CN1745039A

CN1745039A - Electrocoagulation system

Info

Publication number: CN1745039A
Application number: CNA2003801087290A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·金
Original assignee: Waterpower Systems Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Waterpower Systems Pty Ltd; Aquenox Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2002-11-19
Filing date: 2003-11-19
Publication date: 2006-03-08
Also published as: AU2002952743A0; US20060096853A1; WO2004046051A1; EP1567690A1

Abstract

A control assembly for an electrocoagulation cell (1) comprising a plurality of electrodes, a releasable connection means (6) between at least a selection of the electrodes and electrical connection means (9, 10, 9A, 10A) attached to the releasable connection means (6) which in use is connectable to a power supply (12). An electrocoagulation system comprising a plurality of electrodes (2), an electrolytic cell (1) having an internal chamber which contains the plurality of electrodes (2), and a power supply (12) connectable to a power source and also connectable to the electrodes said power supply having control means (14, 24) for providing a selected constant output current or selected constant output voltage whereby the electrolytic cell may process samples of varying characteristics.

Description

Electricity coagulates system

The invention technical field

The present invention relates to electricity and coagulate system, wherein electric groove (electrocoagulation cell) with fixed attention comprises and is used for the control combination part that electricity coagulates groove.

Background of invention

Electrolyzer is usually used in treatment liq to change this liquid according to predetermined purpose.Electrocoagulation is a kind of specific treatment with electrolytic method that is used for separating and removing from liquid impurity or unwanted content.

A common electricity coagulates groove and contains electrode and pending ionogen.This facture can be carried out in many ways according to electrolytical character.

Many patents have formerly been described electricity and have been coagulated system, and wherein AU 707432 has described a kind of electrochemical processing apparatus that is used for softening water.This equipment provides power by the current generator that produces electric current, and this electric current can be adjusted and put on the anode and cathode terminal of electrolyzer.Negative electrode contains many plates (plate), and plate is connected and fixed in position by many bars (bar's).These bars and anode terminal link together.These plates are connected on the cathode terminal by independent bar.

Described another kind of existing system in AU 738707, one of them portable electric coagulation device comprises an electrolyzer, and electrolyzer contains a plurality of vertically extending reactivity blades.Part blade contains the small pieces that link to each other with power end electricity with reception electric power.These blade pass are crossed a plurality of non-conductive bars and are fixed on the appropriate location.A control unit Controlling System is moved and power input.

Described another kind of system in US 4790923, wherein electrolyzer produces halogen biocide and oxygen in containing the liquid of halogen.A plurality of bipolar electrode plates have been installed in this groove, have wherein had only selected partial electrode to link to each other with charger.

Another system has been described in WO 94/00860, wherein electrolytic filter contain link to each other with active electrode in the electrolyzer can electric configuration joint (electrically configurableconnections).The change of resistivity in the sensor detecting electrolytic solution, and pilot circuit changes electric current by the relay contact switch that use is used to be electrically connected or to cut off each active electrode by the interval of adjusting between the electrode.

The main drawback of said system is that they are for the design of specific pending ionogen or liquid.Electrode used therein, their quantity and power requirement are special in this pending liquid.

Another shortcoming that traditional electricity coagulates system is bring when coming design system for each specific end use expensive.When the impurity concentration of liquid flow changes, need substantial test and change.

Goal of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved electricity and coagulate system.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of improved control combination part that electricity coagulates groove that is used for, and it helps the processing of various liquid or kind.

Summary of the invention

In one form, although need not to be unique or to be the wideest form really, the present invention is a kind of control combination part that electricity coagulates groove that is used for, and comprising:

(ii) a plurality of electrodes;

(iii) at the selected releasable connecting device between the partial electrode at least; With

The (iv) arrangements of electric connection that links to each other with releasable connecting device, it in use can link to each other with charger (power supply).

Releasable connecting device can make things convenient for releasable connection with reformed number of electrodes according to the particular demands of handling particular electrolyte.

Releasable connecting device can comprise the bus-bar in slit, recess or the aperture that is contained in each electrode in described selected a plurality of electrodes.These electrodes can be connected in series.

This electricity coagulates groove can 1 liter/minute or the rate processing ionogen of 5 liters/minute or 10 liters/minute or 100 liters/minute or 500 liters/minute (LPM).

In another aspect of this invention, provide a kind of electricity to coagulate system, having comprised:

(i) a plurality of electrodes;

The electrolyzer that (ii) has inner room, this inner room contains a plurality of electrodes; With

(iii) charger that can link to each other with power supply and can also link to each other with these electrodes, described charger has the control device of the constant output electric current that is used to provide selected or selected constant output voltage, and electrolyzer can be handled the sample with different qualities thus.

In first embodiment, control device can comprise that one can be coagulated varitran that groove links to each other so that selected galvanic current with steady state value or voltage to be provided by rectifier and electricity.If desired, this varitran can also link to each other with another transformer.In this embodiment, the charger that connects this groove can also comprise a reversed polarity timer and a normal polarity timer.

In second embodiment, can provide:

(i) rearrangeable switch that can link to each other with power supply;

(ii) voltage regulator that links to each other with this switch;

(iii) transformer with the primary winding that links to each other with this voltage regulator;

(iv) rectifier that links to each other with the secondary coil of this transformer;

(the described control device that v) is connected between switch and the voltage regulator is exported to have described selected constant current or described selected constant voltage with the direct current that control is applied on the electrolyzer.

In second embodiment, this control device can comprise a voltage or a current potentiometer or a preferred digital potentiometer, and potentiometer makes voltage or electric current can keep steady state value.

Electricity system with fixed attention can also comprise that a FPGA control (PLC) is to be used to verify and enter or pass through the relevant parameter of electrolyte flow of this groove.

Can also be provided for ionogen is transported to the electric flow rate control device that coagulates in the groove.

In an optimal way of the present invention, flow rate control device comprises a digitial controller, variable AC motor driving apparatus, has the fresh feed pump and a flow transmitter (flow transmitter) of pump motor.

Charger (power supply) can link to each other with three-phase alternating-current supply.

Preferably, constant output electric current and constant output voltage are direct current (DC).

Preferably, if select the constant output electric current, galvanic current keeps constant with respect to the benchmark of control device setting so, and direct current (DC) voltage can change.

Preferably, if select constant output voltage, volts DS keeps constant with respect to the benchmark of control device setting so, and direct current (DC) electric current can change.

Can the constant output curtage be set at certain value according to pending electrolytical type.

Brief description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the exemplary embodiment of its electricity of using charger of the present invention being coagulated groove;

Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the system of coagulating according to electricity of the present invention;

Figure 33 a-3d is that expression can be connected to the electrode of the variable number on the charger and the synoptic diagram of electrode structure according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the skeleton diagram according to the charger of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram according to the charger of second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the basic circuit diagram of charger shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 is the basic circuit diagram of the negative-phase relay pilot circuit that links to each other with the charger of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is the basic circuit diagram of the pilot circuit that links to each other with the charger of Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is to use the electricity of charger of the present invention to coagulate the synoptic diagram of the system start controller of system;

Figure 10 is to use the electricity of charger of the present invention to coagulate the treatment rate control synoptic diagram of system.

Preferred implementation describes in detail

In an optimal way, coagulate groove and the present invention describes in system with reference to the electricity of type described in the International Patent Application PCT/AU01/00054 of while pending trial.Yet, should be noted that the present invention can also coagulate groove and realize with the electricity of other type.

Referring now to Fig. 1, shown that substantially one contains and constitutes the electricity that electricity coagulates a plurality of plate shape electrodes 2 of groove and coagulate groove 1.Plate extension 3 and 4 is near constituting the electricity 2A of edge separately of the electrode 2 of the part of the shell 5 of groove 1 with fixed attention.Extension 3 and 4 prevents to have the short circuit between the electrode 2 of different potentials.On two end electrodes, coagulate groove as shown in Figure 1 and apply direct current to electricity.

Be used for, for example making electricity consumption coagulate groove in the fluid treating device of the processing of the conductive soln that can be undertaken by manufacturing, processing, refining or other method and purification.Usually, conductive soln is flowed between the electrode 2 of different potentials.Make electric current flow through this solution between electrode, this causes the chemical reaction in the solution, and causes solution in many cases and comprise chemical reaction between the electrode materials of electrode.

The electrode 2 that electricity coagulates groove 1 is by suitable metal of metal alloy or other, and can be molded into each groove in the electrode shell 5 that is fit to pack into.Electrode design become the reaction table area provide enough with the electrolyte solution of effective treating water and so on maximum design rate until groove 1.Electrode is one pole (male or female) or bipolar (anode and negative electrode).Bipolar electrode all reacts two surfaces of battery lead plate with electrolyte solution.One side is an anode, and another side is a negative electrode.Monopolar electrode is complete anode or complete negative electrode.The monopolar electrode (referring to Fig. 3 c) that is positioned at the reactive tank end has only a surface and electrolyte solution reaction.Monopolar electrode between bipolar electrode (all reacts with electrolyte solution referring to Fig. 3 two surfaces a).

Referring to Fig. 2, in operation,, that is to say in case determine pending material and determine that electricity coagulates the character of groove 1, check type, quantity and the structure of electrode, the operating parameters that electricity coagulates system by programmable logic controller (PLC).Determine the required flow rate of ionogen or liquid, for example 5 or 100 liters/minute or any flow velocity therebetween.Check all switches and valve so that they open or close and do not detect faulty condition as required in this system.

When meeting the operating parameters of electric system with fixed attention, coagulate particular fluid pending in the groove or the specific power requirement of thing class according to electricity, regulate the voltage or the electric current of charger and be applied to this electricity and coagulate in the system.When any operating parameters is positioned at beyond its operating restraint or when the user manually stops electricity and coagulates system by starting halt switch, the disengaging power supply.

Referring now to Fig. 3 a-3d, shown to be used for the two kinds of different pending thing classes or the electrode structure of liquid.Fig. 3 a has shown that bus-bar connects the releasable connecting device 6 of form, and it is used for the releasable connection electricity and coagulates the selected a plurality of electrodes 2 of groove.In this is provided with, 25 electrodes are arranged, wherein nine electrodes link to each other to handle a kind of specific thing class or liquid by bus-bar.Use two bus-bars, one at each electrode.

Each selected electrode 2 comprises a slit 7 (shown in Fig. 3 b) holding bus-bar 8, connects 9 and 10 by lead and applies power supply to bus-bar 8.Bus-bar 8 is arranged in the slit 7 of the every electrode 2 of arranged in series, and by the securing gear that comprises nut 11a and packing ring 11b this bus-bar is fixed on the electrode.

The electrode that connects is an one pole, therefore and be male or female according to the polarity of the power supply that applies by

electrical lead

9 and 10,

lead

9 and 10 contains joint 9A and 10A separately, and 9A and 10A contain the aperture (indicating) by the nut 10B reservation of joint 9A and each side of 10A.Remaining 16 electrodes that do not connect are bipolar, and they are by the electrolytic solution charging of energising.

With reference to Fig. 3 c, shown the electrode device that is used to handle second kind of thing class or liquid.In this structure, one has 18 electrodes, and wherein two link to each other by bus-bar.Therefore shown in Fig. 3 d, it is unipolar having only two electrodes, and they are the end electrodes that it applied electric energy, and remaining be bipolar.

In above-mentioned setting of bus-bar, screw thread is arranged on this, like this fitting nut 11a can screw fixed on this, nestle up electrode 2 thus so that they are fixed on the bus-bar 8.This bus-bar can be made of and have excellent conducting performance the brass material of rust-proofing.Yet, can use other appropriate materials with these performances fixing and electrode electrically connected, for example steel.

Packing ring 11b helps guard electrode in case the wearing and tearing that nut 11a causes.This packing ring has also increased the surface-area of the electric current that counter electrode applies.

In when operation, bus-bar 8 is arranged in the slit 7 of adjacent electrode 2, and fitting nut 11a and packing ring 11b near electrode to be fixed in position.When changing electrode, fitting nut 11a unclamped make it no longer nestle up electrode, and only this is lifted, can shown in Fig. 3 a and 3b, enter electrode like this.

Design electricity coagulates groove so that with the fluid of various flow velocity treating water and so on.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, charger is handled the required power requirement of electrolyte solution with various flow velocity outputs.

Referring now to Fig. 4, shown that the electricity of Fig. 1 coagulates the charger 12 of groove 1 usefulness.Can use this charger with five liters/minute, the Peak Flow Rate of 5LPM is handled electrolyte solution.This charger 12 receives single phase ac (AC) input 13 of 240v with 10 amperes (maximum).Regulate varitran 14 to improve or to reduce voltage and current by the operation of controlling board 14a.Transformer 15 is applied voltage and current after the adjusting to increase or to reduce gradually voltage as required gradually.For example, if at 5 liters/minute, the flow velocity of 5LPM is constructed this system, need be in the maximum output of the 110v DC under 10 amperages.Yet, when flow velocity is 100LPM, need under 300 amperages, the maximum of 110v DC export.

Rectifier 16 changes into direct current signal with voltage of alternating current, and show on the indicating meter 17 regulate and rectification after signal so that operator's observation.According to required processing type and used electrode type, output signal can be by the direct current signal with negative polarity of reversed polarity timer 18 adjustings or pass through the positive output signal that normal polarity timer 19 is regulated.Output with charger 12 is applied on the bus-bar and electrode of electric groove 1 with fixed attention then.

Rated value with the varitran of charger under the maximum value of 250v AC is made as 15 amperes.If the system of coagulating provides power supply for the 10LM electricity, because the flow velocity that improves, the rated value of varitran need be set at 28 amperes.

If coagulate system with 10LM operation electricity, so need be under 28 amperages the maximum output of 110v DC so that provide power for this system.Charger that the 10LM system uses and 5LM system similar, except need rated value be made as 28 amperes big varitran and by 20 amperages (maximum value) down the input of 240v single phase ac providing the charger of power.

Now with reference to Fig. 5 to 8 charger is described in more detail.With reference to Fig. 5, having shown for the electricity with the 100LPM running coagulates groove provides galvanic charger.Yet, can recognize that this charger also can use with 1,5 and the 10LPM system that use the single phase ac input.

Three-phase alternating current input by the charger input 415v of locking 19 in Fig. 5.Yet, it being understood that and can use any suitable power supply.The input power supply links to each other with adjustable main switch 20, and this switch can be, for example, and Terasaki ^TMIsolating switch XS125CJ633P or similar isolating switch.Main switch 20 links to each other with voltage regulator 21, and this voltage regulator is preferably three-phase SCR digital power controller, for example the product of Fastron Technologies Pty Ltd. sale.To the primary winding supply of main-transformer 22 phased variable output from voltage regulator 21, the secondary coil of main-transformer and rectifier 23, for example Pi Pei six phase back to back SCR modules link to each other.

Voltage and current potentiometer 24 (being shown as one) is connected and exports 25 with the control direct current between main switch 20 and the voltage regulator 21 is constant current or constant voltage.Voltage or current regulator 26 receives from the output of rectifier 23 and with potentiometer 24 and realizes triggering control (the firing control) 27 of voltage regulator 21.

In this embodiment, charger has two kinds of distinct operating method, and they make the user can keep constant output voltage or constant current strength.These values are set by voltage or current potentiometer 24.When current potentiometer was set at constant current, (voltagepot) rotated to " 100% " with the voltage potential meter, and charger can make output voltage 0 and unsteady between the nominal dc voltage fully like this.According to pending electrolytical type and concentration constant current pot is set at required outward current then.

Along with load increases or reduces, when voltage changed, strength of current can remain on setting point.If with constant voltage pot be set at be lower than 100% output, voltage just exceeds with this setting point so.In this case, if this setting point is lower than required voltage to keep setting current class, will cross constant voltage automatically.

Perhaps, in order to keep constant voltage, constant current pot can be turned clockwise to be located at 100%, charger can make outward current float between the complete nominal DC of zero-sum strength of current thus.

As mentioned above, constant voltage pot is set at required output voltage, 110vDC for example, along with load increases or reduces, when galvanic current intensity changed, voltage remained on 110v DC.Be lower than 100% if constant current pot is set at, outward current just exceeds with this setting point.Perhaps, be lower than required minimum current to keep the setting voltage grade, will cross constant current automatically so if set electric current.

Provide the current trip device to prevent to surpass the maximum DC strength of current rated value of charger.If surpass this DC strength of current, charger can remain in operation, yet, do not have any output.Similarly, provide excess temperature rly. 36 overheated with in the perception rectifier 23,, just cut off charger at main switch 20 places if exist overheatedly.

The charger of this embodiment provides voltage control or current control so that generate constant current or voltage with required output level.

In Fig. 6,7 and 8, set forth the details of this charger.The schematic circuit of the charger of Fig. 6 presentation graphs 5.This figure further indicates the

display unit

26 and 27 that is conditioned strength of current and voltage in order to demonstration.Second transformer 28 be connected on the output terminal of adjustable main switch 20 in primary side and at secondary side supply electric power with the circuit shown in monitoring and the

control chart

7 and 8.

Fig. 7 represents that the relay1 circuit 29 that is used to drive, relay1 circuit make the reversal of poles of the direct current signal output 25 after the rectification.This circuitry is understood by those skilled in the art easily and is not for a more detailed description.Should indicatedly be that the charger that this circuit also can be used with the electricity system of coagulating of 1LPM, 5LPM or 10LPM uses.

Referring now to Fig. 8, shown schematic circuit with the pilot circuit that links to each other according to charger of the present invention.This control and supervisory circuit are included in power supply, cooling fan 31,12vDC charger 32, main line contactor 33, rectifier running indicator 34, trouble relay 35, the overtemperature rly. 36 that has hotsync 37 and the transformer temperature sensor 38 on the telltale 30.The running of controller 39 control regulators 21.Any faulty condition that produces can make voltage regulator trouble relay 40 start.Testing lamp rly. 41 contains test switch 42, and

indicator lamp

43 and 44 provides any overtemperature of voltage regulator and the visible indication of fault.

The operation of this technical process and charger is described with reference to Fig. 9 and 10.Charger of the present invention coagulates groove 1 with electricity and links to each other, and will pass through electrolytic treatment of liquid in this groove 1.In the operation of this system, the algorithm that carries out programming logic control (PLC) 47 is to guarantee to satisfy many conditions.At first, before providing direct current, mode switch 45 is made as " RUN " and presses start button 45 these electrodes.PLC47 receives state and the conditioned signal from bit switch 50 and trouble indicator 51 in dc power supply 48, feed chute low-side switch 47, the feed chute.All parameters of whether measuring PLC all satisfy and whether all switches all cut out and whether do not detect faulty condition in this system.In case satisfied initial conditions, PLC 47 sends signals opening feed valve 52, and behind the time relay 53, starts fresh feed pump 54 so that one or more pumps are come into operation to make liquid flow coagulate system through electricity thus.

Flow transmitter 55 provides to PLC47 and measures flow velocity whether greater than the signal of low flow setting point, and if greater than, PLC can to dc power supply 48 send signal to bring into operation so that the voltage that coagulates the electrode of groove 1 by electricity is provided.

If mode switch 45 is set the function beyond the " RUN " for, perhaps press stop button, perhaps detect malfunction in 51, perhaps sense any other sensed parameter of low flow and so in flow transmitter 55, charger can stop to provide voltage to electrode so.In these cases, PLC can send signal with out of service by charger.

If for example the liquid level in the feed chute is reduced to below the low-side switch, the running that PLC can also make electricity coagulate suspends.At this moment, switch can be opened, and this system can enter park mode, and at this moment it can be waited until reset automatically behind enough fluids fresh feed pump and dc power supply again in the feed chute.

In another embodiment, can enter the flow velocity that electricity coagulates the liquid of system by charger control of the present invention.With reference to Figure 10, the digitial controller 21 of charger can be controlled automatically and enter the electric ionogen of groove or the flow velocity of water of coagulating.In operation, the user is to the required flow rate set point 56 of digitial controller 21 inputs.Controller sends to speed change AC engine drive device 57 to reach this flow rate set point with control signal.Speed change AC engine drive device 57 control fresh feed pump engines 58, the fresh feed pump engine changes the speed of this pump running.Feed chute 59 supplies will be pumped electric water or the ionogen that coagulates in the groove.

Flow transmitter 55 measurements are transported to electricity and coagulate the flow velocity of the water in the groove and send signal back to digitial controller 21.This digitial controller 21 is adjusted this control signal then so that the flow velocity of measuring reaches the flow rate set point of user in 56 inputs.Can recognize that the ionogen of the electric groove with fixed attention of flowing through or the flow velocity of water are most important to the performance of this system.

Charger also can be controlled the relevant other factors of operation of the system of coagulating with electricity.For example, can in this system, add groove emptying control, thus in cleaning, close or maintain before with this groove emptying.Similarly, can start this system and be beneficial to use washings to clean this groove, between electrode, not apply voltage in this case.

The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiment.Yet, indicatedly be, also have other embodiment within the spirit and scope of the present invention, for example be used for the charger of 100LPM system, also can be used for the flow velocity of 500LMP.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the control combination part that electricity coagulates groove, comprising:

(1) a plurality of electrodes;

(2) selected to the releasable connecting device between the described electrode of small part; With

(3) arrangements of electric connection that links to each other with described releasable connecting device, releasable connecting device in use can link to each other with charger.

2. control combination part as claimed in claim 1, wherein said releasable connecting device are the bars that extends between slit, recess or the aperture in described selected partial electrode at least.

3. as claim 2 or 3 described control combination parts, wherein this bar is that screw rod and this bar link to each other with related electrode by one or more threaded fasteners.

4. control combination part as claimed in claim 3, wherein this bar threaded fastener comprises one or more nuts that respectively contain the packing ring that links.

5. as any one described control combination part of claim 2 to 4, wherein each electrode contains one or more upwardly extending small pieces, and wherein each small pieces comprise described slit, aperture or recess.

6. require described control combination part as any aforesaid right, wherein said arrangements of electric connection comprises an electrical lead that is fixed on the conductor, and an aperture in order to engage with the abutting end of pitman shaft is arranged on the conductor.

7. control combination part as claimed in claim 6 is wherein linked each arrangements of electric connection on the union lever on arbitrary end of described web member with fastening piece.

8. an electricity that comprises the described control combination part of any aforesaid right requirement coagulates groove.

9. an electricity coagulates system, comprising:

(4) a plurality of electrodes;

(5) electrolyzers that contain inner room, this inner room contains a plurality of electrodes; With

(6) chargers that can link to each other with power supply and can also link to each other with these electrodes, described charger contain the control device that is useful on the constant output electric current that provides selected or selected constant output voltage, and electrolyzer can be handled the sample with different qualities thus.

10. electricity as claimed in claim 9 coagulates system, and wherein said control device comprises that one is connected on the described power supply by switching arrangement and is connected to varitran on the electrolyzer to provide volts DS to electrolyzer by rectifier.

11. electricity as claimed in claim 10 coagulates system, and a transformer that is inserted between varitran and the rectifier wherein is provided.

12. electricity as claimed in claim 11 coagulates system, wherein charger (also comprises a reversed polarity timer and a normal polarity timer.

13. electricity as claimed in claim 9 coagulates system, it comprises:

(6) rearrangeable switches that can link to each other with power supply;

(7) voltage regulators that link to each other with this switch;

(8) transformers that contain primary winding that link to each other with this voltage regulator;

(9) rectifiers that link to each other with the secondary coil of this transformer;

(10) the described control device that is connected between switch and the voltage regulator is exported to have described selected constant current or described selected constant voltage with the direct current that control is applied on the electrolyzer.

14. electricity as claimed in claim 13 coagulates system, it comprises that further a polarity switch rly. is to select output polarity.

15. coagulate system as claim 13 or 14 described electricity, it further comprises voltage or current regulator, this voltage or current regulator receive from the output of rectifier and with described control device and realize the triggering control of voltage regulator.

16. coagulate system as any one described electricity of claim 13 to 15, wherein said control device comprises a voltage and current potentiometer.

17. coagulate system as any one described electricity of claim 13 to 16, it comprises that further a current trip device is to prevent to surpass the maximum direct current intensity rated value of charger.

18. coagulate system as any one described electricity of claim 13 to 17, it further comprises an overtemperature rly. any overheated with in the perception rectifier.