CN1842274A - 无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物 - Google Patents
无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1842274A CN1842274A CNA2004800244602A CN200480024460A CN1842274A CN 1842274 A CN1842274 A CN 1842274A CN A2004800244602 A CNA2004800244602 A CN A2004800244602A CN 200480024460 A CN200480024460 A CN 200480024460A CN 1842274 A CN1842274 A CN 1842274A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dihydrogen citrate
- silver dihydrogen
- anhydrous
- citric acid
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- QZRSVBDWRWTHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;3-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxy-5-oxopentanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC(O)=O QZRSVBDWRWTHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 57
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 46
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 6
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000194031 Enterococcus faecium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
- RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000020154 Acnes Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001674939 Caulanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000183685 Citrus aurantium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007716 Citrus aurantium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006536 Dioscorea esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001811 Dioscorea oppositifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003416 Dioscorea oppositifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000709661 Enterovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000701074 Human alphaherpesvirus 2 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001500351 Influenzavirus A Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005993 Lactuca saligna Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003127 Lactuca serriola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000186781 Listeria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186779 Listeria monocytogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000070406 Malus silvestris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000186429 Propionibacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FNBULQHGNNELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Ag+3].C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] Chemical compound [Ag+3].C(CC(O)(C(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-] FNBULQHGNNELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960004543 anhydrous citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000162 fungitoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/235—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group
- C07C59/245—Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C59/265—Citric acid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物包括柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸。所述无水组合物可通过冷冻干燥制备。所述无水组合物可用适合的稀释剂复制以形成柠檬酸二氢银组合物。所述无水组合物可复制,并可施用在多种基质上以将抗微生物效果赋予所述基质。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体涉及抗微生物组合物。具体而言,本发明提供了包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的组合物、制备该组合物的方法以及使用该固体组合物的抗微生物方法。
背景技术
抗微生物金属离子溶液已被用作消毒剂。银溶液已在冷却塔、游泳池、医院热水系统、移动式水系统和温泉池中用作消毒剂。另外,还制得了银离子溶液用于伤口处理,然而,在所提出方法中使用的银离子并不稳定,且必须生成于伤口附近以将治疗剂量递送至伤口处。
亦已提出了将银盐(例如柠檬酸银盐)用作抗微生物粉剂(dustingagent)。然而,这些粉剂必须干燥保存,而且一般不能方便地将防腐的有益特性赋予消耗类产品(consumer product)或者将抗微生物效果作用于最终使用者或最终使用者所处环境。已发现胶态银具有多种用途,包括:木材防腐剂;食物、饮料容器以及工业加工设备的消毒剂;涂料中的杀细菌剂;合成聚合物膜中的杀生物剂;和绷带中的灭菌剂。
美国专利US 6,197,814(全文纳入本申请中)已公开了柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的含水溶液在多种场合中用作消毒剂。这种柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的水溶液通过使电流经过浸入柠檬酸水溶液中的一对银电极而制得。它对绝大多种微生物有效,所述微生物包括细菌、病毒和真菌,并且在有效对抗微生物侵染的浓度下对人类环境中无毒。然而,含水溶液体积庞大且笨重,因此在储存和运输方面并不经济。
需要一种储存和/或运输经济的柠檬酸二氢银组合物。为达到其所需储存空间最小以及运输重量最小的目的,该组合物应基本无水。该组合物在与水或其他含水溶液混合时,应能够提供与柠檬酸二氢银溶液相同的有益的抗微生物效果。本发明满足了上述需求,亦提供了相关的优点。
发明内容
本发明提供了包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的组合物以及制备所述组合物的方法。该方法包括冻结含水柠檬酸二氢银的储液,然后冷冻干燥上述已冻结的储液以制得无水柠檬酸二氢银。
本发明还提供了通过以下方式使用无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的方法:将无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸与含水稀释剂混合,以制得抗微生物有效的含水柠檬酸二氢银溶液。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的组合物。出人意料的是,已发现无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物在一段时间后可复制(bereconstituted)以制备稳定的具有有效抗微生物活性的柠檬酸二氢银溶液。该无水组合物具有储存简便、经济的优点。还具有比运输柠檬酸二氢银的含水溶液更经济的优点。由于该无水组合物可用水或其他含水稀释剂方便地复制,因此该无水组合物提供了一种柠檬酸二氢银的含水溶液的方便替代品。
已确定,在由电解浸入柠檬酸电解质溶液的银电极而制得的溶液中,柠檬酸二氢银为抗微生物活性组分。柠檬酸二氢银的结构可由结构式I表示:
(I),
其中Ag+为银离子,带负电的碳酸根(carbonate)(COO-)为二氢柠檬酸部分中最可能带电的基团(group)。该复合物(complex)的化学结构为AgC6H7O7,分子量为298.99g/mol。从上述结构式可以看出,柠檬酸二氢银是一种盐,其中银离子为阳离子,二氢柠檬酸根为阴离子。在溶液中,所述盐处于离解状态,上述阳离子和阴离子被水分子包围,所述水分子通过其极性OH基团与上述离子缔合。
柠檬酸可由结构式II表示:
其化学结构为C6H8O7,分子量192.13g/mol。柠檬酸可容易地从市场购得。柠檬酸极易溶于水。柠檬酸的含水溶液在25℃时的浓度最高可达约60%(重量/体积)。
本发明还提供了制备固体柠檬酸二氢银组合物的方法。该方法起始于提供柠檬酸二氢银储液,如美国专利US6,197,814所述。制备柠檬酸二氢银溶液的方法概述如下:
制备柠檬酸二氢银储液的方法为电解方法。该方法开始于制备电解质溶液,所述溶液为含柠檬酸的含水溶液。已发现,柠檬酸的浓度在约1%(重量/体积)至约柠檬酸在水中的溶解极限(约60%重量/体积)范围内时,所述柠檬酸溶液适于制备柠檬酸二氢银溶液。在一些实施方案中,该范围为约5重量%至25重量%,具体数值为10重量%、15重量%和20重量%。所述电解质可包含不会影响该电解法的其他组分。
将一对银电极以一段合适的间距浸入电解质溶液中,使离子流在两个电极间流动。合适的间距为约2mm以上,例如约2mm至8mm。在电极间施加电解势以在电极间产生离子电流流动。虽然可采用直流(D.C.)电源来施加电解势,但已发现对电极施加交变波形更理想。合适的电压为约12伏至约50伏。合适的交变波形(alternatingwave)向电极施加峰值电压约12伏至50伏的脉冲电压,且进行周期间歇性相反转。通过得到的经过电解质溶液的离子流,制得柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的含水溶液。所述溶液可通过例如沉降、过滤或两者结合的方法做进一步处理,然后在制备无水柠檬酸二氢银的方法中使用。
前述方法可以以间歇方式进行或以连续方式进行。还可使柠檬酸二氢银溶液循环经过电解池,以提高溶液中柠檬酸二氢银的最终浓度。本领域技术人员可以领会的是,前述步骤可以本领域已知的多种不同方式实施。该方法更完整详细地描述于美国专利US 6,197,814(在此通过引用纳入本申请)及以下实施例中。本申请中,所得溶液被称为“储液”,其含义是尚未经过冷冻干燥处理的柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的水溶液。
得到储液后,下一步是从储液中去除水以制得无水柠檬酸二氢银。已发现冷冻干燥可得到优质的产物。在冷冻干燥过程中,含有柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸溶液的冻结溶液经真空处理,由此使溶液的温度和压力降至低于水的三相点。低于三相点时,水就会升华,直接从固相进入气相。在一些实施方案中,首先将溶液冻结,然后置于冷冻干燥装置中。可以通过溶液其置于寒冷环境(例如制冷器)中进行冻结。在其他实施方案中,将溶液置于冷冻干燥装置中然后冻结。由于蒸发是吸热过程,因此溶液可通过将其放置在冷冻干燥装置中并使其处于真空状态来冻结。随着水从所述溶液试样中蒸发,热量从试样中被带出,由此使试样的温度降低至其三相点以下。在这种情况下,可有利地采用例如离心的措施以防止试样起泡。还可有利地在冷冻干燥过程中加热试样以补偿由于水的升华而导致的冻结溶液潜热不足。本领域技术人员可以领会的是,只要试样温度保持在溶液的三相点以下,则加热冻结试样通常会加速冷冻干燥过程。
冷冻干燥装置是已知的,并可从多个供应商处购得;或者可采用本领域已知的方法制造。冷冻干燥装置包括干燥室、用于收集升华水的冷凝器、用于向真空室和冷凝器提供制冷剂的冷却系统、向干燥室施以真空的真空系统。冷冻干燥装置还可具有温度控制设备,所述温度控制装置可以控制试样冷却至冰点以及加热试样,从而加速升华过程。在一些情况下,温度控制设备还包括用于循环制冷剂的制冷线圈。温度控制设备还可包括加热线圈或其他合适的部件以在冷冻干燥过程中加热试样。
冷冻干燥过程去除足够多的水以形成包含柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的无水组合物。无水柠檬酸二氢银晶体呈半透明灰色。在一些实施方案中,将这些晶体研磨成细小的粉末并将其进行期限不定的储存,直至其被复制。在一些实施方案中,所述粉末被储存于不透光的容器中,例如不透明的瓶子或不透光的盒子中,以防止光引起的分解。
出人意料的是,已发现,采用与其储液中相同体积的稀释剂(例如水)而复制的柠檬酸二氢银组合物,其中的游离银离子的浓度与其储液相同,并且没有任何显著的氧化还原态银的降解、还原,或胶体的形成。由于在柠檬酸二氢银组合物中银离子是活性抗微生物剂,因此所述复制组合物有望具有与其储液相同的抗微生物性能。因此,所述复制组合物可以储液可采用的任何使用方式使用。
术语“包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的组合物”是指含有柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的固体组合物。因此,尽管该组合物可能含有可检测量的水,但其含有的水不足以使组合物成为流体。固体组合物可以是无定形的或是晶体,但晶体更为理想,所述晶体本身在所述冷冻干燥过程中形成,并被认为是特别稳定的。因此,本发明还提供了包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的晶体组合物。
本发明还提供了基本无水的无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物。术语“基本无水”是指试样包含的水量少于更低的可检测极限。虽然理论上可从试样去除所有的水,但是在一些情况下,将试样干燥至使残留的水量(如果有的话)低于现有技术检测方法的检测极限就足够了。可提出的一些检测方法为气相色谱法(GC)、核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)、或其中两种或更多种的结合,例如GC-MS。
本发明还提供了所含水量高于水的常规测试方法检测极限的无水柠檬酸二氢银。在这些实施方案中,优选无水柠檬酸二氢银包含少于约2%,更优选少于约1%,最优选少于约0.5%,尤为优选少于约0.1%(重量/重量%)的水。本领域技术人员可以领会的是,这种无水组合物可通过在下述条件下进行冷冻干燥过程而获得:例如足以从冻结试样中去除适当量的水的如真空度、时间长短及加热条件。
本发明还提供了包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和摩尔过量柠檬酸的组合物。术语“摩尔过量”是指,对于组合物中的每摩尔柠檬酸二氢银而言,柠檬酸的量大于一摩尔。例如,经前述电解处理的1-60%(重量/体积)的柠檬酸溶液含有约0.00001重量%至约1重量%的银离子。在一个具体的实例中,经前述电解处理的10%的柠檬酸溶液含有约0.1%的银离子。本领域技术人员可以领会的是,该溶液中存在着相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言摩尔过量的柠檬酸。在该实例中,摩尔过量为约15倍。本领域技术人员还可以领会的是,由于柠檬酸是非挥发性的,因此由前述冷冻干燥方法制得的固体柠檬酸二氢银组合物将含有相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言摩尔过量的柠檬酸。在一些实施方案中,所述摩尔过量为约5至约10,000倍;尤其是约8至约10,000倍。据信,对于柠檬酸二氢银而言,过量约5倍以上、更优选约10倍以上、最优选约12倍以上的柠檬酸,会提供柠檬酸二氢银复合物在溶液中的极强的稳定性。因此,本发明提供了包含柠檬酸二氢银,以及相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言摩尔过量约5倍以上、更优选至少约8倍、最优选至少约10倍、尤为优选至少约12倍的柠檬酸的固体柠檬酸二氢银组合物。
出人意料的是,已发现所述无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物可复制制得抗微生物活性组合物。此前尚未报道过将无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物会溶解于稀释剂,同时又不会破坏所述银阳离子和柠檬酸阴离子之间的缔合;亦从未表明相应的复制溶液具有抗微生物性能。
本发明提供了包含约0.05ppm至约10,000ppm银离子(Ag+)的复制柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物。柠檬酸二氢银的有效浓度取决于寻求保护所要应对的微生物、待处理的基质和基质上现有或潜在的染菌量(bioburden)、以及稀释剂中是否存在其他的抗微生物活性物质。在一些实施方案中,银离子的有效抗微生物浓度范围为约0.075ppm至约2,500ppm,尤其是约0.1至约1,000ppm。
因此,本发明提供了采用无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物制备复制柠檬酸二氢银溶液的方法。该方法包括将上述无水组合物与稀释剂混合。所述稀释剂为可溶解柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的溶剂。在一些实施方案中,合适的稀释剂为含水溶剂,例如水或含有水和另一种水溶性组分的溶液。例如,稀释剂可以是水、乙醇或水与乙醇的混合物,例如10%的乙醇-水溶液。
本发明还提供了用基本上纯的水作为稀释剂复制无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物的方法。术语“基本上纯的水”是指基本上无污染物或例如乙醇的抗微生物剂的水。基本上纯的水的实例有蒸馏水、双蒸水、双蒸去离子水、超滤水和注射用水。
本发明还提供了用自来水、“淡水”(即采自江河、湖、溪、蓄水池等处的水)、“经处理的水”(即经处理去除污染物的污水)复制无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物的方法。最为常见的是使用普通自来水作为稀释剂,如需要,也可采用更纯的水。
本发明还提供了用包含水和另一种组分的含水溶液作为稀释剂复制无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物的方法。所述另一种组分可以是洗涤剂、抗微生物剂或其他类型的组分。清洗剂的实例包括洗涤剂。抗微生物剂的实例包括乙醇。本发明提供了包含水和一种选自洗涤剂、醇类及其混合物的物质的稀释剂。稀释剂的实例包括含水乙醇、含水十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液以及乙醇与十二烷基硫酸钠的含水混合物。例如,本发明提供了约0.1至约10%乙醇与任选约0.0001至约0.1%洗涤剂的含水溶液作为稀释剂。稀释剂的一个实例为在水中包含约2%的乙醇和约0.01%以上的洗涤剂。
柠檬酸二氢银和乙醇的结合产生了意想不到的协同消毒和抗微生物性能。与不含柠檬酸二氢银的含水乙醇组合物相比,本发明提供了比不含柠檬酸二氢银时所需乙醇浓度更低的乙醇浓度下的消毒和抗微生物效果。
本发明还提供了使用无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物得到抗微生物效果的方法。该方法包括将无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物与稀释剂结合以制得复制的柠檬酸二氢银溶液。该方法还包含将复制的柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸溶液施用在基质上。本申请中,术语“基质”一般是指任何需要进行抗微生物处理的表面、物品或环境。
可使用包含柠檬酸二氢银的组合物来处理多种表面,包括台面、地面、玻璃表面、金属表面(例如不锈钢、铬和铜的表面)、砖瓦表面、混凝土表面、乙烯基地板材料(vinyl flooring)和涂有涂料的表面。本申请中所使用的术语“表面”是指任何表面,包括各种物体的内外表面、包括容器(例如锅炉、水罐、游泳池等)内侧、管内侧、家用设备和家用电器、台面、玻璃门窗的外侧。本申请中使用术语“表面”是为了区分于一个整体的物品。复制的柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸溶液通过常规方式施用到上述表面,例如将溶液倾倒、喷洒或擦拭到上述表面。可方便地将溶液从上述表面上擦掉或冲掉,或有利地让其留存在表面上至干,从而在上述表面上提供长久的抗微生物余渍或膜。
本发明还包括处理多种物品的方法,例如织物、金属物品、塑料物品、天然产品和通常以含水清洁液处理的其他物品。例如,本发明提供了用复制的柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物处理食品的方法。以所述方式处理的食品的实例包括蔬菜和水果。可以所述方式处理的蔬菜的实例包括:块根类(例如胡萝卜类、甜菜类、萝卜类);块茎类(例如马铃薯类、芜菁类、甘薯类和薯蓣类);鳞茎类(例如洋葱类、薤类);球茎类(例如蒜);绿叶植物类(例如菠菜、甘蓝、莴苣和卷心菜);十字花科苗(例如椰菜、花椰菜);以及豆类(例如大豆、落花生)。可以所述方式处理的水果的实例包括:南瓜、甜瓜、苹果、桃、梨、香蕉、番茄、柑桔类(例如橙、葡萄柚、橘、桔柚、柠檬和酸橙)、葡萄和橄榄。本发明提供了将柠檬酸二氢银组合物喷洒或擦拭在食品上的方法。作为选择,本发明还提供了将食品浸渍到所述溶液中的方法。
本发明还包括用复制的柠檬酸二氢银溶液处理多种物品的方法。例如,可将所述溶液喷洒或擦拭到多种物品上,所述物品包括用于食物服务或食物加工制造的机械零件。还可将所述溶液用于清洗玩具及儿童和婴儿使用的其他物品。还可将所述溶液用于清洗织物,例如衣服、抹布、床上用品和其他织物。本发明提供了用作下述浸渍组合物的复制的柠檬酸二氢银组合物,即用于消毒炊具、餐具和刀具的浸渍组合物。
本发明还包括抗微生物有效的柠檬酸二氢银组合物。术语“抗微生物有效”是指组合物可有效抑制或减少一种或多种微生物的扩散、防止一种或多种微生物的侵染、杀灭一种或多种微生物、或上述效果的结合。术语微生物包括细菌、病毒或真菌。含水柠檬酸二氢银组合物已显示可有效对抗多种指示微生物和致病微生物,其中包括细菌,例如:铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、猪霍乱沙门氏菌(Salmonella chloleraesuis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)、疮疱丙酸杆菌(Proprionibacterium acnes)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌(Listeriamonocytogenes)以及屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium);病毒,例如人免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV1)、单纯疱疹病毒2型(HSV2)、流感病毒A、鼻病毒和脊髓灰质炎病毒2型;以及真菌,例如须疮癣菌(Trichophyton mentagrophytes)。
通过参考以下示例性和非限制性实施例,可更充分地理解本发明。本发明的其他实施方案可在本发明的范围内实施。
实施例
实施例1-柠檬酸二氢银储液的制备
将水引入反渗透装置,经半透膜去除杂质,获得去离子水。将99%纯的无水柠檬酸与上述水混合,以制得200加仑20%(重量/体积)(每加仑水796g柠檬酸)的溶液。将上述200加仑20%的柠檬酸径直引入带有正、负电极的离子室中,每个电极由200金衡盎司的999纯银构成。正、负电极相距至少2.0mm,使柠檬酸溶液在两个电极之间通过。将包括正、负导体的离子发生控制器(IGC)电源连接到正、负电极上。IGC在17伏下施加5安培的电流,每9秒施加一次脉冲,并且间隔1分钟改变一次极性。整个过程中调节电极间隙,以维持5安-17伏的输出。电流流动引起离子流在正、负电极间流动,在稀释的柠檬酸溶液中产生游离银离子。银离子与柠檬酸溶液中的柠檬酸反应生成柠檬酸二氢银溶液。使20%的柠檬酸溶液以每分钟50加仑的流量循环通过离子室144小时,直至达到所需的银离子浓度。然后将所得柠檬酸二氢银溶液静置,以使上述过程中形成的所有固体沉淀下来。所得产物为银离子浓度为2400ppm的柠檬酸二氢银溶液。在本申请下文中,该溶液被称为储液。该储液可在以下实施例中立即使用,或者将其储存待用。
本领域技术人员应理解的是,多种电极尺寸和/或间距的变化,以及多种峰值电压的变化,以及多种间隔电压极性的时间顺序的变化,均可方便地用于获得用于本发明的柠檬酸二氢银。
实施例2-无水柠檬酸二氢银的制备
从SSA Batch No.04.06.03获得上述实施例1制备的1,000ml的储液试样,利用装有离子选择性电极(ion specificelectrode,ISE)的OrionTM290A处理器确定其银离子浓度为2400ppm。该处理器采用OrionTM标准溶液校正。
将1,000ml的储液滗析至两个2.5”×8”×15”的PyrexTM耐热玻璃盘中。每个盘中的液体储液液面高约1.5”。
然后将上述盘置于小型商品级冷冻干燥装置中,所述冷冻干燥装置由以下部件构成:带有温度控制搁板的干燥室、用于收集从产物中去除的水的冷凝器、用于向温度控制搁板和冷凝器供应制冷剂的冷却系统、用于降低干燥室和冷凝器内压力以便于干燥处理的真空系统。将冷却和真空压力设定保持在与冷冻干燥含水溶液>50%的水基(watermatrix)相关的标准范围内。
从产物中去除99%的水后,从盘中收集大块的粗晶,并将其研磨为细小的晶体粉末,称重,将其在环境室温(74°F)下储存一周。晶体总重量为206.12g。
实施例3-柠檬酸二氢银溶液的复制
用约794ml的药用级纯水将实施例2的晶体粉末在1,000ml的Pyrex玻璃烧瓶中复制。然后,用磁性搅拌器剧烈搅拌溶液30分钟,将其放入不透光的储存柜中24小时。
然后用实施例2中所述的Orion290A处理器和ISE测量复制溶液的银离子浓度。在第24小时、48小时和72小时、以及共4周内每隔1周的时间点采集测量结果。第24小时的读数和第4周的读数分别为2398ppm和2407ppm。上述浓度与2400ppm的储液浓度基本相同(在Orion290ATM处理器操作说明书的%误差以内)。
实施例4-复制的柠檬酸二氢银溶液的抗微生物效果
为了证实柠檬酸二氢银溶液用作防腐剂的效果,对实施例1中所述的柠檬酸二氢银储液进行防腐挑战测试(Preservative ChallengeTest)。防腐挑战测试根据欧洲药典中用于第2类产品(由含水基质或含水载体制得的常用产品、未消毒的鼻用产品、乳液(包括施用于粘膜的))的4.04/5.01.03.00测试方法进行。
在酪蛋白豆粉(Casein Soymeal)胨琼脂上培养细菌测试用有机体和酵母菌,在沙氏4%葡糖琼脂上培养真菌测试有机体,所述培养在35℃下进行18-24小时(细菌),在25℃下进行48小时(念珠菌(Candida))或在25℃下进行一周(曲霉菌(Aspergillus))。
培育后,用0.9%的氯化钠冲洗琼脂平板表面以收集细菌和酵母菌。用0.9%的氯化钠/0.01%的吐温80冲洗琼脂平板表面以收集曲霉菌。
测试用微生物悬浊液用0.9%的氯化钠稀释成密度为-108菌落形成单位的最终测试用有机体悬浊液。
对于测试用有机体,在玻璃瓶(产自Schott/德国的带螺口盖的250ml瓶)中称重20g的测试产品,并以0.2ml的测试用有机体悬浊液污染。用玻璃刮铲搅拌,细致地将所述微生物分散在测试产品中。
将经过上述污染的测试产品在20-25℃下避光储存。
在测试产品污染后立即取出1g试样材料,并且在污染后2天、7天、14天和28天取出等量的试样材料。
用0.9%的氯化钠稀释试样,并利用Drialsky刮铲将每等分0.1ml的稀释液散布在琼脂平板上。适量的特定抗微生物剂的钝化剂(中和剂)被掺入用于制备产品稀释液的稀释剂中以及用于评估活体细胞总数的琼脂平板中。
琼脂平板在35℃下培育24小时(细菌和酵母菌),或在25℃下培育3小时(曲霉菌),培育阶段之后对长成的菌落计数。对菌落及每g测试用产品的活体细胞数目(菌落形成单位)计数。然后计算产品中微生物的对数减少值(参见以下防腐挑战测试结果表)。
测试菌株:
铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)ATCC 9027;NCIMB8626;CIP82.118
金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC 6538;NCTC10788;NCIMB 9518;CIP 4.83
白色念球菌(Candida albicans)ATCC10231;NCPF3179;IP48.72黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)ATCC16404;IMI 149007;IP1431.83测试柠檬酸二氢银在不同试剂中的抗微生物效果。下表1-3显示了测试结果:
表1
防腐挑战测试/除臭乳液
测试用有机体 金黄色 铜绿假
大肠杆菌 白色念球菌 黑曲霉
葡萄球菌 单胞菌
O/W PK03-260-01(空白对照)
污染后2天 <100 <100 <100 6.0×10E4 1.8×10E5
污染后7天 <100 <100 <100 1.6×10E4 3.0×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 8.8×10E3 2.8×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 1.4×10E3 未测出
O/W PK03-260-01(0.1%Axenohl)
污染后2天 <1000 <100 <100 <100 1.6×10E5
污染后7天 <100 <100 <100 <100 2.6×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 <100 1.2×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 <100 未测出
O/W PK03-260-01(0.3%Axenohl)
污染后2天 <100 <100 <100 <100 1.4×10E5
污染后7天 <100 <100 <100 <100 1.2×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 <100 1.0×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 <100 未测出
表2
防腐挑战测试/除臭乳液
测试用有机体 金黄色 铜绿假
大肠杆菌 白色念球菌 黑曲霉
葡萄球菌 单胞菌
PK03-262-01(空白对照)
污染后2天 2.0×10E4 1.0×10E5 1.0×10E6 1.0×10E6 2.0×10E5
污染后7天 <100 3.1×10E3 4.4×105 6.2×10E5 3.0×10E5
污染后14天 <100 1.0×10E2 1.1×10E6 1.3×10E6 3.5×10E5
污染后28天 <100 1.2×10E2 6.0×10E7 1.1×10E6 未测出
PK03-262-01(0.1%Axenohl)
污染后2天 5.0×10E2 4.0×10E2 3.0×10E2 4.0×10E3 1.4×10E5
污染后7天 <100 2.0×10E2 <100 3.4×10E4 1.8×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 1.1×10E5 2.0×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 4.0×10E5 未测出
PK03-262-01(0.3%Axenohl)
污染后2天 3.0×10E2 4.0×10E3 7.0×10E2 4.0×10E3 1.8×10E5
污染后7天 <100 2.0×10E2 <100 2.4×10E3 2.4×10E5
污染后14天 <100 100 <100 1.2×10E3 2.4×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 2.0×10E2 未测出
表3
防腐挑战测试/浴胶
测试用有机体 金黄色 铜绿假
大肠杆菌 白色念球菌 黑曲霉
葡萄球菌 单胞菌
FB02-060-03(空白对照)
污染后2天 4.0×10E2 2.2×10E5 生长中 2.2×10E5 2.4×1E5
污染后7天 <100 1.1×10E5 生长中 2.1×10E5 3.6×10E5
污染后14天 <100 8.2×10E4 生长中 9.0×10E4 3.6×10E5
污染后28天 未测出 未测出 生长中 未测出 未测出
洗浴香波(0.1%Axenohl)
污染后2天 <100 1.8×10E4 <100 <100 2.0×10E5
污染后7天 <100 <100 <100 <100 3.0×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 <100 3.2×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 <100 未测出
洗浴香波(0.1%Axenohl)
污染后2天 <100 6.0×10E3 <100 <100 1.8×10E5
污染后7天 <100 <100 <100 <100 2.4×10E5
污染后14天 <100 <100 <100 <100 2.4×10E5
污染后28天 <100 <100 <100 <100 未测出
通过参考以下示例性和非限制性实施例,可更充分地理解本发明。
本发明的其他实施方案可在本发明的范围内实施。
Claims (17)
1.一种组合物,包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸。
2.权利要求1的无水组合物,其中所述组合物基本无水。
3.权利要求1的无水组合物,其中所述组合物包含少于约0.5%的水。
4.权利要求1的无水组合物,其中所述组合物是晶体。
5.权利要求1的无水组合物,其中所述组合物包含相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言摩尔过量的柠檬酸。
6.权利要求1的无水组合物,其中所述组合物包含相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言至少5倍摩尔过量的柠檬酸。
7.包含无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸的组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(a)提供包含柠檬酸二氢银、柠檬酸和水的储液;
(b)冻结所述储液以形成冻结溶液;以及
(c)冷冻干燥所述冻结溶液以形成无水组合物。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中所述柠檬酸相对于柠檬酸二氢银而言摩尔过量。
9.权利要求7的方法,其中步骤(c)还包括加热所述冻结溶液。
10.无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物的使用方法,包括将无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物与含水稀释剂结合,所述含水稀释剂的量应足以制得复制的具有抗微生物活性的柠檬酸二氢银组合物。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中所述含水稀释剂为基本纯的水。
12.权利要求10的方法,其特征在于所述含水稀释剂包含水和至少一种选自醇类和洗涤剂的物质。
13.无水柠檬酸二氢银和柠檬酸组合物的使用方法,包括:
将无水柠檬酸二氢银组合物与足量含水稀释剂混合,以制出抗微生物有效的柠檬酸二氢银组合物;以及
将所述抗微生物有效的柠檬酸二氢银溶液施用到基质上,从而获得抗微生物效果。
14.权利要求13的方法,其中所述基质为固体表面、食品或非食品物品。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述固体表面为管道内表面、储存罐、游泳池、温泉池、冷却系统或冷却塔。
16.权利要求13的方法,其特征在于所述抗微生物效果是杀生物或生物膜抑制。
17.权利要求13的方法,其特征在于所述抗微生物效果是食物防腐。
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EP (2) | EP1667601A4 (zh) |
JP (5) | JP4971792B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR101250119B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN100352349C (zh) |
AU (3) | AU2004267997B2 (zh) |
CA (2) | CA2536955A1 (zh) |
IL (2) | IL173896A0 (zh) |
NO (2) | NO20061244L (zh) |
NZ (2) | NZ545932A (zh) |
WO (2) | WO2005041861A2 (zh) |
ZA (2) | ZA200602543B (zh) |
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- 2004-08-27 ZA ZA200602543A patent/ZA200602543B/en unknown
- 2004-08-27 CA CA 2536955 patent/CA2536955A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102118974A (zh) * | 2008-06-06 | 2011-07-06 | 纯生物科学 | 柠檬酸二氢银的农业应用 |
CN102638986A (zh) * | 2009-08-12 | 2012-08-15 | 纯生物科学 | 采用无水消毒剂的制剂和方法 |
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