding position sleeved in relative to a pulling part of the spindle sleeve, and the elastic unit provides a tendency that the chuck constantly keeps moving towards the binding position. The driving piece only brakes the pull rod unit along the axis and does not rotate along with the main shaft sleeve and the pull rod unit, so that the service life is prolonged and the maintenance is reduced.

Description

Numerically Controlled Lathe Spindle

technical field

The utility model relates to a machine tool, in particular to a numerical control lathe spindle.

Background technique

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is an existing numerically controlled lathe spindle, which includes an axle seat 1, a main shaft sleeve 2 whose shaft is arranged inside the axle seat 1, and several spindle sleeves 2 installed on the axle seat 1 and the main shaft sleeve 2. Bearing 3 between, a tie rod 4 that is installed in this main shaft sleeve 2 inside, a belt pulley 5 that is fixed on this main shaft sleeve 2 outside and an oil pressure rotary cylinder 6 that is fixed on this belt pulley 5 side. When the pulley 5 is driven by an external force, it drives the main shaft sleeve 2, the hydraulic rotary cylinder 6 and the pull rod 4 to rotate synchronously. The hydraulic rotary cylinder 6 has a cylinder body 7 locked on the side of the pulley 5 and a sliding The piston 8 is sleeved in the cylinder 7. The cylinder 7 is provided with a cylinder chamber 701 and two oil guide passages 702. The piston 8 has a piston ring 801 sleeved in the cylinder chamber 701 and Two oil passages 802 communicate with the oil guiding channel 702 and the cylinder chamber 701 . When the hydraulic oil is pumped into one of the oil guide passages 702 and the corresponding oil passage 802, it will push the piston 8 to move in the axial direction, and drive the pull rod 4 to move synchronously, so as to control the pull rod 4 A chuck at the end opens and closes 9 to clamp or release the workpiece.

Although this lathe spindle can achieve the purpose of clamping the workpiece for processing, it still has the following problems in actual use:

1. When the hydraulic oil pushes the piston 8 to move to the left and controls the chuck 9 at the end of the pull rod 4 to clamp and process the workpiece, the hydraulic pump must continue to work to maintain the clamping force of the chuck 9. The cost of setting up the hydraulic pump and the maintenance cost are high.

2. When the workpiece is processed, the belt pulley 5 will drive the main shaft sleeve 2, the tie rod 4 and the workpiece to rotate, and the oil pressure rotary cylinder 6 will also rotate accordingly. The oil pressure rotary cylinder 6 and the oil pressure pump connection must be Set the rotary joint, after a period of use, it is easy to cause oil leakage.

3. The opening, closing and positioning of the chuck 9 are completely achieved by the oil supply of the hydraulic pump. When there is no early warning power failure or a sudden failure of the oil pressure system and the control system, the clamping force of the chuck 9 will be reduced. Changes or failures can easily cause the workpiece in high-speed rotation to loosen and fall, causing danger.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a numerically controlled lathe spindle that can clamp and process workpieces without using an oil pressure pump and achieve cost reduction.

The spindle of the numerically controlled lathe of the utility model comprises a shaft base, a main shaft sleeve pierced in the shaft base, a plurality of bearings installed between the shaft base and the main shaft sleeve, and a shaft sleeve penetrated inside the main shaft sleeve and supported by the A tie rod unit linked with the main shaft sleeve, a driving part for braking the movement of the tie rod unit and an elastic unit. The shaft seat is hollow cylindrical and has a shaft hole extending along an axis. The main shaft sleeve shaft is arranged in the shaft hole of the shaft seat, and has a first end portion, a second end portion opposite to the first end portion along the axis, and a The inner hole at the end has a push-out portion corresponding to the second end. The bearing is installed inside the shaft hole of the shaft seat and interposed between the shaft seat and the main shaft sleeve. The pull rod unit is passed through the inner hole of the main shaft sleeve along the axis and rotated by the main shaft sleeve, and has a restrained end connected to the first end and a restrained end connected to the first end along the axis. The catch ends are arranged oppositely and correspond to the chucks of the push-pull part. The driving part is fixed on one side of the shaft seat, and the caught end of the pulling rod unit is moved from a first position to a second position along the axis, and the chuck is moved from a relative to the push-pull The position of the beam clamp that is partially inserted, is operated as a release position that moves outward from the push-pull part. The elastic force of the elastic unit provides the clamping head of the pull rod unit with a constant tendency to move toward the beam clamping position.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that: using the elastic force of the elastic unit, the clamp head of the pull rod unit is kept at the beam clamp position, and the pull rod unit is driven by the driving member so that the clamp head moves from the beam clamp position to the beam clamp position. The loose position, so the workpiece can be clamped and processed without using the hydraulic pump, and the overall cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the combination section of existing a kind of lathe main shaft;

Fig. 2 is the partially enlarged schematic diagram of this kind of lathe spindle;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional appearance view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a combination sectional view of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the utility model, illustrating that a chuck of a pull rod unit is located at a beam clamping position;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that a driving member brakes the pull rod unit and moves the collet from the clamping position to a release position.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in detail:

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the preferred embodiment of the spindle of the numerically controlled lathe of the present invention includes a shaft seat 10, a main shaft sleeve 20 pierced in the shaft seat 10, and a plurality of shaft sleeves installed in the shaft seat 10 The bearing 30 between the main shaft sleeve 20, a pull rod unit 40 that passes through the main shaft sleeve 20 and is linked by the main shaft sleeve 20, a driving member 50 that checks the movement of the pull rod unit 40, and a drive member 50 fixed on the main shaft sleeve 20. The positioning disc 60 on the main shaft sleeve 20 , a driving wheel 70 fixed on the positioning disc 60 and an elastic unit 80 corresponding to the driving member 50 .

The shaft seat 10 has a hollow cylindrical main body 11 and a hollow cylindrical side cover 12 fixed on one side of the main body 11 along an axis L. The main body 11 has a shaft extending along the axis L. hole 111 , the side cover 12 has two hollowed out portions 121 oppositely disposed.

The main shaft sleeve 20 is made into a hollow tubular shape and is rotatably passed through the shaft hole 111 of the shaft seat 10, and has a first end 21 corresponding to the side cover 12, a first end 21 along the axis L and the first The opposite second end 22 of the end 21 and an inner hole 23 passing through the first and second ends 21, 22 along the axis L, the first end 21 has two long grooves extending along the axis L 211 , the inner hole 23 has a push-out portion 231 corresponding to the second end portion 22 and gradually expanding from inside to outside.

The bearing 30 is installed inside the shaft hole 111 of the shaft sleeve 10 and interposed between the shaft seat 10 and the main shaft sleeve 20 for the smooth rotation of the main shaft sleeve 20 .

The tie rod unit 40 is passed through the inner hole 23 of the main shaft sleeve 20 along the axis L and rotated by the main shaft sleeve 20, and has a main rod 41 extending along the axis L and a main rod 41 extending along the axis L. L is a collet 42 that is screwed to the main rod 41, a collar 43 that is connected with the main rod 41 and sleeved on the outside of the main shaft sleeve 20, and two radially penetrated so that the collar 43 is connected to the main shaft The pin rod 44 connected by the rod 41 , an adjusting nut 45 screwed on the collar 43 and a spacer 46 arranged on one side of the adjusting nut 45 . The main rod 41 has a clamped end 411 connected with the first end 21, the collet 42 has a collet 421 opposite to the clamped end 411 along the axis L, and a plurality of The collet 421 is set and provided with a radial opening and closing elastic groove 422 and a tapered surface 423 corresponding to the pushing part 231. The collar 43 corresponds to the constrained end 411 and has a The threaded portion 431 on the surface, the pin rod 44 slides through the long slot 211 in the axial direction, and the adjusting nut 45 can be pushed against the spacer 46 to displace in the axial direction.

The driving member 50 in this embodiment is a pneumatic cylinder, and has a cylinder body 51 fixed on one side of the side cover 12 and a piston 52 sleeved inside the cylinder body 51 along the axis L to slide. The cylinder body 51 has a cylinder chamber 511, the piston 52 has a piston ring portion 521 sleeved in the cylinder chamber 511 and a pusher extending to the inside of the side cover 12 and sleeved outside the first end portion 21. When the piston 52 is driven by an air pressure source (not shown in the figure), the caught end 41 of the pull rod unit 40 is moved from a first position (see FIG. 4 ) to a first position along the axis L. Two positions (see Fig. 5), and make the chuck 421 from a clamping position (see Fig. 4) nested relative to the push-pull part 231, and operate as a loosening that moves outward from the push-pull part 231 location (see Figure 5).

The positioning plate 60 is fixed on the outside of the main shaft sleeve 20 and spaced apart from the spacer 46 , and has a shoulder 61 disposed inside the slot 211 and facing the spacer 46 .

The drive pulley 70 of this embodiment is a hollow ring-shaped pulley, and is fixed on the periphery of the positioning plate 60, and driven by an external force (such as a motor, not shown in the figure), it can drive the main shaft sleeve 20 and the tie rod unit 40 to rotate. , and a belt (not shown) for power transmission passes through the hollow portion 121 of the side cover 12 .

The elastic unit 80 of this embodiment has a plurality of disc springs 81 stacked in the axial direction, and is sandwiched between the spacer 46 and the shoulder surface 61. The elastic force of the elastic unit 80 provides the collar 43 with a constant orientation. The tendency of the piston 52 to move also makes the chuck 421 of the tie rod unit 40 keep moving toward the clamping position.

As shown in FIG. 4 again, it shows that the piston 52 of the driving member 50 is not affected by the air pressure source, and the elastic force of the elastic unit 80 is used to position the clamped end 411 of the pull rod unit 40 at the first position, and There is a gap I of about 1mm between the collar 43 and the push end 522. At this time, the pin 44 is positioned against one end of the long slot 211, and the chuck 421 is also located at the clamping position. And sleeved in the push-pull part 231 , and constrained by the push-pull part 231 , the channel 422 shrinks and deforms to form a clamp on the workpiece. When the driving wheel 70 is driven to rotate by an external force, it drives the main shaft sleeve 20 to rotate, and the main shaft sleeve 20 uses the pin rod 44 to pass through the long groove 211 and connects the collar 43 and the main rod 41 of the pull rod unit 40 to act, and also drives the main shaft The pull rod unit 40 rotates and drives the workpiece to rotate and perform turning processing. As mentioned above, when processing, the driving member 50 is fixed, and the collar 423 utilizes the effect of the gap I, so it will not rub against the push end 522 of the piston 52, and the main shaft sleeve 20 does not Contact with the piston 52 to ensure smooth rotation of the main shaft sleeve 20 and the tie rod unit 40 .

As shown in Figure 5 again, when the turning process is completed and the driving wheel 70 has stopped rotating, the air pressure source can be introduced into the cylinder chamber 511 of the cylinder body 51, and when the piston ring portion 521 is pushed, the push will After the catch end 522 moves about 1 mm and makes the gap I disappear, it pushes the collar 43. At this time, the collar 43 approaches the positioning disc 60 in the axial direction, and the elastic unit 80 is moved Compress and contain the elastic force of release, and the pin rod 44 is displaced along the long slot 211, and the pull rod unit 40 is moved to the right side in Fig. position along the axis L to the second position, the clamping head 421 is also transformed from the beam clamping position to the loosening position that moves outward from the push-pull part 231, and the setting of the channel 422 makes the clamping head 421 radially It expands outward and releases the workpiece so that the workpiece can be taken out and put in. When it is desired to clamp the workpiece again, it is only necessary to use the air pressure source to reversely push the piston 52 to move to the left side of FIG.

Therefore the effect of the present utility model is:

1. The chuck 421 of the pull rod unit 40 utilizes the elastic force of the elastic unit 80 to act on the workpiece when clamping the workpiece, that is to say, the chuck 421 does not use the driver 50 to clamp the workpiece at all, and The driver 50 only needs to push the collar 43 when the collet 421 is about to open. When the collet 421 clamps the workpiece and in operation, the driver 50 does not need to do work, so it can be operated by a pneumatic cylinder. It replaces the existing hydraulic cylinder and does not need to install a hydraulic pump, so the overall cost and maintenance cost can be reduced.

2. When the workpiece is processed, the driving wheel 70 will drive the main shaft sleeve 20, the tie rod unit 40 and the workpiece to rotate, the driving part 50 will be fixed, and the driving part 50 and the air pressure source connection do not need to be rotated. The joint not only simplifies the overall structure, but also solves the existing problem of oil leakage.

3. The expansion of the chuck 421 is achieved by extending the driver 50, and the closing of the chuck 421 and the clamping and fixing of the workpiece are achieved by using the elastic unit when the driver 50 is retracted. The return elastic force of 80 makes the chuck 421 change from the loose position to the beam clamp position. Therefore, the utility model does not need to use the oil pressure pump, even if there is a power failure without warning or a pneumatic system failure. , the clamping force of the chuck 421 will not change or become invalid, and the workpiece will not be loosened and dropped.

It is worth mentioning that when the adjusting nut 45 is operated, the elastic force of the elastic unit 80 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the collet 421, and the setting of the spacer 46 can also be used to adjust the positioning plate 60, the tolerance produced after assembly of the elastic unit 80, etc., is to ensure that the elastic force of the elastic unit 80 is sufficient to make the collet 421 produce a better clamping force.

Claims (7)

1. numerically controlled lathe main shaft comprises an axle bed, collar bush, most shafts that is located in this axle bed holds, one is located in the drawbar unit of this collar bush inside, this drawbar unit of stopper actuator and a Flexible element; It is characterized in that:

Described axle bed is to be hollow tube-shape, and has an axis hole that extends along an axis;

Described collar bush, be to be located in the axis hole of described axle bed, and having a first end, one run through this first and second end along the second end of the opposite setting with described first end of described axis and one along this axis endoporus, described endoporus has the portion of pulling out that pushes away of a described the second end of correspondence;

Described bearing, it is inner and between between described axle bed and described collar bush to be mounted in the axis hole of described axle sleeve;

Described drawbar unit, be to be located in the endoporus of described collar bush and rotated by described collar bush interlock, and have pulled end and who links with described first end along the opposite setting of described axis and to pushing away the chuck of the portion of pulling out with the described end of being pulled along described axis;

Described actuator, be to be installed in described axle bed one side, and the end of being pulled of the described drawbar unit of stopper moves to a second place by a primary importance along axis, and this chuck pushes away the bundle folder position that the portion of pulling out is inserted in by one with respect to described, is operable to one and pushes away the disengaged position that the portion of pulling out shifts out outwardly from this;

The trend that described Flexible element, elastic force provide the permanent maintenance of the chuck of described drawbar unit to move towards this bundle folder position.

2. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first end of described collar bush has at least one elongated slot that extends along this axis, described drawbar unit also has the described end and be set in the collar of this collar bush outside and at least one wears the pin rod that is attached on this collar and the described end of being pulled and passes this elongated slot of being pulled of correspondence, described lathe spindle also has a shoulder face of being located at described elongated slot inboard, and described Flexible element is to be folded between the described collar and described shoulder face.

3. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described Flexible element has most disk springs.

4. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the collar of described drawbar unit has a threaded portion of being located at outer peripheral face, and described drawbar unit also has an adjustment nut that is arranged in described threaded portion and adjusts described Flexible element elastic force.

5. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described actuator is a pneumatic cylinder, and having cylinder body and the piston that is set in described cylinder interior affixed with described axle bed, described piston has the end of pulling that pushes away of the described collar of correspondence.

6. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: also comprise a location diskware and a driving wheel that is installed in described location diskware that is installed on the described collar bush and has described shoulder face, described driving wheel is to be hollow and annular.

7. numerically controlled lathe main shaft as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise a driving wheel that is installed on the described collar bush.

Images