CN1933372A - Infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method and device - Google Patents
Infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1933372A CN1933372A CNA2006101171614A CN200610117161A CN1933372A CN 1933372 A CN1933372 A CN 1933372A CN A2006101171614 A CNA2006101171614 A CN A2006101171614A CN 200610117161 A CN200610117161 A CN 200610117161A CN 1933372 A CN1933372 A CN 1933372A
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Abstract
一种红外激光大气散射通信的方法和装置，它是利用光发射机的红外激光系统发射的由信号调制的红外激光被大气散射后，被光接收机的具有大接收角的红外波段光探测器接收后，经放大整形和电信号处理而实现非视线光通信的方法。该通信的方法和装置既具有较长的工作距离和较高的传输速率，又具有不需要视线传输、机动性高的特点。
A method and device for infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication, which realizes non-line-of-sight optical communication by utilizing the infrared laser modulated by the infrared laser system of the optical transmitter to be scattered by the atmosphere and then received by the infrared band optical detector with a large receiving angle of the optical receiver, and then amplified, shaped and processed by electrical signals. The communication method and device have the characteristics of a long working distance and a high transmission rate, and have the characteristics of not requiring line-of-sight transmission and high mobility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of optical communication method that adopts infrared laser light source to carry out message transmission as reflector, by atmospheric scattering.The invention belongs to communication technical field.
Background technology
Free space optical communication (FSO) is an important component part of communications network system.Develop at present comparative maturity, also very valued be infrared laser communication, comprise the laser communication and the intersatellite optical communication of the external space of propagation in atmosphere.These optical communication systems all realize by the light beam direct projection, be called as the sight line optical communication (Line-of-sight, LOS).Be characterized in that operating distance is distant, transmission rate is than higher.But laser beam can not the cut-through thing, such as high building, small hill, island or the like.Therefore the sight line optical communication has harsh requirement in use occasion.In order to overcome this shortcoming, people are are researching and developing the ultraviolet light scatter communication.This is a kind of strong scattering characteristic of utilizing atmosphere to ultraviolet light, sets up the link of optical signal transmission.Being characterized in can the cut-through thing, be called non-sight line optical communication (None-line-of-sight, NLOS).If adopt a day blind ultraviolet band, i.e. the wave band that absorbed of ultraviolet composition in the sunlight by upper atmosphere, ultraviolet communication also has the characteristics of all weather operations.Its shortcoming is that operating distance is relatively shorter, transmission rate is lower.Therefore, the ultraviolet scatter communication is mainly used in the occasion of ask for something high mobility, particularly the application aspect military and security.Another is used for indoor ir scattering optical communication, and it mainly is by the reflection of indoor wall, ceiling, furniture and scattering, realizes between the indoor computer or the information between the electrical equipment transmits, and networks or the control of household electrical appliance.Because indoor use, distance is very near, and for fear of the injury to human eye, generally all adopts lower powered light source, such as semiconductor infraluminescence pipe (LED).This ir scattering communication is not suitable in outdoor application.
Practical application needs a kind of optical communication means, has both had long operating distance and higher transmission rate, has line-of-sight transmission, the characteristics that mobility is high of not needing again, such as occasions such as open space, desert, grassland, the water surface in the open air.In these application scenarios, be difficult to prop one stable overhead finish line-of-sight communication to alignment request, wish that simultaneously operating distance and speed are higher than the performance of ultraviolet scatter communication again.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of this use occasion of expression.But still there is not this optical communication system at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method and apparatus of infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication is provided, this method for communicating and device had both had long operating distance and higher transmission rate, had line-of-sight transmission, the characteristics that mobility is high of not needing again.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
Atmosphere has had years of researches history to the scattering nature of light wave.According to classical theory, atmospheric scattering can be described with Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering.Scattering strength is relevant with the wavelength of light wave.Relatively, the ultraviolet scattering is strong, and a little less than the ir scattering.The ultraviolet scatter communication is exactly to utilize the strong scattering effect of atmosphere to ultraviolet light.On the other hand, scattering is strong more, and the light wave decay of fl transmission is fast more, so transmission range will reduce.The spatial distribution of diffuse lightwave is a key factor for scatter communication.This is a very complicated problems, depends on the yardstick of scattering particles and the ratio of optical wavelength, and relevant with the polarizability of light wave.Studies show that for the light wave bigger than scattering particles dimension, scattering and spatial distributes and meets the Rayleigh scattering characteristic, can represent with following formula approx:
θ is the angle of stray light center line in the formula; I
0Be incident intensity; R is the degree of polarization of incident light wave.As seen, the distribution of scattered intensity is proportional to cos substantially
2θ.
Theoretical and experimental study shows that scattering strength depends on the wavelength of light wave consumingly.For Rayleigh scattering, the biquadratic of scattered light intensity and wavelength is inversely proportional to: I ∝ f (λ)/λ
4For Mie scattering, scattering strength and wavelength concern more complicated.But roughly be weaker than λ
-4Relation, that is to say that difference is smaller.Therefore, atmosphere also exists scattering effect to infrared laser.Compare with ultraviolet light, infrared scattering of light is much weak.Yet also increased operating distance because of more weak scattering loss.If adopt infrared laser about 1 micron as light source, to compare with the Ultra-Violet Laser that hypothesis is in about the 250nm of non-solar-blind band, scattering strength will weaken 256 (4
4) doubly.Yet, infrared laser than the technical development maturation of ultraviolet laser many, the high 2-3 of its a power output magnitude is to obtain easily.This shows that the infrared laser scatter communication is feasible.
On the other hand, the infrared light intensity of scattering is relevant with angle.By formula (1) as seen, low-angle scattered light is more intense.If, the elevation angle less light path design big with distance receive this low-angle scattered light, just can realize the optical communication of non-sight line.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method, it be utilize optical sender infrared laser system emission by the infrared laser of signal modulation by atmospheric scattering after, after the infrared band photo-detector reception with big acceptance angle of optical receiver, realize the method for non-sight line optical communication through amplifying the processing of the shaping and the signal of telecommunication.
A kind of infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication device, comprise optical sender and optical receiver, it is characterized in that described optical sender comprises infrared laser and light beam collimation lens, infrared laser driving power and data signal generator constitute, and described optical receiver is made of the amplification and rectification circuit and the electric signal processing circuit of wide-angle receiving optics, narrow band pass filter, infrared band photo-detector, detector.
Described infrared laser is that the high power semiconductor lasers of 980nm wavelength or the high power semiconductor lasers or the operation wavelength of 800nm wavelength are the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm.
The photo-detector of described near infrared band is the silicon photoelectric diode of large photosensistive surface, or silicon PIN photoelectric tube and field effect transistor preamplifier assembly.
Described wide-angle receiving optics is fly's-eye lens or wide-angle compound lens.
The characteristics and the advantage of infrared laser scatter communication method of the present invention can be summarized as follows:
(1) this method is a kind of non-sight line optical communication method, is applicable to the application scenario that is difficult to carry out the sight line optical communication, between the transportation utensil such as spacious field, the water surface, motion, and the diffraction that can clear the jumps transmission.Can realize a bit to multiple spot, multiple spot to a bit, multi-multipoint information transmits.Be suitable for field work, maneuverability.
(2) this method is compared with the ultraviolet light scatter communication of non-sight line, and it is big to have operating distance, the transmitted data rates advantage of higher.But compare with the ultraviolet light scatter communication of non-solar-blind band, the influence of sunlight background noise is bigger.
(3) infrared laser that is connected with sight line is communicated by letter and is compared, and the transmission rate of this method is lower.Therefore this method is mainly used in special-purpose communication link, and needing not to be suitable for the public communication system of big transmission capacity.
(4) near-infrared laser light source, near infrared detector and other relevant components and parts of this method employing, technology has been developed maturation, and the commercialized degree height obtains from market supply easily, so expected cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 infrared laser scatter communication use occasion schematic diagram.
The basic framework block diagram of Fig. 2 infrared laser scatter communication.
Fig. 3 atmospheric scattering causes the analog computation example of optical pulse broadening.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of infrared laser scatter communication device embodiment one of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of infrared laser scatter communication device embodiment two of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below by embodiment, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Fig. 2 is the basic framework block diagram of infrared laser scatter communication.Among the figure: 1 is the infrared laser transmitter; The light beam of 2 expression infrared lasers.3 is infrared receiving set; The aperture that 4 expressions receive is designated as φ among the figure.5 expression barriers.θ is for receiving the angle between optical lens axis and the emission of lasering beam.Wherein infrared optical transmitter adopts laser, and it has high power output and narrow beamwidth, helps increasing operating distance.
The receiver optical system adopts the system of large aperture, big acceptance angle, so that receive the scattared energy of infrared laser beam as much as possible.Owing to passed through different transmission paths from the photon of big scattering volume scattering, therefore existed the multidiameter delay that causes thus.This has just limited the transmission rate of atmospheric scattering communication.This is a character identical with the ultraviolet scatter communication.According to the size of receiving aperture, emission receives the height at the elevation angle, by numerical computations and experiment test, can determine the excursion of multidiameter delay.Fig. 3 is the analog computation result of the pulse stretching under conventional atmospheric weather conditions.As seen the pulse stretching that causes of multidiameter delay is in the microsecond magnitude, so the transmission rate of scatter communication is roughly on the level of megabits per second.Such speed is applicable to the transmission of signals such as speech in the dedicated system, low speed image, data, signaling, has sizable range of application.
See also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of infrared laser scatter communication device embodiment one of the present invention.The left side is an optical sender among the figure.11 is a high-power semiconductor laser.According to the technical merit of present semiconductor laser, can adopt the high power semiconductor lasers of 980nm wavelength; Also can adopt the high power laser of 800nm wave band.21 is light beam collimation lens, and it makes the divergent beams of semiconductor laser be converged to a branch of substantially parallel light beam.12 is the driving power of semiconductor laser 11.13 is data signal generator.
The right part of figure is an optical receiver.32 is the photo-detector of near infrared band.According to the technical merit of present device, can adopt the silicon photoelectric diode of large photosensistive surface; Also can adopt silicon PIN photoelectric tube and field effect transistor preamplifier assembly.31 is narrow band pass filter, is used for suppressing the interference of background noise.41 is the receiving optics according to the compound eye principle design.According to above-mentioned principle analysis, the receiving system of scattered light communication requires big as far as possible light beam acceptance angle.Utilize the combination function of compound eye, can increase the total receiving aperture and the width of light beam of reception.33 is the amplification and rectification circuit of detector.34 is electric signal processing circuit.
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of infrared laser scatter communication device embodiment two of the present invention.The left side is a transmitter among the figure.14 is a Q switching solid state laser.According to the maturity of technology, can select operation wavelength is the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm.15 is the driver in solid laser pumping light source.16 is the control circuit of Q switching.13 is data signal generator.21 is light beam collimation lens.Because the angle of divergence of Solid State Laser is more much smaller than semiconductor laser, therefore can be with the collimated of a long-focus.Collimating lens 21 need carry out concrete design according to the performance of laser the time of the invention process.
The right part of figure is an optical receiver.31,32,33,34 effect is identical with embodiment 1 with specification requirement among the figure.42 is wide-angle compound lenses among the figure, and it also has big receiving aperture.This programme also can adopt fly's-eye lens.Conversely, embodiment 1 also can adopt the wide-angle compound lens.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method, it is characterized in that it be utilize optical sender infrared laser system emission by the infrared laser of signal modulation by atmospheric scattering after, after the infrared band photo-detector reception with big acceptance angle of described optical receiver, realize the method for non-sight line optical communication through amplifying the processing of the shaping and the signal of telecommunication.
2, a kind of infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication device, comprise optical sender and optical receiver, it is characterized in that described optical sender comprises infrared laser (11) and light beam collimation lens (21), infrared laser driving power (12) and data signal generator (13) constitute, and described optical receiver is made of the amplification and rectification circuit (33) and the electric signal processing circuit (34) of wide-angle receiving optics (41), narrow band pass filter (31), infrared band photo-detector (32), detector.
3, infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described infrared laser (11) is the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm for the high power semiconductor lasers or the operation wavelength of the high power semiconductor lasers of 980nm wavelength or 800nm wavelength.
4, infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the photo-detector (32) of described near infrared band is the silicon photoelectric diode of large photosensistive surface, or silicon PIN photoelectric tube and field effect transistor preamplifier assembly.
5, infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described wide-angle receiving optics (41) is fly's-eye lens or wide-angle compound lens.
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| CNA2006101171614A CN1933372A (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2006-10-16 | Infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method and device |
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| CNA2006101171614A CN1933372A (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2006-10-16 | Infrared laser atmospheric scattering communication method and device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102394697A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-03-28 | 湖北久之洋红外系统有限公司 | Wide angle optical machine device for indoor wireless optical bus |
| CN102404049A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-04-04 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Wireless optical communication system based on cloud scattering |
| CN103209024A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-07-17 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Device and method for wireless light scattering communication on basis of Mie scattering |
| CN104539369A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Photoelectric receiving and transmitting device applicable to non-line-of-sight scattering communication |
| WO2017067354A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Laser receiving structure, battle device housing, and battle device |
| US10569183B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2020-02-25 | Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited | Information processing system, method, and system |
| CN112671467A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical communication identification device |
-
2006
- 2006-10-16 CN CNA2006101171614A patent/CN1933372A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102394697A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-03-28 | 湖北久之洋红外系统有限公司 | Wide angle optical machine device for indoor wireless optical bus |
| CN102394697B (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2016-04-27 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | A kind of wide angle optical machine device for indoor wireless light bus |
| CN102404049A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-04-04 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Wireless optical communication system based on cloud scattering |
| CN103209024A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-07-17 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Device and method for wireless light scattering communication on basis of Mie scattering |
| CN104539369A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Photoelectric receiving and transmitting device applicable to non-line-of-sight scattering communication |
| CN104539369B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-05-03 | 中国科学技术大学 | Photoelectric receiving and transmitting device applicable to non-line-of-sight scattering communication |
| WO2017067354A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Laser receiving structure, battle device housing, and battle device |
| US10569183B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2020-02-25 | Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited | Information processing system, method, and system |
| CN112671467A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical communication identification device |
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