CN1840711A - 一种淡水养殖鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测试剂盒及检测方法 - Google Patents
一种淡水养殖鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测试剂盒及检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种淡水鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测试剂盒及检测方法。该试剂盒包含有淡水鱼类包括鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼中任一种或任两种或任两种以上随机组合以至全部的sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物、DNA多聚酶、PCR反应缓冲液、dNTP溶液等,还含有作为外参照的淡水鱼类的β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测引物。本发明还公开了鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测方法,该方法基于不同毒物最终均将导致鱼体肝脏可溶性谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(sGST)基因的表达,通过检测该基因的表达水平即可反映生物体受不同毒物的污染情况。通过采用该检测试剂盒和检测方法可以简便而可靠检测淡水鱼类体内所含的毒物含量,进而确定了淡水鱼类的食用安全问题。
Description
技术领域
本技术属于生物技术应用领域,具体涉及一种淡水养殖鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测试剂盒及检测方法。
背景技术
1.淡水养殖中毒物的来源
淡水水体富营养化导致有害蓝藻水华频频发生,并可能产生严重危害国民身体健康的蓝藻毒素。其中铜绿微囊藻Microcystis aeruginosa水华是世界各国淡水湖泊、池塘中分布广、持续时间长的一种可能产毒的藻类水华,其产生的毒素称为微囊藻毒素(microcystin,MC)。微囊藻毒素的主体结构为环七肽,共有60多种异构体,毒性较大的是LR、YR、RR型,L、Y、R分别代表亮氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸。这些毒素具有相似的生物学功能,会造成肝细胞的损伤,严重者还会引起肝内出血,致使动物死亡,其中微囊藻毒素-LR是一种环状七肽肝毒素,最常见且毒性高。由于微囊藻毒素通过简单扩散的跨膜渗透能力很低,必须通过中间载体即肝细胞膜上的胆汁酸转运系统转运至肝实质细胞,所以肝脏成为藻毒素的致毒靶器官。该毒素在肝脏特异聚积,并抑制蛋白磷酸酶1(PP1)和蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)的活性,导致细胞内多种蛋白质的过磷酸化,打破细胞内蛋白磷酸化/脱磷酸化的平衡,并通过细胞信号系统进一步放大这种生化效应,造成细胞内一系列生理生化反应的紊乱,最终导致肝细胞损伤,甚至发生急性死亡事件。微囊藻毒素的促肿瘤作用也是通过这种方式实现的。长期饮用或食用含微囊藻毒素的水或水产品可能引发肝癌,特别是在存在肝炎病毒与黄曲霉毒素的情况下,这种引发肝癌的可能性更高。因此,解决水体微囊藻毒素的污染对我国国民身体健康尤为重要。
微囊藻毒素主要通过以下几个途径在水生生物体内积聚:(1)生物体通过体表接触藻毒素,如水生植物及鱼卵;(2)生物体直接饮用藻毒素污染的水或以蓝藻水华为食料,这种途径也被称为生物浓缩(bioconcentration),如浮游动物、贝类及某些藻食性鱼类;(3)生物体位于食物链的上游,以浮游动物、贝类及某些藻食性鱼类等一级消费者为食,这些水生生物通过食物链积累藻毒素,这种途径也被称为生物放大(biomagnification),如某些肉食性鱼类等。当水生生物从环境中通过各种途径吸收毒素时,毒素在生物体体内的积累就随之而发生。研究表明,不同水生生物对微囊藻毒素的聚集能力及净化所需时间不同。水生植物是水生生态系统中的初级生产者,直接与环境中的微囊藻毒素接触,不同水生植物对藻毒素的聚集能力有所差异,与其表面积以及对毒素的吸收能力有关。另外,毒素吸收后在水生植物体内清除所需的时间也不尽相同。有些藻类,例如细长聚球藻具有较强净化毒素的能力,毒素处理一天后,培养基中的藻毒素含量只有初始浓度的21.7%;处理6天后,培养基中的毒素仅剩8.18%。但总体上,与水生动物相比,水生植物对毒素的聚集较少,净化也较慢。
贝类及螯虾等有壳类无脊椎动物对藻毒素的清除较鱼类等脊椎动物缓慢,有富集毒素的作用。与贝类相比,鱼类对微囊藻毒素的积聚量较低且清除速度较快。实验条件下用微囊藻填喂虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss),一小时后毒素在其肝脏内迅速聚集,并且在随后的24小时内大部分被排出体外。由于淡水鱼类具备快速吸收并清除微囊藻毒素的能力,说明其体内存在发达的微囊藻毒素去毒系统,目前观点认为淡水鱼类肝脏sGST,即淡水鱼类微囊藻毒素去毒酶在此去毒过程中起关键作用,但有关淡水鱼类微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因的研究至今鲜见报道。
另外,由于相关农药的使用,使农药等毒物在淡水养殖鱼体内积聚。长期食用含有这些药物的水产品可致畸、致癌,对人类健康造成严重威胁。各类毒素对人类健康所造成的威胁己引起世界各国公共卫生系统的广泛关注,长期食用含毒素的水产品可引发肝癌等多种疾病。研究发现,罗非鱼、鲢、鳙等池塘主养淡水鱼对微囊藻等蓝藻均有很强摄食作用,加上不同的污染源,所以应尽快对罗非鱼等淡水水产品中毒物含量进行安全检测。
2.去毒酶基因——谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因
谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST,EC2.5.1.18)普遍存在于各种生物体内,是一组由多个基因编码的、代谢多种内源或外源毒性物质之解毒酶系统的重要组成部分,属于II相代谢酶系。该酶有胞液和膜结合两种形式,以胞液GST(sGST)为主。脊椎动物各组织中均含有不同种类的sGST,其含量和活性亦各不相同,其中以肝脏中含量最高。sGST以同或异二聚体形式存在,主要催化多种化学物质包括药物、化疗剂、致癌物以及氧化应激产生的各种毒性代谢物等,与还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的巯基(-SH)结合,使这些亲电子的疏水化合物变成亲水性的物质,易于从胆汁或尿液中排泄。某些sGST还具有过氧化物酶和异构酶的活性,能清除脂类自由基及抗脂质过氧化的作用,从而减轻DNA的损伤程度。因此,sGST在机体有毒化合物的代谢、保护细胞免受急性毒性化学物质攻击以及抑制细胞癌变中起重要作用。
淡水鱼类sGST基因在天然状态下主要用于微囊藻毒素等天然毒物的去毒,而在养殖污染状态下,则主要用于农药等人造毒物的去毒。sGST基因控制所有毒物在前期(第1时相)之氧化、水解去毒过程后(第2时相)所共有的加合排毒过程,也因此被称为第2时相去毒酶。由于在微囊藻毒素去毒代谢过程中,第2时相的加合排毒过程具有独一无二的关键作用,因此淡水鱼类sGST基因又被称为微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因。
根据基因结构、氨基酸序列、底物特异性、化学亲和力及动力学行为等不同标准,哺乳动物sGST可分为8类:a(alpha)、μ(mu)、P(pi)、s(sigma)、θ(theta)、ω(omega)、κ(kappa)和ζ(zeta)。在同一类中,不同sGST的氨基酸序列同源性至少达到40%,而不同类的sGST之间,氨基酸序列同源性不到30%。各类sGST按序列相似性和免疫交叉反应分为不同的亚类,不同亚类的表达水平具有组织特异性。sGST对GSH的结合有很高的特异性,但对第二个亲电子底物的特异性在不同类之间及同一类中差别显著。a、μ、p和θ类sGST基因在其大小、内含子/外显子结构上明显不同,研究表明θ类同工酶谷胱甘肽结合中心的氨基酸不同于a、μ、p和s类。此外,θ类酶的进化先于其他酶类。同类基因有成簇的趋向,如人类sGST基因存在型特异性簇。到目前为止,4种sGST基因,即GSTM1、GSTM3、GSTP1和GSTT1已证实具有多态性。基因的多态性可引起sGST酶活性的改变,并导致个体间对潜在致癌物代谢能力的差异。
3.水产品中毒物残留检测分析方法
残留检测分析方法首先是将有害物质从水产品中提取、分离出来,然后利用仪器设备进行定性和定量分析。目前水产品中毒物残留检测分析方法主要有液相色谱法和免疫法等。
高效液相色谱法(HPLC)是一种灵敏度较高、可靠性较强的一种方法,此法重复性好、速度快,可使许多极难分离的待测物得以分析,目前大多数水产品药物残留分析都采用HPLC法。但HPLC法检出限较高,为5~10μg/kg,不能达到国际上对水产品残留要求的最低限量,如水产品中氯霉素的含量,欧盟要求小于0.1μg/kg。此外,因动物体内成分复杂,一些杂质干扰测定,应用HPLC法检测时,对于样品预处理必须仔细谨慎,以提高测定准确性和灵敏度。
免疫分析技术免疫分析法是近几年发展起来以抗原与抗体的特异性、可逆性结合反应为基础的新型分析技术。免疫反应具有很高的选择性和灵敏性,因此,免疫分析技术无论作为兽药残留分析的检测手段还是样本净化方法都能使分析过程特别是前处理步骤大大简化。作为相对独立的检测方法,即基于竞争结合分析原理的免疫测定法,包括酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)、放射免疫测定法(RIA)、固相免疫传感器等。目前使用最普遍的是酶联免疫法(ELISA),具有操作简便、灵敏度高、样品容量大、仪器化程度和分析成本低的优点,是目前最理想的残留筛选性分析方法之一。目前几乎所有重要的水产品药物残留都已建立或试图建立ELISA检测法,如氯霉素、四环素、链霉素、己烯雌酚等。酶联免疫法的缺点在于影响因素较多,易出现假阳性结果。
综上所述,由于违禁渔药种类繁多,每一种渔药均要用专门方法进行检测,检测所有渔药费用十分昂贵,而淡水鱼一般价格不高,故一般只能进行部分渔药的常规检测。虽然国家每年也花费巨资使用化学手段对部分渔药进行常规检测,但往往由于漏检某种渔药而产生严重后果。2005年7月我国出口日本的鳗鱼由于孔雀石绿不属于常规检测项目而漏检,导致鳗鱼出口与内销停产,不仅对鳗鱼产业造成毁灭性打击,而且波及整个淡水鱼养殖业,以至于出现一时香港居民不敢食用中国大陆淡水养殖鱼的恐慌现象。因此,提供一种能够简便、准确的对养殖鱼类体内毒物含量进行定性定量的检测方法对我国淡水鱼类养殖事业的发展和监督是十分必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有我国淡水鱼类体内毒物含量检测技术上存在的缺陷,提供一种能够快速、准确地对多种鱼类不同品系、组织内的毒物含量进行定性、定量检测的试剂盒。
本发明的另一目的是提供利用上述试剂盒检测鱼类体内毒物含量的方法。
本发明通过测定鱼体去毒酶基因表达状态来确定鱼体内是否含有微囊藻毒素等毒物及其食用安全问题。本发明不必采用不同药物专门检测方法盲目抽检是否含有某种药物,而是基于不同毒物最终均将导致鱼体肝脏去毒酶一可溶性谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(sGST)基因表达,通过固定方法检测sGST基因表达水平这一个指标即可反映生物体受不同毒物的污染情况,并由此简便而可靠地确定淡水养殖鱼食用安全问题。本发明虽然不能确定污染毒物等的具体种类,但绝对能保证受检合格鱼不处于被污染状态并可安全食用。如有必要,对于受检不合格鱼则可有目的地采用常规化学手段,对可能的毒物进一步逐个检测以确定污染毒物的种类。
本发明所说的鱼类是淡水鱼类,优选的是罗非鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、鳜鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼等池塘主养的淡水鱼类。并且首次公开了鲢鱼(Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix)、鳙鱼(Aristichthys nobilis)、罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)、鲮鱼(Cirrhina molitorella)、鲫鱼(Carassius auratu)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)、鳜鱼(Siniperca chuatsi)等淡水鱼类肝脏去毒酶——可溶性谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(sGST)基因的cDNA序列及5’侧翼调控序列,并以此设计了本发明所述试剂盒中的检测引物。
以下对本发明公开的技术进行进一步的说明:
1.对鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼等池塘主养的淡水鱼类去毒酶基因的克隆。
克隆鱼类去毒酶基因是通常使用的功能基因克隆方法:首先,根据已知的脊椎动物某一特定基因的氨基酸序列的保守区域设计简并引物,利用RT-PCR技术获得该基因的核心片断,将该片断分离纯化后与T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌,挑取白色菌落,经PCR反应鉴定得到阳性克隆,送阳性克隆的菌液去测序,从而获得目的基因的cDNA核心片断的序列;其次利用3’-RACE和5’-RACE技术扩增cDNA的3’末端和5’末端,将cDNA核心片断、3’末端和5’末端进行序列拼接,从而获得全长cDNA序列;最后通过基因组PCR获得内含子DNA序列,通过基因组步移技术进一步克隆该基因的5’侧翼序列(含启动子及其它顺式调控元件)和3’侧翼序列,从而获得该基因的基因组DNA全序列。
如上所说的功能基因克隆方法,涉及的常规分子克隆技术包括DNA、RNA的提取,琼脂糖凝胶和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、DNA片段的连接,限制性内切酶反应均参考文献《分子克隆实验手册》(Msniatis等,冷泉港实验室出版,冷泉港,纽约,美国,1989)。DNA聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、反转录PCR反应和巢式PCR反应均参考文献《PCR技术实验指南》(Carl W.Dieffenbach等,冷泉港实验室出版,冷泉港,纽约,美国,1995)。DNA测序、DNA扩增和反转录PCR所需要的寡聚核苷酸引物如oligo(dT)18等可以交由专门的机构合成。本发明所用的大肠杆菌为JM109购自美国GIBCO公司,pMD 18-T载体购自日本TaKaRa公司。另外,质粒DNA的提取和纯化、DNA片段的回收、RNA的提取和纯化等也可以采用专门机构生产的试剂盒并参照提供的操作程序进行操作。
在本发明给出的实施例中,首先分别从鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼分离肝脏组织,进行总RNA的提取与纯化;再分别以鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼肝脏总RNA为模板,oligo(dT)18为反转录引物,合成cDNA第一链。
根据已知脊椎动物sGST氨基酸序列的保守区域设计简并引物,克隆得到的鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼sGST cDNA核心片断,再设计5’RACE反转录引物。5’RACE的原理见附图1,操作方法如下:首先以反转录引物合成cDNA模板,接着用RNA酶进行消化以产生单链cDNA,再以T4连接酶进行连接产生PCR模板。分别以嵌套PCR引物进行两轮PCR反应。
3’RACE的原理见附图2,操作方法如下:以目的mRNA为模板,使用OligodT-3’接头引物(3sites Adaptor Primer)进行反转录反应,合成cDNA模板。使用含有酶切位点如附图所示的KpnI、XbaI、BamH I的上游特异性引物和3’接头引物进行PCR反应。选用适当载体克隆PCR产物并进行DNA测序。
PCR产物经2%琼脂糖电泳,纯化回收后克隆至pMD 18-T载体,转化感受态E.coli JM109,利用M13正反向引物,通过PCR反应检测得到阳性克隆,阳性克隆由专门公司进行测序。用DNA分析软件vector NTI suite 6.0进行序列分析。
2.以β-肌动蛋白为外参照,对去毒酶基因mRNA相对水平进行检测。
本技术在率先成功克隆罗非鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、鳜鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼等淡水鱼类肝脏微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA新序列工作的基础上,进一步在池塘养殖生产条件下,以淡水鱼类的β-肌动蛋白为外参照,用RT-PCR方法比较不同品种、品系池塘养殖罗非鱼肝脏与肌肉sGST去毒酶基因的mRNA相对水平。
检测方法包括:小心分离出检测鱼的肝脏,肌肉组织从背部取材,迅速称重后用于提取总RNA。总RNA提取和cDNA合成同前所述。sGST和β-肌动蛋白的PCR反应体系和反应条件相同,其PCR产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和溴化乙锭染色后用凝胶成像系统及相关软件(AlphaImaget,Alpha Inotech,USA)进行分析,结果以sGST与β-肌动蛋白mRNA的RT-PCR产物亮度之比(%)表示。
采用统计分析软件SPSS 10.0对不同种鱼类肝脏sGSTmRNA相对表达水平平均值差异进行统计分析。若P<0.05,平均值的差异即认为是显著的。
3.养殖鱼类终点检测试剂盒的制备
本检测试剂盒是依据如下的检测技术制备而成:淡水养殖鱼类体内所含毒物含量高,则sGST mRNA的相对表达水平就高,所以以淡水鱼类的β-肌动蛋白mRNA的表达作为外参照,对sGST mRNA的表达水平进行检测,与对照进行比较,就可以知道鱼类体内所含毒物是否符合标准。
根据如上所述的检测技术,检测步骤包括:
(1)提取与纯化淡水养殖鱼类的肝脏总RNA,以oligo(dT)18作为反转录引物,采用反转录方法合成cDNA;
(2)以(1)合成的cDNA为模板,取与该模板相应鱼种的sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物、DNA多聚酶、PCR反应缓冲液、dNTP、灭菌蒸馏水等适量混合,进行PCR反应,反应条件为:首先94℃预变性3~6min,然后94℃ 30sec~1min,55~65℃ 30sec~1min,72℃ 30sec~1min,共25~32个循环,最后72℃延伸5~10min;
(3)以(1)合成的cDNA为模板,β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测引物、DNA多聚酶、PCR反应缓冲液,dNTP,灭菌蒸馏水,混合,进行PCR反应,反应体系和反应条件同(2);
(4)PCR反应完成后,取等量的(2)和(3)的PCR产物经1~2%含溴化乙锭的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,对产物亮度进行检测比对,确定sGST去毒酶基因的基因表达情况。
根据如上所述的检测步骤,检测试剂盒应当含有如下组分:用于PCR扩增反应时采用的DNA多聚酶如常用的rTaq,与该酶配套使用的含有Mg2+的反应缓冲液(PCR Buffer),以及dNTP缓冲液(2.5mM),关键的是用于检测淡水鱼类sGSTmRNA的相对表达水平的上下游检测引物;另外,还需要淡水鱼类的β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测的上下游引物作为检测时的外参照,以及用于Control cDNA淡水鱼类的sGST cDNA作为阳性对照品。
这里所说的淡水养殖鱼类sGST mRNA的相对表达水平检测引物,是指鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鳜鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼的检测引物,根据不同的需要,可以是这几种鱼类的任一种、或任两种、或任两种以上随机组合、甚至包含这些鱼类的全部检测引物;另外,这些引物都是根据本发明所公开的这些鱼类sGST的cDNA序列所设计的,共7种cDNA,其cDNA序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQ ID NO:11、SEQ IDNO:13所示。
另外,由于鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼的sGST的cDNA序列较高的同源性,因此,这三种鱼类的sGST检测引物可以根据cDNA序列的同源区设计通用引物。鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼的sGST的cDNA序列同源性比较见附图3。通用引物的设计和应用详见具体实施例。
另外,本发明公开的检测试剂盒中所选用的用于PCR扩增反应的DNA多聚酶,可以是任一公司的DNA多聚酶,PCR反应缓冲液为该任一公司与该酶配套的反应缓冲液。目前常用的DNA多聚酶有许多种如rTaq、Pfu、Taq Plus、HotStartTaq、Taq Platinum或Pyrobest等,在本发明的具体实施例中,选用的是rTaq。
另外,本发明公开的检测试剂盒中所用的用于PCR扩增反应的dNTP溶液,可以是任一公司的dNTP溶液,含有dATP、dCTP、dGTP和dTTP四种组分,在本发明给出的具体实施例中,dNTP溶液的浓度为2.5mM。
另外,本试剂盒提供的淡水养殖鱼类的β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测的上下游引物作为检测时的外参照,主要是为了用于从鱼类肝细胞提取的靶RNA的定量,以避免模板的定量误差,加样误差以及各反应体系中的扩增效率不均一,各孔间的温度差等造成的误差,还可以检测模板的完整性,尤其在RT-PCR中,还可以检测模板是否阴性表达等。由于淡水鱼类的β-肌动蛋白具有较高的保守性,所以本发明所提供的β-肌动蛋白mRNA检测引物可以是不同鱼类特异的,也可以是多种鱼类通用的。在本发明所提供的具体实施例中,鲢鱼、鳜鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼为通用的β-肌动蛋白检测引物。
另外,本发明所提供的检测试剂盒还提供了淡水鱼类的sGST cDNA作为阳性对照模板。取该模板和相应的检测引物,在一定的PCR反应体系下,可以扩增出相应的阳性PCR产物,与待测样品的RT-PCR扩增产物一起进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,可以通过比较阳性PCR产物的位置,快速找到目的条带的位置,达到定性的目的。
另外,本发明所提供的检测试剂盒还可以包含用于cDNA合成的oligo(dT)18通用引物和反转录酶、反应缓冲液。其反转录酶为目前可以采用的任一公司的反转录酶,反应缓冲液为该任一公司与反转录酶配套的反应缓冲液,oligo(dT)18通用引物可以交由相关专业公司进行合成。目前常用的反转录酶有来源于禽成髓细胞瘤病毒提取物的AMV如Takara和Promega等公司生产的AMV和来源于鼠白血病病毒的Mo-MLV如Stratagene公司的Stratascript,Life Technologies公司的Suprscript和Suprscript II、invitrogen公司的SuperScriptIII以及Promega的MLV系列。
采用本发明所公开的试剂盒,建议的反应体系为
dd H2O10×PCR缓冲液(含Mg2+)dNTP(2.5mM)上游引物下游引物cDNArTaq酶 | 36.75μl5μl4μl1μl1μl1μl0.25μl |
Total | 50μl |
PCR扩增反应条件:94℃预变性3~6min,然后94℃ 30sec~1min,55~65℃ 30sec~1min,72℃ 30sec~1min,共25~32个循环,最后72℃延伸5~10min;
PCR产物经在1~2%琼脂糖凝胶上电泳(方法与试验二相同)后用凝胶成像系统及相关软件进行分析,结果以待测基因与β-肌动蛋白mRNA的RT-PCR产物亮度之比(%)表示。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明通过测定鱼体去毒酶基因表达水平来确定鱼体内是否含有微囊藻毒素等毒物及其食用安全问题。本发明不必采用不同药物专门检测方法盲目抽检是否含有某种药物,而是基于不同毒物最终均将导致鱼体肝脏去毒酶——可溶性谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(sGST)基因表达,通过固定方法检测sGST基因表达水平,从而对淡水养殖鱼类体内的毒素含量进行定性定量,为淡水养殖鱼食用安全提供安全、简便、可靠的指标。本发明虽然不能确定污染毒物等的具体种类,但绝对能保证受检合格的鱼不处于被污染状态并可安全食用。如有必要,对于受检不合格鱼则可有目的地采用常规化学手段,对可能的毒物进一步逐个检测以确定污染毒物的种类。
附图说明
图1为5’-RACE法原理示意图;
图2为3’-RACE法原理示意图;
图3为淡水鱼类sGST氨基酸同源性比较图;
图4为不同鱼类sGST的表达情况;
图5不同鱼类sGST(a)和β-肌动蛋白(b)mRNA表达的RT-PCR分析:M,marker;1,鲢鱼;2,鳙鱼;3,草鱼;4,鲫鱼;5,鲮鱼;6,罗非鱼;
图6罗非鱼分别进行腹腔注射PBS、LPS、MC-LR、MC-LR+LPS,24h后肝脏组织特异性表达GST(谷光甘肽-S-转移酶)与beta-actin表达量百分比;PBS、LPS、MC-LR+LPS处理组均与MC-LR处理组有显著性差异;但PBS、LPS、MC-LR+LPS处理组之间无显著差异;
图7罗非鱼不同毒素处理sGST(A)和β-肌动蛋白(B)mRNA表达的RT-PCR分析:M,marker;1,对照组;2,腹腔注射LPS;3,腹腔注射MC-LR;4,腹腔注射MC-LR+LPS。
具体实施方式
实施例1 鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼等肝脏微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA新序列的成功克隆
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼于博罗县显岗水库及其附近水域捕得,鳜鱼于广州市石牌市场购得。
(1)总RNA提取和cDNA第一链的合成
分别从鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼分离肝脏组织,总RNA的提取与纯化按Promega公司的SV Total RNA Isolation System试剂盒推荐方法进行。cDNA第一链的合成使用TaKaRa公司的RNA LA PCRTMKit(AMV)Ver.1.1试剂盒,分别以鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼肝脏总RNA为模板,oligo(dT)18为反转录引物,操作按试剂盒推荐方法进行。
(2)鲢鱼、鳙鱼等淡水养殖鱼类微囊藻毒素去毒酶基因cDNA核心片断的克隆
根据已知脊椎动物sGST氨基酸序列的保守区域设计3个简并引物,sGST01F、sGST02F、sGST03R,引物序列见表1。sGST01F和sGST03R用于克隆鲢鱼、鲫鱼sGST cDNA核心片段;sGST02F和sGST03R用于克隆鳙鱼、草鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼sGST cDNA核心片段。PCR扩增条件均为:94℃预变性3min,94℃ 1min,40℃ 1min,72℃ 1min,共30个循环,最后72℃延伸5min。
(3)鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼等的去毒酶基因5’端cDNA扩增
根据克隆得到的鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼sGST cDNA核心片断,设计5’RACE反转录引物SCRT(鲢鱼)、BCRT(鳙鱼)、TRT(罗非鱼)和嵌套PCR引物SCS1/SCA1和SCS2/SCA2(鲢鱼)、BCS1/BCA1和BCS2/BCA2(鳙鱼)、TS1/TA1和TS2/TA2(罗非鱼),引物序列见表1。
5’RACE的操作按试剂盒推荐方法进行。首先以反转录引物(SCRT、BCRT、TRT或TSRT)合成cDNA模板,接着用RNA酶进行消化以产生单链cDNA,再以T4连接酶进行连接产生PCR模板。分别以嵌套PCR引物SCS1/SCA1(鲢鱼)、BCS1/BCA1(鳙鱼)、TS1/TA1(罗非鱼)与SCS2/SCA2(鲢鱼)、BCS2/BCA2(鳙鱼)、TS2/TA2(罗非鱼)为引物进行两轮PCR反应。首轮PCR反应条件为:94℃预变性3min,随之94℃ 1min,55℃1min,72℃ 1min,25个循环,最后72℃延伸5min;第二轮PCR反应条件为:94℃预变性3min,随之94℃ 1min,60℃ 1min,72℃ 1min,30个循环,最后72℃延伸5min。
(4)鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼等的去毒酶基因3’端cDNA扩增
3’RACE的操作参照试剂盒推荐方法。首先以试剂盒提供的oligodT-3sites Adaptor primer为引物进行反转录反应,然后以试剂盒提供的3sitesAdaptor primer和5’RACE的SCS2(鲢鱼)、BCS2(鳙鱼)、TS2(罗非鱼)(表1)为引物进行首次PCR反应。PCR反应条件与5’RACE首轮PCR相同,但循环次数为30次。巢式PCR所用引物为3sites Adaptor primer与SCS3(鲢鱼)、BCS3(鳙鱼)、TS3(罗非鱼),引物序列见表1,PCR反应条件与5’RACE第二轮PCR相同。
(5)PCR产物的克隆及序列分析
PCR产物经2%琼脂糖电泳纯化,H.Q.& Q.Gel Extraction Kit II(U-gene)回收后克隆至pMD 18-T载体(TaKaRa),转化感受态E.coli JM109,利用M13正反向引物,通过PCR反应检测得到阳性克隆,阳性克隆由博亚公司进行测序。用DNA分析软件vector NTI suite 6.0进行序列分析。
获得的鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGST序列请见序列表;鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的序列同源性比对请见说明书附图3。
表1鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼、鳜鱼sGST基因简并引物
及鲢鱼、鳙鱼罗非鱼5’、3’RACE PCR引物
引物名称 | 引物序列 |
sGST01FsGST02FsGST03RTRTTS1TA1TS2TA2TS3SCRTSCS1SCA1SCS2SCA2 | 5’-TACTTCAATGGCAGAGG(C/G)AA(A/G)ATGGA(A/G)-3’5’-TC(T/C)TTTGAGAAAATGGA(G/A)CA(C/T)AA-3’5’-CCCTC(A/G)AACATGCG(C/T)TG(G/A)TACAT-3’5’-(P)CACAGGAAGGTAGCG-3’5’-CATGATACTTCCCTTCACC-3’5’-TTCCATGAGGTCTGTCAA-3’5’-GGACAACATTCAGAGCAA-3’5’-CCTCAGAGTACATGTTGA-3’5’-AGGGCAGGATGACACAA-3’5’-(P)AACACAGGCAGGAAG-3’5’-ACAGAGGGTACCATTGATA-3’5’-AGCCCGTTCTTTAAGGTC-3’5’-TTGAGCCACCTGAGACCA-3’5’-AACTCGACTCCAGCTGCG-3’ |
SCS3BCRTBCS1BCA1BCS2BCA2BCS3 | 5’-AGGGCAGGATGACACAA-3’5’-(P)AACACAGGCAGGAAG-3’5’-GGATCTCATCATAATGTCTG-3’5’-CTCTGCATACATGTCAATC-3’5’-GCAGAAACAGCTCGGTAA-3’5’-AGCCCGTTCTTTAAGGTC-3’5’-GCCTTACCAAGAATCAGCA-3’ |
实施例2 淡水鱼类食用安全的终点检测试剂盒的制备
(1)、试剂盒组成:
rTaq(5U/μl)
10×PCR Buffer(Mg2+plus)
dNTP(2.5mM)
Control cDNA(鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼共7种cDNA)
引物(各种淡水鱼引物共12个)
GST01F:5’-GACCTTAAAGAACGGGC-3’
GST02R:5’-GGAACTTGCTGATTCTTGG-3’
GST03F:5’-AAGGCCTCAAAGACCGTG-3’
GST04R:5’-CAGGAACCTGTTGATGGC-3’
GST05F:5’-AGGATCCCAAAGAACGAG-3’
GST06R:5’-CAGAAACCTGCTGATGGC-3’
GST07F:5’-AAGAAAGGGCTCTGATTG-3’
GST08R:5’-GCTGGAGGAACTTGCTGA-3’
GST09R:5’-GAAACTTGCTGATTGTTGG-3’
ACT01F:5’-CGTGACATCAAGGAGAAGC-3’
ACT02R:5’-TCTGCTGGAAGGTGGACAG-3’
ACT03R:5’-TCTGCTGGAAGATAGACAG-3’
其中:GST01F与GST02R为鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼的sGST基因通用引物,扩增出的片段大小为334bp;
GST03F与GST04R为鳜鱼的sGST引物,扩增出的片段大小为332bp;
GST05F与GST06R为罗非鱼的sGST引物,扩增出的片段大小为332bp;
GST07F与GST08R为鲮鱼的sGST引物,扩增出的片段大小为333bp;
GST01F与GST09R为鲫鱼的sGST引物,扩增出的片段大小为334bp;
ACT01F与ACT02R为鲢鱼、鳜鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼的通用β-肌动蛋白引物,扩增出的片段大小为436bp;
ACT01F与ACT03R为鲫鱼引物的β-肌动蛋白引物,扩增出的片段大小为436bp。
(2)试剂盒操作说明:
建议的PCR反应体系为表2所示:
表2
dd H2O10×PCR Buffer(Mg2+plus)dNTP(2.5mM)Primer 1Primer 2cDNArTaq酶(TaKaRa) | 36.75μl5μl4μl1μl1μl1μl0.25μl |
Total | 50μl |
建议的PCR扩增反应条件:
94℃预变性3min然后94℃变性1min,55℃退火1min,72℃延伸1min,共进行30个循环反应;循环结束后72℃再延伸5min。
PCR产物经在2%琼脂糖凝胶上电泳后用凝胶成像系统及配套软件(AlphaImaget,Alpha Inotech,USA)进行分析,结果以待测基因与β-肌动蛋白mRNA的RT-PCR产物亮度之比(%)表示。
实施例3 检测试剂盒在淡水鱼类肝脏去毒酶基因mRNA表达水平测定方面的应用
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲫鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼肝脏组织的总RNA提取和cDNA合成同实施例1中所述。取实施例2所述试剂盒,用特异引物GST01F与GST02R扩增鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼sGST cDNA片段(334bp);GST01F与GST09R扩增鲫鱼sGST cDNA片段(334bp);GST07F与GST08R扩增鲮鱼sGST cDNA片段(333bp);GST05F与GST06R扩增罗非鱼sGST cDNA片段(333bp)。用特异引物ACT01F和ACT02R扩增鲢鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲮鱼、罗非鱼β-肌动蛋白cDNA片段(436bp);用ACT01F和ACT03R扩增鲫鱼β-肌动蛋白cDNA片段(436bp)。
PCR反应条件为94℃预变性3min,94℃ 1min,55℃ 1min,72℃ 1min,共30个循环,最后72℃延伸5min。指数增长期内终止反应。PCR产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和溴化乙锭染色后用凝胶成像系统及相关软件(AlphaImaget,Alpha Inotech,USA)进行分析,结果以sGST与β-肌动蛋白mRNA的RT-PCR产物亮度之比(%)表示。
采用统计分析软件SPSS 10.0对不同种鱼类肝脏sGST mRNA相对表达水平平均值差异进行统计分析。若P<0.05,平均值的差异即认为是显著的。
相关结果请见说明书附图4和5。
实施例4 检测试剂盒在罗非鱼染毒试验中的应用
实验室中驯养3周以上喂食经济鱼食而进行人工排毒的的罗非鱼,20尾随机分成4组,每组5尾,用于染毒试验。经人工饲养排毒后的罗非鱼染毒方式采用腹腔注射,磷酸缓冲液PBS为溶剂,将MCLR纯化产物稀释到相应的浓度。对照组注射磷酸缓冲液PBS,实验组1注射MC-LR,实验组2注射LPS,实验组3注射MC-LR+LPS,毒素均经腹鳍下方注入腹腔。24h后冰冻麻醉,分离肝脏组织。总RNA提取和cDNA第一链的合成方法如实施例1中所述。
取实施例2中所述的检测试剂盒,用GST05F-GST06R sGST基因特异引物扩增一个332bp的sGST cDNA片段。用ACT01F-ACT02R引物扩增一个436bp的β2肌动蛋白cDNA片段。
PCR反应条件为94℃预变性3min,94℃ 1min,55℃ 1min,72℃ 1min,共30个循环,最后72℃延伸5min。指数增长期内终止反应。PCR产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和溴化乙锭染色后用凝胶成像系统及相关软件(AlphaImaget,Alpha Inotech,USA)进行分析,结果以sGST与β-肌动蛋白mRNA的RT-PCR产物亮度之比(%)表示。
采用统计分析软件SPSS 1.0。对罗非鱼肝脏sGST基因诱导前后mRNA相对表达水平平均值差异进行统计分析。若P<0.05,平均值的差异即认为是显著的。
罗非鱼分别进行腹腔注射PBS(磷酸缓冲液)、LPS(脂多糖)、MC-LR(微囊藻毒素的LR型)、MC-LR+LPS,24h后肝脏组织特异性表达GST(谷光甘肽-S-转移酶)与β-肌动蛋白表达量百分比的结果显示:PBS、LPS、MC-LR+LPS处理组均与MC-LR处理组有显著性差异。对罗非鱼sGST基因的表达水平进行比较(图-11,12),发现罗非鱼sGST基因的表达水平在不同处理前后发生改变,其中sGST在毒素诱导后其表达量有明显提高(P<0.05),罗非鱼腹腔注射MC-LR 24h后,肝脏组织特异性表达sGST量比未处理对照组sGST表达水平约升高一倍。证明毒素诱导可增加sGST表达。
相关结果请见说明书附图6和7。
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
SEQUENCE LISTING
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<130>鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列
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acacacattg catttctgca cacactgtct gctgcacagc aaagagtttt gaagtgtcgc 60
attattttgt gaaa atg tcc ggg aaa gtt gtg ttg cat tac ttc aat gga 110
Met Ser Gly Lys Val Val Leu His Tyr Phe Asn Gly
1 5 10
aga ggg aag atg gag tcg atc cga tgg ctg ttg gcc gca gct gga gtc 158
Arg Gly Lys Met Glu Ser Ile Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala Ala Ala Gly Val
15 20 25
gag ttt gag gag gtg ttt ctg acc aaa agg gag cat tat gat aaa ctg 206
Glu Phe Glu Glu Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Arg Glu His Tyr Asp Lys Leu
30 35 40
ctg aat gat gga gcc ctg atg ttt cag cag gtg cct ttg gtt gaa ata 254
Leu Asn Asp Gly Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu Val Glu Ile
45 50 55 60
gat ggg atg cag ctt gtg cag tca agg gct atc ttg aat tac atc gct 302
Asp Gly Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Arg Ala Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala
65 70 75
gga aaa tac aat ctc tat gga aaa gac ctt aaa gaa cgg gct ttg att 350
Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile
80 85 90
gac atg tat aca gag ggt acc att gat ata atg gat ctt atc atg cat 398
Asp Met Tyr Thr Glu Gly Thr Ile Asp Ile Met Asp Leu Ile Met His
95 100 105
ttt cct gtt gag cca cct gag acc aag cag aaa cag ctc ggt aat att 446
Phe Pro Val Glu Pro Pro Glu Thr Lys Gln Lys Gln Leu Gly Asn Ile
110 115 120
gag caa aag gca aaa gag cgc ttc ctg cct gtg ttt gaa aag gct ctt 494
Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg Phe Leu Pro Val Phe Glu Lys Ala Leu
125 130 135 140
gca aac tct caa ttc ctg gtg gga aac cag ttg agc cgc gct gat gtt 542
Ala Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val
145 150 155
cac ctt ctg gaa gtc act ctg atg ctg cag gag tta ctc cct aca ata 590
His Leu Leu Glu Val Thr Leu Met Leu Gln Glu Leu Leu Pro Thr Ile
160 165 170
ctg tca acc ttt ccc aaa atc cag gcg ttc cag gaa aga atg aag gcc 638
Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Gln Glu Arg Met Lys Ala
175 180 185
tta cca aga atc agc aag ttc ctg cag ccc ggc agt gca aga aaa cct 686
Leu Pro Arg Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro
190 195 200
cct cct gat gag gag gtg atg aaa acc gtg aag gag gtg ttg agc cac 734
Pro Pro Asp Glu Glu Val Met Lys Thr Val Lys Glu Val Leu Ser His
205 210 215 220
ctc ttt aag tag aagaaccatg gaaaaccagt tcttcagaac attttaatga 786
Leu Phe Lys
tgctaatcac taattgattt agaagctttc ttattaaaac taaaacagat ttatttggaa 846
tgtaaaagat acagtttgga taaagtgata atattgtgat atgaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 906
aaaaaaaaaa aaaa 920
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<213>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix(鲢鱼)
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Met Ser Gly Lys Val Val Leu His Tyr Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met
1 5 10 15
Glu Ser Ile Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala Ala Ala Gly Val Glu Phe Glu Glu
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
20 25 30
Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Arg Glu His Tyr Asp Lys Leu Leu Asn Asp Gly
35 40 45
Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu Val Glu Ile Asp Gly Met Gln
50 55 60
Leu Val Gln Ser Arg Ala Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn
65 70 75 80
Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Thr
85 90 95
Glu Gly Thr Ile Asp Ile Met Asp Leu Ile Met His Phe Pro Val Glu
100 105 110
Pro Pro Glu Thr Lys Gln Lys Gln Leu Gly Asn Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala
115 120 125
Lys Glu Arg Phe Leu Pro Val Phe Glu Lys Ala Leu Ala Asn Ser Gln
130 135 140
Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu
145 150 155 160
Val Thr Leu Met Leu Gln Glu Leu Leu Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe
165 170 175
Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Gln Glu Arg Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ile
180 185 190
Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro Pro Asp Glu
195 200 205
Glu Val Met Lys Thr Val Lys Glu Val Leu Ser His Leu Phe Lys
210 215 220
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<222>(158)..(820)
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gcagaaacag ctcggtaata ttgagcaaaa ggcaaaagag cgctggtacc ctctgcacac 60
acacacacac actgctgcac agcaaagagt ttcgcttcat tttgagaaca tttattttat 120
tttttaagtg tcgctttatt ttgtgaaaat gtctggg aaa gtt gtg ttg cat tac 175
Lys Val Val Leu His Tyr
1 5
ttc aat gga aga ggg aaa atg gag tcg gtc cga tgg ctt ttg gcc gca 223
Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met Glu Ser Val Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala Ala
10 15 20
gct gga gtc gag ttt gag gag gtg ttt ctg acc aaa agg gag cat ttt 271
Ala Gly Val Glu Phe Glu Glu Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Arg Glu His Phe
25 30 35
gat aaa ctg ctg aat gat gga gcc ctg atg ttt cag cag gtg cct ttg 319
Asp Lys Leu Leu Asn Asp Gly Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu
40 45 50
gtt gaa ata gat ggg atg cag ctt gtg cag tca agg gct atc ttg aat 367
Val Glu Ile Asp Gly Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Arg Ala Ile Leu Asn
55 60 65 70
tac atc gct gga aaa tac aat ctc tat gga aaa gac ctt aaa gaa cgg 415
Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu Lys Glu Arg
75 80 85
gct ttg att gac atg tat gca gag ggt acc agc gat cta atg gat ctc 463
Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Ala Glu Gly Thr Ser Asp Leu Met Asp Leu
90 95 100
atc ata atg tct gtt ttc gct cca ccc gaa aac aag cag aaa cag ctc 511
Ile Ile Met Ser Val Phe Ala Pro Pro Glu Asn Lys Gln Lys Gln Leu
105 110 115
ggt aat att gag caa aag gca aaa gag cgc ttc ctg cct gtg ttt gaa 559
Gly Asn Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg Phe Leu Pro Val Phe Glu
120 125 130
aag ggt ctt gca aac tct caa ttc ctg gtg gga aac cag ttg agc cgc 607
Lys Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser Arg
135 140 145 150
gct gat gtt cac ctt ctg gag gtc act ctg atg ctg cag gag tta ttc 655
Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Val Thr Leu Met Leu Gln Glu Leu Phe
155 160 165
cct aca ata ctg tca acc ttt ccc aaa atc cag gcg ttc cag gaa aga 703
Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Gln Glu Arg
170 175 180
atg aag gcc tta cca aga atc agc aag ttc ctg cag ccc ggc agt gca 751
Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
185 190 195
aga aaa cct cct cct gat gag gtg tac gtg aaa act gtg aag gag gtg 799
Arg Lys Pro Pro Pro Asp Glu Val Tyr Val Lys Thr Val Lys Glu Val
200 205 210
ttg agc cac ctc ttt aag tag aaggaccact taaaaacatt tagatgatgt 850
Leu Ser His Leu Phe Lys
215 220
taatcactaa ttaatttaca agcttcctta ttaaaactga ggcactaaaa tggacagatt 910
tatttggaat gtacaagata ctgtctggat aaagtaataa tattgtgata tgcaaaaaaa 970
aaaaaaaa 978
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Lys Val Val Leu His Tyr Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met Glu Ser Val
1 5 10 15
Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala Ala Ala Gly Val Glu Phe Glu Glu Val Phe Leu
20 25 30
Thr Lys Arg Glu His Phe Asp Lys Leu Leu Asn Asp Gly Ala Leu Met
35 40 45
Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu Val Glu Ile Asp Gly Met Gln Leu Val Gln
50 55 60
Ser Arg Ala Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly
65 70 75 80
Lys Asp Leu Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Ala Glu Gly Thr
85 90 95
Ser Asp Leu Met Asp Leu Ile Ile Met Ser Val Phe Ala Pro Pro Glu
100 105 110
Asn Lys Gln Lys Gln Leu Gly Asn Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg
115 120 125
Phe Leu Pro Val Phe Glu Lys Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val
130 135 140
Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Val Thr Leu
145 150 155 160
Met Leu Gln Glu Leu Phe Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile
165 170 175
Gln Ala Phe Gln Glu Arg Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ile Ser Lys Phe
180 185 190
Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro Pro Asp Glu Val Tyr Val
195 200 205
Lys Thr Val Lys Glu Val Leu Ser His Leu Phe Lys
210 215 220
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<221>CDS
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aaaaagaaaa cagcaacaaa agcc atg tct gaa aaa cct gtg ctg tac tat 51
Met Ser Glu Lys Pro Val Leu Tyr Tyr
1 5
ttt aat ggg aga ggg aag atg gag tca atc cgc tgg ctt tta act gtt 99
Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met Glu Ser Ile Arg Trp Leu Leu Thr Val
10 15 20 25
gct gaa gtc gag ttt gat gaa gtg ctt ctg aca act cgg gag cag tat 147
Ala Glu Val Glu Phe Asp Glu Val Leu Leu Thr Thr Arg Glu Gln Tyr
30 35 40
gaa aaa ctc ctg aat gat ggg gcg ctc atg ttt caa cag gtc cct ttg 195
Glu Lys Leu Leu Asn Asp Gly Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu
45 50 55
gtg gaa atg gat ggc atg aag ctc att cag aca aaa gca atc ctg aat 243
Val Glu Met Asp Gly Met Lys Leu Ile Gln Thr Lys Ala Ile Leu Asn
60 65 70
tac atc gca gag aaa tac atc ctg aac tac atc gca ggg aag tat aat 291
Tyr Ile Ala Glu Lys Tyr Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn
75 80 85
ctg cat gca aag gat ccc aaa gaa cga gta atg atc aac atg tac tct 339
Leu His Ala Lys Asp Pro Lys Glu Arg Val Met Ile Asn Met Tyr Ser
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
90 95 100 105
gag gga ttg aca gac ctc atg gaa atg atc atg ata ctt ccc ttc acc 387
Glu Gly Leu Thr Asp Leu Met Glu Met Ile Met Ile Leu Pro Phe Thr
110 115 120
cca gat ccc aaa ccc aaa ctg gac aac att cag agc aaa gca aag gag 435
Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Lys Leu Asp Asn Ile Gln Ser Lys Ala Lys Glu
125 130 135
cgc tac ctt cct gtg tat gaa aag gct ctg act gga ccc gtg tac ctg 483
Arg Tyr Leu Pro Val Tyr Glu Lys Ala Leu Thr Gly Pro Val Tyr Leu
140 145 150
gtg gga ggt aaa cta agc ctt gct gat gtg ctg ctt gtt gaa tgc acc 531
Val Gly Gly Lys Leu Ser Leu Ala Asp Val Leu Leu Val Glu Cys Thr
155 160 165
ctg atg ctg gag gag aaa ttt cca gac att ctg aaa gac ttc ccc aat 579
Leu Met Leu Glu Glu Lys Phe Pro Asp Ile Leu Lys Asp Phe Pro Asn
170 175 180 185
atc aag tcc ttt cag ggc agg atg aca caa atc ccc gcc atc agc agg 627
Ile Lys Ser Phe Gln Gly Arg Met Thr Gln Ile Pro Ala Ile Ser Arg
190 195 200
ttt ctg cag ccg ggc agc aag agg aag cca gcg cca gat gaa aaa tac 675
Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Lys Arg Lys Pro Ala Pro Asp Glu Lys Tyr
205 210 215
ttg aaa aat gtt gtg gaa gtc cta aac ctc aag ttg cca ctt taa 720
Leu Lys Asn Val Val Glu Val Leu Asn Leu Lys Leu Pro Leu
220 225 230
gaaacactac aaaagatctg ttacattcct cattaggcaa cgtgattatg atcagttaca 780
tctggaggca tacgtgaaga taaacgctgc actaacacaa caacatggaa agaacttctg 840
taatctgctt taccaataaa cacatttgac acaaaaaaaa aaaaaaa 887
<210>6
<211>231
<212>PRT
<213>Oreochromis nilotica(罗非鱼)
<400>6
Met Ser Glu Lys Pro Val Leu Tyr Tyr Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met
1 5 10 15
Glu Ser Ile Arg Trp Lou Leu Thr Val Ala Glu Val Glu Phe Asp Glu
20 25 30
Val Leu Leu Thr Thr Arg Glu Gln Tyr Glu Lys Leu Leu Asn Asp Gly
35 40 45
Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro Leu Val Glu Met Asp Gly Met Lys
50 55 60
Leu Ile Gln Thr Lys Ala Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Glu Lys Tyr Ile
65 70 75 80
Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu His Ala Lys Asp Pro Lys
85 90 95
Glu Arg Val Met Ile Asn Met Tyr Ser Glu Gly Leu Thr Asp Leu Met
100 105 110
Glu Met Ile Met Ile Leu Pro Phe Thr Pro Asp Pro Lys Pro Lys Leu
115 120 125
Asp Asn Ile Gln Ser Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg Tyr Leu Pro Val Tyr Glu
130 135 140
Lys Ala Leu Thr Gly Pro Val Tyr Leu Val Gly Gly Lys Leu Ser Leu
145 150 155 160
Ala Asp Val Leu Leu Val Glu Cys Thr Leu Met Leu Glu Glu Lys Phe
165 170 175
Pro Asp Ile Leu Lys Asp Phe Pro Asn Ile Lys Ser Phe Gln Gly Arg
180 185 190
Met Thr Gln Ile Pro Ala Ile Ser Arg Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser Lys
195 200 205
Arg Lys Pro Ala Pro Asp Glu Lys Tyr Leu Lys Asn Val Val Glu Val
210 215 220
Leu Asn Leu Lys Leu Pro Leu
225 230
<210>7
<211>405
<212>DNA
<213>Cirrhinus molitorella(鲮鱼)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(1)..(405)
<400>7
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
atc ctg aac tac atc gca gga aag tac aat cta tat gga aaa gac ctt 48
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu
1 5 10 15
aaa gaa agg gct ctg att gac atg tat aca gag ggt gcc atc gat cta 96
Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Thr Glu Gly Ala Ile Asp Leu
20 25 30
atg gat cag att ata acg ctt cct ttt aca cca cct gsa aac aaa cag 144
Met Asp Gln Ile Ile Thr Leu Pro Phe Thr Pro Pro Glu Asn Lys Gln
35 40 45
aaa caa ctc agt aac ata gag gaa aag gca aaa gat cgc tet tta cct 192
Lys Gln Leu Ser Asn Ile Glu Glu Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Tyr Leu Pro
50 55 60
gca ttt gaa aag ggt ctt aaa aac tct cag ttc ctt gtg gga aac cag 240
Ala Phe Glu Lys Gly Leu Lys Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln
65 70 75 80
ttg agc cgt gca gac gtt cac ctt ctt gaa gtc att ctg atg ttg cag 288
Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Val Ile Leu Met Leu Gln
85 90 95
gag tta ttc cca aca ata ctc tca acc ttt ccc aaa atc cag gca ttt 336
Glu Leu Phe Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe
100 105 110
caa gag aaa atg aag gcc ttg cca aca gtc agc aag ttc ctc cag cca 384
Gln Glu Lys Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro
115 120 125
ggc agc gct agg aaa cct cca 405
Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130 135
<210>8
<211>135
<212>PRT
<213>Cirrhinus molitorella(鲮鱼)
<400>8
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu
1 5 10 15
Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Thr Glu Gly Ala Ile Asp Leu
20 25 30
Met Asp Gln Ile Ile Thr Leu Pro Phe Thr Pro Pro Glu Asn Lys Gln
35 40 45
Lys Gln Leu Ser Asn Ile Glu Glu Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Tyr Leu Pro
50 55 60
Ala Phe Glu Lys Gly Leu Lys Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln
65 70 75 80
Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Val Ile Leu Met Leu Gln
85 90 95
Glu Leu Phe Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe
100 105 110
Gln Glu Lys Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Thr Val Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro
115 120 125
Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130 135
<210>9
<211>591
<212>DNA
<213>Carassius auratu(鲫鱼)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(1)..(591)
<400>9
tac ttc aat ggc aga ggg aag atg ggg tcg atc cga tgg ctg ctg gct 48
Tyr Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met Gly Ser Ile Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
gca gct gga gtc cag ttt gag gaa gtg ttt ttg acc aaa aga gag gag 96
Ala Ala Gly Val Gln Phe Glu Glu Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Arg Glu Glu
20 25 30
tat gaa aag ctg ctc aaa gat gga gcc ctg atg ttc cag cag gtg cct 144
Tyr Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Asp Gly Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro
35 40 45
ttg gtg gaa atc gac ggg atg cag ctt gtg cag tcc aag gcc atc ctg 192
Leu Val Glu Ile Asp Gly Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Ala Ile Leu
50 55 60
aac tac atc gct gga aaa tac aat cta tat gga caa gac ctt aaa gaa 240
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Gln Asp Leu Lys Glu
65 70 75 80
cgg gct atg atc gac atg tat tca gag gga atc ggt gat ctc atg gac 288
Arg Ala Met Ile Asp Met Tyr Ser Glu Gly Ile Gly Asp Leu Met Asp
85 90 95
ttg att ata atg tat cct ttc aaa ccg cct gaa aac aaa ccg gca cac 336
Leu Ile Ile Met Tyr Pro Phe Lys Pro Pro Glu Asn Lys Pro Ala His
100 105 110
ctc aat act ata gag cag aag gcc aaa gat cgc ttt ctt cct gtg ttt 384
Leu Asn Thr Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Phe Leu Pro Val Phe
115 120 125
gaa agg ggt ctt gcg aac tct cag ttc ctg gtg gga aac cag ctg agc 432
Glu Arg Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser
130 135 140
cgt gct gac gtt cat ctt ccc gag gtc act ctg atg ctg cag gag ctg 480
Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Pro Glu Val Thr Leu Met Leu Gln Glu Leu
145 150 155 160
ctc ccc acc att ctt tca acc ttt ccc aaa atc cag gcg ttt caa gat 528
Leu Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Gln Asp
165 170 175
aaa atg aag gcc ttg cca aca atc agc aag ttt ctc cag cca ggc agc 576
Lys Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Thr Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser
180 185 190
gct agg aaa cct cca 591
Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
195
<210>10
<211>197
<212>PRT
<213>Carassius auratu(鲫鱼)
<400>10
Tyr Phe Asn Gly Arg Gly Lys Met Gly Ser Ile Arg Trp Leu Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Ala Ala Gly Val Gln Phe Glu Glu Val Phe Leu Thr Lys Arg Glu Glu
20 25 30
Tyr Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Asp Gly Ala Leu Met Phe Gln Gln Val Pro
35 40 45
Leu Val Glu Ile Asp Gly Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Ala Ile Leu
50 55 60
Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Gln Asp Leu Lys Glu
65 70 75 80
Arg Ala Met Ile Asp Met Tyr Ser Glu Gly Ile Gly Asp Leu Met Asp
85 90 95
Leu Ile Ile Met Tyr Pro Phe Lys Pro Pro Glu Asn Lys Pro Ala His
100 105 110
Leu Asn Thr Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Phe Leu Pro Val Phe
115 120 125
Glu Arg Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Gln Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln Leu Ser
130 135 140
Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Pro Glu Val Thr Leu Met Leu Gln Glu Leu
145 150 155 160
Leu Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Gln Asp
165 170 175
Lys Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Thr Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser
180 185 190
Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
195
<210>11
<211>405
<212>DNA
<213>Ctenopharyngodon idella(草鱼)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(1)..(405)
<400>11
atc ctg aac tac atc gca gga aag tac aac ctc tat gga aaa gac ctt 48
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu
1 5 10 15
aaa gaa cgg gct ttg att gac atg tat aca gag ggt acc ctc gat cta 96
Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Thr Glu Gly Thr Leu Asp Leu
20 25 30
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
atg gat att atc atg ctg tgg gct att gag aca ccc gaa aac aaa cag 144
Met Asp Ile Ile Met Leu Trp Ala Ile Glu Thr Pro Glu Asn Lys Gln
35 40 45
aaa cag ctc agt aat ata gag caa aag gca aaa gag cgc ttc ctt cct 192
Lys Gln Leu Ser Asn Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg Phe Leu Pro
50 55 60
gtg ttt gaa aag ggt ctt gca aac tct gat ttc ctg gtg gga aac cag 240
Val Phe Glu Lys Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Asp Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln
65 70 75 80
ttg agc cgt gct gac gtt cac ctt ctg gaa gcc act ctg acg ctg cag 288
Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Ala Thr Leu Thr Leu Gln
85 90 95
gag ata tta cct aca ata ctg tca acc ttt ccc aaa atc cag gcg ttt 336
Glu Ile Leu Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe
100 105 110
cag gaa cga atg aag gct tta cca aga atc agc aag ttc ctg cag cct 384
Gln Glu Arg Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro
115 120 125
ggc agc gct agg aaa cct cca 405
Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130 135
<210>12
<211>135
<212>PRT
<213>Ctenopharyngodon idella(草鱼)
<400>12
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu Tyr Gly Lys Asp Leu
1 5 10 15
Lys Glu Arg Ala Leu Ile Asp Met Tyr Thr Glu Gly Thr Leu Asp Leu
20 25 30
Met Asp Ile Ile Met Leu Trp Ala Ile Glu Thr Pro Glu Asn Lys Gln
35 40 45
Lys Gln Leu Ser Asn Ile Glu Gln Lys Ala Lys Glu Arg Phe Leu Pro
50 55 60
Val Phe Glu Lys Gly Leu Ala Asn Ser Asp Phe Leu Val Gly Asn Gln
65 70 75 80
Leu Ser Arg Ala Asp Val His Leu Leu Glu Ala Thr Leu Thr Leu Gln
85 90 95
Glu Ile Leu Pro Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Phe Pro Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe
100 105 110
Gln Glu Arg Met Lys Ala Leu Pro Arg Ile Ser Lys Phe Leu Gln Pro
115 120 125
Gly Ser Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130 135
<210>13
<211>399
<212>DNA
<213>Siniperca chuatsi(鳜鱼)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(1)..(399)
<400>13
atc ctg aac tac atc gca ggg aag tat aac ctt cat gga aaa ggc ctc 48
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu His Gly Lys Gly Leu
1 5 10 15
aaa gac cgt gtc atg atc aat ata tac tca gag gga gtg atg gat ctc 96
Lys Asp Arg Val Met Ile Asn Ile Tyr Ser Glu Gly Val Met Asp Leu
20 25 30
atg gaa atg atc atg atg ttg ccc ttc agc cca gat cca aaa gaa aaa 144
Met Glu Met Ile Met Met Leu Pro Phe Ser Pro Asp Pro Lys Glu Lys
35 40 45
ctg gat act att caa act aaa gca aaa gat cgc tac ctt cct gtg ttt 192
Leu Asp Thr Ile Gln Thr Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Tyr Leu Pro Val Phe
50 55 60
gaa aag gcg ctg tct ggg caa ata tac ctg gtt gga ggt aaa cta agt 240
Glu Lys Ala Leu Ser Gly Gln Ile Tyr Leu Val Gly Gly Lys Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
tgt gca gac gtg cag ctg ctt gaa tgc acc ctg atg ttg gag gag aaa 288
Cys Ala Asp Val Gln Leu Leu Glu Cys Thr Leu Met Leu Glu Glu Lys
85 90 95
ttt act gga atc ctc tct gag ttt ccc aac gtc aag tct ttc cag ggc 336
Phe Thr Gly Ile Leu Ser Glu Phe Pro Asn Val Lys Ser Phe Gln Gly
鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGSTcDNA全序列或部分序列.ST25
100 105 110
agg atg atc cag att cct gcc atc aac agg ttc ctg cag cca ggc agc 384
Arg Met Ile Gln Ile Pro Ala Ile Asn Arg Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser
115 120 125
gct agg aaa cct cca 399
Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130
<210>14
<211>133
<212>PRT
<213>Siniperca chuatsi(鳜鱼)
<400>14
Ile Leu Asn Tyr Ile Ala Gly Lys Tyr Asn Leu His Gly Lys Gly Leu
1 5 10 15
Lys Asp Arg Val Met Ile Asn Ile Tyr Ser Glu Gly Val Met Asp Leu
20 25 30
Met Glu Met Ile Met Met Leu Pro Phe Ser Pro Asp Pro Lys Glu Lys
35 40 45
Leu Asp Thr Ile Gln Thr Lys Ala Lys Asp Arg Tyr Leu Pro Val Phe
50 55 60
Glu Lys Ala Leu Ser Gly Gln Ile Tyr Leu Val Gly Gly Lys Leu Ser
65 70 75 80
Cys Ala Asp Val Gln Leu Leu Glu Cys Thr Leu Met Leu Glu Glu Lys
85 90 95
Phe Thr Gly Ile Leu Ser Glu Phe Pro Asn Val Lys Ser Phe Gln Gly
100 105 110
Arg Met Ile Gln Ile Pro Ala Ile Asn Arg Phe Leu Gln Pro Gly Ser
115 120 125
Ala Arg Lys Pro Pro
130
Claims (9)
1、一种淡水养殖鱼类体内毒物含量的终点检测试剂盒,包含淡水养殖鱼类sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物,用于PCR扩增的DNA多聚酶,PCR反应缓冲液,dNTP溶液。
2、如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于所述淡水养殖鱼类sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物为鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼中任一种或任两种或任两种以上随机组合以至全部的去毒酶基因特异性检测引物。
3、如权利要求2所述的试剂盒,其特征在于所述淡水养殖鱼类sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物是以鲢鱼、鳙鱼、罗非鱼、鲮鱼、鲫鱼、草鱼、鳜鱼的sGST去毒酶基因cDNA序列为基础设计的,其cDNA序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1、SEQID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:5、SEQ ID NO:7、SEQ ID NO:9、SEQ ID NO:11、SEQ IDNO:13所示。
4、如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于所述用于PCR扩增的DNA多聚酶为rTaq、Pfu、Taq Plus、HotStart Taq、Taq Platinum或Pyrobest;所述PCR反应缓冲液为与该DNA多聚酶配套的反应缓冲液。
5、如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于所述dNTP溶液的浓度为2.5mM。
6、如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于还包含有作为外参照的淡水养殖龟类的β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测引物。
7、权利要求1或6所述的试剂盒,其特征在于还包含用于cDNA合成的oligo(dT)18通用引物和反转录酶、反应缓冲液。
8、如权利要求7所述的试剂盒,其特征在于所述反转录酶为AMV、Stratascript,Suprscript和Suprscript II、SuperScriptIII或M-MLV,所述反应缓冲液为与该反转录酶配套的反应缓冲液。
9、一种权利要求7所述试剂盒的检测方法,其步骤为:
(1)提取与纯化淡水养殖鱼类的肝脏总RNA,以oligo(dT)18作为反转录引物,采用反转录方法合成cDNA;
(2)以(1)合成的cDNA为模板,取与该模板相应鱼种的sGST去毒酶基因表达检测引物、DNA多聚酶、PCR反应缓冲液、dNTP、灭菌蒸馏水等适量混合,进行PCR反应,反应条件为:首先94℃预变性3~6min,然后94℃30sec~1min,55~65℃30sec~1min,72℃30sec~1min,共25~32个循环,最后72℃延伸5~10min;
(3)以(1)合成的cDNA为模板,β-肌动蛋白mRNA表达检测引物、DNA多聚酶、PCR反应缓冲液,dNTP,灭菌蒸馏水,混合,进行PCR反应,反应体系和反应条件同(2);
(4)PCR反应完成后,取等量的(2)和(3)的PCR产物经1~2%含溴化乙锭的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,对产物亮度进行检测比对,确定sGST去毒酶基因的基因表达情况。
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CN101397583A (zh) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-01 | 李思发 | 罗非鱼选育良种的scar标记检测技术 |
CN105002287A (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-28 | 张晓梅 | 一种应用鲢鱼检测养殖水体中污染物的方法 |
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CN1560275A (zh) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-01-05 | 中山大学 | 水产动物及人类病原菌-嗜水气单胞菌基因诊断试剂盒及检测方法 |
CN100365131C (zh) * | 2005-04-12 | 2008-01-30 | 中华人民共和国连云港出入境检验检疫局 | 一种同步检测三种鱼病病毒的试剂盒及其检测方法 |
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CN101397583A (zh) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-01 | 李思发 | 罗非鱼选育良种的scar标记检测技术 |
CN101397583B (zh) * | 2007-09-26 | 2013-07-31 | 李思发 | 罗非鱼选育良种的scar标记检测技术 |
CN105002287A (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-28 | 张晓梅 | 一种应用鲢鱼检测养殖水体中污染物的方法 |
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