CN1808347A - Computer input method for Tibetan - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for inputting Tibetan characters and optimizing layout of Tibetan characters and symbols on standard keyboard. The invention employs graph theory and probability statistics to merge modern Tibetan graphics and symbols, and lay them on the standard keyboard according to psychotechnology, which can input all Tibetan graphics and symbols in GB16959-1997 with standard keyboard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tibetan language information computer input technology, particularly a kind of Tibetan language font computer input method and Tibetan language graphic character optimizing distribution on QWERTY keyboard.
Background technology
Hiding word is to be spelt by the graphic character of Tibetan language to constitute, stipulated 168 Tibetan language graphic characters among the standard GB 16959-1997 " infotech message exchange with Tibetan code character set baseset ", these characters have comprised modern Tibetan character, Brahma-sutra Tibetan character, ancient Tibetan language character and Tibetan language special character.Also need 88 graphic characters even only handle the modern Tibetan character.During input Modern Tibetan word, general 25 pairs of characters merger in twos naturally that these 88 graphic character middle pitch shapes are identical utilizes whether the previous character of input is that upper word adding just can be distinguished.So just, be 88 graphic character merger of Modern Tibetan word among the GB GB16959-1997 63 kinds of characters.When input comprises Sanskrit Tibetan and the ancient all Tibetan word of hiding word, need to use whole 168 characters in the GB16959-1997 standard.
Remove outside some special function keys in the major key panel of the QWERTY keyboard that computer input information is widely used, and can be used for importing the key position of hiding word and have only 48, comprises letter key, numerical key, punctuation mark key and space bar.As seen, the Tibetan language graphic character can not be corresponding one by one with the key position of QWERTY keyboard.
At present, Tibetan language word processing both domestic and external and light printing typesetting system have " Tibetan/Sanskrit editing and type setting ", " magnificent light Tibetan language word processing system ", " the upright Tibetan/Sanskrit editing and type setting 7.21 " and " Sambhota Tibetan language word processing system " that increases Tibetan/Buddhist editor and composing function on " with first Tibetan language word processing system 1.0 ", the Founder 6.01 book edition system bases.Operation instruction " NITARTHA--SAMBHOTA " from Sambhota, " the upright Tibetan/Sanskrit editing and type setting of the Founder 7.21 book edition systems operation instruction " of Founder, Gansu is with " input method of Tibetan language text " of " with first Tibetan language word processing 1.0 " of first company, among " the Founder 6.01 book edition systems upright Tibetans/Sanskrit editing and type setting operation instruction " of Founder and " the magnificent light library Tibetan language DOS--HGZC " of Hua Guang company as can be seen, at present less and the main mode of the problem more than the Tibetan language graphic character is as follows in the key position that solves QWERTY keyboard:
(1) enlarges the keyboard layout requirement that key element set satisfies the Tibetan language graphic character by shift.QWERTY keyboard is removed 47 the key positions and the function key Shift combination of space bar, makes denotable Tibetan language graphic character number be extended to 95.
(2) solve with sign key or the particularization of input coding rule.
(3) the high Tibetan language graphic character of layout part usage frequency on the key position of QWERTY keyboard only.
The major defect of above-mentioned solution is:
(1) design of the key position of Tibetan language graphic character does not design in strict accordance with the computer keyboard design theory, promptly do not follow the biomechanics method such as frequency statistics principle, Charles Dvorak (Dvorak) principle of character input link, the difficult usefulness, particularly use of finding it difficult to learn is becomed privileged coding rule can significantly increase the study of Tibetan word input method and the difficulty of use.
(2) increased word mean code length, influenced the speed of input.The usage frequency of Modern Tibetan word is the highest, owing to also use Macintosh to finish to the input of Modern Tibetan word, must influence input speed.
(3) can not use low Tibetan word or the Tibetan language symbol of QWERTY keyboard importation usage frequency, thereby limit the ability of hiding the word input.
Summary of the invention
Thereby Macintosh causes that code length increases because of having used when the objective of the invention is to overcome at present with standard computer keyboard input Modern Tibetan word, low, the regular particularization of input speed causes finding it difficult to learn difficult with and the shortcoming that can not import all Tibetan words with QWERTY keyboard, designed a kind of Tibetan character input method.
A kind of computer input method for Tibetan that the present invention proposes, it is characterized in that: the definite layout of each character in 169 Tibetan language graphic characters in the GB16959-1997 standard on the letter and symbolic key position of computer standard keyboard, is supported Modern Tibetan word, Sanskrit Tibetan, the ancient input keyboard of hiding word and Tibetan language special character fully thereby constitute;
Described a kind of computer input method for Tibetan is characterized in that: the capable down key of key is capable by going up certainly in the letter of computer standard keyboard and the layout on the symbolic key position for above-mentioned Tibetan language graphic character, in the elder generation behind the row of key position under key position row and each key capable from left to right put in order as follows:
6 keys:
7 keys:
8 keys:
9 keys:
The Q key:
The W key:
The E key:
The R key:
The layout of above-mentioned Tibetan language character graphics on computer standard keyboard, it is characterized in that: utilize mathematical method in the graph theory with its merger 63 kinds of graphic characters of Modern Tibetan word, and then according to concrete layouts of biomechanics principle such as frequency statistics principle, Charles Dvorak (Dvorak) principles on 48 lower gear key positions of QWERTY keyboard, therefore can import the Modern Tibetan word in character ground of a key, need not use shift, and only producing two pairs of repeated codes, the repetition rate of coding only is ten thousand/;
It is as follows to utilize the keyboard input of above-mentioned layout to hide the method for word:
When 1. importing the Modern Tibetan word,, from left to right, import the Tibetan language graphic character of this Tibetan word from top to bottom successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word;
Input method for the only two counterweight code characters of modern Tibetan is as follows: after knocking " .j ", with numerical key " 1 " or " 2 " from the candidate's
Select the Tibetan word that to import in two words; Similarly, after knocking " .d " key, with numerical key " 1 " or " 2 " from the candidate's
Select the Tibetan word that to import in two words;
When 2. importing Sanskrit Tibetan or ancient Tibetan word, make a check mark with " m " key earlier, and then import the Tibetan language graphic character of this word according to the sequential write of hiding word successively;
When 3. importing the Tibetan language special character of direct layout on the key position, only need knock the input that corresponding key just can be finished this character;
When 4. importing complicated Tibetan language special character, import the elementary graphic character that constitutes this character successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word.
Particularly, the keyboard of above-mentioned Tibetan language character pattern input method is optimized distribution and is considered that at first present usage frequency is up to 99.9% Modern Tibetan word, utilize 63 modern Tibetan graphic characters the mathematical method in the graph theory that it is integrated on 48 key positions that QWERTY keyboard can use, thereby can farthest reduce the repeated code that the modern Tibetan graphic character causes because of merger; Modern Tibetan graphic character after the merger according to the concrete layout of biomechanics method to 48 lower gear key positions of QWERTY keyboard; Hide the method layouts such as member employing partition of word to the key position for Sanskrit Tibetan that does not comprise in the modern Tibetan graphic character and Gu; This keyboard layout can not only make things convenient for, import the Modern Tibetan word efficiently, and supports the input of 169 Tibetan language graphic characters in the GB16959-1997 standard fully.The keyboard layout of above-mentioned Tibetan font computer input method as shown in Figure 1.Be described in detail as follows:
One, asks for the maximal independent set of modern Tibetan graphic character
The merger of above-mentioned modern Tibetan graphic character is meant and utilizes graph theory and probabilistic method to obtain 63 maximal independent sets of hiding the word graphic character, so that the repeated code phenomenon that is produced because of the merger of key position drops to minimum.Concrete technical step is:
(1) graphic character of all modern Tibetans replaces with different special symbols respectively, and each is hidden word is combined into this Tibetan word by the special symbol that replaces it by its sequential write coding.
(2) utilize the Modern Tibetan word code described in above-mentioned (1), find out issuable repeated code of Modern Tibetan word and repeated code number when the merger of Tibetan language graphic character.
(3) the Tibetan language graphic character set that does not produce repeated code is obtained the maximal independent set of all modern Tibetan graphic characters.
(4) control of maximal independent set number.The number of the independent sets that finds with computing machine among the present invention is still greater than 48, illustrates to have no idea 63 graphic characters are integrated into not produce repeated code on the QWERTY keyboard.Minimum for the repeated code number that make to produce, the minimum Tibetan language graphic character of generation repeated code is integrated in the Tibetan language graphic character independent sets, be not more than 48 up to the number of independent sets.
(5) select optimum independent sets to divide.The least possible and merger more meets the biomechanics methods such as characteristics of Tibetan language itself according to maximum independent set, selects the division of an optimum from all independent sets are divided.
Repeated code that causes by the Tibetan language graphic character and the merger of such scheme institute merger and repeated code number are as shown in Figure 2.
Two, follow the key position of biomechanics method layout Modern Tibetan word
Above-mentioned biomechanics method is meant the character member frequency statistics and the Charles Dvorak principles such as (Dvorak) of keyboard layout.To the key position of QWERTY keyboard, the concrete technical step of layout is the maximal independent set layout of 48 Tibetan language graphic characters after the merger:
(1) frequency of statistics Tibetan language graphic character.In order to make the character member frequency statistics principle that satisfies keyboard Designing, fully utilize existing statistics, calculate more than 30 ten thousand usage frequencies of hiding each graphic character in the language material of words of politics, literature and art, science and technology, classics and 5 aspects of practical writing of modern Tibetan, result of calculation as shown in Figure 3.
(2) ask the occurrence frequency of maximal independent set.The occurrence frequency of maximal independent set is the occurrence frequency sum of each Tibetan language graphic character that is merged.The occurrence frequency of the Tibetan language graphic character of institute's merger as shown in Figure 4 among the present invention.
(3) press Charles Dvorak (Dvorak) principle layout keyboard.The principle of Charles Dvorak keyboard Designing is that the frequency of occurrences height of key-position letter is corresponding with the efficient height of finger keystroke.The keystroke of each key position of QWERTY keyboard make things convenient for index as shown in Figure 5.According to the height that makes things convenient for index of above-mentioned maximal independent set usage frequency height order and QWERTY keyboard key position in proper order accordingly with the graphic character layout of modern Tibetan to the key position, obtain hiding the tentative programme of word keyboard layout.
(4) adjust the tentative programme of above-mentioned Tibetan word keyboard layout according to the principle that is easy to learn and use, obtain the keyboard layout of modern Tibetan font computer input method.
Three, Sanskrit Tibetan, ancient keyboard layout of hiding word and Tibetan language special character
Sanskrit Tibetan and ancient word graphic character and the Tibetan language special character hidden for not being included in the modern Tibetan graphic character, adopt following two kinds of methods to handle:
(1) 42 complex figure characters is split into basic building block, as shown in Figure 6.Not being included in 6 member layouts in the modern Tibetan graphic character in the basic building block on the shift position.
(2) with Sanskrit Tibetan, ancient hide in the word other be not included in graphic character in the Modern Tibetan word character and Tibetan language special character (totally 39) one by one layout on the shift position.
Four, repeated code analysis
The repeated code that above-mentioned Tibetan language graphic character keyboard layout is produced is that the merger of key position causes.According to statistics, the usage frequency of Modern Tibetan word is up to 99.9%, so only analyze utilizing the present invention to import the repeated code that the Modern Tibetan word produced, step is as follows:
(1) imports the Tibetan word code of this keyboard, obtain coding by all 19380 Modern Tibetan words that ASCII character constituted of the letter on the QWERTY keyboard, numeral and special symbol.
(2) search repeated code.Compare one by one hiding 19380 codings of hiding word of word collection entirely, the repeated code code book that is generated as shown in Figure 7.
(3) analyze repeated code shown in Figure 7.The designed keyboard layout of the present invention has 8 pairs to hide the word repeated code in form, but detects from " hiding Chinese voluminous dictionary ", in these eight pairs of repeated codes
Hide words for eight and do not give meaning, though promptly these eight words spelling rule of meeting the Modern Tibetan word does not have the speech meaning, therefore real repeated code has only two pairs to hide words:
With
Be that the repetition rate of coding has only ten thousand/(hide entirely in the word of 19380 Tibetan of word collection 2 pairs of repeated codes are arranged).
Five, hide the input method of word
1, the input method of Modern Tibetan word
When utilizing the Tibetan word keyboard input Modern Tibetan word of above-mentioned layout, according to hiding word from a left side and right, top-down rules for writing, corresponding graphic character on 48 lower gear keys of choice criteria keyboard position, character ground input Tibetan word to be imported of one key, neither need to use shift, also do not need to use identification character.When the only two pairs of repeated codes of input are hidden word
With
The time, select Tibetan word to be imported with numerical key " 1 " or " 2 ".
2, Sanskrit Tibetan or ancient input method of hiding word
Utilize the Tibetan word keyboard input Sanskrit Tibetan of above-mentioned layout and ancient when hiding word, click sign key " m " earlier, then import successively then and wait to import the Tibetan language graphic character of hiding word by the sequential write of hiding word.Do not need to use shift or other collateral keies.
3, the input method of Tibetan language special character
For the Tibetan language special character of direct layout on the key position, only need knock corresponding key can finish the input of waiting to import special character;
For failing the Tibetan language special character of the complexity of direct layout on the key position, then need import the input that the elementary graphic character that constitutes this character just can be finished this complexity Tibetan language special character successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word, need not use any collateral key.
The advantage and the good effect of invention
Tibetan of the present invention character input method has following advantage:
(1) input Modern Tibetan word is convenient.The present invention adopts the mode of key position merger to carry out keyboard layout, does not need to use sign key or Macintosh and imports the Modern Tibetan word " key one word ".Overcome other and hidden the word input method because of using Macintosh, identifying the shortcoming that key increases code length, influences Modern Tibetan word input speed.This is the topmost advantage of the present invention.
(2) simplified the input rule of Modern Tibetan word.Only need when word is hidden in input according to rules for writing, from left to right, import the Modern Tibetan word that the Tibetan language graphic character just can unique correspondence be imported from top to bottom successively, do not have special rule, be easy to learn and use.
(3) repeated code is few.The full word collection 19380 of hiding is hidden in the words 2 repeated codes is arranged, promptly the repetition rate of coding have only ten thousand/.
(4) can enough QWERTY keyboard import all Tibetan language graphic characters among the GB16959-1997.Except can import the modern Tibetan graphic character " key one word ", only need just can realize Sanskrit Tibetan and ancient input of hiding word as identifier, with shift input Tibetan language special graph character with a key.Therefore, keyboard of the present invention is supported Modern Tibetan word, Sanskrit Tibetan, ancient keyboard input of hiding word and Tibetan language special character fully.
The description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the planimetric map of the keyboard layout of Tibetan language font computer input method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram of the Tibetan language graphic character of merger among the present invention and the repeated code number that merger causes.
Fig. 3 is the key diagram of the frequency of utilization of each Tibetan language graphic character in the 300000 Tibetan words that calculate among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the key diagram of maximal independent set occurrence frequency of the Tibetan language graphic character of merger among the present invention.
Fig. 5 be each key position keystroke of QWERTY keyboard of quoting of the present invention make things convenient for exponent specification figure.
Fig. 6 is to of ancient India, the ancient fractionation key diagram of hiding the complex figure character of word among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the key diagram of repeated code in the keyboard layout of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the character figure that the representativeness used in embodiment illustrates of input method of the present invention is hidden word.
Embodiment for example
Hiding word with representativeness shown in Figure 8 is the embodiment that example illustrates computer input method for Tibetan of the present invention:
Tibetan word among Fig. 8 shown in (1) is the Modern Tibetan word, this Tibetan word be by layout respectively "; " graphic character on seven key positions of ", " " k " ". " " i " " k " " s " combines, and when importing with QWERTY keyboard, knocks the input that these seven keys just can be finished this Tibetan word successively.At ". " key and " i " though other Tibetan language graphic character is arranged on the key, other these Tibetan language graphic characters with "; " Tibetan language graphic character on ", " " k " ". " " k " " s " key can not form one and hide word, promptly the character string of these seven key positions "; , k.iks " uniquely corresponding to the Tibetan word shown in (1).
Tibetan word among Fig. 8 shown in (2) is a Modern Tibetan word in only two pairs of repeated codes among the present invention, knock " .j " key successively according to the input rule of Modern Tibetan word after, on screen, show
Candidate's money knocks and selects the numerical key " 1 " of character to import this Tibetan word, or do not do any selection, and system can also can import this word to first word as the selection of acquiescence.
Tibetan word among Fig. 8 shown in (3) also is another Modern Tibetan word in only two pairs of repeated codes among the present invention, according to the input rule of Modern Tibetan word knock successively "; .j " behind three keys, on screen, can show
Candidate's money must knock the input that the numerical key " 2 " of selecting character just can be finished this character then.
The Sanskrit Tibetan shown in (4) is made up of the character on " d " " i " ". " " u " " H " key position among Fig. 8, because it is a Sanskrit Tibetan, needs during input how to make a check mark with a key " m ".The input coding of this Sanskrit Tibetan is " mdi.uH ", though many identifiers of the input coding of Sanskrit Tibetan like this, the frequency that Sanskrit Tibetan occurs in the modern Tibetan document is less than per mille, and is little to the speed influence of input.
Tibetan language special symbol among Fig. 8 shown in (5) is the go up row of direct layout in "-" key position, and promptly this special symbol is on the key position of Macintosh, hits the input that "-" key just can be finished this symbol when pinning " Shift " key.
Tibetan language special symbol among Fig. 8 shown in (6) is complicated Tibetan language special character, this character is to be combined by the elementary graphic character of layout on three key positions of " H " " W " " Q ", knocks " HWQ " three keys successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word during input and gets final product.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of computer input method for Tibetan, it is characterized in that: the definite layout of each character in 168 Tibetan language graphic characters in the GB16959-1997 standard on the letter and symbolic key position of computer standard keyboard, is supported Modern Tibetan word, Sanskrit Tibetan, the ancient input keyboard of hiding word and Tibetan language special character fully thereby constitute;
2, a kind of Tibetan according to claim 1 word computer input method is characterized in that: above-mentioned Tibetan language graphic character the letter of computer standard keyboard and the layout on the symbol key mapping press from the capable down key of key capable, first go up the key mapping row after lower key mapping row and each key capable from left to right put in order as follows: ~ key: (not using)! Key:The@key:The # key:The $ key:The % key:The ^ key:The ﹠ key:* key:(key:) key:_ key:+ key: | key: ` key:1 key:2 keys:3 keys:4 keys:5 keys:6 keys:7 keys:8 keys:9 keys:0 key:-key:=key:Key:The Q key:The W key:The E key:The R key:The T key:The Y key:The U key:The I key:The O key:The P key:Key:Key:The q key:The w key:The e key:The r key:The t key:The y key:The u key:The i key:The o key:The p key:[key:] key:The A key:The S key:The D key:The F key:The G key:The H key:The J key:The K key:The L key:: key:" key:The a key:The s key:The d key:The f key:The g key:The h key:The j key:The k key:The l key: Key:' key:The Z key:The X key:The C key:The V key:The B key:The N key:M key: (not using)<key:Key:Key:The z key:The x key:The c key:The v key:The b key:The n key:The m key: the sign key, key:. key:/ key:The Space key: Space
The layout of above-mentioned Tibetan language character graphics on computer standard keyboard, it is characterized in that: utilize mathematical method in the graph theory with its merger 63 kinds of graphic characters of Modern Tibetan word, and then according to concrete layouts of biomechanics principle such as frequency statistics principle, Charles Dvorak (Dvorak) principles on 48 lower gear key positions of QWERTY keyboard, therefore can import the Modern Tibetan word in character ground of a key, need not use shift, and only producing two pairs of repeated codes, the repetition rate of coding only is ten thousand/;
3, according to claim 1 and the described a kind of computer input method for Tibetan of claim 2, it is characterized in that: it is as follows to utilize the keyboard input of above-mentioned layout to hide the method for word:
When 1. importing the Modern Tibetan word,, from left to right, import the Tibetan language graphic character of this Tibetan word from top to bottom successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word;
Input method for the only two counterweight code characters of modern Tibetan is as follows: after knocking " .j ", with numerical key " 1 " or " 2 " from the candidate's
Select the Tibetan word that to import in two words; Similarly, after knocking " .d " key, with numerical key " 1 " or " 2 " from the candidate's
Select the Tibetan word that to import in two words;
When 2. importing Sanskrit Tibetan or ancient Tibetan word, make a check mark with " m " key earlier, and then import the Tibetan language graphic character of this word according to the sequential write of hiding word successively;
When 3. importing the Tibetan language special character of direct layout on the key position, only need knock the input that corresponding key just can be finished this character;
When 4. importing complicated Tibetan language special character, import the elementary graphic character that constitutes this character successively according to the rules for writing of hiding word.
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CNB200510006505XA CN100351757C (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2005-01-18 | Computer input method for Tibetan |
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CNB200510006505XA CN100351757C (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2005-01-18 | Computer input method for Tibetan |
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CN100351757C CN100351757C (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101488125B (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 洛藏 | Tibetan language encoding method and terminal |
CN104503599A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 青海师范大学 | 36 key-based tibetan language keyboard layout and input system |
WO2016029729A1 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | 扎西松宝 | Tibetan input method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1018096B (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1992-09-02 | 航天工业部第七一○研究所 | Coding method for input os tibetan language and its keyboard |
CN1230714A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-06 | 魏盛涛 | Tibetan language computer input method and keyboard |
CN1403901A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2003-03-19 | 四川火狐电子有限公司 | Tibeten character form input method and keyboard |
-
2005
- 2005-01-18 CN CNB200510006505XA patent/CN100351757C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101488125B (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 洛藏 | Tibetan language encoding method and terminal |
WO2016029729A1 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | 扎西松宝 | Tibetan input method |
CN104503599A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-08 | 青海师范大学 | 36 key-based tibetan language keyboard layout and input system |
CN104503599B (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2017-12-26 | 青海师范大学 | A kind of Tibetan language input system based on 36 key mappings |
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