CN1796024A - Magnesium alloy piston of engine and preparation method - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy piston of engine and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1796024A CN1796024A CNA2004101025110A CN200410102511A CN1796024A CN 1796024 A CN1796024 A CN 1796024A CN A2004101025110 A CNA2004101025110 A CN A2004101025110A CN 200410102511 A CN200410102511 A CN 200410102511A CN 1796024 A CN1796024 A CN 1796024A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种用于镁合金发动机活塞及其方法，其镁合金的成份含量为：Al 2～10wt％，Si 2～10wt％，其余为Mg和添加元素，所述添加元素为Y、Sr、Ca、C、Be及稀土类金属元素中的一种或几种，其中，添加元素Y的含量为0～8wt％、Sr的含量为0～5wt％、Ca的含量为0～5wt％、C的含量为0～2wt％、Be的含量为0～0.01wt％，所述添加的稀土金属为Ce、Nd、Pr、La、Gd、Dy稀土金属，或是这些稀土金属的混合稀土金属，稀土金属的总含量为0～6wt％。其方法包括：镁合金熔炼、精炼，镁合金半固态浆料制备、镁合金半固态坯料制备、镁合铸锭的制备、压力成形，制成镁合金活塞。该活塞能大幅度提高曲轴和轴瓦的寿命，大幅度减少了振动。A magnesium alloy engine piston and method thereof, the composition content of the magnesium alloy is: Al 2-10wt%, Si 2-10wt%, the rest is Mg and added elements, the added elements are Y, Sr, Ca, One or more of C, Be and rare earth metal elements, wherein the content of the added element Y is 0-8wt%, the content of Sr is 0-5wt%, the content of Ca is 0-5wt%, and the content of C The content of Be is 0-2wt%, and the content of Be is 0-0.01wt%. The added rare earth metals are Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd, Dy rare earth metals, or mixed rare earth metals of these rare earth metals. The total content is 0-6wt%. The method comprises: magnesium alloy smelting and refining, preparation of magnesium alloy semi-solid slurry, preparation of magnesium alloy semi-solid billet, preparation of magnesium alloy ingot, pressure forming, and manufacture of magnesium alloy piston. The piston can greatly increase the life of the crankshaft and bearing bush, and greatly reduce vibration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium alloy engine pistons and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy makes it have very significant advantage in many occasions owing to have less density (being a kind of of density minimum in the utility structure metal).Particularly aspect lightweight, has the advantage that is difficult to substitute.The density I of member also has the little advantage of inertia to save the energy in the reciprocating occasion of some high-speed motions especially high speed.At present, magnesium alloy is not also developed in above-mentioned lightweight and the reciprocating occasion of high speed well.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce the impact of bent axle and bearing shell significantly and can reduce the magnesium alloy engine pistons of vibration significantly.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of magnesium alloy engine pistons, the component content of the alloy of this magnesium alloy engine pistons is: Al 2～10wt%, Si 2～10wt%, all the other are Mg and add element, described interpolation element is Y, Sr, Ca, C, in Be and the rare earth metal element one or more, wherein, the content that adds element Y is 0～8wt%, the content of Sr is 0～5wt%, the content of Ca is 0～5wt%, the content of C is 0～2wt%, the content of Be is 0～0.01wt%, the rare earth metal of described interpolation is Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd, pure rare-earth metals such as Dy, or the norium of these rare earth metals, the total content of rare earth metal is 0～6wt%.
Magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention is the lightweight aspect that magnesium alloy is applied in automobile, motorcycle, and the exemplary in the reciprocating occasion of high speed.Materials with smaller density can significantly reduce the inertia force of piston, and reduces the impact to bent axle and bearing shell significantly, not only can increase substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and has reduced vibration significantly, has improved the comfortableness of vehicle.
In the alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention, the optimum content of described Al is 6～8wt%, and the optimum content of Si is 6～8wt%.
In the alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention, the optimum content of described interpolation element Y is 1～3%, the optimum content of Sr is 1～2%, the optimum content of Ca is 1～2%, the optimum content of C is 0.1～2%, the optimum content of Be is 0.0004～0.001%.
In the alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention, the best total content of described rare earth metal is 2～4%.
Prepare above-mentioned magnesium alloy engine pistons and can adopt following three kinds method:
1, a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons, this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry;
(5), with magnesium alloy semisolid slurry pressure forming, make the magnesium alloy piston.
This method is by magnesium alloy smelting, the preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, pressure forming step.Wherein, the preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry can be taked magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation or electromagnetic agitation, simultaneously melt temperature is controlled, thereby is formed magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.Pressure forming is die casting, extrusion casint or three kinds of methods of die forging.
The preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry can be taked magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation and shearing in temperature-controlled environment, generate magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can adopt known similar techniques to come slurrying, but its essence all is stirring in the temperature control environment, shearing, extruding or above-mentioned several effect basically puts on magnesium alloy fused mass simultaneously, obtains magnesium alloy semisolid slurry thus.Wherein, in the preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can take magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out electromagnetic agitation, simultaneously melt temperature be controlled, thereby form magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.Be to adopt the mechanical agitation method to prepare a kind of method of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry in temperature-controlled environment below, still, the present invention is not limited to the method.
In the preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention, in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is: with said temperature is that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semisolid pulper inlet, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation, speed of agitator is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds detrusion speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the motion process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, becomes magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.
2, a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons, this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry;
(5), magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is made magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank;
(6), with magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank through extrusion molding, post bake; Or, carry out pressure forming more directly through post bake, make the magnesium alloy piston.
This method is by magnesium alloy smelting, the preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, the preparation of magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank, steps such as pressure forming.
Preparation about magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank can have three kinds of approach: the one, prepare magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, and this slurry is poured into is frozen into magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank in the mould then; The 2nd, magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is carried out continuous casting; The 3rd, under electromagnetic agitation or churned mechanically effect, adopt continuously or semi-continuous casting method, the preparation magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank, promptly magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out electromagnetic agitation or mechanical agitation, by melt temperature control and crystallizer are cooled off continuously, make its continuous solidification become bar-shaped semi-solid magnesium alloy blank.The preparation of magnesium alloy semisolid slurry can be taked magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation and shearing in temperature-controlled environment, generate magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, also can adopt known similar techniques to come slurrying, but its essence all is stirring in the temperature control environment, shearing, extruding or above-mentioned several effect basically puts on magnesium alloy fused mass simultaneously, obtains magnesium alloy semisolid slurry thus.Make it in mould, be frozen into semi-solid blank after preparing magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, wherein a kind of special circumstances are that magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is cooled off continuously, solidifies, just magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is cast continuously, to obtain magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank.Said mould preferably has water-cooled.Be a kind of method in first kind of approach below, still, the present invention is not limited to the method.
In the preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention, in described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is: earlier magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, again magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, that is: be that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semisolid pulper inlet with said temperature, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation, speed of agitator is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds detrusion speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the motion process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, become magnesium alloy semisolid slurry, this slurry is poured into is frozen into magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank in the mould then.
After preparing magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank, place the Medium frequency induction coil to carry out post bake blank, after blank reaches semi-solid state, take out blank and put into die casting machine and the pressure chamber of extrusion casting machine or the mold cavity of forging press, then this semi-solid blank is carried out pressure forming, prepare piston.Wherein pressure-formed method is die casting, extrusion casint or three kinds of methods of die forging with aforementioned the same.
In above-mentioned steps (6), magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank can directly carry out pressure forming through post bake again, also can carry out pressure forming again through extrusion molding, post bake.Wherein, carrying out in the pressure-formed method again through extrusion molding, post bake, the preparation of magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank is ditto described, place extruder to carry out crimp magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank, make hardening constituent fragmentation in the blank by extruding, make its distribute disperse and evenly more, thereby play better strengthening effect.By constant weight the bar stock saw cutting that is squeezed into is become blank, again blank is carried out post bake, make it to form semi-solid state, carry out pressure forming then, post bake and pressure forming are ditto described.
3, a kind of preparation method of magnesium alloy engine pistons, this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy ingot;
(5), with magnesium alloy ingot through extrusion process, post bake; Or, carry out pressure forming more directly through post bake, make the magnesium alloy piston.
This method is by magnesium alloy smelting, and the preparation of magnesium alloy ingot is through extrusion process, post bake; Or directly through post bake, steps such as pressure forming.The preparation of magnesium alloy ingot is that melt temperature is being carried out adopting die casting under the controlled condition, also can adopt continuous casting technology to cast out magnesium alloy ingot.Magnesium alloy ingot is become the bar of certain diameter through extrusion process, bar is become blank by the constant weight sawing, carry out post bake again, carry out pressure forming again after forming semisolid, post bake and pressure-formed process and system are ditto described.In above-mentioned steps (5), after magnesium alloy ingot becomes blank by the constant weight sawing, can carry out pressure forming more directly through post bake.Wherein the preparation of magnesium alloy ingot is ditto described.For the hardening constituent in the broken ingot casting, more disperse and even makes it to distribute, can carry out the bar that extrusion process becomes certain diameter to alloy cast ingot, bar is become blank by the constant weight sawing, carry out post bake again, carry out pressure forming again after forming semisolid, post bake and pressure-formed process and system are ditto described.
In described step (5), describedly through the detailed process of extrusion process, post bake be: magnesium alloy ingot is processed into the crimp blank with magnesium alloy ingot, again with crimp blank heating to 300～360 ℃ and after being incubated 20～40 minutes, blank is transferred in the recipient of extruder, be squeezed into the casting bar, after the cooling, the extruded bars sawing is become attitude die casting blank; Adopt magnesium alloy semi solid state to process special-purpose secondary heating furnace again, be incubated die casting blank heating to 570～585 ℃.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned the 1st, 2,3 kind of magnesium alloy engine pistons, described pressure forming is die casting, extrusion casint or die forging three approach, first kind of approach is the pressure chamber that magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is placed die casting machine, and the punching press by pressure head is cast into piston with magnesium alloy semisolid slurry; Second kind of approach is that magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is placed extrusion casting machine, is shaped by extrusion casint; The third approach is that magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is placed mould, prepares piston by die-forging forming.Above-mentioned three approach is conventional method.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The magnesium alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention is because little, the toughness of density and intensity height, creep resistant and thermal fatigue property are good, so can fully satisfy the requirement of engine to piston material.Magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention can reduce the impact to bent axle and bearing shell significantly, increases substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and has reduced vibration significantly, has improved the comfortableness of vehicle.
The specific embodiment
Used % is weight % in following examples.
Embodiment 1
Component content according to the alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons is: Al 8%, and Si 8%, Be 0.0006% and Y 2.5%, and surplus is Mg, gets the raw materials ready, and wherein, Mg adopts magnesium ingot, and Al and Si adopt the Al-Si intermediate alloy.
1. magnesium alloy smelting
Crucible is preheated to 400～500 ℃, sprinkles No. 2 flux of one deck equably at crucible inwall and bottom.Add magnesium ingot, be warming up to fusing, when melt temperature reaches 720～750 ℃, press Al 8%, Si 8%, adds the Al-Si intermediate alloy.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.
Temperature is controlled to 740～750 ℃, presses 0.5% of liquation weight and add C
2Cl
6Carry out the rotten processing of C, make the C content in the liquation reach 0.02%～0.04%.After rotten processing finishes temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carries out refining.Stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly on the crest of liquation, spread with magnesium alloy refining flux.In the consumption visual fusion liquid of refining agent oxide inclusion content what and decide, generally be about 1.5%～2.0% of charging weight.Refining is warming up to 755～765 ℃ with liquation after finishing, and 20～60min is left standstill in insulation.The purpose that leaves standstill that heats up after the refining is density and the viscosity that reduces liquation, to quicken the precipitating of slag, slag can be had than adequate time precipitate from magnesium melt, unlikely entering in the next procedure.
Add 0.0006% Be and 2.5% Y then respectively.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.After qualified liquation is changed in the pulper.
2. magnesium alloy semisolid slurry preparation
Said temperature is that 700～710 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass enters from semisolid pulper inlet, utilize pulper that magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation, speed of agitator is 300 rev/mins, generation is approximately 800～1200/ seconds detrusion speed to melt, and melt is moved to the pulper exit; Melt temperature is controlled, made melt temperature, become semi solid slurry when making melt arrive the pulper outlet with about 3 ℃/second speed cooling.This semi solid slurry is transferred in the injection chamber of cold-chamber die casting machine.
3. magnesium alloy piston semisolid casting forming
At first utilize die heater with mould and die preheating to 260～280 ℃, magnesium alloy pressure-casting special coating in the spraying of mold cavity surface is as the FTw01 coating that German HA company produces, closed die; After above-mentioned magnesium alloy semisolid slurry transferred to the die casting machine injection chamber, die casting immediately, promptly by drift with the magnesium alloy semisolid slurry injection in mold cavity, be frozen into piston under pressure; The drift injection speed is 1.6～1.8 meter per seconds, and injection ratio pressure is 50～70MPa, and the piston mould remaining time is 10～12 seconds.Naturally cool to room temperature after the depanning, become the magnesium alloy piston blank after removing clout handle, slag trap.Utilize the piston Special Purpose Machine for Processing that blank is worked into final size and shape then.
Finish the manufacturing of magnesium alloy piston to this.This magnesium alloy piston reduces 18～25% than the all-aluminium piston quality of same model, significantly reduce the inertia force of piston and to the impact of bent axle, bearing shell, not only can increase substantially the life-span of bent axle and bearing shell, the more important thing is and reduced vibration significantly, improve the comfortableness of vehicle.
Embodiment 2
Component content according to the alloy of magnesium alloy engine pistons is: Al 7.5%, and Si 7.5%, Ca 2% and Nd 3%, and surplus is Mg, gets the raw materials ready, and wherein, Mg adopts magnesium ingot, and Al and Si adopt the Al-Si intermediate alloy.
1. magnesium alloy smelting
Crucible is preheated to 400～500 ℃, removes No. 2 flux of last layer equably at crucible inwall and bottom.Add magnesium ingot, be warming up to fusing, when melt temperature reaches 700～720 ℃, press Al 7.5%, Si 7.5%, adds the Al-Si intermediate alloy.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.
Temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carries out refining.Stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly on the crest of liquation, spread with magnesium alloy refining flux.In the consumption visual fusion liquid of refining agent oxide inclusion content what and decide, generally be about 1.5%～2.0% of charging weight.Refining is warming up to 755～765 ℃ with liquation after finishing, and 20～60min is left standstill in insulation.The purpose that leaves standstill that heats up after the refining is density and the viscosity that reduces liquation, to quicken the precipitating of slag, slag can be had than adequate time precipitate from magnesium melt, unlikely entering in the next procedure.
Add 2% Ca, 3% Nd then respectively.Fusing back cast spectrum sample carries out on-the-spot sample analysis fully.If off analysis, the adjustment of can feeding in raw material is until qualified.After qualified liquation is changed in the semi-solid blank preparation facilities.
2. magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank preparation
At first mold is preheating to 200～300 ℃, at mold cavity surface spraying Mg alloy with metal mould gravitational casting special coating, the FTw01 coating of producing as German HA company.With above-mentioned magnesium alloy liquation at protective gas (SO
2, C0
2, SF
6Or the mist of they and dry air) protection is poured in the mold after the preheating down, is frozen into magnesium alloy ingot.
Utilize lathe ingot casting to be processed into the crimp blank of φ 120 * 300.With crimp blank heating to 300～360 ℃ and after being incubated 30 minutes, blank is transferred in the recipient of 800 tons of extruders, be squeezed into the semisolid die casting bar of φ 40.After the cooling, the extruded bars sawing is become the semisolid die casting blank of φ 40 * 60.
3. magnesium alloy piston semisolid casting forming
Adopt magnesium alloy semi solid state to process special-purpose secondary heating furnace, be incubated 1～3 minute, make the blank tissue reach solid-liquid and blend together state and produce thixotropy the semisolid die casting blank heating to 570 of above-mentioned φ 40 * 60～585 ℃.This blank is transferred in the die casting machine injection chamber, die casting immediately, promptly by drift with the magnesium alloy semisolid slurry injection in mold cavity, be frozen into piston under pressure; The drift injection speed is 1.6～1.8 meter per seconds, and injection ratio pressure is 50～70MPa, and the piston mould remaining time is 10～12 seconds.Naturally cool to room temperature after the depanning, become the magnesium alloy piston blank after removing clout handle, slag trap.Utilize the piston Special Purpose Machine for Processing that blank is worked into final size and shape then.
Finish the manufacturing of magnesium alloy piston to this.This magnesium alloy piston reduces 23～27% than the all-aluminium piston quality of same model.
Magnesium alloy in the magnesium alloy engine pistons of the present invention under 280 ℃ of conditions, the yield strength σ of magnesium alloy
0.2〉=200MPa, impact flexibility α 〉=12 joule.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of magnesium alloy engine pistons, it is characterized in that: the component content of the magnesium alloy of this engine piston is: Al 2～10wt%, Si 2～10wt%, all the other are Mg and add element, described interpolation element is Y, Sr, Ca, C, in Be and the rare earth metal element one or more, wherein, the content that adds element Y is 0～8wt%, the content of Sr is 0～5wt%, the content of Ca is 0～5wt%, the content of C is 0～2wt%, the content of Be is 0～0.01wt%, the rare earth metal of described interpolation is Ce, Nd, Pr, La, Gd, the Dy rare earth metal, or the norium of these rare earth metals, the total content of rare earth metal is 0～6wt%.
2, magnesium alloy engine pistons according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the content of described Al is 6～8wt%, and the content of Si is 6～8wt%.
3, magnesium alloy engine pistons according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the content of described interpolation element Y is 1～3%, the content of Sr is 1～2%, the content of Ca is 1～2%, the content of C is 0.1～2%, the content of Be is 0.0004～0.001%.
4, magnesium alloy engine pistons according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the total content of described rare earth metal is 2～4%.
5, the preparation method of the described magnesium alloy engine pistons of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry;
(5), with magnesium alloy semisolid slurry pressure forming, make the magnesium alloy piston.
6, the preparation method of the described magnesium alloy engine pistons of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry;
(5), magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is made magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank;
(6), with magnesium alloy semi-solid state blank through extrusion molding, post bake; Or, carry out pressure forming more directly through post bake, make the magnesium alloy piston.
7, the preparation method of the described magnesium alloy engine pistons of a kind of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1), gets the raw materials ready according to the component content of above-mentioned magnesium alloy;
(2), earlier the magnesium ingot with above-mentioned content is warming up to fusing in crucible, temperature is under 700～750 ℃ the condition, in the mode of Al-Si intermediate alloy, to add the Al and the Si of above-mentioned content, carries out melting;
(3), temperature is adjusted to 710～730 ℃, carry out refining, stir liquation 10～30min, liquation is warming up to 755～765 ℃ again, 20～60min is left standstill in insulation, adds the interpolation element of above-mentioned content then respectively, makes magnesium alloy fused mass;
(4), magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy ingot;
(5), with magnesium alloy ingot through extrusion process, post bake; Or, carry out pressure forming more directly through post bake, make the magnesium alloy piston.
8, preparation method according to claim 5 or 6 described preparation magnesium alloy engine pistons, it is characterized in that: in the described step (4), the described process that magnesium alloy fused mass is made magnesium alloy semisolid slurry is: with said temperature is that 680～720 ℃ magnesium alloy fused mass injects semisolid pulper inlet, by pulper magnesium alloy fused mass is carried out mechanical agitation, speed of agitator is 280～320 rev/mins, magnesium alloy fused mass carried out 800～1200/ seconds detrusion speed, at magnesium alloy fused mass in the motion process of pulper exit, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is lowered the temperature with 2.0～6.0 ℃/second speed, when making magnesium alloy fused mass arrive the pulper outlet, the magnesium alloy fused mass temperature is 560～600 ℃, becomes magnesium alloy semisolid slurry.
9, the preparation method of preparation magnesium alloy engine pistons according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in the described step (5), describedly through the process of extrusion process, post bake be: magnesium alloy ingot is processed into the crimp blank with magnesium alloy ingot, again with crimp blank heating to 300～360 ℃ and after being incubated 20～40 minutes, blank is transferred in the recipient of extruder, be squeezed into casting and use bar, after the cooling, the extruded bars sawing is become attitude die casting blank; Adopt magnesium alloy semi solid state to process special-purpose secondary heating furnace again, be incubated die casting blank heating to 570～585 ℃.
10, according to the preparation method of claim 5 or 6 or 7 described magnesium alloy engine pistons, it is characterized in that: described pressure forming is die casting, extrusion casint or die forging.
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| CNB2004101025110A CN100341646C (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2004-12-24 | Magnesium alloy piston of engine and preparation method |
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| EP2224032A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-09-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Process for manufacturing magnesium alloy based products |
| CN102230117A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-11-02 | 重庆大学 | Magnesium-aluminium-calcium wrought magnesium alloy with rare earth neodymium and preparation method thereof |
| CN102052190B (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Cast heat-resistant rare earth magnesium alloy engine piston and preparation method thereof |
| CN106191585A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2016-12-07 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Heat-resistant magnesium alloy and manufacture method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NO312106B1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2002-03-18 | Norsk Hydro As | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium-aluminum-silicon alloys and magnesium alloy with improved corrosion resistance |
| JP2002020831A (en) * | 2000-07-04 | 2002-01-23 | Ryobi Ltd | Creep resistant Mg alloy |
| CN1190511C (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2005-02-23 | 东南大学 | Heat-resistant light metals magnesium alloy |
| JP4526768B2 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2010-08-18 | デッド シー マグネシウム エルティーディー | Magnesium alloy |
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| EP2224032A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-09-01 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Process for manufacturing magnesium alloy based products |
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| CN102230117A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2011-11-02 | 重庆大学 | Magnesium-aluminium-calcium wrought magnesium alloy with rare earth neodymium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106191585B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2018-09-11 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | heat-resistant magnesium alloy and its manufacturing method |
| US10808301B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2020-10-20 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Magnesium alloy and method of manufacturing same |
| CN109014012A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-18 | 张无量 | The semi liquid state forging method of magnesium alloy wheel rim |
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| CN109958703B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2022-03-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Anti-loose washer for threaded connector and preparation method thereof |
| CN116219242A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-06 | 宝钢金属有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy with high strength, toughness and high thermal conductivity and processing method thereof |
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