CN1967991A - DC-DC Converter - Google Patents
DC-DC Converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1967991A CN1967991A CN 200510124643 CN200510124643A CN1967991A CN 1967991 A CN1967991 A CN 1967991A CN 200510124643 CN200510124643 CN 200510124643 CN 200510124643 A CN200510124643 A CN 200510124643A CN 1967991 A CN1967991 A CN 1967991A
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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Abstract
A DC-DC converter is used for converting a first DC voltage into a second DC voltage. The DC-DC converter includes a switch and a filter. The switch comprises a first end and a second end for receiving the first direct current voltage, and a first transistor and a second transistor which are connected in parallel between the first end and the second end. The filter is electrically connected to the second end of the switch and outputs a second direct current voltage at the output end of the filter. The parasitic capacitance of the first transistor is smaller than that of the second transistor, and the on-resistance of the first transistor is larger than that of the second transistor.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of DC-to-DC converter, and the DC-to-DC converter that particularly consumes relevant for a kind of cpable of lowering power.
Background technology
Tradition DC-to-DC converter (DC-DC converter) be in order to direct voltage that will input boost or step-down after with output as the power supply of other circuit.Please refer to the 1st figure, it illustrates the circuit diagram into traditional regulator of reduction voltage.DC-to-DC converter for example is a regulator of reduction voltage (Buck converter) 100, and it comprises switch 110 and filter 120, and wherein switch 110 comprises transistor Q1, and it is alternately conducting and ends.Filter 120 comprises unidirectional conduction device, inductance L and capacitor C.Unidirectional conduction device can be implemented with diode D, or implements with another transistor.
In running, transistor Q1 is owing to be to run under the high voltage, so the power consumption of transistor Q1 is bigger, its power consumption can be divided into power switched loss (switching loss) and conducted power loss (conduction loss), the power loss that the former is caused when switching in conducting and between ending for transistor Q1, the power loss that aisle resistance caused the when latter is transistor Q1 conducting between source electrode and drain electrode.If desire reduces the power switched loss, the parasitic capacitance of transistor Q1 is reduced, yet less its conducting resistance of transistor of parasitic capacitance is bigger, makes the conducted power loss increase on the contrary.If desire reduces the conducted power loss, conducting resistance is reduced, yet less its parasitic capacitance of transistor of conducting resistance is bigger.Therefore want the little parasitic capacitance that will cause of conducting resistance big, otherwise, the little conducting resistance that will cause of parasitic capacitance big, can't make the best of both worlds makes conducted power loss and power switched loss reduce simultaneously.
And, make that its transistorized power loss as switch is also increasing because the electric current of load that DC-to-DC converter offers is increasing.For example in the regulator of reduction voltage 100 that offers the processor cpu power, its required electric current that provides can reach 100 amperes.Therefore also increasing as the required electric current that bears of the transistor Q1 of switch in the regulator of reduction voltage 100, it is increasing that its power loss also becomes.Therefore, the power switched loss and the conducting power loss of attenuating DC-to-DC converter are the target that manufacturer endeavours to improve the power utilization rate.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, purpose of the present invention is providing a kind of DC-to-DC converter exactly, utilize the first transistor of coupled in parallel and transistor seconds as switch, to reduce power switched loss (switching loss) and conducted power loss (conduction loss) simultaneously.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of DC-to-DC converter is proposed in order to first direct voltage is converted to second direct voltage.DC-to-DC converter comprises switch and filter.Switch comprises first end, second end that receives first direct voltage, and is parallel to the first transistor and transistor seconds between first end and second end.Filter is electrically connected at second end of switch, and exports second direct voltage in the output of filter.Wherein the parasitic capacitance of the first transistor is less than the parasitic capacitance of transistor seconds, and the conducting resistance of the first transistor is greater than the conducting resistance of transistor seconds.
According to another object of the present invention, a kind of DC-to-DC converter is proposed, be second direct voltage in order to first direct voltage is boosted, comprise inductance, switch, unidirectional conduction device and electric capacity.Inductance, one termination are received this first direct voltage.Switch comprises first end, second end, and is parallel to the first transistor and transistor seconds between first end and second end, and the other end of its first end and inductance couples, and its second end is a ground connection.Unidirectional conduction device has negative terminal and anode, and anode is coupled to first end of switch.Electric capacity, the negative terminal of one end and unidirectional conduction device electrically connects and exports second direct voltage, and the other end is to be connected with earth terminal.Wherein the parasitic capacitance of the first transistor is less than the parasitic capacitance of transistor seconds, and the conducting resistance of the first transistor is greater than the conducting resistance of transistor seconds.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, a preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and cooperate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
Description of drawings
The 1st figure illustrates the circuit diagram that figure is traditional regulator of reduction voltage.
It is circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the first embodiment of the present invention that the 2nd figure illustrates figure.
The 3rd figure illustrates the operation sequential chart that figure is a switch 204.
It is circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the second embodiment of the present invention that the 4th figure illustrates figure.
It is circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the third embodiment of the present invention that the 5th figure illustrates figure.
It is the DC-to-DC converter 200 of using present embodiment and the comparison sheet of the power consumption of traditional DC-to-DC converter that the 6th figure illustrates figure.
[main element label declaration]
100,200,400,500: DC-to-DC converter
120,202,402,502: filter
110,204,404,504: switch
L: inductance
C: electric capacity
D: diode
Q1, Q1 ', Q2 ': transistor
Embodiment
First embodiment
Please refer to the 2nd figure, it illustrates the circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the first embodiment of the present invention.DC-to-DC converter 200 is regulator of reduction voltage (Buck Converter) in this example, and it comprises filter 202 and switch 204.Regulator of reduction voltage 200 receives the first direct voltage V1 and exports the second direct voltage V2 in output N3 in input N1.Switch 204 comprises the first transistor Q1 ' and transistor seconds Q2 ' that is parallel between the first end N1 and the second end N2.The first transistor Q1 ' is controlled by the first control signal DRV1; Transistor seconds Q2 ' is controlled by the second control signal DRV2.
Utilize transistorized switch element to have power switched loss (switching loss) and conducted power loss (conduction loss).Wherein the power switched loss is because transistor has parasitic capacitance (leakage capacitance), makes transistor slack-off in the time of conduction and cut-off (turn-on/off), the power loss that is caused.And the conducted power loss is because transistor has aisle resistance, when making transistor turns, increases the conducted power loss along with the increase of electric current.
The switch 204 of present embodiment by two with the first transistor Q1 ' of coupled in parallel and transistor seconds Q2 ' as switch element, and the first transistor Q1 ' be the transistor of low parasitic capacitance, transistor seconds Q2 ' is for hanging down the transistor of passage resistance.That is to say that the conducted power loss of transistor seconds Q2 ' can be much smaller than the conducted power loss of transistor Q1 '.But the loss of the power switched of the first transistor Q1 ' can be much smaller than the power switched loss of transistor seconds Q2 '.When switch 204 is wanted conducting, allow the first transistor Q1 ' conducting earlier, because of its switch speed fast, so can reduce the power switched loss; Then just allow transistor seconds Q2 ' conducting,, so can reduce the conducting power loss because of its conducting resistance is little.When switch 204 will end, allow transistor seconds Q2 ' end earlier earlier, so can reduce the power switched loss; Allow the first transistor Q1 ' end again, can make switch 204 conducting with by the time can significantly reduce power loss.
Furthermore, please refer to the 3rd figure, it illustrates the operation sequential chart into switch 204.When switch 204 was desired to switch to conducting, at first, when time point t0, the activation first control signal DRV1 made transistor Q1 ' conducting.Because the parasitic capacitance of transistor Q1 ' is less, therefore be switched on soon, can reduce the power switched loss, its electric current I 1 is as shown in the figure.Then, when time point t1, the activation second control signal DRV2 makes transistor Q2 ' conducting.Terminal voltage Vn after transistor Q1 ' and the transistor Q2 ' conducting is a low level, and the end electric current I raises.Because the aisle resistance of transistor Q2 ' is little more a lot of than transistor Q1's ', so after the transistor Q2 ' conducting, the electric current I 1 of the transistor Q1 ' that flows through greatly reduces, the electric current I 2 of the transistor Q2 ' that flows through greatly increases.Because the aisle resistance of transistor Q2 ' is very little, the conducted power loss that is therefore consumed seldom.Therefore, switch 204 is when switching to conducting, because very fast being switched on of transistor Q1 ' when initial, therefore the power switched loss is very little, afterwards, transistor Q2 ' promptly is switched on, and makes that the conducted power loss is also very little, therefore present embodiment has reduced the power consumption that switch 204 is caused, and has also accelerated the switch speed of switch 204.
Then, when switch 204 is desired to switch to not conducting, at first, when time point t2, make the second control signal DRV2 allow transistor Q2 ' end earlier.Then, in time point t3, make the first control signal DRV1 allow transistor Q1 ' end.Same reason because the parasitic capacitance of transistor Q2 ' is bigger, so it is early to be cut off, and the parasitic capacitance of transistor Q1 ' is little a lot, so it is later being cut off, thereby reduce switch 204 in switch to by the time power switched loss that consumed.
Now lifting DC-to-DC converter 200, to be used on the notebook computer with the supply power supply of microprocessor be example, and the conjunction measuring result is to further specify the first embodiment of the present invention.Please refer to 6 figure, it illustrates is the DC-to-DC converter 200 of using present embodiment and the comparison sheet of the power consumption of traditional DC-to-DC converter.The switch of tradition DC-to-DC converter is made up of the transistor of two same model, and conducting simultaneously and ending, and these two its models of transistor are all IRF7821, and its parasitic capacitance is all 220pF, aisle resistance is all 6.25mohm.And the model of the transistor Q1 ' of present embodiment is FDS6630A, and its parasitic capacitance is that 45pF, aisle resistance Rds are 35mohm.The model of transistor Q2 ' is Si4336DY, and its parasitic capacitance is that 415pF, aisle resistance Rds are 4.2mohm.
The first direct voltage V1 with input is respectively 12V and 20V, the second direct voltage V2 of output is 1.484V, the end electric current I of switch of flowing through is 25A to the maximum, the switching frequency f of switch is all under the condition of 300KHZ, relatively the DC-to-DC converter of present embodiment and the power consumption of traditional DC-to-DC converter.Learn via measurement, at the first direct voltage V1 is under the 20V, the power switched loss of the switch 204 of the DC-to-DC converter 200 of present embodiment is only to be the 0.135W of the parasitic capacitance 45pF generation of the first transistor Q1 ', and transistor seconds Q2 ' does not then cause the power switched loss; And the loss of the conducted power of present embodiment is divided into the 0.13125W of the first transistor Q1 ' generation and the 0.194775W that transistor seconds Q2 ' produces; Therefore switch 204 overall power loss of present embodiment are 0.135W+0.13125W+0.19477W=0.461025W.And the overall power loss that traditional switch produces is 0.66+0.2898438=0.9498438 (being produced by two transistor I RF7821).As a result, the switch 204 of present embodiment reduces the power consumption of about 0.49W (about 51.4%) compared with traditional switch.
And be under the 12V at the first direct voltage V1, all the other conditions are constant, the power switched loss of the switch 204 of the DC-to-DC converter 200 of present embodiment is only to be the 0.0486W of the parasitic capacitance 45pF generation of the first transistor Q1 ', and transistor seconds Q2 ' does not then cause the power switched loss; The conducted power loss of present embodiment is divided into the 0.15W of the first transistor Q1 ' generation and the 0.324625W that transistor seconds Q2 ' produces; Therefore switch 204 overall power loss of present embodiment are 0.523225W.And the overall power loss that traditional switch produces is 0.2376+0.483073=0.720673 (being produced by two transistor I RF7821).The switch 204 of present embodiment still reduces the power consumption of about 0.2W (about 27.4%) compared with traditional switch.Therefore the DC-to-DC converter 200 of present embodiment is utilized the particular design of switch 204, can reach really than traditional DC-to-DC converter power loss still less.
Second embodiment
Please refer to the 4th figure, it illustrates the circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the second embodiment of the present invention.The DC-to-DC converter 400 of present embodiment is the adjuster that boosts (BoostRegulators), and it comprises filter 402 and switch 404.The input N1 ' of adjuster of boosting receives the first direct voltage V1, and in regulator output N2 ' the output second direct voltage V2 that boosts.Filter 402 comprises inductance L, capacitor C and single-phase conduction device, and unidirectional conduction device can be implemented with diode D, or implements with another transistor.One end of inductance L is input N1 ', in order to receive the first direct voltage V1.Diode D has a negative terminal and an anode, and anode is coupled to the other end of inductance L.The negative terminal of capacitor C one end and diode D electrically connects and exports the second direct voltage V2, and the other end is to be connected with earth terminal.Switch 404 comprises the first end X1, the second end X2, and is parallel to the first transistor Q1 ' and transistor seconds Q2 ' between the first end X1 and the second end X2, and second end is a ground connection.
The first transistor Q1 ' is controlled by the first control signal DRV1; Transistor seconds Q2 ' is controlled by the second control signal DRV2.Transistor Q1 ' is the transistor of low parasitic capacitance, and transistor Q2 ' is the transistor of low passage resistance.That is to say that the conducted power loss of transistor Q2 ' can be much smaller than the conducted power loss of transistor Q1 '.But the loss of the power switched of transistor Q1 ' can be much smaller than the power switched loss of transistor Q2 '.When switch 404 is wanted conducting, allow the first transistor Q1 ' conducting earlier, then just allow transistor seconds Q2 ' conducting, when switch 204 will end, allow transistor seconds Q2 ' end earlier earlier, allow transistor Q1 ' end again, can make switch 204 conducting with by the time can significantly reduce power loss.
The 3rd embodiment
Please refer to the 5th figure, it illustrates the circuit diagram according to a kind of DC-to-DC converter of the third embodiment of the present invention.The DC-to-DC converter 500 of present embodiment is buck adjuster (Buck-boostRegulators), comprises filter 502 and switch 504, its input N1 " receive the first direct voltage V1, and by output N3 " the output second direct voltage V2.Switch 504 comprise be parallel to the first end N1 " and the second end N2 " between the first transistor Q1 ' and transistor seconds Q2 '.The first transistor Q1 ' is controlled by the first control signal DRV1; Transistor seconds Q2 ' is controlled by the second control signal DRV2.
Filter 502 is to be coupled to the second end N2 ", and in output N3 " the output second direct voltage V2, comprising inductance L, capacitor C and single-phase conduction device, unidirectional conduction device can be implemented with diode D, or implements with another transistor.Diode D has a negative terminal and an anode, and negative terminal is electrically connected at the second end N2 ", anode is electrically connected at output N3 ".Inductance L is electrically connected at the second end N2 " and earth terminal between.The anode of the diode D that one end of capacitor C is electrically connected at, the other end is to be coupled to earth terminal.
Transistor Q1 ' is the transistor of low parasitic capacitance, and transistor Q2 ' is the transistor of low passage resistance.That is to say that the conducted power loss of transistor Q2 ' can be much smaller than the conducted power loss of transistor Q1 '.But the loss of the power switched of transistor Q1 ' can be much smaller than the power switched loss of transistor Q2 '.When switch 504 is wanted conducting, allow the first transistor Q1 ' conducting earlier, then just allow transistor seconds Q2 ' conducting, when switch 504 will end, allow transistor seconds Q2 ' end earlier earlier, allow transistor Q1 ' end again, can make switch 204 conducting with by the time can significantly reduce power loss.
The disclosed DC-to-DC converter of the above embodiment of the present invention, transistor Q1 by low passage resistance is in parallel as switch with low parasitic capacitance Q2, to reduce power switched loss (switching loss) and conducted power loss (conduction loss).Because the reduction of switch power loss makes circuit temperature reduce improved efficiency.Because power loss reduces, can increase circuit work frequency again, it represent the interior energy-storage travelling wave tube of filter can be littler, and causing volume can be that cost is lower forr a short time.
In sum; though the present invention discloses as above with a preferred embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; any those skilled in the art; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can being used for a variety of modifications and variations, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking appended the claim scope person of defining.
Claims (11)
1. DC-to-DC converter in order to first direct voltage is converted to second direct voltage, comprising:
Switch comprises first end, second end that receive this first direct voltage, and is parallel to the first transistor and transistor seconds between this first end and this second end;
Filter is electrically connected at this second end of this switch, and exports this second direct voltage in the output of this filter;
Wherein the parasitic capacitance of this first transistor is less than the parasitic capacitance of this transistor seconds, and the conducting resistance of this first transistor is greater than the conducting resistance of this transistor seconds.
2. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein this switch is alternately conducting and ends, and when this switch is desired conducting, is this first transistor of first conducting, then this transistor seconds of conducting.
3. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 2, wherein this switch desire for by the time, be that this transistor seconds is ended, this first transistor is ended.
4. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein this filter comprises:
Inductance is electrically connected between this output of this second end of this switch and this filter;
Electric capacity is electrically connected between this output and this earth terminal of this filter; And
Single-phase conduction device has negative terminal and anode, and this negative terminal is coupled to this second end, and this anode is coupled to this earth terminal.
5. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 4, wherein this unidirectional conduction device is diode or transistor.
6. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein this filter comprises:
Inductance is electrically connected between this second end and this earth terminal of this switch;
Single-phase conduction device has negative terminal and anode, and this negative terminal is coupled to this second end; And
Electric capacity, this anode of this unidirectional conduction device that the one end is electrically connected at, and export this second direct voltage, the other end is to be coupled to this earth terminal.
7. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 6, wherein this unidirectional conduction device is diode or transistor.
8. a DC-to-DC converter is second direct voltage in order to first direct voltage is boosted, and comprising:
Inductance, one termination are received this first direct voltage;
Switch comprises first end, second end, and is parallel to the first transistor and transistor seconds between this first end and this second end, and the other end of its this first end and this inductance couples, and its this second end is a ground connection;
Unidirectional conduction device has negative terminal and anode, and this anode is coupled to this first end of this switch; And
Electric capacity, one end and this negative terminal electrically connect and export this second direct voltage, and the other end is to be connected with this earth terminal;
Wherein the parasitic capacitance of this first transistor is less than the parasitic capacitance of this transistor seconds, and the conducting resistance of this first transistor is greater than the conducting resistance of this transistor seconds.
9. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 8, wherein this switch is alternately conducting and ends, and when this switch is desired conducting, is this first transistor of first conducting, then this transistor seconds of conducting.
10. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 9, wherein this switch desire for by the time, be that this transistor seconds is ended, this first transistor is ended.
11. DC-to-DC converter according to claim 8, wherein this unidirectional conduction device is diode or transistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510124643 CN1967991A (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2005-11-14 | DC-DC Converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510124643 CN1967991A (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2005-11-14 | DC-DC Converter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1967991A true CN1967991A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510124643 Pending CN1967991A (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2005-11-14 | DC-DC Converter |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101521461B (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-05-23 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | A two-stage voltage level conversion circuit |
| CN102474179A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-05-23 | 洋马株式会社 | Dc-dc converter circuit |
| CN103956901A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-30 | 广东瑞德智能科技股份有限公司 | Buck circuit |
| CN104660042A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-05-27 | 立锜科技股份有限公司 | Switching circuit for voltage conversion |
-
2005
- 2005-11-14 CN CN 200510124643 patent/CN1967991A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101521461B (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-05-23 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | A two-stage voltage level conversion circuit |
| CN102474179A (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-05-23 | 洋马株式会社 | Dc-dc converter circuit |
| CN103956901A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-30 | 广东瑞德智能科技股份有限公司 | Buck circuit |
| CN104660042A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-05-27 | 立锜科技股份有限公司 | Switching circuit for voltage conversion |
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