CN201003030Y - Online tempered glass production equipment - Google Patents
Online tempered glass production equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201003030Y CN201003030Y CNU2007200033157U CN200720003315U CN201003030Y CN 201003030 Y CN201003030 Y CN 201003030Y CN U2007200033157 U CNU2007200033157 U CN U2007200033157U CN 200720003315 U CN200720003315 U CN 200720003315U CN 201003030 Y CN201003030 Y CN 201003030Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- online
- glass
- molding roller
- toughened glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种在线钢化玻璃生产设备,为解决现有设备投资大,生产成本高的问题,其包括玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置,辊道以及配装在辊道上的退火装置,在退火装置中的玻璃板可塑固体温度段的辊道上配装有在线玻璃板切割装置,在线玻璃板切割装置之后的辊道上配装有辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置。可塑固体温度段是温度为650-900℃的辊道段。所述上模压辊轮、下模压辊轮和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮都配有使辊轮温度高于该处玻璃温度的加热装置。辊道在在线玻璃板切割装置与退火装置之间还配有切割后的玻璃板外缘毛刺的火焰烧蚀装置。因此,其具有设备投资小,生产成本低,生产效率高的优点。
The utility model relates to an online tempered glass production equipment. In order to solve the problems of large investment and high production cost of the existing equipment, the utility model includes a glass pool furnace, a flat glass forming device, a roller table and an annealing device equipped on the roller table. The roller table in the plastic solid temperature section of the glass plate in the annealing device is equipped with an online glass plate cutting device, and the roller table after the online glass plate cutting device is equipped with a roller table tempered glass heat treatment device. The plastic solid temperature section is a roller table section with a temperature of 650-900°C. The upper molding roller, the lower molding roller and the roller corresponding to the upper molding roller are equipped with a heating device to make the temperature of the roller higher than the temperature of the glass at the place. The roller table is also equipped with a flame ablation device for the burrs on the outer edge of the cut glass plate between the online glass plate cutting device and the annealing device. Therefore, it has the advantages of small equipment investment, low production cost and high production efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种玻璃生产设备,特别是涉及一种在线钢化玻璃生产设备。The utility model relates to a glass production equipment, in particular to an online tempered glass production equipment.
背景技术Background technique
钢化玻璃即淬火增强玻璃,是将玻璃均匀加热达软化温度时,用压力空气等冷却介质而制成的玻璃。这种玻璃表面存在均匀的压应力。从而可提高玻璃的机械强度和抗热震性能。钢化玻璃的抗弯强度比未经处理的玻璃大3-5倍,可达150-250兆帕,热稳定性能提高3-4倍,可经受200-250℃的温差急变,破碎时形成了无尖锐棱角的颗粒,对人体伤害很小,是最广泛使用的安全玻璃。Tempered glass is tempered glass, which is made by heating the glass evenly to softening temperature, and then using cooling medium such as compressed air. There is uniform compressive stress on the surface of this glass. Thereby, the mechanical strength and thermal shock resistance of the glass can be improved. The flexural strength of tempered glass is 3-5 times greater than that of untreated glass, up to 150-250 MPa, and its thermal stability is increased by 3-4 times. Particles with sharp edges and corners have little harm to the human body and are the most widely used safety glass.
目前,用平板玻璃生产钢化玻璃的常用生产方法是:切割、600-900℃焙烧和热处理。其中热处理是焙烧后在辊道上运行的成型玻璃用高速空气冷却,所用设备称辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置。At present, the common production methods for producing toughened glass from flat glass are: cutting, firing at 600-900°C and heat treatment. Among them, the heat treatment is to cool the formed glass running on the roller table with high-speed air after roasting, and the equipment used is called a roller table tempered glass heat treatment device.
经本发明人研究发现:钢化玻璃焙烧过程需要消耗大量的热量,使生产成本高达39元,设备复杂、投资大,中等规模的生产线就需要投资120万元。The inventors have found through research that: the tempered glass roasting process needs to consume a large amount of heat, making the production cost as high as 39 yuan, complex equipment and large investment, and a medium-scale production line requires an investment of 1.2 million yuan.
现在,平板玻璃的常用生产设备包括:玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置、辊道和依次配装在辊道上的退火装置。Now, the commonly used production equipment for flat glass includes: glass pool furnace, flat glass forming device, roller table and annealing device sequentially equipped on the roller table.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术的上述缺陷,提供一种设备投资小,生产成本低的在线钢化玻璃生产设备。The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, and provide an online toughened glass production equipment with low equipment investment and low production cost.
为实现上述目的,本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备包括玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置,辊道以及配装在辊道上的退火装置,其特别之处在于在退火装置中的玻璃板可塑固体温度段的辊道上配装有在线玻璃板切割装置,在线玻璃板切割装置之后的辊道上配装有辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置。如此设计,其是现有平板玻璃生产设备与现有钢化玻璃生产设备的有机结合,省去了钢化玻璃生产设备中的焙烧装置投资和焙烧能源成本,简化了原平板玻璃生产线中的退火装置。大大降低了设备投资,显著节省了能源成本。同样生产规模条件下,原有的钢化玻璃生产设备投资为120万元,生产成本为39元/平方米,而在原有平板玻璃生产线上进行改造的本实用新型设备,增加的投资仅有50万元,生产成本仅25元/平方米,具有设备投资小,生产成本低的优点。In order to achieve the above purpose, the online toughened glass production equipment of the utility model includes a glass pool furnace, a flat glass forming device, a roller table and an annealing device equipped on the roller table. The special feature is that the plastic solid temperature of the glass plate in the annealing device is The roller table of the section is equipped with an online glass plate cutting device, and the roller table after the online glass plate cutting device is equipped with a roller table tempered glass heat treatment device. Such a design is an organic combination of the existing flat glass production equipment and the existing tempered glass production equipment, which saves the investment in the roasting device and the cost of roasting energy in the tempered glass production equipment, and simplifies the annealing device in the original flat glass production line. Greatly reduces equipment investment and significantly saves energy costs. Under the same production scale conditions, the investment of the original toughened glass production equipment is 1.2 million yuan, and the production cost is 39 yuan/square meter, while the utility model equipment modified on the original flat glass production line only has an increased investment of 500,000 yuan The production cost is only 25 yuan/square meter, which has the advantages of small equipment investment and low production cost.
作为优化,可塑固体温度段是温度为650-900℃的辊道段。如此设计,切割性能更好。As an optimization, the plastic solid temperature section is a roller table section with a temperature of 650-900°C. So designed, the cutting performance is better.
作为优化,在线玻璃板切割装置包括配装在辊道中的上下相对配置的上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮,上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮外缘都装有相对分布的模压框,模压框内缘形状和大小与钢化玻璃相同,上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮之间配有线速同步装置;或包括与辊道中其中一个辊轮上下相对分布的外缘装有模压框的上模压辊轮,上模压辊轮模压框内缘形状和大小与钢化玻璃相同,上模压辊轮与该辊轮之间配有线速同步装置;或包括与辊道中其中一个辊轮上下相对分布的外缘装有横向模压棱的上模压辊轮,辊道上还配有与横向模压棱模压的钢化玻璃两侧相对应的切割刀,上模压辊轮的横向模压棱的形状和大小与钢化玻璃横向外缘相同,上模压辊轮与该辊轮之间配有线速同步装置。如此设计,方便选择适用。As an optimization, the online glass plate cutting device includes an upper molding roller and a lower molding roller arranged in a roller table, and the outer edges of the upper molding roller and the lower molding roller are equipped with relatively distributed molding frames. The shape and size of the inner edge of the frame are the same as that of tempered glass, and there is a linear speed synchronization device between the upper molding roller and the lower molding roller; The shape and size of the inner edge of the molding frame of the upper molding roller are the same as that of tempered glass, and the upper molding roller and the roller are equipped with a line speed synchronization device; or include an outer edge that is distributed up and down relative to one of the rollers in the roller table The upper molding roller equipped with transverse embossing ribs, and the roller table is also equipped with cutting knives corresponding to both sides of the tempered glass embossed by the transverse embossing ribs. Similarly, there is a linear speed synchronization device between the upper molding roller and the roller. Designed in this way, it is convenient to choose and apply.
作为优化,线速同步装置是上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮或与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮分别配有的相互啮合的上齿轮和下齿轮;所述上模压辊轮、下模压辊轮和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮都配有使辊轮温度高于该处玻璃温度的加热装置。如此设计,能更好满足切割玻璃的需要。As an optimization, the line speed synchronizing device is the upper and lower gears that are respectively engaged with the upper molding roller and the lower molding roller or the rollers corresponding to the upper molding roller; the upper molding roller, the lower molding roller The rollers and the rollers corresponding to the upper molding rollers are equipped with heating devices that make the temperature of the rollers higher than the temperature of the glass at this place. Such a design can better meet the needs of cutting glass.
作为优化,辊道在在线玻璃板切割装置与退火装置之间还配有切割后的玻璃板外缘毛刺的火焰烧蚀装置。如此设计,有利于保证产品质量。As an optimization, the roller table is also equipped with a flame ablation device for the burrs on the outer edge of the cut glass plate between the online glass plate cutting device and the annealing device. Such a design is conducive to ensuring product quality.
作为优化,火焰烧蚀装置是自动控制的火焰枪。如此设计,方便配置。As an optimization, the flame ablation device is an automatically controlled flame gun. Designed in this way, it is easy to configure.
采用上述技术方案后,本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备具有设备投资小,生产成本低,生产效率高的优点。After adopting the above technical scheme, the online toughened glass production equipment of the present invention has the advantages of small equipment investment, low production cost and high production efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present utility model;
图2是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第一种实施方式的辊道和上模压辊轮部分的侧视结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the roller table and the upper molding roller part of the first embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention;
图3是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第二种实施方式的辊道、上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮部分的侧视结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the roller table, the upper molding roller and the lower molding roller of the second embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention;
图4是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第二种实施方式的上模压辊轮和下模压辊轮部分的主视结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the upper molding roller and the lower molding roller of the second embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention;
图5是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第一种实施方式的上模压辊轮和与之对应的辊轮部分的主视结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a front structural schematic view of the upper molding roller and the corresponding roller part of the first embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention;
图6是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第三种实施方式的辊道、上模压辊轮及切割刀部分的侧视结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a side view structural diagram of the third embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention, the roller table, the upper molding roller and the cutting knife;
图7是本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备第三种实施方式的上模压辊轮和与之对应的辊轮部分的主视结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of the upper molding roller and the corresponding roller part of the third embodiment of the online tempered glass production equipment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实例作更进一步的说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete example for further description:
实施例一,如图1、2和5所示,本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备包括玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置2,辊道以及配装在辊道上的退火装置3,在退火装置3中的玻璃板可塑固体温度段的辊道上配装有在线玻璃板切割装置4,在线玻璃板切割装置4之后的辊道上配装有辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置5。可塑固体温度段是温度为650-900℃的辊道段。在线玻璃板切割装置4包括与辊道中其中一个辊轮8上下相对分布的外缘装有模压框41的上模压辊轮61,上模压辊轮的模压框41内缘形状和大小与钢化玻璃相同,上模压辊轮61与该辊轮8之间配有线速同步装置;线速同步装置是上模压辊轮61和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮8分别配有的相互啮合的上齿轮71和下齿轮72;所述上模压辊轮61和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮8都配有使辊轮温度高于该玻璃温度的加热装置。辊道在在线玻璃板切割装置4与退火装置3之间还配有切割后的玻璃板外缘毛刺的火焰烧蚀装置。火焰烧蚀装置是自动控制的火焰枪。Embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5, the online toughened glass production equipment of the present invention includes a glass pool furnace, a flat
实施例二,如图1、3和4所示,本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备包括玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置2,辊道以及配装在辊道上的退火装置3,在退火装置3中的玻璃板可塑固体温度段的辊道上配装有在线玻璃板切割装置4,在线玻璃板切割装置4之后的辊道上配装有辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置5。可塑固体温度段是温度为650-900℃的辊道段。在线玻璃板切割装置4包括配装在辊道中的上下相对配置的上模压辊轮61和下模压辊轮62,上模压辊轮61和下模压辊轮62外缘都装有相对分布的模压框41,模压框41内缘形状和大小与钢化玻璃相同,上模压辊轮61和下模压辊轮62之间配有线速同步装置;线速同步装置是上模压辊轮61和下模压辊轮62分别配有的相互啮合的上齿轮71和下齿轮72。所述上模压辊轮61和下模压辊轮62都配有使辊轮温度高于该处玻璃温度的加热装置。辊道在在线玻璃板切割装置4与退火装置3之间还配有切割后的玻璃板外缘毛刺的火焰烧蚀装置。火焰烧蚀装置是自动控制的火焰枪。
实施例三,如图1、6和7所示,本实用新型在线钢化玻璃生产设备包括玻璃池炉、平板玻璃成型装置2,辊道以及配装在辊道上的退火装置3,在退火装置3中的玻璃板可塑固体温度段的辊道上配装有在线玻璃板切割装置4,在线玻璃板切割装置4之后的辊道上配装有辊道式钢化玻璃热处理装置5。可塑固体温度段是温度为650-900℃的辊道段。在线玻璃板切割装置4包括与辊道中其中一个辊轮8上下相对分布的外缘装有横向模压棱42的上模压辊轮61,辊道上还配有与横向模压棱42模压的钢化玻璃两侧相对应的切割刀9,上模压辊轮61的横向模压棱42的形状和大小与钢化玻璃横向外缘相同,上模压辊轮61与该辊轮8之间配有线速同步装置。线速同步装置是上模压辊轮61和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮8分别配有的相互啮合的上齿轮71和下齿轮72;所述上模压辊轮61和与上模压辊轮相对应的辊轮8都配有使辊轮温度高于该处玻璃温度的加热装置。辊道在在线玻璃板切割装置4与退火装置3之间还配有切割后的玻璃板外缘毛刺的火焰烧蚀装置。火焰烧蚀装置是自动控制的火焰枪。
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007200033157U CN201003030Y (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2007-02-06 | Online tempered glass production equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007200033157U CN201003030Y (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2007-02-06 | Online tempered glass production equipment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN201003030Y true CN201003030Y (en) | 2008-01-09 |
Family
ID=39038568
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007200033157U Expired - Fee Related CN201003030Y (en) | 2007-02-06 | 2007-02-06 | Online tempered glass production equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN201003030Y (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103159397A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-06-19 | 徐林波 | Plate glass on-line hot-state cutting and toughening technique |
CN103833199A (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2014-06-04 | 新余市银龙机电科技有限公司 | Production process of substrate of touch screen protecting glass |
CN114409239A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-29 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and breaking process of hot glass in production line for manufacturing float glass |
CN114409236A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-29 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Edge-trimming and polishing process of hot glass on production line for manufacturing float glass |
CN114477753A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-13 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and plate breaking process of hot glass in production line for manufacturing rolled glass |
CN117142751A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-01 | 青岛融合光电科技有限公司 | Device and process for manufacturing high-generation OLED carrier plate glass |
-
2007
- 2007-02-06 CN CNU2007200033157U patent/CN201003030Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103833199A (en) * | 2012-11-24 | 2014-06-04 | 新余市银龙机电科技有限公司 | Production process of substrate of touch screen protecting glass |
CN103159397A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-06-19 | 徐林波 | Plate glass on-line hot-state cutting and toughening technique |
CN114409239A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-29 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and breaking process of hot glass in production line for manufacturing float glass |
CN114409236A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-29 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Edge-trimming and polishing process of hot glass on production line for manufacturing float glass |
CN114477753A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-13 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and plate breaking process of hot glass in production line for manufacturing rolled glass |
CN114477753B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-03-08 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and breaking process of hot glass on production line for manufacturing rolled glass |
CN114409239B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-03-08 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Cutting and breaking process of hot glass on production line for manufacturing float glass |
CN114409236B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-03-08 | 国玻新创(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Trimming and polishing process for hot glass on float glass manufacturing line |
CN117142751A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-01 | 青岛融合光电科技有限公司 | Device and process for manufacturing high-generation OLED carrier plate glass |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN201003030Y (en) | Online tempered glass production equipment | |
CN104860514B (en) | A kind of production technology for curved glass hot bending | |
CN202911063U (en) | Gel sheet heating and setting machine | |
SG165248A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing glass sheet | |
CN202114924U (en) | Coining mill | |
CN101481202A (en) | On-line production method of glass plate product | |
CN204874276U (en) | Breathable Curved Glass Forming Device | |
CN109159416A (en) | A kind of plastic products film pressing device convenient for adjusting cutting position and size | |
CN202367025U (en) | Forming device for pattern sheets | |
CN202785968U (en) | Heater for forming and annealing plate glass | |
CN201446698U (en) | Acrylic convex mirror hot press forming device | |
CN204702651U (en) | A kind of glass cutting device | |
CN111116028A (en) | Device for producing tempered embossed plate glass by using float plate glass | |
CN203344291U (en) | Plastic profile extrusion production line | |
CN203141834U (en) | Acrylic convex mirror hot press moulding device | |
CN201634572U (en) | Glass tempering furnace produced in single and double type combining way | |
CN204022664U (en) | A kind of hot melting furnace | |
CN100431988C (en) | Method of producing transparent float wire glass using calendering and floating technology | |
CN213739163U (en) | High-efficient glass tempering processing apparatus | |
CN103288334B (en) | A kind of mould reducing multicellular glass mass defect | |
CN204874274U (en) | 3D curved surface glass forming device | |
CN203474637U (en) | Outer-furnace roller bed for glass toughening furnace | |
CN202297360U (en) | Forming die for double-curve toughening furnace | |
CN105417940A (en) | Two-glass in-furnace tempering method | |
CN205463620U (en) | Add fever type battery pole piece rolling machine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080109 Termination date: 20160206 |