CN1852012B - Electromagnetic gear and its making method - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention discloses a magnetic gear and its processing method, in which, a magnetic coil and a magnetic conductivity pole rod are mounted on the gear shaft, the rod has poles N and S mutually tabled and surrounding the outside of the gear shaft to form poles N and S arrayed in stagger to get electromagnetic gears to be put in parallel with a gap, when a gear rotates, it drives the other to operate in the coupling action of the magnetic force of air-gap magnetic field, which has many advantages that ordinary ones do not have: the magnetic force gear is a cylinder, the drive is un-contact without lubrication, friction, wear and tear nor vibration noises.

Description

Electromagnetic gear and manufacturing method thereof

Technical field: The present invention relates to an electromagnetic gear and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of transmission gears.

Background technology: The traditional gear device transmits power by the meshing between gear teeth, which belongs to contact transmission. Although this gear is already a mature product, although the processing accuracy and performance are continuously improved with the progress of processing equipment, the structure and transmission mode of this gear make it have some inherent shortcomings. For example, the gear teeth are subject to bending stress and surface contact stress, which causes gear tooth fatigue and wear of the tooth surface, so the working life is limited; and the meshing surface of the gear teeth must be lubricated, which also involves a series of problems such as lubrication and sealing of the gears. ; And the transmission gear also has problems such as vibration and noise during work, and the use effect is not good in some environments.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to: provide a kind of all-new electromagnetic gear and manufacturing method thereof from transmission mechanism to structural form, transmission mechanism of the present invention is based on the electromagnetism of Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory, and the electromagnetic gear that obtains is non-contact transmission, has No need for lubrication, no friction and energy consumption, no wear, smooth transmission, no vibration and noise, clean and pollution-free, etc., to overcome some inherent shortcomings of traditional gear devices.

The present invention is achieved in the following way: the electromagnetic gear is manufactured in the following steps: an electromagnetic coil and a magnetically conductive pole are installed on the gear shaft, the magnetically conductive pole is divided into two parts, the N pole and the S pole, and the magnetically conductive poles of the N pole and the S pole are connected to each other. Fitting, surrounding the outside of the gear shaft, forming N poles and S poles staggered along the circumference on the gear shaft to obtain an electromagnetic gear; place two electromagnetic gears in parallel, leaving a gap, and the magnetic poles on the electromagnetic gear are different The magnetically conductive poles are close together, and when one of the electromagnetic gears rotates, the other electromagnetic gear is driven to rotate through the coupling effect of the air gap magnetic field.

Electromagnetic gear of the present invention, it comprises gear shaft 9, is installed with magnetic conduction sleeve 3 on gear shaft 9, is provided with electromagnetic coil 5 on the magnetic conduction sleeve 3, has a between magnetic conduction sleeve 3 and electromagnetic coil 5 Gap; on the gear shaft 9 at both ends of the electromagnetic coil 5, a right claw pole 1 and a left claw pole 4 are respectively installed, and the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 are annularly provided with a pole rod 12 as an electromagnetic N pole and an S pole, The "pole rod" referred to here can also be called "pole claw", "pole tooth" or "gear tooth", there is a gap between the two pole rods 12 on the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4, and Fitted with each other, they are arranged in a staggered manner on the outside of the electromagnetic coil 5 to form a cylinder with N and S poles alternated. The N pole and S pole of the electromagnetic gear cannot be in contact, otherwise the magnetic flux on the electromagnetic gear will not work normally, so the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 do not touch each other, and the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 are on the upper pole The size of the gap between 12 is determined according to the size and specification of the actual electromagnetic gear, there is no specific requirement, but in order to reduce the leakage flux, the gap between the electromagnetic coil 5 and the magnetic sleeve 3 and the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 The gap should be as small as possible, but they cannot touch each other.

For the above-mentioned electromagnetic gear, the magnetic isolation ring 2 is installed on the right claw pole 1, and the pole rod 12 of the left claw pole 4 is fixed on the magnetic isolation ring 2, which is more firmly fixed.

The structure of the above-mentioned electromagnetic gear and the electromagnetic coil 5 includes a magnetic frame 13 , a coil 14 and a coil frame 15 .

The above-mentioned electromagnetic gear has a casing 6 over the gear shaft 9, and one end of the gear shaft 9 is installed on the casing 6 through a bearing 7, and the electromagnetic coil 5 is fixed on the casing 6, and the electromagnetic coil 5 does not rotate with the gear shaft 9. Reduce moment of inertia.

The present invention is completely different from traditional gears in terms of transmission mechanism and structural form, and overcomes some inherent shortcomings of traditional gears. The transmission mechanism of the present invention is electromagnetism based on Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory. Based on the research of magnetic physics on the microscopic physical and chemical structure and interaction mechanism of materials, as well as the exploration of the design and processing methods of magnetic materials, the applicant applies new technologies, new materials and new processes to the magnetic field , develop the electromagnetic gear of the present invention. The present invention has many advantages that conventional gear transmission does not have: firstly, the magnetic gear is a cylinder and does not need to process gear teeth, so there are no inherent defects of traditional gears; since the magnetic gear is non-contact transmission, no lubrication and no friction Energy consumption, no wear, smooth transmission, no vibration and noise, clean and pollution-free; in addition, it has low starting torque, has overload protection in the transmission system, can adapt to asymmetry, and is also very convenient to use and maintain. Therefore, the electromagnetic gear of the present invention is a pollution-free and environment-friendly product. These advantages make magnetic gears have good application prospects. At the same time, the present invention utilizes a energized coil to generate a magnetic field, that is, the strength of the magnetic field can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the coil current, so that the acting torque can be adjusted. If a suitable control system is adopted, the electromagnetic gear can also change with the load Automatically adjust the transmission torque to make the system transmission stable and save energy consumption.

Description of the drawings: Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Accompanying drawing 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the right claw pole and the left claw pole on the gear shaft; Accompanying drawing 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the right claw pole; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram in the direction of B in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left claw pole; Figure 7 is a left view of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram in the direction of A in Figure 7; Accompanying drawing 9 is the structure diagram of electromagnetic coil; Accompanying drawing 10 is the principle diagram of the magnetic flux of transmission of the present invention; Accompanying drawing 11 is the schematic diagram of the use of electromagnetic gear; Accompanying drawing 12 is the magnetic pole distribution diagram of electromagnetic gear.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1 of the present invention: the gear shaft 9 is made of a completely non-magnetic material. The gear shaft 9 needs to rotate and bear torque when transmitting power, but it is not magnetically conductive. The right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 are respectively installed on the gear shaft 9, the right claw pole 1 (N pole, as shown in Figure 3) and the left claw pole 3 (S pole, as shown in Figure 6), they are in the structure There are differences, but the same point is that one end is all ring-shaped several pole rods 12, which are evenly distributed along the circumference; one end of the right claw pole 1 is ring-shaped, and all pole rods 12 are connected into one. The pole rods on the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 have the same length, the same geometric dimensions of the axial cross-sections (the axial cross-sectional shape can be rectangular or trapezoidal, etc.), and the number is equal. The right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 The pole rods 12 are fitted with each other, and are arranged in a staggered manner parallel to the axis on the outer edge of the gear, forming a cylinder with N poles and S poles alternated. Among them, the right end of the left claw pole 4 is set on the right claw pole 1 through the magnetic isolation ring 2, as shown in Fig. The cross-sectional shape and geometric dimensions are the same as those of the right claw pole 1. One end of all pole rods 12 is connected to a ring, and the other end of the pole rod 12 is bent and connected to another ring. The ring is set on the magnetic isolation ring 2. . The magnetic conducting sleeve 3 is installed on the gear shaft 9 and rotates together with the gear shaft 9 . An annular space is formed between the magnetic conducting sleeve 3 and the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4. As shown in FIG. There is a box body 6, one end of the gear shaft 9 is installed on the box body 6 through the bearing 7, the electromagnetic coil 5 is fixed on the box body 6 by screws, and does not rotate together with the gear shaft 9, so that the moment of inertia can be reduced, and at the same time, in order to reduce Flux leakage, the gap between the electromagnetic coil 5 and the magnetic sleeve 3 and the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 should be as small as possible, but they cannot touch each other. Among them, the right claw pole 1, the left claw pole 4, and the magnetic sleeve 3 are all made of soft magnetic materials with good magnetic permeability; the magnetic isolation ring 2 and the gear shaft 9 are made of completely non-magnetic materials. Finally, a stuffy cover 8 is installed at an end where the bearing 7 is installed in the casing 6, and a casing cover 10 and a transparent cover 11 are installed at the other end of the casing 6 to ensure the sealing in the casing 6.

The electromagnetic coil 5 is composed of a magnetic frame 13 , a coil 14 and a coil frame 15 . The coil 14 is wound on the coil frame 15 , and the coil frame 15 is sleeved on the magnetic permeable frame 13 . The coil 14 is made of ordinary copper wire, and the number of winding turns depends on the size of the torque transmitted by the gear. The two wire ends of the coil 14 are placed at the same end and drawn out through the hole on the wall of the box body 6, and are connected with the power supply and the control device. connected to control the magnitude of the current or voltage according to the change of the load. The thickness of the coil frame 15 should be very thin, and both the coil frame 15 and the magnetic permeable frame 13 are made of materials with good magnetic permeability.

After the electromagnetic gear is installed, first electrify the electromagnetic coil 5 to generate magnetic flux in the electromagnetic coil 5, so that the right end is N pole and the left end is S pole. The magnetic sleeve 3 is magnetized, and the magnetic flux passes through the ring of the right claw pole 1 to the pole rod 12 of the right pole claw 1 along the axial direction, so that the pole rod 12 has N pole magnetism; the magnetic flux at the left end of the electromagnetic coil 5 is guided Magnetic frame 13 is to the pole bar 12 of left claw pole 4, makes pole bar 12 band S polarity. Since the pole rods 12 of the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 are engaged with each other, a magnetic distribution between N and S phases is formed on the circumference of the electromagnetic gear, as shown in FIG. 12 .

Working principle: When a pair of electromagnetic gears work, they form an external meshing gear transmission. As shown in Figure 11, the outer edges of the two electromagnetic gears are evenly distributed with N poles and S poles. The two polarities are close together (not in contact with each other), when the driving electromagnetic gear rotates, the driven electromagnetic gear rotates due to the coupling of the two polarities. The gap between the two opposite poles 12 of the driving and driven electromagnetic gears constitutes an air gap magnetic field for power transmission. When other conditions are the same, the height of the air gap directly affects the magnitude of the magnetic torque transmitted by the gear. When the electromagnetic coil 5 is supplied with current, the magnetic sleeve 3 is magnetically activated, and the magnetic flux passes through the ring of the right claw pole 1 to the pole rod 12 (N pole) of the right claw 1 along the axial direction, and then the magnetic flux passes through the gas Gap magnetic field to the pole rod 12 (S pole) of the driven electromagnetic gear, and then returned by the air gap magnetic field, through the ring of the left claw pole 4 of the active electromagnetic gear, the magnetic frame 13, and then through the magnetic sleeve 3, back to to the right claw pole (N pole), thus forming a closed main magnetic flux path of the electromagnetic gear, as shown in Figure 10.

Embodiment 2 of the present invention: design a pair of spur-toothed cylindrical electromagnetic gears, the transmission ratio is 1: 1, and the basic parameters are as follows: the materials of the right claw pole 1, the left claw pole 4 and the magnetic sleeve 3 are all selected No. 10 steel, The gear shaft 9 and the magnetic isolation ring 2 are made of stainless steel. The number of poles 12 of the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 of the driving and driven wheels is 6, the outer diameter D1 of the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 = 83mm, the inner diameter D2 = 66mm, and the pole length L = 39mm , the air gap magnetic field height tg=0.5mm, the copper wire diameter d=0.77mm used in the electromagnetic coil 5, the number of winding layers m=4, and the number of turns per unit length of the coil n=20 turns/cm. First make the gear shaft 9, and then respectively install the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 on the gear shaft 9, the pole rods 12 of the right claw pole 1 and the left claw pole 4 are fitted with each other, and are arranged in a staggered manner parallel to the axis on the outer edge of the gear , forming a cylinder with N poles and S poles alternated. Wherein, the right end of the left claw pole 4 is sleeved on the right claw pole 1 through the magnetic isolation ring 2, and the left end of the left claw pole 4 is ring-shaped, suspended in the air without support. Install the magnetic sleeve 3 on the gear shaft 9, form an annular space between the magnetic sleeve 3 and the right claw pole 1, and the left claw pole 4, make the electromagnetic coil 5 according to the prior art, and place the electromagnetic coil 5 Install the left end of the left claw pole 4 into the above-mentioned annular space, and then put a box body 6 on the gear shaft 9, install one end of the gear shaft 9 on the box body 6 through the bearing 7, and the electromagnetic coil 5 is fixed on the box body by screws 6, do not rotate together with the gear shaft 9, install the stuffy cover 8 at one end of the box body 6 where the bearing 7 is installed, install the box cover 10 and the transparent cover 11 at the other end of the box body 6, and the gear shaft 9 passes through the box cover 10 and the transparent cover 11. Guarantee the airtightness inside the box body 6 .

Claims (3)

1. An electromagnetic gear, which comprises a gear shaft (9), is characterized in that: a magnetic conduction sleeve (3) is installed on the gear shaft (9), and the magnetic conduction sleeve (3) is provided with an electromagnetic coil (5 ), there is a gap between the magnetic sleeve (3) and the electromagnetic coil (5); the right claw pole (1) and the left claw pole (4) are respectively installed on the gear shaft (9) at both ends of the electromagnetic coil (5) ), the right claw pole (1) and the left claw pole (4) are annularly provided with pole rods (12) as electromagnetic N pole and S pole, two poles on the right claw pole (1) and the left claw pole (4) There is a gap between the rods (12), and they are fitted with each other, and are arranged staggered outside the electromagnetic coil (5) to form a cylinder with N and S poles alternated; install the magnetic isolation ring (2) on the right claw pole (1) ), the pole rod (12) of the left claw pole (4) is fixed on the magnetic isolation ring (2). 2. The electromagnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the electromagnetic coil (5) comprises a magnetically permeable frame (13), a coil (14) and a bobbin (15), and on the magnetically permeable frame (13) A coil frame (15) is sleeved, and a coil (14) is installed on the coil frame (15). 3. The electromagnetic gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear shaft (9) is covered with a casing (6), and one end of the gear shaft (9) is mounted on the casing (6) through a bearing (7) , the electromagnetic coil (5) is fixed on the casing (6).

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