CN201015031Y - Active clamp circuit for limiting peak voltage - Google Patents
Active clamp circuit for limiting peak voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN201015031Y CN201015031Y CNU2007200006291U CN200720000629U CN201015031Y CN 201015031 Y CN201015031 Y CN 201015031Y CN U2007200006291 U CNU2007200006291 U CN U2007200006291U CN 200720000629 U CN200720000629 U CN 200720000629U CN 201015031 Y CN201015031 Y CN 201015031Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a limit peak voltage's initiative clamp circuit, this initiative clamp circuit is including a main switch unit and a pair switch unit of control transformer coil current, stagger with this main switch unit by a signal acquisition unit, a zero point discrimination unit, a feedback unit and the switching ON cycle of a pulse wave control unit control this pair switch unit to the buffer space of the transient voltage variation of can tolerating is formed with the switching ON cycle of this main switch unit to control this pair switch unit. The utility model discloses by controlling this initiative clamp circuit's duty cycle, produce transient state energy buffer space, and can avoid transformer coil saturation, and have low loss and implement simple and convenient advantage simultaneously, be suitable for very much the practicality.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of active clamping circuit, particularly relates to a kind of active clamping circuit of peak limiting voltage, and it is that the turn-on cycle of mat control active clamping circuit comes the control transformer exciting curent, avoids the saturated circuit of transformer coil.
Background technology
Seeing also shown in Figure 1ly, is existing known active clamping circuit synoptic diagram.Existing known active clamping circuit, it mainly is the staggered unlatching that utilizes 5 control one main switch unit 11, a pulse wave modulation unit and an auxiliary switch unit 12, the exciting curent size of controlling a transformer 2 coils is to regulate output power, the rectification unit of forming through one or two on-off element SW3, SW4 is converted to direct current power output, have a reset unit 4 in addition and produce a back coupling, the signal of this back coupling is delivered to this pulse wave modulation unit 5 and is adjusted output to cooperate the change of load transient state.
See also shown in Figure 2, it is the oscillogram that has known active clamping circuit now, the waveform of its generation as shown in Figure 2, when transient current change excessive and will cause transformer saturated when surpassing the saturated critical line 103 of coil, and then generation burst current 102, though the integrated circuit (IC) chip (IC) that pulse wave modulation unit 5 now uses all has the function of overcurrent protection, but this excess current protective function is to limit the exciting curent of this transformer 2 and the maximum magnitude of load current sum total, and when load current is very low, exciting curent but might be too high, but before not reaching the maximum magnitude that this excess current protective function limits, can't stop this exciting curent and rise to that this transformer is full to be closed, this excess current is full closes function and closes and make burst current this main switch unit 11 occur promptly closing to eliminate burst current when this transformer is full, but the burst current that occurs in a flash before closing is through the mutual induction in transformer coil two ends, on this main switch unit 11, produce very high surge voltage 101, destruction to power supply unit is very big, and this is existing problem in the existing known techniques; And existing known clamp circuit control is as United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 441, No. 146 " Optimal resetting of the transformer ' s core insingle-ended forward converters " is to utilize two staggered conductings that switch is simple, because this patent does not have the mechanism of control two switch conduction sequential, transformer may reach to satisfy and close when transient state, close along with transformer is full and produce that transient response is bad, transient state noise and the superpotential phenomenon when saturated, cause the bad or circuit component of output quality that the anxiety of damage is arranged; " decide voltage clamp and draw forward switched power supply device " that No. the 312869th, TaiWan, China patent announcement is arranged afterwards again, this previous patent is to utilize a clamp inductance and diode that excess energy is stored to an electric capacity, when the coil sensibility reciprocal of setting this clamp inductance and transformer primary side is identical, the charge and discharge energy of this electric capacity equates, can suppress coil reaches capacity, and the problem of this patent is to increase above-mentioned element and can causes loss to increase and lower efficiency, and above-mentioned this clamp inductance sensibility reciprocal must be just the same with transformer primary side sensibility reciprocal, if both sensibility reciprocal differences promptly cause both not match, then produce power flows to unbalanced problem, and the coupling of last two inductance of enforcement is quite difficult; Therefore still need improve the control method of active clamping circuit, it be had avoid saturated and have low-loss and the advantage that is easy to implement simultaneously.
This shows that above-mentioned existing active clamping circuit obviously still has inconvenience and defective, and demands urgently further being improved in structure and use.For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, relevant manufacturer there's no one who doesn't or isn't seeks solution painstakingly, but do not see always that for a long time suitable design finished by development, and common product does not have appropriate structure to address the above problem, this obviously is the problem that the anxious desire of relevant dealer solves.Therefore how to found a kind of active clamping circuit of peak limiting voltage of new structure, real one of the current important research and development problem that belongs to, also becoming the current industry utmost point needs improved target.
Because the defective that above-mentioned existing active clamping circuit exists, the design people is based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacturing abundant for many years practical experience and professional knowledge, and the utilization of cooperation scientific principle, actively studied innovation, active clamping circuit in the hope of the peak limiting voltage of founding a kind of new structure, can improve general existing active clamping circuit, make it have more practicality.Through constantly research, design, and, create the utility model that has practical value finally through after studying sample and improvement repeatedly.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present utility model is, overcome the defective that existing active clamping circuit exists, and provide a kind of active clamping circuit of peak limiting voltage of new structure, technical matters to be solved is to make its work period by this active clamping circuit of control, produce the transient state energy cushion space, and can avoid transformer coil saturated, thereby be suitable for practicality more.
The purpose of this utility model and to solve its technical matters be to adopt following technical scheme to realize.Active clamping circuit according to a kind of peak limiting voltage that the utility model proposes, it is the transforming circuit that is electrically connected at a power supply unit, this transforming circuit includes the transformer of a power conversion, one drives this transformer and produces the pulse wave modulation unit of a clock pulse signal, an and reset unit that is electrically connected at this transformer and this pulse wave modulation unit, wherein this active clamping circuit is in order to control the size of current of this transformer, wherein: this active clamping circuit comprises: a signal capturing unit is to electrically connect the primary side of this transformer to obtain output one acquiring signal; One zero point judgement unit, it is to electrically connect this signal capturing unit receiving this acquiring signal, and defines the plural critical point of this acquiring signal cycle variation according to the maximal value of this acquiring signal and minimum value; One back coupling unit, be to electrically connect this signal capturing unit to receive this acquiring signal, size according to this acquiring signal produces one first feedback current, in addition from transformer primary side shunting acquisition one second feedback current, and this first feedback current and this second feedback current are confluxed is one the 3rd feedback current; An one main switch unit and an auxiliary switch unit be to electrically connect this transformer and control its current path, and this main switch unit are to produce its conducting sequential by this pulse wave modulation unit; An and pulse wave control module, be subjected to unlatching (ON) that the critical point of the 3rd feedback current, this time pulse signal and this judgement unit definition at zero point triggers this auxiliary switch unit of control and close (OFF), the exciting curent cycle of staggering and forming this transformer with this main switch unit.
The purpose of this utility model and solve its technical matters and can also be able to be further achieved by the following technical measures.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, wherein said signal capturing unit are to utilize an ancillary coil at the other acquiring signal that induces with coil current scaled down or amplification of transformer.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, wherein said signal capturing unit comprise that more a peak detects maximal value and the minimum value that the unit defines this acquiring signal to peak value.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, but wherein said signal capturing unit is to utilize the semiconductor element of an equal proportion amplified current to obtain acquiring signal with coil voltage scaled down or amplification.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, the current cycle of wherein said transformer are divided into electric current and are the positive half cycle of fixed slope rising and the negative half period that electric current is another fixed slope decline.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, wherein said zero point, judgement unit utilized semiconductor element to connect the two ends of this ancillary coil, make this acquiring signal when electric current changes, make this semiconductor element open (ON) or close (OFF), to detect the plural critical point that this transformer current cycle changes.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, have more a lower limit voltage quasi position in the wherein said pulse wave control module, when the negative half period in this transformer current cycle causes output voltage to be lower than this lower limit voltage quasi position because of zero load excessively prolongs, then stop to prolong this negative half period.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage is to utilize a zener diode (Zener diode) to produce the lower limit voltage quasi position in the wherein said pulse wave control module.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, the time pulse signal that wherein said pulse wave modulation unit produces are the maximum cycle restrictions that produces this auxiliary switch cell conduction.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, the time pulse signal that wherein said pulse wave modulation unit produces is to close this auxiliary switch unit with the positive edge of signal.
The active clamping circuit of aforesaid peak limiting voltage, wherein said back coupling unit are to utilize a voltage-controlled current source, according to the size generation inversely proportional electric current of this acquiring signal.
The utility model compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.Via as can be known above, in order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of active clamping circuit of peak limiting voltage, it is the transforming circuit that is electrically connected at a power supply unit, this transforming circuit includes the transformer of a power conversion, the one pulse wave modulation unit and that drives this transformer and produce a clock pulse signal is electrically connected at the reset unit of this transformer and this pulse wave modulation unit, and this active clamping circuit comprises a main switch unit, one auxiliary switch unit, one zero point judgement unit, one ancillary coil, one peak detects the unit to peak value, an one back coupling unit and a pulse wave control module, this pulse wave modulation unit is the action of this main switch unit of control with the flow through electric current of this transformer of change, and this ancillary coil is to produce from the induction of transformer primary side to produce this acquiring signal, this, this acquiring signal of judgement unit mat was judged the action of main switch unit at zero point, promote this auxiliary switch cell conduction and accept to trigger the back by this pulse wave control module, it is a feedback current that this acquiring signal more detects the electric current distributing and converging that unit and this back coupling unit produce an electric current and transformer primary side by this peak to peak value, this feedback current is controlled closing of this auxiliary switch unit, and this auxiliary switch unit close to that this main switch unit opens during form the cushion space that a tolerable transient voltage changes.
By technique scheme, the active clamping circuit of the utility model peak limiting voltage has following advantage at least: the turn-on cycle of main switch of the present utility model unit and this auxiliary switch unit is all and staggers, and the space that has reservation between both turn-on cycles, when zero load, because this main switch unit and auxiliary switch cell conduction cycle are not long, make the space broadening of this reservation, when load constantly increases, can extending for the turn-on cycle of this main switch unit and auxiliary switch unit in the space of this reservation, and makes its transformer coil electric current not cause transformer to be satisfied when the maximum turn-on cycle of this main switch unit to close; Therefore, foregoing circuit can by control this auxiliary switch unit close (OFF) to this main switch unit open once more (ON) during, forming one can be in response to the reservation nargin of variation in voltage, so when load change, the cycle of this main switch cell conduction can be reserved at this and extend in nargin to improve output, and reserve trouble free service in the nargin at this, can not cause transformer saturated because of the electric current change.The utility model produced the transient state energy cushion space, and can avoid transformer coil saturated by the work period of this active clamping circuit of control, and had low-loss and the advantage that is easy to implement simultaneously, was very suitable for practicality.
In sum, the utility model is the active clamping circuit of relevant a kind of peak limiting voltage, this active clamping circuit comprises a main switch unit and an auxiliary switch unit of control transformer coil current, be mat one signal capturing unit, one zero point judgement unit, one feedback conducting (ON) cycle and this main switch unit that unit and a pulse wave control module control this auxiliary switch unit and stagger, and the turn-on cycle of controlling this auxiliary switch unit and this main switch unit is to form the cushion space of tolerable transient voltage variation.The utlity model has above-mentioned plurality of advantages and practical value, no matter it all has bigger improvement on product structure or function, obvious improvement is arranged technically, and produced handy and practical effect, and more existing active clamping circuit has the outstanding effect of enhancement, thereby being suitable for practicality more, and having the extensive value of industry, really is a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solutions of the utility model, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present utility model, and can be implemented according to the content of instructions, and for above-mentioned and other purposes, feature and advantage of the present utility model can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and conjunction with figs., be described in detail as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing known active clamping circuit synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the oscillogram that has known active clamping circuit now.
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of the active clamping circuit of the utility model peak limiting voltage.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment circuit diagram of the active clamping circuit of the utility model peak limiting voltage.
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of the active clamping circuit embodiment of the utility model peak limiting voltage.
Embodiment
For further setting forth the utility model is to reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to its embodiment of active clamping circuit, structure, feature and effect thereof according to the peak limiting voltage that the utility model proposes, describe in detail as after.
Circuit framework of the present utility model sees also shown in Figure 3ly, and the active clamping circuit of the peak limiting voltage of the utility model preferred embodiment comprises that one is controlled by the main switch unit 11 and an auxiliary switch unit 12 of a pulse wave modulation unit 5, wherein:
The exciting curent cycle of a transformer 2 primary sides in the conducting control power supply unit of this main switch unit 11 and auxiliary switch unit 12, wherein: the exciting curent cycle of this transformer 2 is divided into electric current and is the positive half cycle of fixed slope rising and the negative half period that electric current is another fixed slope decline, and respond to a voltage by the secondary side of this transformer 2, and by two on-off element SW3, the rectification unit that SW4 forms is converted to direct current power output, this pulse wave modulation unit 5 produces a clock pulse signal CLK simultaneously and uses for a synchronous rectification driver element 3, this synchronous rectification driver element 3 utilizes this time pulse signal CLK to detect the action of this main switch unit 11 and auxiliary switch unit 12, to control two on-off element SW3 of this rectification unit, the SW4 synchronization action;
Again, other is provided with a reset unit 4 and obtains signal back coupling to this pulse wave modulation unit 5, so that adjust the work period of this main switch unit 11 along with load change from input end;
And the coil excitation electric current that produces when making load change big is in security interval that can not be saturated, the utility model be utilize a peak to peak value detect unit 6, one zero point judgement unit 7, feedback the turn-on cycle that unit 8 and a pulse wave control module 9 control these auxiliary switch unit 12, make to have the nargin that the tolerance transient voltage changes between cycle of this main switch unit 11 and 12 conductings of auxiliary switch unit, wherein:
This peak detects unit 6 to peak value, be on these transformer 2 first siding rings, to obtain the acquiring signal that amplifies or dwindle with first siding ring voltage equal proportion, this peak detects unit 6 to peak value and can utilize an ancillary coil 61 to obtain this acquiring signal, and detects the maximal value and the minimum value of this acquiring signal;
Then utilize judgement unit 7 at this at zero point, the maximal value of this acquiring signal of mat and minimum value detect the plural critical point that this acquiring signal cycle changes, can learn the action of this main switch unit 11 by this plural number critical point, and by the action of differentiating this main switch unit 11 make conducting opportunity of this auxiliary switch unit 12 can be really and this main switch unit 11 stagger;
This pulse wave control module 9, the time pulse signal CLK that accepts this pulse wave modulation unit 5 triggers, and then makes this auxiliary switch unit 12 premature closures, makes this main switch unit 11 just can conducting after this auxiliary switch unit 12 is closed;
Again, this feedbacks unit 8, also produce one first feedback current Ib and deliver to this pulse wave control module 9 according to being in proportion of this acquiring signal, the action of these pulse wave control module 9 these auxiliary switch unit 12 of control, and during 12 conductings of this auxiliary switch unit, mat one loop captures one second feedback current Is from transformer 2 coil currents in addition, this first feedback current Ib confluxes into one the 3rd feedback current with this second feedback current Is, the 3rd feedback current triggers this pulse wave control module 9 and closes this auxiliary switch unit 12, the opportunity of utilizing this auxiliary switch unit 12 of the 3rd feedback current size decision to close, make this auxiliary switch unit 12 close (turn OFF) to this main switch unit 11 open once more (turn ON) during, forming one can be in response to the reservation nargin of variation in voltage, so when load change, the cycle of these main switch unit 11 conductings can be reserved at this and extend in nargin to improve output, and reserve trouble free service in the nargin at this, can not cause transformer saturated because of the variation of electric current.
See also the 3rd figure, shown in the 4th figure and the 5th figure, it is the circuit block diagram of the active clamping circuit embodiment of the utility model peak limiting voltage, circuit diagram and oscillogram, can be so that understand the concrete enforcement circuit in this calcspar and the waveform of action, this peak detects unit 6 to peak value, utilize an ancillary coil 61 other at transformer 2, the acquiring signal that induction one and coil primary side voltage equal proportion are amplified or dwindled, through capacitor C 1, C2 and diode D4, the peak that D5 forms detects maximal value and the minimum value that this acquiring signal is obtained in unit 6 to peak value, in resistance R 3, in R7 and transistor Q2 form zero point judgement unit 7,61 liang of base stage and emitter-base bandgap gradings that are terminated at this transistor Q2 of this ancillary coil, when the cycle of this acquiring signal changes, the duty of this transistor Q2 changes immediately, uses the action that detects this main switch unit 11;
This pulse wave control module 9, it is by resistance R 6, R8, R10, R11, capacitor C 4, diode D3, zener diode D2 and transistor (are electric crystal, below all be called transistor) Q3, Q4, Q5 forms, wherein, transistor Q3, Q4, Q5 forms one and guarantees that this auxiliary switch unit 12 closes the door bolt lock device of (OFF) or conducting (ON), the positive edge that this pulse wave control module 9 is accepted time pulse signal CLK triggers and makes this auxiliary switch unit 12 close (OFF), and should zero point judgement unit 7 determine to make transistor Q3 after these main switch unit 11 are closed, Q4, Q5 promotes this auxiliary switch unit 12 conductings (ON);
Again, this feedbacks unit 8, be by resistance R 1, R2, R4, R5, zener diode D1 and transistor Q1 form, this acquiring signal is delivered to base stage and the emitter-base bandgap grading of this transistor Q1, and the other zener diode D1 that connects of emitter-base bandgap grading is as voltage stabilizing, form the emitter-base bandgap grading end and have fixed voltage, make the transistor Q1 collection utmost point produce the first feedback current Ib that is inversely proportional to this acquiring signal size, and during 12 conductings of this auxiliary switch unit, mat one loop captures one second feedback current Is from transformer 2 coil currents, and this first feedback current Ib and this second feedback current Is conflux and form one the 3rd feedback current, in order to trigger the transistor Q4 in this pulse wave control module 9, cause transistor Q4, Q3, the duty of Q5 changes, and then closes this auxiliary switch unit 12;
See also the waveform among Fig. 5, wherein Va is the voltage that this pulse wave modulation unit 5 promotes these main switch unit 11 conductings, that is Va represents the cycle of these main switch unit 11 conductings (ON), Vc then represents the cycle of these auxiliary switch unit 12 conductings, Vds is this main switch unit 11 when closing (OFF), the voltage at these 11 two ends, main switch unit.By finding out in this oscillogram, this main switch unit 11 all staggers with the turn-on cycle of this auxiliary switch unit 12, and the space that has reservation between both turn-on cycles, when zero load, because this main switch unit 11 is not long with auxiliary switch unit 12 turn-on cycles, make the space broadening of this reservation, when load constantly increases, can extend for the turn-on cycle of this main switch unit 11 with auxiliary switch unit 12 in the space of this reservation, and make its transformer 2 coil currents not cause transformer 2 full closing when the maximum turn-on cycle of this main switch unit 11; Therefore, above-mentioned circuit can by control this auxiliary switch unit 12 close (OFF) to this main switch unit 11 open once more (ON) during, forming one can be in response to the reservation nargin of variation in voltage, so when load change, the cycle of these main switch unit 11 conductings can be reserved at this and extend in nargin to improve output, and reserve trouble free service in the nargin at this, can not cause transformer saturated because of the electric current change.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not that the utility model is done any pro forma restriction, though the utility model discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the utility model, but also can utilize the semiconductor element of an equal proportion amplified current to obtain acquiring signal with coil current scaled down or amplification as this signal capturing unit, any those skilled in the art are not in breaking away from the technical solutions of the utility model scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solutions of the utility model, according to technical spirit of the present utility model to any simple modification that above embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (11)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNU2007200006291U CN201015031Y (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2007-01-09 | Active clamp circuit for limiting peak voltage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNU2007200006291U CN201015031Y (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2007-01-09 | Active clamp circuit for limiting peak voltage |
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| CN201015031Y true CN201015031Y (en) | 2008-01-30 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012071735A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Power converter |
| CN102545559A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-07-04 | 三垦电气株式会社 | Gate driver and semiconductor device employing the same |
-
2007
- 2007-01-09 CN CNU2007200006291U patent/CN201015031Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012071735A1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Power converter |
| CN102545559A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-07-04 | 三垦电气株式会社 | Gate driver and semiconductor device employing the same |
| CN102545559B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2015-01-14 | 三垦电气株式会社 | Gate driver and semiconductor device |
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