CN201047306Y - Rotor internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotor internal combustion engine, comprising an outer cylinder, a cylinder end cover, a main shaft, a crank, a connecting rod, a piston, an ignition device, a rotor arranged in the outer cylinder, a fixed gear fixed on a cylinder body, a center gear fixed on the main shaft and a planet gear which is respectively engaged with the fixed gear and the center gear and is connected with a planet gear shaft fixed on the end surface of the rotor. The gear ratio of the three gears is 3:1:1, and when the rotor rotates a round, the cylinder finishes one working cycle. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient repairing, improving the power efficiency and the gas combustion efficiency, thereby bringing good economic benefit, saving energy and being beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

A rotary internal combustion engine

technical field

The utility model relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular to a rotor type internal combustion engine.

Background technique

In today's world, most of the engines used in various power equipment are piston internal combustion engines. The combustion of fuel in the cylinder drives the cylinder piston to reciprocate. Because the suction stroke and power stroke of the piston in this structure are symmetrically equal, and the compression ratio is equal to the expansion ratio, there is a disadvantage that when the gas pressure is still high, it enters the exhaust stroke, which makes the gas power stroke too short and the combustion time short. Fully, so, the power loss is huge. Moreover, the gas distribution mechanism of a traditional engine includes a valve group and a valve train, and the valve train includes parts such as valves, valve guides, valve seats, spring seats, valve springs, lock plates, etc.; the valve train includes rocker arms, rocker shafts , pushrods, tappets, camshafts and timing gears. The entire gas distribution mechanism has a complex structure and is in a state of high-speed friction for a long time, requiring high working precision and high failure rate. In this way, the output capacity of the engine is closely related to the ability of the valve train to withstand high-speed work loads and its life.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the triangular piston rotary engine was successfully developed. Although the rotation of the crankshaft was completely changed to the rotation of the gear, the torque and power were improved; , so the air sealing technology requirements of the triangular piston are high, and the manufacture is difficult. So far decades of popularization and development are not fast, and the reciprocating crankshaft engine is still the main engine.

Patent 01134215.3 discloses a rotor internal combustion engine (as shown in FIG. 1 ) in which two rotors that are placed across each other rotate concentrically with the rotating shaft in an outer case. The rotational speed of each rotor is controlled by a unique cam/roller mechanism. The contour line form of the cam determines the motion law of the rotor. Each rotor has four blades, thus forming eight cylinders. The two air inlets, two air outlets and two ignition plugs (for spark ignition engines) arranged on the outer box are radially symmetrically arranged, and each cylinder will complete two complete engine cycles every time the rotating shaft rotates, so The engine completes a total of sixteen cycles. The intake process, compression process, combustion/expansion process and exhaust process are carried out simultaneously in two diametrically opposite cylinders, so the engine is working. In addition to the effective output torque generated by the combustion gas to the rotating shaft, other forces and moments All constitute an approximate self-balance. In addition, a set of technical solutions is proposed to solve the problems of sealing, lubrication and cooling, and Miller cycle and variable compression ratio technology are also used to improve thermal efficiency. This type of rotary engine has the disadvantages of complex structure, high machining accuracy and low work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a rotor internal combustion engine, which adopts a brand-new design structure, and some parts of it still have high commonality with the parts of the existing engine, and realize the automatic air intake and exhaust of the cylinder through the rotation of the rotor , simplifies the structure of its intake and distribution mechanism, improves the reliability of the work and the rotation performance of the internal combustion engine, and also simplifies the structure of the cooling system, and introduces a differential structure, which increases the working time and achieves fuel saving and reduction. noise and low emission purposes.

The design concept of the present utility model is as follows:

The rotor internal combustion engine includes a cylindrical outer cylinder and a cylindrical rotor that rotates freely in the outer cylinder and maintains a very small clearance. Cylinders and pistons are distributed around the rotor, and the hollow circle of the rotor can accommodate crankshafts, connecting rods, crankshaft bearing sleeves and bearing pads. On the side of the outer cylinder, there is a guide air distribution inner gear, and the rotor planetary gear for air distribution can be installed on one end of the rotor, and the active air distribution gear of the main shaft is fixed on the main shaft, that is, the central gear. Oil nozzle), air intake hole, exhaust hole, through the rotation of the rotor to complete the air distribution of the cylinder.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that:

A rotor internal combustion engine, comprising an outer cylinder, a cylinder end cover, a main shaft, a crankshaft, an integral connecting rod, a piston, an ignition device, and an outer cylinder, which is in the form of a cylinder, and has an air inlet on it and is at least formed with the air inlet. Exhaust holes with a phase difference of 90 degrees, the inlet and exhaust holes are also extended with inlet and exhaust grooves along the inner wall of the outer cylinder;

A rotor, located in the outer cylinder, rotates relative to the inner wall of the outer cylinder with almost zero clearance. It is in the form of a cylinder with a through hole in the middle. There is at least one inner cylinder in the radial direction, the other end of the piston and the connecting rod are arranged in the inner cylinder, and the number of the crankshaft, connecting rod, piston and ignition device corresponds to the number of the inner cylinder;

A fixed gear, fixed on the cylinder block;

a central gear fixed on the main shaft;

A planetary gear meshes with the fixed gear and the sun gear respectively, and is connected with the planetary gear shaft fixed on the end face of the rotor. The transmission ratio of the three gears is 3:1:1;

The rotor rotates once, and each cylinder completes a working cycle.

Preferably, there are two cylinders on the rotor, which are arranged with a phase difference of 180 degrees. The inlet and exhaust holes are strip-shaped holes along the axial direction of the outer cylinder wall, and the length is equivalent to the axial distribution length of the cylinders.

Preferably, there are four cylinders on the rotor, which are arranged with a phase difference of 90 degrees. The inlet and outlet holes are strip-shaped holes along the axial direction of the outer cylinder wall, and the length is equivalent to the axial distribution length of the cylinders.

Preferably, an air storage tank is also included, and the air storage tank communicates with the cylinder wall of the compression stroke and the cylinder wall of the intake stroke of the outer cylinder respectively.

Preferably, a cooling impeller is provided in an end cover of the outer cylinder, which is fixed on the rotor or the main shaft. The cylinder end cover is provided with a cooling medium inlet near the main shaft, and the outer cylinder is provided with a cooling medium outlet.

Preferably, a tile-shaped large hole is respectively opened at the positions of the intake and exhaust holes and the intake and exhaust grooves on the circumferential surface of the outer cylinder, and each cover has a tile-shaped cover with an orifice on the periphery of the orifice. The screw holes for fastening connection of intake pipe and exhaust pipe.

The main features of the operation of the utility model are: the piston pushes the connecting rod to drive the crankshaft to rotate, the crankshaft active gas distribution gear rotates accordingly, the gear drive drives the rotor planetary gear, the planetary gear and the outer cylinder guide the inner gear linkage, and the outer gear is fixed on the outer cylinder It is fixed, so the planetary gear rotates and drives the rotor cylinder itself to rotate. Since the gear transmission ratio is 1:1:3, when the crankshaft rotates for 3 revolutions, the rotor rotates for 1 revolution. In this way, when the piston reciprocates in the cylinder to push the crankshaft to rotate, it also rotates itself (3:1) to complete the gas distribution stroke.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and positive effects due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme:

1. The defects of the gas distribution mechanism in the prior art are avoided. Since there is no complicated gas distribution mechanism and intake and exhaust valves, it is replaced by three gas distribution gears, which reduces the friction and inertia resistance of the gas distribution mechanism in the prior art, reduces the resistance of intake and exhaust, and makes gasoline combustion more efficient. High, its high-speed performance is also improved.

2. Simple structure and easy maintenance. The body of the engine is only an outer cylinder and a barrel-shaped rotor, and the intake and exhaust valves are only two orifices. The structure is simple and the maintenance is more convenient.

3. High versatility with traditional engine parts. Cylinder liner, piston, crank connecting rod etc. of the utility model are all identical with traditional engine.

4. The cooling system is simplified.

5. The introduction of differential tolerance structure improves the working efficiency, which brings good economic benefits, saves energy, reduces noise pollution, and is conducive to environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the assembly diagram of main shaft, crankshaft, connecting rod and piston of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model with a tolerance structure;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the starting position of the intake stroke of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the starting position of the compression stroke of the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the starting position of the power stroke of the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the starting position of the exhaust stroke of the utility model;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder intake and exhaust hole cover of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, an outer cylinder 1 is cylindrical, with an air inlet 9 and an exhaust hole 8 with a phase difference of at least 90 degrees with the air inlet. The phase difference is 90 degrees, the intake hole 9 and the exhaust hole 8 are strip-shaped holes along the axial direction of the outer cylinder wall, and the length is equivalent to the axial distribution length of the cylinder, the length of the intake and exhaust holes 8 and 9 must be completely Covers the width of the axial alignment of all cylinders. Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 at the same time, the starting position of the air intake hole 9 along the circumferential direction is located at a distance away from the radius of the cylinder clockwise at 6 o'clock, that is, the cylinder starts to rotate from the 6 o'clock position and then starts to intake air, and the exhaust hole 8 along the The starting position in the circumferential direction is at the distance away from the cylinder radius clockwise at 3 o'clock, that is, the cylinder starts to rotate from the 3 o'clock position and then starts to exhaust. The air intake hole 9 and the exhaust hole 8 also extend an air intake groove 9' and an exhaust groove 8' respectively along the inner wall circumferential direction of the outer cylinder, so that the cylinder can continue to intake air during the rotation process, The end position of the gas groove 9' along the circumferential direction is located at the distance away from the radius of the cylinder counterclockwise at 9 o'clock, that is, the air intake ends when the cylinder rotates to the 9 o'clock position, and the end position of the exhaust groove 8' along the circumferential direction is located at 6 o'clock. The distance away from the radius of the cylinder counterclockwise at the o'clock, that is, the exhaust ends when the cylinder rotates to the 6 o'clock position.

In another embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 11, a tile-shaped large hole can also be opened on the outer cylinder 1 at the position where the air intake hole 9 and the air intake groove 9' are located, and a large hole is covered on it. A tile-shaped cover 112 with an orifice 111, the periphery of the orifice is provided with a screw hole 114 for the air intake pipe and the exhaust pipe to be tightly connected, so as to solve the problem of processing the air intake groove, and also can realize air intake. Exhaust hole 8 and exhaust groove 8 ' also can be designed by such structure, tile-shaped cover 112 can be fixed with outer cylinder 1 by four screws 113, and cylinder is inhaled or exhausted from aperture 111.

As shown in Figure 2, an ignition device and a fuel injection device 7 are also provided on the outer cylinder 1, which are located at 12 o'clock. The actual design position of the device can be adjusted within the diameter range of the inner cylinder, such as early or late ignition. After that, its number and axial position correspond to the number and position of cylinders. In an internal combustion engine, the ignition device and the fuel injection device 7 are designed on one busbar.

Both sides of the outer cylinder 1 are respectively provided with end caps 2 which are circular and whose diameter is the same as that of the outer wall of the outer cylinder 1 . The center of the end cover 2 is respectively provided with a through hole 21 whose diameter corresponds to the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 can extend into the through hole 21, and a bearing is lined in the middle. The end cover 2 is fixed to the two walls of the outer cylinder 1 by means of bolt connection. There is a cooling impeller 22 inside the outer cylinder end cover 2, which is fixed on the rotor 10 or the main shaft 3. In this embodiment, the cooling impeller 22 is fixed on the rotor 10, and with the rotation of the rotor 10, centrifugal force is generated to make the cooling medium flow. Play a cooling role. A cooling medium inlet 23 is opened on the cylinder end cover 2 near the main shaft 3, and a cooling medium outlet 24 is opened on the outer cylinder 1. The cooling medium can be water, oil or air. A lubricating oil filling hole 25 and a lubricating oil draining hole 26 with a phase difference of 180 degrees from the lubricating oil filling hole 25 are provided on the wall of the outer cylinder 1 close to the right end cover 2 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rotor 10 is cylindrical and placed in the outer cylinder 1. The diameter of the outer wall of the rotor 10 is almost the same as the diameter of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and there is almost zero clearance (very small) with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. gap) relative rotation. There is a through hole in the middle of the rotor 10, and one end of the main shaft 3, the crankshaft 4 and the connecting rod 5 is accommodated in the through hole. In this embodiment, a fixed gear 14 is fixed on the right inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the two are not connected. There is a relative displacement. A through hole 121 is opened on the right end surface of the rotor 10 , the gear shaft of the planetary gear 12 extends vertically into it, and is fixed with the rotor 10 . Other fixing methods can also be used. The planetary gear 12 meshes with the fixed gear 14 and a central gear 13, and the transmission ratio of the three gears is 1:3:1. When the planetary gear 12 rotates in the circumferential direction with the rotor 10, it also performs a circular motion around its own center. The wall of the rotor 10 is radially provided with at least one inner cylinder 11, the other end of the piston 6 and the connecting rod 5 is arranged in the inner cylinder 11, the number and position of the inner cylinder 11 are the same as those of the crankshaft 4, the connecting rod 5, the piston 6, The number and position of the ignition device 7 correspond. In this embodiment, four inner cylinders are arranged on the wall of the rotor 10 in a cross distribution, that is, they are arranged with a phase difference of 90 degrees. If the number is more than four inner cylinders, the extra inner cylinders can repeat the above four phases. any of the . Also can open two inner cylinders on the rotor 10, become 180 degree of phase difference arrangements. The rotor 10 rotates once, and each cylinder completes one working cycle. A bearing seat 27 is provided on the left end surface of the rotor 10 , and a bearing 28 is provided between the main shaft 3 and the bearing seat 27 for supporting the rotor 10 . The inner cavity on the right side between the rotor 10 and the main shaft 3 is also provided with a bearing seat 29, and a bearing 31 is arranged between the main shaft 3 and the bearing seat 29, which is also used to support the rotor 10. There is an opening in the bearing seat 29, which can Let the lubricating oil flow in.

The working process of the present utility model is as follows:

As shown in Figure 6, the cylinder and piston 6 are located at the beginning of the intake stroke, that is, the 6 o'clock position, and the cylinder volume is the smallest at this time. The intake stroke starts, the main shaft 3 rotates, the crankshaft 4 drives the piston 6 to move towards the axis through the connecting rod 5, the volume of the cylinder increases, the inhaled gas increases, and the rotor rotates clockwise at the same time.

As shown in Figure 7, the rotor rotates 90 degrees, and when the cylinder and piston 6 reach the 9 o'clock position, the volume of the cylinder is the largest at this moment, and just leaves the intake groove 9', and no longer inhales gas. The rotor continues to rotate clockwise, the piston 6 starts to compress the stroke, and the volume of the cylinder gradually decreases.

As shown in Figure 8, the rotor continues to rotate 90 degrees, and when the cylinder and piston 6 rotate to face the ignition device and fuel injection device 7 at 12 o'clock, the cylinder volume is the smallest and the compression stroke ends. At this time, the ignition device and fuel injection device 7 ignite or inject, and the high-pressure mixture gas burns to perform work.

As shown in Figure 9, the rotor continues to rotate, the cylinder enters the power stroke, and the volume of the cylinder becomes larger, pushing the piston 6 to move downward. When the cylinder and the piston 6 rotate to the 3 o'clock position, the cylinder volume is the largest, and the power stroke ends. The rotor continues to rotate to start the exhaust stroke, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 8, the volume of the cylinder gradually decreases, the cylinder and the piston 6 return to the position shown in Figure 6, and a working cycle ends.

A kind of embodiment of tolerance type structure is given below:

As shown in FIG. 5 , the air storage tank 30 communicates with the cylinder wall of the compression stroke and the cylinder wall of the intake stroke of the outer cylinder respectively. The air storage hole 31 of the air storage tank 30 is located at a position deviated from the radius of the cylinder clockwise along the circumference at 9 o'clock, and extends for a distance X, that is, after the air intake of the cylinder enters the compression stroke, it communicates with the air intake hole 31 of the air storage tank. A part of the gas, the air return hole 32 of the gas storage tank 30 is located at a position that deviates from the cylinder radius clockwise along the circumferential direction at 6 o'clock, that is, the initial position of the original air intake hole 9, and the original air intake hole 9 deviates a certain distance clockwise along the circumferential direction X, the length of this segment is proportional to the difference capacity. That is, after the cylinder enters the intake stroke, the air is sucked from the air storage tank, and then the air is sucked from the air intake hole 9. In this way, the intake stroke is shortened, and in the compression stroke, the effective compression stroke becomes smaller, while the power stroke remains unchanged, so that the expansion ratio is greater than the compression ratio, so as to achieve the effects of fuel saving, noise reduction and low emission.

Claims (6)

1. a rotor internal-combustion engine comprises outside cylinder, cylinder end piece, and main shaft, bent axle, connecting rod, piston, ignition mechanism is characterized in that also comprising:

Outside cylinder is cylindrical tube, have on it inlet hole with inlet hole become at least 90 the degree phase differences exhaust port, described inlet and outlet hole also is extended with the inlet and outlet groove along the inwall of outside cylinder;

One rotor, be positioned at outside cylinder, almost being the zero clearance with the outside cylinder inwall relatively rotates, it is cylindrical body, the centre has a through hole, and an end of main shaft, crankshaft-and-connecting-rod is arranged in this through hole, radially has at least one inside cylinder on the wall of rotor, the other end of piston and connecting rod is located in the inside cylinder, and the quantity of described bent axle, connecting rod, piston, ignition mechanism is corresponding with the quantity of inside cylinder;

One fixed gear is fixed on the outside cylinder;

One central gear is fixed on the main shaft;

One planet gear, with fixed gear and central gear engagement, planet pin is fixedlyed connected with rotor respectively, and the velocity ratio of three gears is 3: 1: 1;

Rotor rotates a circle, and cylinder is finished a work cycle.

2. rotor internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: have two cylinders on the described rotor, become 180 degree phase differences to arrange, described inlet and outlet hole be the bar hole on axial along the outside cylinder wall, and the axial distribution length of length and cylinder is suitable.

3. rotor internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: have four cylinders on the described rotor, become 90 degree phase differences to arrange, described inlet and outlet hole be the bar hole on axial along the outside cylinder wall, and the axial distribution length of length and cylinder is suitable.

4. as claim 2 or 3 described rotor internal-combustion engines, it is characterized in that: also comprise a gas holder, gas holder is communicated with the compression stroke casing wall and the intake stroke casing wall of outside cylinder respectively.

5. rotor internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: be provided with a cooling wheel in described outside cylinder one end cap, be fixed on rotor or the main shaft, the nearly main spindle's of cylinder end piece has cooling medium inlet, has the cooling medium outlet on the outside cylinder.

6. as claim 1 or 5 described rotor internal-combustion engines, it is characterized in that: on the outside cylinder circumferential surface, respectively have one watt of shape macropore, respectively be covered with a watt shape cover that has an aperture on it in the position of inlet and outlet hole and inlet and outlet groove.

Images