CN201024661Y - A composite template - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite material template, it includes core (1), its characterized in that core (1) surface is opened flutedly (2), has laid fibre cloth layer (3) at the upper and lower surface of core (1) to can be equipped with on crossing department along the thickness direction of core (1) of recess (2) as required and perforate (4), pack resin column (5) in perforation (4). Use the utility model discloses compare with other templates at present, its biggest characteristics are light, high strength, can obviously improve concrete construction speed to can save the operating expenses, also applicable to the concrete construction under the special conditions simultaneously.

Description

A composite template

technical field

The utility model relates to a novel composite material template, which is a high-performance lightweight template, which can be widely used in construction industry and other civil construction fields.

Background technique

Construction formwork is mainly used in various types of concrete construction. At present, the concrete forms commonly used in the construction industry include wood-glued formwork, bamboo-glued formwork, and steel formwork. These types of templates have the following characteristics:

Wood-glued formwork and bamboo-glued formwork are easy to deform and have a short service life. The quality of concrete poured with wood-glued formwork and bamboo-glued formwork is limited. In addition, due to the increasing shortage of bamboo and wood resources, the production costs of wood-glued formwork and bamboo-glued formwork are increasing day by day.

Steel formwork cannot meet the requirements of formwork for complex concrete members. Because steel formwork is usually produced according to certain standard specifications, in complex concrete structures, it is difficult for steel formwork to meet the requirements of concrete members for formwork. The steel formwork is heavy, and it is inevitable to use construction machinery for installation and disassembly during use, which increases the construction cost.

All of the above are the deficiencies of the commonly used templates now.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a composite material formwork for the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following measures:

A composite material template, which includes a core material 1, is characterized in that a groove 2 is opened on the surface of the core material 1, and fiber cloth layers 3 are laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1.

When the core material 1 adopts polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir, oak or plywood, the core material 1 can be slotted and punched. Grid-shaped grooves 2 can be set on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1, and at the same time, perforations 4 are set at the intersection of the grooves 2 along the thickness direction of the core material 1, and fiber cloth layers are laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1. 3. A resin column 5 is filled in the perforation 4 .

Wherein, the grooves 2 are preferably arranged in parallel and intersect; the grooves 2 are further preferably arranged orthogonally; the grooves 2 can also be adjusted to intersect at any other angle as required.

The groove 2 can be pointed, rectangular, open triangle or any other shape.

The perforation 4 is arranged on the groove 2, and it is circular, oval, square, rhombus or other shapes.

The fiber cloth layer 3 includes: uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth.

The resin includes: unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin.

The number of layers of the fiber cloth layer 3 arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1 can be consistent or inconsistent, and the laying direction and number of layers of the fiber cloth layer 3 can be flexibly adjusted according to needs.

The above-mentioned composite material formwork can be manufactured by various methods such as hand lay-up process, vacuum bag forming process, vacuum introduction forming process or RTM forming process.

Formwork made of composite materials has the following advantages:

Composite formwork has the characteristics of high strength and high rigidity. The panels of the composite formwork are made of high-strength, high-elastic-modulus fiber materials, and at the same time, the large section moment of inertia obtained by cleverly using the lightweight core material can enable the composite formwork to obtain greater compressive strength and stiffness. Make the template not easy to deform.

The composite formwork panel has good bonding performance with the core material, and it is not easy to peel off the panel and the core material to cause shelling. Because the present invention makes grooves on the core material, holes are made on the grooves, and resin is filled in the grooves and holes. Through the above construction measures, the anti-peeling ability between the panel and the core material can be significantly enhanced, the cooperative work performance between the core material and the panel can be improved, and the compression and shear resistance of the core material can be significantly improved, so that the composite material formwork The overall mechanical performance has been significantly improved, and the gluing performance has been greatly improved compared with the plywood formwork.

Composite formwork has the characteristics of light weight. It can be seen from the accompanying drawing 3 that the core material accounts for most of the volume of the formwork, and the density of this type of core material itself is very low, so the self-weight of the formwork can be effectively reduced. Using this formwork for concrete construction, construction personnel can manually operate formwork support and formwork removal, which does not occupy mechanical equipment and saves machinery costs. The speed of formwork support and formwork removal is significantly accelerated, improving work efficiency and saving construction time.

Composite formwork has good corrosion resistance and is suitable for the construction of special concrete. The surface of the upper and lower panels of the composite formwork is covered with fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth is impregnated with resin, and then bonded with the core material. The panel made of fiber cloth and resin can effectively prevent the corrosion of various chemical reagents, and can be applied to concrete construction under special conditions. For example, concrete construction of harbor engineering, various underwater concrete construction, etc.

The thermal insulation performance of the composite material formwork is very good, and it is suitable for concrete construction in winter or concrete construction in alpine regions. The core materials involved in this template, such as polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, paulownia wood, balsa wood, etc., are poor conductors of heat, which makes the template have good thermal insulation performance. During concrete construction in winter or in alpine areas, due to the low temperature, the concrete cannot be effectively consolidated by using general bamboo wood formwork or steel formwork, so the nominal strength cannot be achieved; if composite material formwork is used for construction, Since the thermal insulation performance of the formwork is very good, it can effectively maintain the heat of the concrete hydration reaction, ensure the normal curing of the concrete, and ensure that it can reach the nominal strength, which is very beneficial to the concrete construction at low temperature.

The on-site processing of the composite material formwork is convenient and adaptable. In some concrete construction, it is usually necessary to process the formwork on site to meet the complex shape requirements of buildings or structures. The commonly used steel formwork is inconvenient to process on site, and the rigidity and strength of bamboo and wood formwork are limited, which cannot meet the quality requirements of concrete construction. When encountering complex concrete construction, composite material formwork only needs simple tools on site, such as Knives, saws, etc. can be processed into suitable shapes according to needs.

Composite formwork has high turnover times and long service life. The panel formed by curing the resin and fiber cloth has high strength, which can effectively prevent wear and tear during use. Relatively speaking, the turnover times of ordinary bamboo and wood templates are only 3 to 5 times, while the turnover times of this template can reach more than 20 times. In addition, due to the tight bonding between the face plate and the core material, the formwork resists various impacts common in construction, which greatly improves the turnover times and service life of the formwork.

The demoulding time of the composite material formwork is fast and the maintenance is convenient. The resin-impregnated fiber material used in this formwork has a weak bond with concrete, far less than the bond between steel formwork and concrete. Therefore, the demoulding of concrete can be done manually without the aid of construction machinery, the demoulding speed is fast, and the maintenance of the formwork after demoulding is convenient, and the formwork can be cleaned with simple tools.

Composite formwork is easy to repair. If there is a small damage to the composite formwork, you only need to seal the damaged part with a binder such as resin, and then it can be used after curing for one to two days, and the repair cost is low; if there is a large damage that cannot be repaired, you can also use The intact part is cut into small pieces of formwork for future use, which fully improves the utilization rate of the formwork.

The composite formwork has a smooth surface and high flatness, and can be used for the construction of high-quality concrete such as "clear water" concrete. With the progress of society, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of concrete. This is not only the requirement for strength, but also the requirement for the quality of concrete appearance. Therefore, "clear water" concrete that does not need to be demoulded and decorated does not appear. The commonly used steel formwork is often difficult to meet the requirements of "clear water" concrete after demoulding due to its many joints; and the bamboo-wood plywood is often not easy to meet the requirements due to its low rigidity and large deformation. The composite material formwork proposed by the utility model has a flat and smooth surface and relatively small construction deformation, which ensures the appearance requirements and quality requirements of the concrete after demoulding.

Composite formwork is inexpensive and can save construction costs. With the large-scale production of various fiber materials in my country, their cost has been decreasing day by day, and has reached an acceptable level; as another component material of the formwork, core materials including various foams and balsa wood have been widely used in my country. Production, the price is very low; various resins used as binders have also been produced on a large scale, and the price is also very low. With the large-scale production of products, the cost of the template will be further reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of using this formwork to pour concrete.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the template structure after the core material is grooved and punched.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the template structure when the groove is not perforated.

In the drawings: 1 is the core material; 2 is the groove; 3 is the fiber cloth layer; 4 is the perforation; 5 is the resin column; 6 is the concrete.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described further:

The formwork consists of three parts, the outermost layer is the panel, which mainly bears the normal stress caused by bending deformation, and is made of high-strength, high-modulus materials, such as laminated carbon fiber or glass fiber cloth; the middle is the core material, which is the interlayer The structure provides sufficient section moment of inertia and mainly bears shear stress. Materials such as polyurethane foam and balsa wood are commonly used. There is an adhesive layer between the panel and the core material, and the two are bonded together by resin, such as unsaturated polyester and vinyl resin.

Example 1

The composite material template of the present utility model comprises a core material 1 made of polyvinyl chloride foam, and grid-shaped grooves 2 are opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1. The grooves 2 are pointed, and at the intersection of the grooves 2 A circular perforation 4 is provided along the thickness direction of the core material 1, two layers of biaxial carbon fiber cloth are laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1, and vinyl resin columns are filled in the circular perforation 4.

Example 2

The composite material formwork of the present utility model, it comprises the core material 1 of paulownia wood material, has the groove 2 of transverse rectangle parallel to each other and the groove 2 of vertical rectangle parallel to each other on the upper and lower surface of core material 1, but transverse rectangle The groove and the vertical rectangular groove intersect at an acute angle, and at the same time, an elliptical perforation 4 is provided along the thickness direction of the core material 1 at their intersection, and three layers of four-axis glass fiber are laid on the upper surface of the core material 1 As for the cloth layer, there are three layers of aramid fiber cloth layers on the lower surface of the core material 1, and an epoxy resin column is filled in the oval perforation 4.

As described in Embodiment 1, when perforating, the number and arrangement of the perforations 4 can be flexibly controlled at the intersection of the transverse groove and the longitudinal groove according to needs.

Example 3

The composite material formwork of the present utility model, it comprises the core material 1 of plywood material, on the upper and lower surface of core material 1 open the groove 2 of orthogonal opening triangle, at the same time at the intersection of opening triangle groove along the thickness of core material 1 There are square perforations 4 in the direction, and two layers of glass/aramid hybrid fiber cloth are laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1, and phenolic resin columns are filled in the square perforations 4.

The preparation method of the composite material formwork of above-mentioned embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 is as follows:

1. On the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1 of foam (including: polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, carbon foam, etc.) or balsa wood (including: Balsa wood, paulownia wood, fir, oak, plywood, etc.) (The shape of the groove can include: pointed, rectangular, open triangle, etc.);

2. Perforate along the thickness direction of the grooved core material 1. The holes are arranged at the intersection of the grooves 2. The holes are generally circular, and can also be oval, square, rhombus and other shapes;

3. The processed core material 1 can be processed into beams, plates, and shells according to the needs of components;

4. Lay one or more layers of fiber cloth (including: uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth, etc.) on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material 1, and Placed in a vacuum bag or mold;

5. Fill the resin (including: unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, etc.) into the vacuum bag or mold through vacuum introduction molding process or RTM molding process or vacuum bag process;

6. According to the needs, the resin can be cured under special conditions such as normal temperature and pressure or high temperature and high pressure. After the resin is cured and formed, the components can be taken out.

At this time, the fiber cloth and the resin are solidified into a panel, and the groove 2 filled with resin can obviously enhance the anti-peeling ability between the panel and the core material, and the perforation 4 filled with resin becomes a cylindrical resin column, which can obviously improve the strength of the core material. 1 compression and shear resistance, you can get a new type of composite template.

Among them: the type and height of the core material 1, the shape and size of the groove 2, the arrangement and aperture of the perforation 4, the laying direction of the fiber cloth, the type and number of layers, and the type of resin can be flexibly adjusted according to needs.

Claims (10)

1. A composite material template, which comprises a core material (1), is characterized in that the surface of the core material (1) has a groove (2), and a fiber cloth layer (3) is laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the core material (1) . 2. The composite material formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves (2) are arranged in parallel, intersecting, orthogonal or other mesh-like arrangement on the surface of the core material (1). 3. The composite material template according to claim 1, characterized in that the core material (1) is provided with perforations (4) along its thickness direction, and the perforations (4) are filled with resin columns (5). 4. The composite material template according to claim 3, characterized in that the perforation (4) is located in the groove (2). 5. The composite material template according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that perforations (4) are provided along the thickness direction of the core material (1) at the intersection of the grooves (2). 6. The composite material template according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the groove (2) is triangle, circle, ellipse, square or rhombus. 7. The composite material template according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the groove (2) is pointed, rectangular or open triangle. 8. The composite material template according to claim 1, characterized in that the core material (1) is made of polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, carbon foam, Balsa wood, paulownia wood, Chinese fir, oak or plywood. 9. The composite material template according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber cloth layer (3) is uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth . 10. The composite material template according to claim 3, characterized in that said resin is unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin.

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