CN1929727A - Remote passive circulating phase-change heat-diffusing method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation system and method. The system includes: an evaporator formed by filling liquid working fluid inside, and microgrooves are arranged on the inner surface of the heating surface, and the inner walls of the top and bottom of the evaporator There are criss-cross microgrooves on the top, vertical open condensation microgrooves are distributed longitudinally on the inner wall of a natural convection condenser, and a slope surface for quickly collecting condensate is arranged on the bottom of the inner cavity, and the slope surface is arranged along the length of the slope There are many diversion micro-grooves, and vertical fins for heat dissipation are arranged on both sides of the natural convection condenser; one end of the insulation hose is connected to the steam outlet of the evaporator, and the other end is connected to the steam inlet of the natural convection condenser. One end of the liquid return hose is connected to the condensate outlet of the natural convection condenser, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator. The system and method are applied to realize the purpose of remote, quiet, power-free and high-intensity heat dissipation and cooling of the entire heat dissipation system.

Description

A remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation method and heat dissipation system

technical field

The invention relates to a heat dissipation and cooling method for electronic and electric components, in particular to a remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation method and a heat dissipation system applied to various high-performance computer chips and high-power electronic and electric components.

Background technique

At present, most of the cooling of electronic and electrical components at home and abroad, especially computer chips, uses a single heat sink combined with a fan to perform local air cooling in the space where the heat-generating electronic device is located and a single use of high-efficiency heat-conducting liquid to flow through the position of the heat-generating electronic device. There are two methods of forced convection heat transfer through the heat-conducting metal wall that is in contact with the heat-generating electronic device, and the local single-phase liquid that transports heat from the liquid to the outside of the electronic and electrical system. Among them, the use of fans for local air cooling is currently the most widely used heat dissipation method. This technology usually attaches aluminum heat sinks to the surface of the computer chip, and smears thermal silica gel (silicon grease) on the contact surface of the two to reduce heat conduction. Use the aluminum heat sink to increase the convective heat transfer area, and then use a small fan to perform forced convection air cooling, and dissipate the heat derived from the chip to the computer chassis environment through the surface of the heat sink, so as to achieve the effect of cooling the chip . The design of the heat sink and the cooperation of the fan determine the heat dissipation effect of this air cooling method. However, with the continuous improvement of microelectronic chip integration, the continuous increase of clock frequency and the continuous reduction of chip size, the problems of chip energy consumption and heat dissipation have become increasingly prominent. The combination of heat sinks and fans on the market is now close to the limit load state. , it is difficult to meet the cooling requirements of high-performance chips. The main defect of this local air-cooling technology is that: there is power consumption in the operation of the fan, and it increases with the increase of the frequency of the chip; at the same time, with the increase of the power density of electronic and electrical components or chips, the The heat dissipation area of the heat sink has to be increased, so that the entire cooling device needs to occupy a large volume space, which cannot be realized in the narrow space of more and more electronic and electrical systems or computers in the present and future. And it is precisely because of the limitation of such a small space that the total heat dissipation capacity of the entire device cannot be further improved. In addition, such cooling devices are noisy due to working inside a closed electrical and electronic system equipment or computer case. The single local single-phase liquid forced convection heat transfer method is based on the principle that the liquid has a large heat capacity, high thermal conductivity, and can complete the directional transfer of heat under fully controllable conditions. Pumps, valves, and connected circulation pipelines quickly transfer the heat generated by the chip to the external environment of the electronic or computer system through the high-efficiency heat-conducting liquid circulating in the pipeline, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the temperature of the electronic or chip . The overall structure of this local single-phase liquid forced convection heat exchange heat dissipation device is a completely closed liquid circulation heat dissipation system. The main defect of this system is: the device of this heat dissipation method is complicated, and the power consumed by the pressure drop must be overcome when the water is circulated. The tightness requirement of the system is very high.

The inventor's ZL021306257 patent discloses a local heat dissipation method in which the cold end adopts a combination similar to a heat sink and a fan. The operation of the fan has power consumption, which increases with the increase of the chip frequency; The larger the required heat dissipation area, it is difficult to achieve in the narrow space of the computer, thus limiting the substantial improvement of the total heat dissipation capacity. Although this method has no power consumption at the hot end, it is a passive heat extraction method; however, the heat release method at the cold end uses a fan, which consumes power and is active heat release. Therefore, from the perspective of the entire system, the heat dissipation The method essentially still belongs to a kind of local active heat dissipation with power consumption.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to: solve the technical defects of low efficiency, high noise, high power consumption, large electronic and electrical system or limited functional space of the computer, and insufficient heat dissipation capacity existing in the existing local air-cooled heat dissipation technology; Solve the technical defects of the existing single local single-phase liquid forced convection heat exchange and heat exchange technology, such as high power consumption, complex device, need to use fluid control components such as pump valves and high sealing requirements, thus providing a The heat extraction unit phase change heat extraction, the heat is transported from the steam through the insulation pipeline to the remote condenser and the external environment for natural air cooling and heat release in a large space, and the condensed liquid is transported back to the heat extraction unit in a sequential circulation cooling cooling method; And provide a remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation method and heat dissipation system with no power consumption, quietness, small heat extraction area, high heat dissipation heat flux density and large total heat dissipation capacity.

Technical scheme of the present invention is such:

The remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation method provided by the present invention includes:

1. Directly at the place where the heating element needs to dissipate heat, set up a local heat-taking element whose heat-taking area is equivalent to the area to be dissipated, that is, a sealed cavity with many open micro-grooves on its inner wall to form an open micro-groove group, there is a liquid working medium inside the cavity; the heating surface of the local heating element is attached to the heating element, and the liquid working medium in the local heating element can form many thin liquid film regions in the micro channel by means of surface tension, Realize the high-intensity evaporation and boiling of the liquid working medium in the microgroove group in the heated area of the microgroove group, and turn it into steam to take away the heat generated by the heating element;

2. The steam insulation hose and one or more liquid return hoses that can form capillary force drive are used as heat and fluid transport devices, and are connected between the local heating element and the natural convection condenser to form a Externally closed system; the cooling system has an absolute pressure within the system in the range of 0.1-50kPa;

3. Then, heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outer surface of the natural convection condenser, and vertical open condensation microgrooves are arranged on the inner wall, so that the steam condenses and releases heat in the natural convection condenser. Under the action of surface tension, The condensate flows horizontally in the open condensation microgroove on the inner wall of the natural convection condenser to the valley area of the microgroove, so that the liquid film at the top of the groove is thinned, and the condensate is discharged to the condenser from top to bottom along the valley The bottom of the bottom; the heat released by the condensation of steam is conducted from the inner wall of the natural convection condenser to the rib surface of the outer wall of the natural convection condenser, and is finally lost to the external environment through a large area of natural convection heat exchange with the external environment, realizing the system. The purpose of remote heat dissipation;

4. Then through the return hose, the condensate at the bottom of the remote natural convection condenser flows back to the local heating element by means of gravity and capillary force, thus completing a cycle of heat extraction and heat release. To achieve the purpose of cooling the heating element.

The remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation system provided by the present invention includes: a vacuumized sealed cavity, and an evaporator 3 formed by filling the liquid working medium in it, and the micro channel 2 of the evaporator 3 is arranged on the heating surface of the sealed cavity On the inner surface of the evaporator, a group of microgrooves is formed, as shown in Figure 1a and Figure 1b; it is characterized in that it also includes a steam outlet at the top of the evaporator 3, a liquid inlet at the bottom, and a top and bottom inner wall The criss-cross micro-channel 4 (as shown in Figure 2) is arranged on the top; a vacuumized sealed cavity made of a heat-conducting metal material is a natural convection condenser 6, and the side inner walls of the natural convection condenser 6 are vertically distributed vertically. Straight open condensation microgroove 10, and a condensate outlet 13 is opened in the bottom center, and the bottom inner wall is made as the slope surface 11 in order to collect condensate rapidly, forms condensate outlet 13 places low, the structure (as Shown in Fig. 3 a), can utilize the effect of gravity and capillary force to accelerate the collection of condensate; On the slope surface, guide micro-grooves 9 are arranged along the slope length direction, and heat dissipation is arranged on the outside surface of natural convection type condenser 6. Straight fins 7 form a group of fins (as shown in Figure 3b); one end of the thermal insulation hose 5 is connected to the steam outlet of the evaporator 3, and the other end is connected to the steam inlet of the natural convection condenser 6; the return liquid is soft One end of the pipe 8 is connected to the condensate outlet 13 of the natural convection condenser 6, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator 3 (as shown in Figure 4); The wick is used to increase the capillary force that makes the condensate flow back to the evaporator 3 quickly.

In the above-mentioned technical scheme, the evaporator 3 is made of a heat-conducting metal material, such as metal copper, metal aluminum or stainless steel; the micro-grooves 2 arranged on the inner wall of the evaporator 3 are longitudinally distributed and arranged (as shown in Figure 1a) , the geometric shape of the micro-channel is a rectangular channel, a triangular channel, a trapezoidal channel or a U-shaped channel, the width and depth of the channel are in the range of 0.01-1mm, and the spacing between the micro-channels is 0.01 -1mm range. The size of the micro-channel 2 is suitable for forming a capillary force, which can suck the liquid working substance on the side of the micro-channel into the micro-channel 2 .

The width and depth of the criss-cross micro-channels are in the range of 0.01-1mm, and the spacing between the micro-channels is in the range of 0.01-1mm (as shown in Figure 2); the criss-cross micro-channels and the micro-channels 2 (formation of micro-groove group heat sink) to form through channels to form continuous capillary gravity to ensure the timely return of the condensate in the natural convection condenser and to avoid the blockage of the condensate along the way in the steam pipe to the steam outlet.

In the above technical solution, the natural convection condenser 6 is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as metal copper, metal aluminum or stainless steel. The inner wall of the natural convection condenser is densely covered with many vertical open condensation microgrooves 10 in the longitudinal direction. The geometric shape of the condensation microgrooves 10 is trapezoidal, triangular or wavy, and the width and depth of the condensation microgrooves 10 are within the range of 0.01-10mm. The spacing between the microgrooves is in the range of 0.01–20 mm, as shown in Figure 3c and Figure 3d. The outer surface of the natural convection condenser 6 is vertically densely covered with vertical micro-fins 7 to form a group of fins, wherein the height and width of the fins 7 are within the range of 0.1-20mm, and the spacing between the fins is within the range of 0.1-20mm .

In the above-mentioned technical scheme, the width and depth of the guide micro-channels 9 on the slope inside the natural convection condenser are all in the range of 0.01-1mm, and the spacing between the guide micro-channels is between 0.01-1mm. within 1mm.

In the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the steam insulation hose is in the range of 1-20mm, and it is directly made of a material with a small thermal conductivity and can be bent freely, selected from polyurethane tubes; or using softer metal materials And it is made by adding an insulating sleeve outside the pipe. The insulating hose plays the role of transporting the steam generated in the local evaporator to the remote natural convection condenser.

In the above technical solution, one end of the liquid return hose is connected to the condensate outlet of the natural convection condenser, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator. The inner diameter of the liquid return hose is in the range of 0.1-10mm, and it is made of a material that can be bent arbitrarily, selected from polyurethane tubes, and can form capillary force. A capillary wick can be installed in the liquid return hose to increase the capillary force that makes the condensate flow back to the evaporator quickly. The capillary core is a porous solid material, and the liquid return hose is equipped with a capillary core along the direction of the tube axis, and the capillary core is a 2-layer 250-mesh stainless steel wire mesh core. The liquid return hose can transport the condensate condensed in the remote natural convection condenser back to the local evaporator by gravity and capillary force.

Technical effect:

Studies at home and abroad have shown that the overall characteristics of flow and heat transfer in microchannels are very different from those in large-scale channels. The evaporation and boiling of working fluid in microchannels have extremely high intensity, which belongs to microspace scale The supernormal phenomenon of heat and mass transfer, the theoretical limit of phase change evaporation heat flux is about two orders of magnitude higher than the highest heat flux density of current high-power electronic and electrical components such as high-performance computer chips. It is a high-performance Cooling method. Local heating element (micro-groove group evaporator 3) among the present invention is owing to adopted the principle of evaporation and boiling heat transfer of working medium in the micro-groove, its size can be small to the heating surface of very little electrical and electronic components such as high The size of the performance computer chip matches; at the same time, the natural convection condenser in the present invention is arranged in a space away from the functional system of the electronic and electrical equipment, and can dissipate heat through large space natural convection heat exchange with the external environment. In addition, the heat and fluid transport device in the present invention adopts the principle of capillary pump two-phase suction circuit, which can transport the heat of high heat flux taken by the local heating element to the remote place in time. Therefore, the present invention can use the combination of the local heating element (micro-groove group evaporator), heat and fluid transport device, and remote heat releasing element (natural convection condenser) to make the tiny high-power electronics in the narrow space The high heat flux generated by electrical components is dissipated in a timely manner to the external large environmental space in different places, without the need for electronic and electrical components that generate heat in order to enhance convective heat exchange and cooling, as in some traditional cooling methods. Larger fins, electric fans and related heat dissipation and cooling components are arranged in the limited space, which can greatly save the functional space of the electronic and electrical equipment system, and realize the remote, silent, and power-free cooling of the entire heat dissipation system. , High-strength heat dissipation and cooling purposes.

In summary, the present invention differs from the prior art in that:

1. The heat dissipation system of the present invention is for off-site (remote) heat dissipation, not local heat dissipation;

2. The heat dissipation system of the present invention has no fan and no power consumption, and is completely passive heat dissipation. Although there are passive heat extraction methods in the prior art, there are fans in the heat release link, which has power consumption. Therefore, from the perspective of the entire system , still belongs to active heat dissipation;

3. Although the heat extraction link of the heat dissipation system of the present invention is the same as that of the prior art, the heat dissipation system of the present invention highlights the joint heat transfer mode of thin liquid film evaporation and thick liquid film boiling in the micro channel, while the existing technology only emphasizes Single heat transfer mode for thin liquid film evaporation in microchannels.

4. The heat dissipation system of the present invention has remote heat and fluid transport pipeline components, and a unique natural convection condenser structure, which can utilize the large-area heat dissipation surface of the natural convection condenser to achieve effective heat dissipation with the external environment. The prior art does not.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 a is a schematic plan view of the microchannel structure in the evaporator of the present invention

Fig. 1 b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microchannel in the evaporator of the present invention

Figure 2 Schematic plan view of the criss-cross micro-channel structure inside the evaporator

Figure 3a Sectional view of the bottom slope structure of the natural convection condenser

Figure 3b Side sectional view of a natural convection condenser

Fig. 3c is a structural schematic diagram of condensation microgrooves on the inner wall of the natural convection condenser of the present invention

Fig. 3 d is the sectional schematic diagram of the condensation microgroove on the inner wall of the natural convection condenser of the present invention

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation system of the present invention

The illustrations are as follows:

Heating body-1; micro-groove-2; micro-groove group evaporator-3;

Vertical and horizontal micro-groove-4; Steam insulation hose-5; Natural convection condenser-6;

Rib-7; Return liquid hose-8; Diversion microchannel-9

Condensation microgroove-10 slope surface-11 steam inlet-12

Condensate outlet -13

Detailed ways

Example 1

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in detail:

Referring to Figure 4, a remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation system is produced. It includes a rectangular sealed cavity made of metal copper with good thermal conductivity, and an evaporator 3 formed by vacuuming, which can also be called a heat-taking element. The top of this evaporator 3 has a vapor outlet, and the bottom has a liquid inlet, and criss-cross microchannels 4 (as shown in Figure 2 ) are set on the top and bottom inner walls. The inner wall of the heating surface of the cavity of the micro-groove group evaporator 3 is provided with a rectangular micro-groove 2 to form a micro-groove group, which can also be called a micro-groove group evaporator 3 . The pitch of the micro-channels 2 is 0.3 mm, the width of the micro-channels 2 is 0.2 mm and the channel depth is 0.7 mm. The size of described rectangular micro-channel 2 is suitable for forming stronger capillary force, so that dehydrated alcohol or distilled water etc. in the micro-groove group evaporator 3 have higher vaporization latent heat liquid working medium through micro-channel 2 Inhaled into the heated area in the microchannel 2 to form high-intensity evaporation and boiling, and become steam to take away the heat generated by the heating element. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the heating surface of the cavity of the micro-groove group evaporator 3 is closely attached to the outer surface of the heating element 1 through heat-conducting silica gel (silicone grease).

The natural convection condenser 6 of the present embodiment is a metal with good thermal conductivity, such as metal aluminum or copper to make a rectangular sealed chamber, and its inner wall is provided with many vertical open trapezoidal condensation microgrooves 10, condensation microgrooves The width and depth of 10 are both 1.5mm, and the spacing between condensation microgrooves 10 is 0.5mm, as shown in Fig. 3c and Fig. 3d. Both sides of the outer surface of the natural convection condenser 6 are respectively arranged with 38 vertical rectangular fins 7 for heat dissipation to form a fin group; the fins are metal aluminum sheets with a height of 10 mm and a width of 1 mm. The spacing is 2mm. Open the condensate outlet 13 in the center of the bottom surface of the 6 chambers of the natural convection condenser, and make a slope surface 11 in the bottom surface (the lowest structure at the condensate outlet 13 and high on both sides), the angle of the slope is 45 °, and the slope surface 11 is provided with a rectangular diversion micro-channel 9, the width of the diversion micro-channel 9 is 1.5 mm, the depth is 2 mm, and the distance between the diversion micro-channels is 1.5 mm.

One inner diameter is the insulation hose 5 of polyurethane material of 4mm, and one end links to each other with the steam outlet of microgroove group evaporator 3, and the other end joins with the steam inlet 12 of natural convection condenser 6; Another inner diameter is 3mm Polyurethane liquid return hose 8, one end of which is connected to the condensate outlet 13 of the natural convection condenser 6, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet of the micro-groove group evaporator 3, and the steam is connected to the micro-groove group evaporator 3 through The insulation hose 5 flows into the natural convection condenser 6.

The geometry of the condensation microgroove 10 on the natural convection condenser 6 inner wall of another embodiment can also be arranged to be zigzag, as shown in Fig. 3c and Fig. 3d, the width and the depth of the zigzag condensation microgroove 10 are all in Within the range of 2mm, the spacing between microgrooves is 0.6mm. The outer surface is vertically densely covered with vertical micro-fins 7, wherein the height of the ribs is 12mm, the width is 2mm, and the spacing between the ribs is 4mm.

The natural convection condenser 6 is placed vertically outside the case or cabinet of the electrical and electronic equipment, or embedded in the wall of the case or cabinet. Steam mainly condenses and releases heat at the top of the open trapezoidal condensation microgroove on the inner wall of the natural convection condenser 6. Under the action of surface tension, the condensate flows horizontally to the valley area of the microgroove, reducing the liquid film at the top of the groove. The condensate is drained from top to bottom along the trough to the bottom of the natural convection condenser 6. The bottom of the natural convection condenser 6 is arranged with a slope surface to quickly collect the condensate. The slope surface is along the length of the slope. There are rectangular guide micro-grooves arranged in the direction, which can accelerate the collection of condensate by using the action of gravity and capillary force. The heat released by steam condensation is conducted from the inner wall of the natural convection condenser 6 to the surface of the rectangular fins 7 on the outer wall of the natural convection condenser 6, and is finally lost to the external environment through natural convection heat exchange with the external environment. The condensate at the bottom of the natural convection condenser 6 passes through the liquid return hose 8, by means of gravity and the criss-cross microgrooves on the wall where the condensate return outlet is located in the liquid return hose 8 and the microgroove group evaporator 3 4 and the strong continuous capillary gravitation formed by the evaporation microgroove 2 flows back to the evaporator 3 in time, thereby completing a cycle of heat extraction and heat release to achieve the purpose of cooling the heating element.

Embodiment 2: The heating surface in the heating element (micro-groove group evaporator) of this embodiment is the outer heating surface of the heating element. That is, the surface of the heating body and the micro-groove group evaporator are directly integrated as the inner heating surface of the micro-groove group evaporator, and rectangular micro-groove channels are engraved on the surface to form a micro-groove group. Wherein the steam insulation pipe 5 is made of a copper tube, and a plastic sleeve is coated outside the copper tube, and the other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3: In this embodiment, the larger walls of the cabinets and cabinets of electrical and electronic equipment are directly used to make thinner natural convection condensers. The same for convective condensers. Other parts of this embodiment are the same as Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4: In this embodiment, a capillary wick is installed in the liquid return hose 8 along the direction of the tube axis to increase the capillary force for the condensate to quickly flow back to the evaporator. The capillary core is a 2-layer 250-mesh stainless steel wire mesh core. Other parts of this embodiment are the same as Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 5: The method for dissipating heat by utilizing the remote passive circulation phase change heat dissipation system made in Embodiment 1 includes the following steps:

1. The micro-groove group evaporator 3 of the rectangular sealed cavity of the system is closely attached to the outer surface of the heating element 1 through heat-conducting silica gel (silicone grease), and the liquid working medium in the micro-groove group evaporator 3 can use the surface The tension forms many thin liquid film areas in the micro-groove, realizing the high-intensity evaporation and boiling of the liquid working medium in the micro-groove group in the heated area of the micro-groove group, and turns into steam to take away the heat generated by the heating element;

2. Connect the steam insulation hose and the liquid return hose between the local heating element and the natural convection condenser to form an externally closed system; and make the heat dissipation system have an absolute pressure in the system within the range of 0.1 to 50kPa both can;

3. Then, heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outer surface of the natural convection condenser, and vertical open condensation microgrooves are arranged on the inner wall, so that the steam condenses and releases heat in the natural convection condenser. Under the action of surface tension, The condensate flows horizontally in the open micro-groove on the inner wall of the natural convection condenser to the valley area of the micro-groove, so that the liquid film at the top of the groove is thinned, and the condensate is discharged from top to bottom along the valley to the bottom of the condenser The heat released by the condensation of steam is conducted from the inner wall of the natural convection condenser to the rib surface of the outer wall of the natural convection condenser, and is finally lost to the external environment through the large-area natural convection heat exchange with the external environment, so as to realize the system. The purpose of remote heat dissipation;

4. Then through the return hose, the condensate at the bottom of the remote natural convection condenser flows back to the local heating element by means of gravity and capillary force, thus completing a cycle of heat extraction and heat release. To achieve the purpose of cooling the heating element.

Claims (10)

1. long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat method comprises:

A. directly in place that heater need dispel the heat, one its heat-obtaining area is set and needs the suitable local heat-obtaining element of area of dissipation, this this locality heat-obtaining element is a seal chamber, and its inwall has many open micro-channel, form open microflute group, inside cavity has liquid working substance; The heat-obtaining face of local heat-obtaining element is attached to heater, liquid working substance in the local heat-obtaining element can form many thin liquid films zone by surface tension in micro-channel, realize high-intensity evaporation and boiling in the heat affected zone of liquid working substance in the microflute group in the microflute group, become steam and take away the heat that heater produces;

B. with steam insulation flexible pipe and the return flexible hose that can form the capillary force driving action as heat and fluid transport device, be connected between local heat-obtaining element and the free convection formula condenser, form a system to outer closure; This cooling system has intrasystem absolute pressure and is in 0.1～50kPa scope;

C. on free convection formula condenser outer surface, radiated rib is set then, be furnished with the vertically open microflute that condenses with its inwall, make steam condensation heat in free convection formula condenser, under capillary effect, condensation water along continuous straight runs in the open microflute of free convection formula condenser inwall flows to microflute trough valley zone, make the liquid film attenuate at place, groove top, condensate liquid then is excreted to the bottom of condenser along the trough valley from top to down; The heat that vapor condenses discharged is transmitted on the rib surface of free convection formula condenser outer walls by free convection formula condenser inwall, finally be lost in the external environment by the large tracts of land heat transfer free convection of carrying out with external environment, thus the long-range lost purpose of heat of the system of realization;

D. again by the condensation water of return flexible hose,, flow back in the local heat-obtaining element, thereby finish the circulation of a heat-obtaining and heat release, reach and make the heater cooling purpose by means of the effect of gravity and capillary force with long-range free convection formula condenser bottom.

2. long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat system, comprise: an annular seal space that vacuumizes of making by thermal conductive metallic material, and the evaporator (3) that perfusion fluid working medium forms in it, the micro-channel of this evaporator 3 (2) are arranged on the inner surface of heating surface of annular seal space, form the microflute group; It is characterized in that the top that also is included in evaporator (3) has steam (vapor) outlet and the bottom has inlet, and crisscross micro-channel (4) is set on top and bottom interior wall; One annular seal space of being made by thermal conductive metallic material that vacuumizes is a free convection formula condenser (6), the side inwall of this free convection formula condenser (6) is the vertical open microflute that condenses (10) of distribution vertically, with open a condensate outlet (13) in bottom center, and bottom interior wall makes in order to the slope of rapid collection condensation water (11), formation condensate outlet (13) is located low, the structure that the inwall both sides are high; Slope, slope upper edge length direction is furnished with water conservancy diversion microflute (9), on free convection formula condenser (6) two lateral surfaces the vertical fin of heat transmission (7) is set, and forms the fin group; One end of heat-preserving hose (5) links to each other with the steam (vapor) outlet of evaporator (3), and the steam inlet of the other end and free convection formula condenser (6) joins; One end of return flexible hose (8) is located to link to each other with the condensate outlet (13) of free convection formula condenser (6), and the inlet of the other end and evaporator (3) joins; Described return flexible hose installs capillary wick additional in (8).

3. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that, the micro-channel (2) that is provided with on the described evaporator internal face is a rectangular duct, the conduit of rectangle, triangle, trapezoidal or U-shaped, this micro-channel is vertically arranged evenly, all in the 0.01-1mm scope, the spacing between the micro-channel is in the 0.01-1mm scope for the width of conduit and the degree of depth.

4. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that described free convection formula condenser (6) is made by thermal conductive metallic material; The vertically densely covered vertically open microflute that condenses (10) of free convection formula condenser inwall, the geometry of microflute (10) of condensing is trapezoidal, triangle or waveform, condense the width of microflute (10) and the degree of depth in the 0.01-10mm scope, condense spacing between the microflute in the 0.01-20mm scope.

5. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that all in the scope of 0.1-20mm, spacing of fins is in the 0.1-20mm scope for the height of described fin (7) and width.

6. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that all in the 0.01-1mm scope, the spacing between the micro-channel is in the 0.01-1mm scope for the width of described water conservancy diversion micro-channel (9) and the degree of depth.

7. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that the geometry of described crisscross micro-channel (4) is rectangle, triangle, trapezoidal or U-shaped; The width of described crisscross micro-channel (4) and the degree of depth are in the 0.01-1mm scope, and the spacing between the micro-channel is in the 0.01-1mm scope.

8. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that, described steam insulation flexible pipe (5) is by making by crooked arbitrarily material, and this can be selected from polyurethane tube by crooked arbitrarily material, or employing is covered the plastic, thermal-insulation pipe in the outsourcing of metal copper pipe; Described return flexible hose (8) is by making by crooked arbitrarily material, and this can be selected from polyurethane tube by crooked arbitrarily material, or adopts metallic copper, stainless steel tube; Its steam insulation flexible pipe (5) and return flexible hose (8) internal diameter are in the scope of 1-20mm.

9. by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that described thermal conductive metallic material is selected from metallic copper, metallic aluminium or stainless steel.

10 by the described long-range passive type circulating phase-change heat of claim 2 system, it is characterized in that installs capillary wick additional along tube axial direction in the described return flexible hose, this capillary wick is 2 layer of 250 purpose stainless steel wire web-roll core.

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