CN1734554B - Waveform generating apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

To generate waveform having a complex waveform shape in a simple and abundantly controlled manner. Phase information, which changes with the rate corresponding to frequency information in accordance with the parameter that specifies at least two sample points, is generated so that the information is repeated along a normal direction and a reversed direction between at least the two specified sample points. The frequency information that is used for the rate with which the phase information is changed, is changed in accordance with the parameter that specifies the frequency information that sets the frequency of the waveform to be generated by at least the two sample points. By inputting the generated phase information into a waveform generating means which generates the sample data of a prescribed fundamental waveform made of a plurality of sample points, the waveform, in which the fundamental waveform is deformed in accordance with the change in the phase information, is generated. Thus, only specifying at least two sample points by a user, a waveform having a complex waveform shape is generated in a simple and abundantly controlled manner without changing pitch.

Description

Waveform generating apparatus and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to be suitable for generating the Waveform generating apparatus and the method for note signal.Be particularly related to and make the basic waveform distortion, simple and controlled Waveform generating apparatus and the method that produces the waveform of complicated waveform shape galore.

Background technology

In the past, as the device that generates note signal, for example be well known that the note synthesizer (being also referred to as the FM source of sound) that comes the so-called FM mode of the note signal that synthetic partials with hope constitute by the frequency modulation (PFM) computing (FM computing) that can listen frequency domain.As in the past known, the note synthesizer of FM mode is to produce carrier signal and modulation wave signal respectively basically, comes modulated carrier signal by modulation wave signal, thereby generates the note signal of the frequency spectrum formation with hope.Generally speaking, in the note synthesizer of this FM mode, has the Waveform generating apparatus that is called processor (オ ペ レ one タ) that for example can produce basic waveforms such as sine wave.The phase information that this processor (Waveform generating apparatus) changes according to the frequency with the hope corresponding with the pitch of musical sound, from waveform table, read and make it generation by the basic waveform (sampled data) of the regulation formed of a plurality of sampling spots of storage in advance etc., the basic waveform that is produced as carrier signal, modulation wave signal etc., is used for frequency modulation (PFM) computing (FM computing).

In the note synthesizer of aforesaid FM mode etc.,, can make complicated waveform shape to the waveform shape of carrier signal, modulation wave signal herein, in order to generate the note signal of realizing multiple tone color.To this, be that the reading of basic waveform from waveform table controlled in the past.Now lift a wherein example, the note synthesizer of record in the following patent documentation that provides 1 is for example arranged.The note synthesizer of this patent documentation 1 record is to make phase value only carry out phase shift in the prescribed phases interval or ignore low-order bit etc. and change, and the sampled data of from sinusoidal wave table (being waveform table), reading the good sine wave (being basic waveform) of storage in advance, thereby make after this sinusoidal wave waveform shape changed, this waveform shape waveform after changing is used for the frequency modulation (PFM) computing, just can generates more complicated note signal.

Patent documentation 1: special fair 6-44193 communique

But, the control of reading as basic waveform, just make phase value only carry out phase shift as mentioned above in the prescribed phases interval or ignore the control of low-order bit etc., and read sinusoidal wavely from sinusoidal wave table, great changes have taken place just to be difficult to make the waveform shape of original sine wave.Therefore, the more complicated note signal that generates the multiple tone color of realization with the waveform that generates like this is just very difficult, and this is its problem points.

Summary of the invention

The present invention In view of the foregoing proposes, purpose is to provide simple and controlled the generation galore with basic waveform of a kind of energy to compare, and Waveform generating apparatus and the method for waveform of the complicated waveform shape of having of big variation and the storage medium of related embodied on computer readable thereof are arranged.

Waveform generating apparatus according to the 1st viewpoint proposition of the present invention, it is characterized in that having: the basic waveform generation device that produces the sampled data of the corresponding sampling spot of phase information in the sampled data of basic waveform of the regulation of forming by a plurality of sampling spots with importing; In order to change the waveform of above-mentioned basic waveform, specify the device of at least 2 sampling spots; Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce; Change the change device of the above-mentioned frequency information of having obtained at least by the interval of above-mentioned 2 sampling spots that specified; According to the above-mentioned frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information; And in 1 circulation of the variation of the above-mentioned phase information that produces by above-mentioned phase information generation device, propelling to the above-mentioned phase information that produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is controlled, make the variation step up the above-mentioned phase information of stating the interval between at least 2 sampling spots that specified verbosely be repeated 1 time control device at least, according to the control that above-mentioned control device carried out, the above-mentioned phase information that has been produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is imported in the above-mentioned basic waveform generation device, according to the above-mentioned phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation, produce the waveform that above-mentioned basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device.

According to the present invention, for the waveform of the basic waveform that changes regulation and specify at least 2 sampling spots, in 1 circulation of the variation of phase information, propelling to phase information is controlled, make that the variation of the above-mentioned phase information stride the interval between these at least 2 sampling spots that specified is verbosely repeated 1 time at least, repeat the waveform portion in this tediously long interval thus, so just can easily produce the waveform that the basic waveform distortion is formed.On the other hand, come the frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that change setting should produce at least according to the interval of these 2 sampling spots that specified, make phase information with the ratio corresponding and change with the frequency information that has changed, thereby associate with the shape this point that changes the waveform that produces, the variation ratio of this phase information is just by variable control, with regard to can eliminate might by phase place advance the generation waveform that the control/operation of figure causes frequency (cycle) variation (tone (ピ Star チ) that exceeds hope) or arbitrarily it is adjusted.

For example, according to the parameter that specifies at least 2 sampling spots, make the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with frequency information between above-mentioned at least 2 sampling spots that specified just, contrary direction repeats and produce.The employed frequency information of ratio that above-mentioned phase information changes is according to the parameter that specifies above-mentioned at least 2 sampling spots the frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce to be changed to form.And, the basic waveform generation device of the sampled data of the basic waveform that produces the regulation of being made up of a plurality of sampling spots is imported the above-mentioned phase information that has produced, thereby produces the waveform that above-mentioned basic waveform has been out of shape according to the variation of this phase information.Between at least 2 sampling spots that input has specified just, contrary direction repeats the phase information that produced, thereby produce the occasion of the sampled data of the basic waveform of stipulating, do not import the words of above-mentioned phase information with changing, the tone of the waveform that does not have the phase information that above-mentioned repetition produces with input and produced is compared, and only has the tone of the waveform that part produced of repetition will become big.Therefore, change frequency information,, produce the sampled data of the basic waveform of regulation according to the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with the above-mentioned frequency information that has changed according to the parameter that specifies above-mentioned at least 2 sampling spots.Like this,, just can simply and controlled produce the tone that does not change hope galore, or freely adjust, have the waveform of the waveform shape of complexity by tone arbitrarily as long as the user specifies at least 2 sampling spots.

Therefore, according to the present invention, can simple and controlled the generation galore compare with basic waveform, the waveform that big variation is arranged with complicated waveform shape, thereby can realize multiple tone color with the waveform that is produced, and can generate more complicated note signal simply, this is its effect.

Waveform generating apparatus according to the 2nd viewpoint proposition of the present invention, it is characterized in that having: the basic waveform generation device that produces the sampled data of the corresponding sampling spot of phase information in the sampled data of basic waveform of the regulation of forming by a plurality of sampling spots with importing; Generation is used to change the device of waveform change parameter of the waveform of above-mentioned basic waveform, and wherein, above-mentioned waveform change parameter comprises the parameter that specifies at least 1 sampling spot and sets the stand-by time parameter of the time of keeping this sampling spot that has specified; Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce; Change the change device of the above-mentioned frequency information of having obtained according to above-mentioned stand-by time parameter; According to the above-mentioned frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information; And in 1 circulation of the variation of the above-mentioned phase information that produces by above-mentioned phase information generation device, propelling to the above-mentioned phase information that produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is controlled, make the value indeclinable control device in the time that sets according to above-mentioned stand-by time parameter keep the above-mentioned phase information corresponding with above-mentioned at least 1 sampling spot that has specified, according to the control that above-mentioned control device carried out, the above-mentioned phase information that has been produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is imported in the above-mentioned basic waveform generation device, thereby, produce the waveform that above-mentioned basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device according to the above-mentioned phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation.

According to the present invention, generate the waveform change parameter that comprises the parameter that specifies at least 1 sampling spot and set the stand-by time parameter of the time of keeping this sampling spot that has specified for the waveform of the basic waveform that changes regulation, in 1 circulation of the variation of phase information, propelling to phase information is controlled, make the value keep the above-mentioned phase information corresponding in the time that sets according to above-mentioned stand-by time parameter, not change with above-mentioned at least 1 sampling spot that has specified, verbosely keep the sampled data of same sampling spot by the time of above-mentioned setting, so just can easily produce the waveform that the basic waveform distortion is formed.On the other hand, come the frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that change setting should produce according to above-mentioned stand-by time parameter, make phase information with the ratio corresponding and change with the frequency information that has changed, thereby associate with the shape this point that changes the waveform that produces, the variation ratio of this phase information is just by variable control, with regard to can eliminate might by phase place advance the generation waveform that the control/operation of figure causes frequency (cycle) variation (tone that exceeds hope) or arbitrarily it is adjusted.

For example, do not produce waveform if do not change above-mentioned phase information, will elongated (tone step-down) by cycle of the generation waveform of the time quantum that has stopped in order to keep same sampling spot, in order to eliminate this undesirable situation, change frequency information (mode with the variation ratio that improves phase information changes) according to above-mentioned stand-by time parameter, according to reading the sampled data of the basic waveform of regulation with the ratio corresponding (relative uprise the ratio) phase information that changes with this frequency information that has changed.So just can compensate this deferment factor of having kept same sampling spot by the stand-by time amount that has specified, produce the waveform that the basic waveform distortion is formed with the tone of hope.Like this phase information is controlled, make the sampling spot arbitrarily of basic waveform temporarily stop (temporarily keeping) and carry out waveform generation, thereby as long as the user specifies and stops (keeping) time and at least 1 sampling spot, just can simply and controlled produce the tone that does not change hope galore, or freely adjust by tone arbitrarily, have the waveform of the waveform shape of complexity.

The common notion of the present invention according to proposing from the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd viewpoint can also provide following Waveform generating apparatus.That is, Waveform generating apparatus involved in the present invention is characterized in that, has: the basic waveform generation device that produces the sampled data of the corresponding sampling spot of the phase information with importing in the sampled data of basic waveform of the regulation of being made up of a plurality of sampling spots; In order to change the waveform of above-mentioned basic waveform, specify at least 1 sampling spot and specify that to have specified sampling spot with this be the device in the tediously long interval of benchmark; Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce; Change the change device of the above-mentioned frequency information of having obtained by the above-mentioned tediously long length of an interval degree that has specified; According to the above-mentioned frequency information that has been changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information; And in 1 circulation of the variation of the above-mentioned phase information that produces by above-mentioned phase information generation device, propelling to the above-mentioned phase information that produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is controlled, make and with above-mentioned at least 1 sampling spot that has specified be the tediously long interval that benchmark above-mentioned specified, verbosely repeat or keep the control device of the variation of above-mentioned phase information, according to the control that above-mentioned control device carried out, the above-mentioned phase information that has been produced by above-mentioned phase information generation device is imported in the above-mentioned basic waveform generation device, thereby, produce the waveform that above-mentioned basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device according to the above-mentioned phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation.

In this occasion also be, according to the present invention, for the waveform of the basic waveform that changes regulation and specify at least 1 sampling spot and specify that to have specified sampling spot with this be the tediously long interval of benchmark, in 1 circulation of the variation of phase information, propelling to phase information is controlled, make and with above-mentioned at least 1 sampling spot that has specified be the tediously long interval that benchmark above-mentioned specified, verbosely repeat or keep the variation of above-mentioned phase information, so just can easily produce the waveform that the basic waveform distortion is formed.On the other hand, come the frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that change setting should produce according to the above-mentioned tediously long length of an interval degree that has specified, make phase information with the ratio corresponding and change with the frequency information that has changed, thereby associate with the shape this point that changes the waveform that produces, the variation ratio of this phase information is just by variable control, with regard to can eliminate might by phase place advance the generation waveform that the control/operation of figure causes frequency (cycle) variation (tone that exceeds hope) or arbitrarily it is adjusted.

The present invention can not only constitute as the invention of device, implement, and can also constitute as the invention of method, implement.Also have, the present invention can implement in the mode of the program of processors such as computing machine or DSP, also can implement in the mode of the storage medium of having stored this program.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the embodiment that constitutes of the integral body of the note synthesizer of the expression frequency modulation (PFM) computing type that adopted Waveform generating apparatus involved in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the basic comprising of expression processor (Waveform generating apparatus).

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the related phase generator of expression the 1st embodiment.

Fig. 4 is expression the figure of the AG output waveform that forms according to effluxion accumulative total from the pitch frequency number of the related phase generator of the 1st embodiment output, (a) is not repeat the occasion of reading, and be that the occasion that repeats to read is arranged (b).

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the related address generator of expression the 1st embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the figure of expression from the AG output waveform of the related address generator output of the 1st embodiment.

Fig. 7 is that expression has been read the figure of an example of the sinusoidal wave waveform that occasion generated according to AG output waveform shown in Figure 6 from waveform table.

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the related phase generator of expression the 2nd embodiment.

Fig. 9 is expression the figure of the AG output waveform that forms according to effluxion accumulative total from the pitch frequency number of the related phase generator of the 2nd embodiment output, (a) being that propelling that the waveform of basic waveform is read the address " does not have " occasion that stops, (b) is that the propelling that the waveform of basic waveform is read the address " has " occasion that stops.

Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the related address generator of expression the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 11 is the figure of expression from the AG output waveform of the related address generator output of the 2nd embodiment.

Figure 12 is an example of the sinusoidal wave waveform that occasion generated is read in expression from waveform table according to AG output waveform shown in Figure 11 figure.

Embodiment

Below, describe the mode of enforcement of the present invention in detail according to accompanying drawing.

The note synthesizer of the frequency modulation (PFM) computing type (hereinafter referred to as " FM mode ") that has adopted Waveform generating apparatus involved in the present invention at first, is described simply with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the embodiment that constitutes of the integral body of the note synthesizer of the expression frequency modulation (PFM) computing type (FM mode) that adopted Waveform generating apparatus involved in the present invention.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of an embodiment of the basic comprising of expression processor (being equivalent to the arithmetical unit that waveform generation is used, an embodiment of " Waveform generating apparatus " promptly of the present invention) shown in Figure 1.Herein, as known in the past, in the note synthesizer of FM mode, as Waveform generating apparatus, possessing 1 processor as arithmetic element on hardware gets final product, (タ イ system ス ロ Star ト) comes timesharing to use this 1 processor with 2 time slots, and it is worked as 2 processors shown in Figure 1 (modulator OM described later or Carrier OC).Therefore, Fig. 2 only illustrates 1 representational processor, with its briefly bright processor (modulator OM or Carrier OC).Below, the processor (waveform generation arithmetical unit) that works as the modulating wave generator is called " modulator OM ", the processor (waveform generation arithmetical unit) that works as carrier generator is called " Carrier OC ".

As shown in Figure 1, in the note synthesizer of the FM mode shown in the present embodiment,, use 2 processors (modulator OM and Carrier OC) to carry out the FM computing, the note signal that synthetic frequency spectrum with hope constitutes for 1 sound.This note synthesizer is by producing as the carrier waveform generator (Carrier OC) of the basic carrier waveform signal (carrier signal) of note signal and producing modulation waveform generator (modulator OM) formation of modulation waveform signal that is used for above-mentioned carrier waveform signal is modulated into the note signal of hope.Can import various parameters such as FB (feedback) parameter, waveform parameter (being the waveform change parameter), pitch parameters, envelope (エ Application ベ ロ one プ) parameter in this each waveform generator respectively, can control finally from the waveform shape of the note signal of Carrier OC output according to this each parameter.Be described in detail later, but, in the note synthesizer shown in the 1st embodiment, as waveform parameter (being the waveform change parameter), at least set or select to be called the suitable relative value (for example relative address value etc.) of circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) changeably herein by each of each processor, give each processor, control by each processor, in address realm, from waveform table (waveform table WT described later), repeatedly repeat to read the basic waveform (sine wave etc.) of hope based on above-mentioned circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP).Like this, as long as the user is set at the start address (SA) of basic waveform and the somewhere of end address (EA) intermediate point in addition to above-mentioned circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP), just can generate the note signal of the waveform shape of having realized that having of multiple tone color is more complicated simply.In addition, above-mentioned circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) other parameter that waveform parameter comprised and FB (feedback) parameter, pitch parameters, envelope parameters in addition is known, thereby omits explanation.In addition, waveform parameter (being the waveform change parameter) is according to the tone color selection operation that is undertaken by the user, tone color change or setting operation etc., or selects information or tone color control information etc. to generate according to the tone color that is contained in the such performance data.Therefore, can suitably be provided with as required by select or control the output data of using Operand from tone color, perhaps generate the table or the circuit of appropriate waveform change parameter according to inputs such as tone color selection or control informations, perhaps algorithm, perhaps the waveform change parameter generating apparatus that constitutes such as tamber data storer.

As shown in Figure 2, each processor (modulator OM or Carrier OC) comprises selector switch S1, phase generator (phase generator) PG, address generator AG, waveform table WT, envelope maker EG, totalizer K1, multiplier J1 respectively at least and constitutes.Selector switch S1 is made as " 0 " in the FB parameter, promptly do not make the output waveform of this processor carry out the occasion that the oneself feeds back, do not export self-feedback signal from the input terminal of selector switch S1, and be made as " 1 " in the FB parameter, promptly, make the output waveform of this processor carry out the occasion that the oneself feeds back, output is from the self-feedback signal of the input terminal of selector switch S1.Promptly, as shown in Figure 1, modulator OM has by the output waveform of self being fed back to input side and comes the so-called self-feedback function modulated again with above-mentioned output waveform, uses same frequency to modulate, but can make the modulation wave signal of more complicated waveform by the feedback output waveform.Therefore, the FB parameter is set and controls whether activate this self-feedback function.But, be appreciated that the just modulator of this self-feedback function from Fig. 1, OM Carrier OC does not have above-mentioned functions, and Carrier OC does not export self-feedback signal.Therefore, Carrier OC uses above-mentioned FB parameter as the parameter that is used to determine whether to import from the output waveform of modulator OM.

Phase generator PG according to the user who plays Operand (for example keyboard etc.) operate corresponding and be transfused to for example produce corresponding pitch frequency number according to pitch parameters such as pitch and octave information.The pitch frequency number is by decision and each the pitch of allocating the performance Operand that has been operated to the key that is pressed etc. in advance, or the frequency information (phase increment value or decrement value) formed of the numeric data of the pitch frequencies (tone) of the waveform that should produce of the key correspondence that contains in the such performance data such as MIDI.Be described in detail later (with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), occasion that phase generator PG has been set as waveform parameter in circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) is come the above-mentioned pitch frequency number that has produced of revisal according to this circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP).Like this, the pitch frequency number that has produced by phase generator PG with regard to by totalizer K1 and with output addition from selector switch S1, be given address generator AG.

Address generator AG produces the circuit of periodically variable phase information in the scope corresponding with striding 1 round-robin phasing degree (0～2 π radian), particularly, produce waveform according to the accumulative total that the pitch frequency number that is provided by above-mentioned phase generator PG is carried out (also can be add or subtract calculation) and read address signal.It is to be used for address information that the basic waveform that waveform table WT stores is read out that this waveform is read address signal.Waveform table WT is storer or a waveform generation table of having stored the basic waveform of a plurality of kinds, in this table, as basic waveform, each Wave data (sampled data) of 1 periodic quantity of various waveforms such as the sine wave of having stored with a plurality of sampling spots, triangular wave, sawtooth wave.In waveform table WT, the specific address of the initial sampled data of this basic waveform that has been stored is start address (SA), and the specific address of the last sampled data of this basic waveform that has been stored is end address (EA).Use in the basic waveform of a plurality of kinds which, wait and suitably select to get final product according to selection, the tone color selection information that the user carried out.

At first, in the note synthesizer shown in the 1st embodiment, as waveform parameter, can distinguish suitably and to set as to the circulation dot address (LP) of the relative value of reading of start address (SA) beginning basic waveform (for example relative address value etc.), turn back and, it can be given each processor once more to the dot address of turning back (RP) of the relative value of reading of end address (EA) (being the positive direction that address value increases) beginning basic waveform (for example relative address value etc.) as making against reading of address against address (being the negative direction that address value reduces).Manage throughout in the device when waveform table WT reads the basic waveform (sampled data) of hope, with reference to above-mentioned circulation dot address (LP) with reference to turning back dot address (RP), carry out the words of reading (the 1st retaking of a year or grade goes out) of basic waveform successively from start address (SA) to circulation dot address (LP), then carry out read (the 2nd retaking of a year or grade goes out) of basic waveform against the address from circulation dot address (LP) to the dot address of turning back (RP), the dot address of turning back if turn back to again (RP), just carry out read (the 3rd retaking of a year or grade goes out) of basic waveform once more successively, up to the end address (EA), control reading of basic waveform like this.Therefore, the address realm (interval) from circulation dot address (LP) to the dot address of turning back (RP), corresponding basic waveform will be repeated (verbosely) and read (only reading 1 time in scope in addition) 3 times.From the reading of basic waveform of this waveform table WT is to control according to advancing based on the address of reading address signal from the waveform of above-mentioned address generator AG output.About reading address signal aftermentioned (with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) from the waveform of this address generator AG output.

Envelope maker EG is used for decision: output is to the envelope signal that responds of envelope parameters of input, itself and the waveform that has been generated along with reading basic waveform from waveform table WT taken advantage of calculated and the envelope of the signal of final output.In the note synthesizer of frequency modulation (PFM) computing type shown in Figure 1, the signal of exporting from processor in a manner described is used as carrier signal, modulation wave signal etc.

Secondly, the phase generator PG that comprises in the above-mentioned processor and the details of address generator AG are described.At first, with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 phase generator PG is described.Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of expression phase generator PG.Fig. 4 is the figure of expression an AG output waveform that the pitch frequency number from phase generator PG output is formed according to effluxion accumulative total (herein omitted start address (SA) due to biasing).Herein, Fig. 4 (a) be do not have basic waveform the occasion that repeats to read (promptly, circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) are not set, the occasion that the revisal of pitch frequency number described later is not carried out) AG output waveform figure, Fig. 4 (b) be have basic waveform repeat to read (promptly, circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) are set the occasion that the revisal of pitch frequency number described later has been carried out) the AG output waveform figure.Like this, among the 1st embodiment, by will verbosely repeating at least 1 time as reading of the circulation dot address (LP) of waveform change parameter and the specially appointed interval of the dot address of turning back (RP).In addition, in the example of Fig. 4 (b),, advance to positive dirction at first by circulation dot address (LP) and the specially appointed interval of the dot address of turning back (RP), secondly, from LP to RP,, follow to propellings of turning back of contrary direction, from RP to LP once more to the positive dirction propelling of turning back, same interval (interval from RP to LP), add to contrary direction and positive dirction to 1 time of positive dirction read except common, add up to repeat 2 times (verbosely) and be read out.

As shown in Figure 3, phase generator PG constitutes by comprising the circuit that phase shifter B, augmenting factor calculate device E, multiplier J2 at least.Phase shifter B is used for carrying out the octave phase shift with the proportional pitch frequency number of pitch frequencies (tone) (FUNM) corresponding to the pitch that is transfused to as pitch parameters according to the octave information OCT that is transfused to as pitch parameters equally.For example, phase shifter B carries out phase shift by the bit number of octave information OCT indication to pitch frequency number (FNUM), and it is exported as pitch frequency number (FNUM1).Therefore, in the occasion of not carrying out the octave phase shift, with the corresponding pitch frequency number (FUNM) of pitch of input with as being exactly equal from the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) after the octave phase shift of the output of phase shifter B.Output from phase shifter B is given multiplier J2, takes advantage of calculation with the augmenting factor E1 that calculates the E of portion output from augmenting factor.Augmenting factor is calculated the E of portion and is calculated augmenting factor E1 according to circulation dot address (LP) that is transfused to as waveform parameter and the dot address of turning back (RP), gives multiplier J2 with it, thereby the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) from phase shifter B output is carried out revisal.This augmenting factor E1 is calculated by the formula (1) of following expression.

$E1=\frac{L+(\mathrm{LP}-\mathrm{RP})\×2}{L}......\left(1\right)$

Herein, " L " is the address realm (that is, start address is long to the address of end address) of basic waveform of having stored the hope of 1 periodic quantity in waveform table WT, and " LP " is the circulation dot address, and " RP " is the dot address of turning back.As Fig. 4 (b), tediously long repeat number is " 2 " in the above-mentioned formula (1).Represent tediously long repeat number to count n arbitrarily, above-mentioned formula (1) can be rewritten as following formula (2).That is, can change this repeat number n arbitrarily.

$E1=\frac{L+(\mathrm{LP}-\mathrm{RP})\×n}{L}......\left(2\right)$

As the above-mentioned augmenting factor E1 of the output of calculating device E from augmenting factor with as being given multiplier J2 from the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) after the phase shift of the output of phase shifter B, multiply each other by multiplier J2 and to calculate pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal, it is exported address generator AG.Be described in detail later, but, between dot address of turning back (RP) and circulation dot address (LP), the occasion that the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) of the sampling value data of the basic waveform in the waveform table WT before according to revisal repeated to read, will change (with reference to the oscillogram shown in a little line among Fig. 6 described later) by this tone of measuring the waveform that generates, thereby in advance pitch frequency number (FNUM1) is carried out revisal according to the scope that basic waveform is repeated to read in advance here, make and to repeat to read basic waveform and the tone constant (with reference to the oscillogram shown in the solid line Fig. 6 described later) of the waveform that generates from waveform table WT.That is, the repetition in same interval just becomes deferment factor for the propelling of phase information, thereby will compensate this deferment factor, compensates to such an extent that the propelling of phase information can not postponed, that is, the pitch period of hope is guaranteed.

Shown in Fig. 4 (a), as waveform parameter, do not provide the occasion of circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP), it is the occasion that repeats to read as " nothing " of waveform, in address generator AG described later,, calculate each temporal pitch frequency and count aggregate-value by each predetermined rule time interval (Δ t) pitch frequency number (FNUM1) that adds successively.In the occasion that does not provide circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP), to calculate the augmenting factor that device E calculates by augmenting factor and be " 1 ", pitch frequency number (FNUM1) is not directly used in accumulative total by revisal.Among the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 (a), reach the time till the address long (L) of basic waveform of 1 periodic quantity, promptly reading 1 periodic waveform institute's time spent from waveform table WT is " t12 ", and this time is equivalent to the tone (1 round-robin cycle) when waveform table WT reads basic waveform.

Another side, shown in Fig. 4 (b), in the occasion that has provided circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) as waveform parameter, it is the occasion that repeats to read as " having " of waveform, also with above-mentioned same, by each predetermined rule time interval (Δ t) pitch frequency number (FNUM1) that adds successively, thereby calculate each temporal pitch frequency and count aggregate-value, this point is identical, but, calculate the note E augmenting factor of calculating in this occasion by augmenting factor and be " more than 1 ", thereby the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal is used for accumulative total.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 (b), as circulation dot address (LP), be made as relative address value " 4L/6 " to the address long (L) of 1 periodic waveform, as the dot address of turning back (RP), be made as relative address value " L/6 ", thereby calculate augmenting factor according to above-mentioned formula (1) and be " 2 " the address of 1 periodic waveform long (L).Therefore, the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that add up successively by 2 times of revisals of the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) before the revisal, with the occasion of Fig. 4 (a) relatively, the address that reaches 1 periodic waveform with 2 times speed is long.That is, reach the address of the 1 periodic waveform time till long and become " t6 ", in the occasion of reading merely, this time is equivalent to tone, thereby compares with above-mentioned occasion, change the phase change ratio when waveform table WT reads basic waveform.

Secondly, with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 address generator AG is described.Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of presentation address maker AG.Fig. 6 is the figure of expression from the AG output waveform of address generator AG output.Herein, explanation is easy to be understood in order to make among this Fig. 6, carried out basic waveform repeat to read the time rule with a little and to represent occasion that the pitch frequency number " is not had revisal ", represent the occasion of " revisal is arranged " with solid line, the difference of counting given output signal of having or not of revisal for the pitch frequency on the above-mentioned phase generator PG describes.

Pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal of above-mentioned phase generator PG output is given address generator AG, and address generator AG output is used for reading from waveform table WT the waveform of the sampled data of basic waveform and reads address signal (OUT).For explanation is understood easily, in passing address generator AG is described by functional separation herein.Promptly, if AG separates substantially by function address generator, can be divided into that waveform is read the function X of address and according to circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) by the pitch frequency number being added up generate, to repeating to read the function Y that basic waveform is controlled, has the circuit (exclusive disjunction software) of realizing this each function respectively at corresponding address realm.The circuit of realizing above-mentioned functions X comprises selector switch S2 and S3, delay circuit D, gate circuit G, totalizer K2, subtracter M at least and constitutes.Another side, the circuit of realizing above-mentioned functions Y comprise phase inverter P, selector switch S2, comparator circuit H1 and H2, delay circuit D1 and D2, EXOR circuit O1 and O2, OR circuit N1 and N2, counter CN, demoder Q at least and constitute.Certainly, self-evident, realize that each circuit of above-mentioned functions X and function Y is not limited to said apparatus.

At first, describe for the circuit of realizing above-mentioned functions X.Pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal of phase generator PG output is given selector switch S2.Selector switch S2 is the occasion of " 0 " at the input signal from demoder Q described later, directly export the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that is given, at the input signal from demoder Q described later is the occasion of " 1 ", the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that is given positive and negative by phase inverter P anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) export to totalizer K2.For action (setting of above-mentioned input signal " 0 " or " the 1 ") aftermentioned of above-mentioned demoder Q, omit explanation herein.Totalizer K2 calculates the aggregate-value of pitch frequency number (FNUM2) to from the output of selector switch S2 (pitch frequency number (FNUM2) or positive and negative by anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) certain) with come the output of the cycling circuit that free delay circuit D, subtracter M and selector switch S3 and gate circuit G constitute to add.Herein, pitch frequency number (FNUM2) be with corresponding to the pitch of distributing to the key that is pressed, or the numeric data after the proportional revisal of pitch frequencies (tone) of the key that contains in the such performance data such as MIDI is equivalent to the phase increment value of unit interval.Therefore, be the phase information of time to time change by each aggregate-value of forming of the rule time interval (Δ t) repetitive operation pitch frequency number (FNUM2), it with waveform table WT in to have stored the interior relative address of the storage area of basic waveform of 1 periodic quantity corresponding.Like this, the aggregate-value of the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) of being calculated by totalizer K2 is given the delay circuit D of cycling circuit and subtracter M, comparator circuit H1, H2 respectively.

Cycling circuit by delay circuit D, subtracter M and selector switch S3, gate circuit G constitute for pitch frequency number (FNUM2) is added up, postpones the aggregate-value of the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) in per 1 sampling period, gives totalizer K2.That is, delay circuit D is counting the side that aggregate-value gives the input terminal of selector switch S3 by the pitch frequency of calculating as the time that has been delayed from time (Δ t) in 1 sampling period of totalizer K2 output.Most significant digit (MSB) value in addition from the data of subtracter M output is given another input terminal of selector switch S3.This subtracter M is used for counting aggregate-value from the pitch frequency that totalizer K2 is exported and deducts address long (L).Selector switch S3 is the occasion of " 1 " in the most significant digit (MSB) of the data of exporting from such subtracter M, to the data of gate circuit G output except most significant digit (MSB), in above-mentioned most significant digit (MSB) is the occasion of " 0 ", counts aggregate-value to gate circuit G output conduct from the pitch frequency of the output of delay circuit D.Like this, count the occasion that aggregate-value has overflowed, just add up once more from minimum value at pitch frequency, thereby as reading address signal and export the waveform of repetition period from the waveform of address generator AG output.Gate circuit G counts aggregate-value to this pitch frequency and gives totalizer K2, up to the touching pulse (KONP) of re-entering as the pulse signal that produces along with touching (キ one オ Application).In the occasion of having re-entered touching pulse (KONP), this pitch frequency is not counted aggregate-value and give totalizer K2, thereby come again from from the beginning of the accumulative total of beginning pitch frequency number according to the pitch frequency number of the pitch corresponding with the institute touching.Totalizer K2 is the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that has re-entered and count aggregate-value from the pitch frequency of gate circuit G and add up.

Secondly, describe for the circuit of realizing above-mentioned functions Y.Dot address of turning back (RP) and circulation dot address (LP) are added in respectively on each of input terminal of comparator circuit H1, H2.Also have, on another input terminal of comparator circuit H1, H2, add as pitch frequency and count aggregate-value (relative address signal) from the output of totalizer K2.The doubling output that address (RP) and pitch frequency are counted the comparator circuit H1 that aggregate-value compares that returns the benefit by delay circuit D1 and EXOR circuit O1, is added on the terminal of OR circuit N1.On the other hand, the output to circulation dot address (LP) and pitch frequency are counted the comparator circuit H2 that aggregate-value compares by delay circuit D2 and EXOR circuit O2, is added on the another terminal of OR circuit N1.And the output of OR circuit N1 is given counter CN, and counter CN is according to counting from the output of above-mentioned OR circuit N1, giving demoder Q as its result's Counter Value.As above-mentioned shown in Figure 4, in the occasion that has provided dot address of turning back (RP) and circulation dot address (LP), demoder Q is the occasion of " 2 " or " 3 " at the Counter Value from counter CN, to selector switch S2 output " 0 ", in occasion in addition, to selector switch S2 output " 1 ".Decision is an example from demoder Q to the Counter Value of " 0 " or " 1 " of selector switch S2 output like this, self-evident, according to the mode that gives of dot address of turning back (RP) and circulation dot address (LP), big or small or their relation of pitch frequency number (FNUM2) etc., above-mentioned Counter Value also can be different value.

In addition, above-mentioned counter CN is reset to " 0 " to the count value of counter CN according to from from the most significant digit (MSB) of the data of above-mentioned subtracter M output with as the touching pulse (KONP) of the pulse signal that produces along with the touching output as the OR circuit N2 of input.

At first, from OR circuit N2 input touching pulse (KONP), N2 adds reset signal to counter CN by the OR circuit along with touching, and count value will become " 0 ", and corresponding therewith, the output signal of demoder Q also becomes " 0 ".So, the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that selector switch S2 will select to import, adding of pitch frequency number (FNUM2) will begin.That is,, from this constantly, begin accumulative total according to the positive and negative not anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that has re-entered in the occasion of OR circuit N2 having been re-entered as the touching pulse (KONP) of the pulse signal that produces along with touching.Count the occasion (the 1st time arrival) that aggregate-value (relative address signal) has arrived the dot address of turning back (RP) at pitch frequency, EXOR circuit O1 becomes " 1 ", EXOR circuit O2 becomes " 0 ", thereby OR circuit N1 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 1 " from " 0 "." 0 " that demoder Q output is corresponding with count value " 1 ", thereby selector switch S2 selection pitch frequency number (FNUM2) are counted adding of aggregate-value (relative address signal) thereby proceed pitch frequency number (FNUM2) to pitch frequency.Herein, pitch frequency count aggregate-value (relative address signal) the 1st get back to reached the dot address of turning back (RP) after, just often export " 1 " by comparator circuit H1, follow therewith, EXOR circuit O1 just often exports " 0 " to the terminal of OR circuit N1.

Count the occasion (the 1st time arrival) that aggregate-value (relative address signal) has arrived circulation dot address (LP) at pitch frequency, the output signal of demoder Q just becomes " 1 " from " 0 ".That is, get back to the occasion that has reached circulation dot address (LP) the 1st, EXOR circuit O2 becomes " 1 ", also has, and as mentioned above, O1 often exports " 0 " from the EXOR circuit, thereby OR circuit N1 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 2 " from " 1 "." 1 " that demoder Q output is corresponding with count value " 2 ".Therefore, selector switch S2 just selects by phase inverter P positive and negative anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2).Thereby, pitch frequency count aggregate-value (relative address signal) the 1st get back to reached the dot address of turning back (RP) after, pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value subtracts calculation.And, re-entering pitch frequency number (FNUM2), begun the 1st time the occasion that subtracts calculation that pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value, in this embodiment, as mentioned above, just from EXOR circuit O1 output " 0 ", EXOR circuit O2 still is " 1 ", thereby OR circuit N1 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 3 " from " 2 ".Also have, count aggregate-value (relative address signal) up to the pitch frequency that is subtracted calculation and arrive the dot address (RP) of turning back (the 2nd time arrival) once more, this count value " 3 " is constant.Demoder Q exports " 1 " according to this count value " 3 ".Therefore, during count value " 3 ", promptly, count aggregate-value to pitch frequency and arrive the dot address of turning back (RP) (the 2nd time arrival) once more, count aggregate-value to pitch frequency and subtract calculation since the 1st time the calculation that subtracts.

The pitch frequency that is subtracted calculation is like this counted aggregate-value (relative address signal) and is arrived the dot address (RP) of turning back (the 2nd time arrival) once more, and the output signal of demoder Q just becomes " 0 " from " 1 ".That is, in the occasion that has arrived the 2nd time the dot address of turning back (RP), EXOR circuit O1 just becomes " 1 " from above-mentioned " 0 ", and EXOR circuit O2 still is " 0 ", thereby OR circuit N1 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 4 " from " 3 ".Demoder Q exports " 0 " according to count value " 4 ".Therefore, selector switch S2 will select pitch frequency number (FNUM2).Thereby, after the pitch frequency that is subtracted calculation is counted aggregate-value (relative address signal) and arrived the dot address of turning back (RP) once more, just pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value and adds positive and negative not anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) once more.And, re-entering pitch frequency number (FNUM2), begun the 1st time the occasion that adds that pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value once more, in this embodiment, EXOR circuit O1 still is " 1 ", EXOR circuit O2 still is " 0 ", thereby OR circuit N2 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 5 " from " 4 ".Count aggregate-value (relative address signal) up to pitch frequency and arrive circulation dot address (LP) (the 2nd time arrival) once more, this count value " 5 " is constant.Demoder Q exports " 0 " according to this count value " 5 ", thereby during count value " 5 ", count aggregate-value to pitch frequency and add.

Secondly, count the occasion (the 2nd time arrival) that aggregate-value (relative address signal) has arrived circulation dot address (LP) once more at pitch frequency, get back to when reaching differently with the 1st, the output signal of demoder Q does not become " 1 " from " 0 ", but still is " 0 ".That is, in the occasion that has arrived the 2nd time circulation dot address (LP), EXOR circuit O1 is " 0 ", and EXOR circuit O2 becomes " 1 ", thereby OR circuit N1 becomes " 1 ", and counter CN makes count value count to " 6 " from " 5 ".Demoder Q exports " 0 " according to count value " 6 ".That is, get back to when reaching differently with the 1st, get back to when reaching the 2nd, selector switch S2 does not select to make positive and negative anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) by phase inverter P.Therefore, after pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value (relative address signal) and arrived the 2nd time circulation dot address (LP), pitch frequency is counted the aggregate-value positive and negative not anti-phase pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that directly adds.And, from above-mentioned subtracter M as the most significant digit (MSB) of data and give the occasion of " 1 ", the count value of counter CN is reset to " 0 ".

As mentioned above, the pitch frequency number of having imported (FNUM2) was added successively according to each rule time interval and the pitch frequency of corresponding generation is counted aggregate-value corresponding to the relative address in the storage area of the basic waveform of having stored 1 periodic quantity.In order to read basic waveform, need count aggregate-value (relative address signal) to this pitch frequency and be converted to the specific address signal from waveform table WT.Therefore, the start address (SA) as specific address is added, be converted to the specific address signal thereby pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value (relative address signal) by totalizer K3.Visit waveform table WT according to the specific address signal from this totalizer K3 output, the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation of storing among the waveform table WT (for example sine wave etc.) responds and is read from waveform table WT.

Like this, address generator AG repeats computing, accumulative total to pitch frequency number (FNUM2) with the rule time interval, reads address signal thereby produce waveform.As shown in Figure 6, in the occasion that has provided circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) as waveform parameter, at first the moment " t0 " reading from start address (SA) beginning sampling value data.Earlier by each predetermined rule time interval, measuring by the address that is equivalent to pitch frequency number (FNUM2) increases, and from having arrived the moment " t4 " of this address value circulation dot address (LP), then by each predetermined rule time interval, measure by the address that is equivalent to pitch frequency number (FNUM2) and to subtract calculation.And, arrived moment " t7 " of the dot address of turning back (RP) from this address value, once more by each predetermined rule time interval, measuring by the address that is equivalent to pitch frequency number (FNUM2) increases, up to arrival address long (L).Like this, the waveform of being made up of the specific address of the amount of reading 1 periodic waveform is read address signal and just is generated.In this occasion, the moment that arrives the address long (L) of 1 periodic waveform is " t12 ", the preceding pitch frequency number (FNUM1) of the revisal of having imported with it is directly read as the same tone of the occasion (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of address.That is, in phase generator PG, carry out the revisal of pitch frequency number in advance, the homogeneity of the tone of the waveform that carries out the repeating to read of waveform and generate is kept.

Like this, according to reading the address from the waveform for example shown in Figure 6 of address generator AG output, WT reads basic waveform from waveform table, just can generate the waveform of waveform shape shown in Figure 7.Fig. 7 represents to have read the figure of an example of the sinusoidal wave waveform that occasion generated from waveform table according to AG output waveform shown in Figure 6.Be appreciated that from this Fig. 7, as mentioned above, read the control of waveform, make and between circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP), repeat to read basic waveform, just can not change 1 round-robin tone (frequency) of the waveform of being exported and only change waveform shape.Therefore, the user just can make the waveform shape of original basic waveform carry out big variation by suitable setting above-mentioned circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP) and read basic waveform, this waveform of having read is used for the frequency modulation (PFM) computing, just makes the note signal of realizing multiple tone color simply finish with more complicated waveform shape.Like this, modulator OM shown in Figure 1 just counts aggregate-value according to pitch frequency and reads basic waveform from waveform table WT, thereby produces modulation wave signal.On the other hand, Carrier OC counts aggregate-value according to pitch frequency and reads basic waveform from waveform table WT, thereby the generation carrier signal adding from the modulation wave signal of said modulator OM output and the carrier signal of this generation, just can be exported the note signal of having modulated.

Be to make corresponding basic waveform circulation 1 time and repeat to read to the address realm of the dot address of turning back (RP) in the foregoing description in the circulation dot address (LP) that provides as waveform parameter, but, also can provide as waveform parameter carrying out this number that loops back that repeats to read.In this occasion, when the pitch frequency number is carried out revisal, except circulation dot address (LP) and the dot address of turning back (RP), also to consider above-mentioned loop back the number calculate augmenting factor, come temporarily to change tone in view of the above.

Also have, in the foregoing description the relative address value of 2 of circulation dot address (LP) and the dot addresses of turning back (RP) is provided as waveform parameter, between them, repeat to read basic waveform, but be not limited thereto.For example, provide as waveform parameter 3 the relative address value (A1＜A2＜A3) for example, from address A1 after address A3 advances, advance to the contrary direction of address A2 from address A3, advance to address A3 from address A2 once more, repeat to read basic waveform like this, also be fine.Or provide relative address value (A1＜A2＜A3＜A4) for example of 4 as waveform parameter, from address A1 after address A4 advances, advance to the contrary direction of address A2 from address A4, follow from address A2 after address A3 advances, advance to the contrary direction of address A2 (or address A1) from address A3, advance to address A4 from address A2 (or address A1) once more, repeat to read basic waveform like this, also be fine.By this way, only read basic waveform, just can produce the waveform of more complicated waveform shape from waveform table WT.Certainly, self-evident, in this occasion, also to consider repetition and calculate augmenting factor, come temporarily to change tone in view of the above.Certainly, self-evident, in above-mentioned occasion, realize that the circuit of function Y will change according to above-mentioned each mode, function Y is used to carry out control that the basic waveform on the address generator AG shown in Figure 5 is repeated to read at address realm accordingly.

Also having, is not must comprise to backward propelling (just contrary turns back), can carry out 1 time or repeat many times in appointed interval (RP is to the interval of LP) to positive dirction (or contrary direction) propelling.In addition, repeat to advance, a little just must return repeating by the jump of sampling spot to same direction (just or contrary direction), in of the association of this part, will owe smooth in sampled data, but, in this occasion, can wait by the interpolation between sampled data to connect sampled data glossily.

Secondly, describe for the 2nd embodiment.In the note synthesizer shown in the 2nd embodiment, as waveform parameter, can be respectively each of each processor be set halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST) arbitrarily, this halt address (SP) is used to specify the relative address position of sampling spot (sampling spot that temporarily stops), the relative address position of this sampling spot is used to control, make the sampled data of keeping this sampling spot by the time that has been predetermined, promptly, the propelling that makes the waveform of basic waveform read the address temporarily stops at this sampling spot, the time-amplitude that the propelling that this stand-by time (ST) is used to determine to make the waveform of above-mentioned basic waveform to read the address temporarily stops can giving each processor as waveform parameter with it.Manage throughout in the device when waveform table WT reads the basic waveform (sampled data) of hope,, make waveform read the address propelling successively from start address (SA) to halt address (SP), carry out reading of basic waveform at first with reference to above-mentioned halt address (SP).Carry out reading of basic waveform so successively,, just read the propelling of address from this waveform that temporarily stops above-mentioned basic waveform constantly to halt address (SP).Through the defined stand-by time of above-mentioned stand-by time (ST), (EA) begins the propelling that waveform is read the address successively again to the end address from halt address (SP), carries out reading of basic waveform.

Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of the phase generator PG of expression among the 2nd embodiment, and by forming with same the constituting of Fig. 3, but, augmenting factor is calculated the different of augmenting factor E2 that device E produces and the 1st enforcement.Fig. 9 is expression the figure of the AG output waveform that adds up to form according to effluxion from the pitch frequency number of phase generator PG output among the 2nd embodiment (omitted start address (SA) due to biasing) herein.

In Fig. 8, augmenting factor is calculated the E of portion and is calculated augmenting factor E2 according to the stand-by time of having imported as the waveform change parameter (ST), gives multiplier J2 with it, thereby the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) from phase shifter B output is carried out revisal.This augmenting factor E2 calculates according to the formula (3) and the formula (4) of following expression.

$E2=\frac{T}{T-\mathrm{ST}}\·\·\·\·\·\·\left(3\right)$

$T=\frac{L}{\mathrm{fs}\×\mathrm{FNUM}1}......\left(4\right)$

Herein, T is the cycle of the pitch frequencies (tone) of the waveform that produce, L be in waveform table WT, stored 1 periodic quantity hope basic waveform address realm (promptly, start address is long to the address of end address), fs is a sample frequency, the pitch frequency number of FNUM1 after the phase shift of phase shifter B output.

As the above-mentioned augmenting factor E2 of the output of calculating device E from augmenting factor with as being given multiplier J2 from the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) after the phase shift of the output of phase shifter B, J2 multiplies each other by multiplier, thereby calculate the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal, output it to address generator AG.Be described in detail later, but, from having arrived the moment of halt address (SP), arrive till the specified time of process stand-by time (ST), the occasion that the propelling that makes the waveform of basic waveform read the address stops, with according to the pitch frequency number (FNUM1) before the revisal, the propelling that does not make waveform read the address temporarily stops and the occasion of directly reading the sampling value data of the basic waveform in the waveform table WT is compared, the time quantum that temporarily stops by the propelling that makes waveform read address delay and the waveform that generates will become, tone will change (with reference to the oscillogram shown in a little line among Figure 11 described later), here in advance pitch frequency number (FNUM1) is carried out revisal according to stand-by time (ST), even make the propelling of reading the address at the waveform that makes basic waveform temporarily stop, the 1 round-robin cycle (tone) of the waveform that is generated not have at all different (oscillograms shown in the solid line among reference Figure 11 described later) with the occasion that does not temporarily stop yet.

Shown in Fig. 9 (a), in the occasion that does not provide halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST) as waveform parameter, be that propelling that the waveform of basic waveform is read the address " does not have " occasion that stops, in address generator AG described later,, calculate at the pitch frequency of each time and count aggregate-value by each predetermined rule time interval (Δ t) pitch frequency number (FNUM1) that adds successively.In the occasion that does not provide halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST), augmenting factor is calculated the augmenting factor E2 that device E calculates and is " 1 ", and pitch frequency number (FNUM1) is not directly used in accumulative total by revisal.

On the other hand, shown in Fig. 9 (b), providing halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST) as waveform parameter, be that the propelling that the waveform of basic waveform is read the address " has " occasion that stops, also with above-mentioned same, by each predetermined rule time interval (Δ t) pitch frequency number that adds successively, thereby calculate at the pitch frequency of each time and count aggregate-value, this is identical, but, in this occasion, augmenting factor is calculated the augmenting factor E2 that device E calculates and is " more than 1 ", thereby the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) after the revisal is used for accumulative total.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 (b), be made as the relative address value " L/3 " of the address of 1 periodic waveform being grown (L) as halt address (SP), (ST) is made as " 2 " as stand-by time, calculates augmenting factor according to above-mentioned formula 1 and is " 1.2 ".Therefore, add up to pitch frequency number (FNUM1) revisal before the revisal 1.2 times of pitch frequency numbers (FNUM2) that form successively, with the occasion comparison of Fig. 9 (a), the address that reaches 1 periodic waveform with 1.2 times speed is long.That is, arrive the address of the 1 periodic waveform time till long and become " t10 ", this time is with respect to tone, thereby compares with above-mentioned occasion, and the phase change ratio when waveform table WT reads basic waveform will change.

Secondly, the formation of address generator AG among the 2nd embodiment is described with Figure 10 and Figure 11.Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the specific embodiment of presentation address maker AG, pays with prosign, not repeat specification with the part of the same function of Fig. 5.Figure 11 is the figure of expression from the AG output waveform of address generator AG output.Herein, explanation is easy to be understood in order to make among this Figure 11, temporarily stop in the propelling that makes waveform read the address, when having carried out the reading of basic waveform, rule with a little and to represent occasion that the pitch frequency number " is not had revisal ", represent the occasion of " revisal is arranged " with solid line, illustrate that pitch frequency on the above-mentioned phase generator PG counts the difference of the output signal due to having or not of revisal.

In Figure 10, to read the part of the function X of address be same formation with Fig. 5 by the pitch frequency number being added up generate waveform.The part of function Y1 of carrying out the control that temporarily stops according to halt address (SP) and propelling that stand-by time (ST) makes the waveform of basic waveform read the address is different in a measure with the part of the function Y of Fig. 5.The circuit of realizing function Y1 comprises selector switch S3, comparer H3 and H4, counter CN1, OR circuit N3, flip-flop circuit FF at least and constitutes.

Describe for the circuit of realizing function Y1.(SP) is added on the input terminal of comparator circuit H3 in the halt address.Add on another input terminal of comparator circuit H3 as pitch frequency and count aggregate-value (relative address signal) from the output of totalizer K2.The output of this comparator circuit H3 is added on the set terminal (S) of flip-flop circuit FF.Like this, usually the output signal of flip-flop circuit FF is " 0 ", selector switch S3 selects the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) of input, but, count the occasion that aggregate-value (relative address signal) has arrived halt address (SP) at pitch frequency, by comparator circuit H3 flip-flop circuit FF is provided signal, the output signal of flip-flop circuit FF becomes " 1 ", thereby selector switch S3 will select " 0 " rather than pitch frequency number (FNUM2).That is, arrived halt address (SP) if pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value, pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value and is just no longer added but keep certain value.That is, the propelling that in fact will make waveform read the address stops.

On the other hand, stand-by time (ST) is added on the input terminal of comparator circuit H4.Add the Counter Value of conduct on another input terminal of comparator circuit H4 from the output of counter CN1.Counter CN1 counts the occasion that aggregate-value (relative address signal) arrived halt address (SP) at pitch frequency and begins counting, comes relatively given Counter Value and the stand-by time (ST) of this counter CN1 by comparator circuit H4.Be added on the reseting terminal (R) of flip-flop circuit FF by OR circuit N3 between the touching pulse (KONP) that the output of comparator circuit H4 is exported when touching.Like this, pitch frequency is counted and is added the count value of calculating and the consistent words of stand-by time (ST) after aggregate-value (relative address signal) has arrived halt address (SP), just OR circuit N3 is provided signal by comparator circuit H4, from OR circuit N3 flip-flop circuit FF is provided reset signal again, the output signal of flip-flop circuit FF just becomes " 0 ", thereby the selector switch S3 pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that will select once more to import.Therefore, temporarily stop, after stand-by time (ST), pitch frequency is counted the aggregate-value pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that adds once more, thereby begin the propelling that waveform is read the address again from the propelling that makes waveform read the address.In addition, in the occasion of OR circuit N having been re-entered as the touching pulse (KONP) of the pulse signal that produces along with touching, FF provides " 0 " to selector switch S2 with regard to the slave flipflop circuit, from this constantly, begins accumulative total according to the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) that re-enters.

As mentioned above, it is corresponding that and pitch frequency generate corresponding with imported the pitch frequency number (FNUM2) of adding successively by each regular time interval counted the interior relative address of aggregate-value and the storage area of the basic waveform of having stored 1 periodic quantity.In order to read basic waveform, need count aggregate-value (relative address signal) to this pitch frequency and be converted to the specific address signal from waveform table WT.Therefore, totalizer K3 adds to the start address (SA) as specific address, is converted to the specific address signal thereby pitch frequency is counted aggregate-value (relative address signal).Visit waveform table WT according to specific address signal, the sampled data of the basic waveform (for example sine wave etc.) of the regulation of storing among the waveform table WT is responded and read from waveform table WT from this totalizer K3 output.

Like this, address generator AG reads address signal with rule time interval repetitive operation, accumulative total pitch frequency number (FNUM2) thereby produce waveform.As shown in figure 11, in the occasion that has provided halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST) as waveform parameter, at first the moment " t0 " reading from start address (SA) beginning sampling value data.By each predetermined rule time interval, measure and increase by the address suitable with pitch frequency number (FNUM2), but, arrived the moment " t4 " of halt address (SP) from this address value, by each predetermined rule time interval add " 0 ", replace pitch frequency number (FNUM2), thereby the address does not increase and becomes certain.And, from the moment " t6 " after through stand-by time (ST) moment " t4 " that the variation of address value has stopped, by each predetermined rule time interval, each measuring by the address suitable with pitch frequency number (FNUM2) increases once more, up to reaching address long (L).Generate the waveform of forming by the specific address of the amount of reading 1 periodic waveform like this and read address signal.In this occasion, the moment that arrives the address long (L) of 1 periodic waveform is " t12 ", read waveform with the same tone of occasion of reading waveform (with reference to Fig. 9 (a)) with temporarily not stopping waveform reading the propelling of address.That is, having when temporarily stopping, the pitch frequency number of having imported (FNUM1) directly as the occasion of address, in will the add amount of stand-by time (ST) of the moment of the address that arrives 1 periodic waveform long (L), is become " t14 ", tone will change, and is very undesirable.Therefore, in phase generator PG, carry out the revisal of pitch frequency number in advance,, also can keep the homogeneity of the tone of the waveform that generated even make and temporarily to have stopped the propelling that waveform is read the address.

Like this, according to reading the address from the waveform for example shown in Figure 11 of address generator AG output, WT reads basic waveform from waveform table, just can generate the waveform of waveform shape shown in Figure 12.Figure 12 is illustrated in the figure that has read an example of the sinusoidal wave waveform that occasion generated according to AG output waveform shown in Figure 11 from waveform table.Be appreciated that from this Figure 12, as mentioned above, according to halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST), the waveform that temporarily stops basic waveform being read the propelling of address, read the control of waveform like this, just can not change the tone of the waveform of being exported and only change waveform shape.Therefore, the user just can make the waveform shape generation great changes of original basic waveform read basic waveform by suitably setting above-mentioned halt address (SP) and stand-by time (ST), this waveform of reading is used for the frequency modulation (PFM) computing, just can generates the note signal of realizing multiple tone color simply with more complicated waveform shape.Like this, modulator OM shown in Figure 1 counts aggregate-value according to pitch frequency and reads basic waveform from waveform table WT, thereby produces modulation wave signal.On the other hand, Carrier OC counts aggregate-value according to pitch frequency and reads basic waveform from waveform table WT, thereby the generation carrier signal to adding from the modulation wave signal of said modulator OM output and the carrier signal of this generation, just can be exported the note signal of having modulated.

In addition, be as benchmark in the foregoing description the sampling spot (halt address (SP)) that provides as waveform parameter, from having arrived the time of sampling spot, the propelling that temporarily stops to read waveform address by the amount of stand-by time (ST), but be not limited thereto, also can be by the amount of the stand-by time that arrives sampling spot, temporarily stop the propelling that waveform is read the address from before time, begin the propelling that waveform is read the address again from the time that has arrived sampling spot.

In addition, the sampling spot of setting as halt address (SP) is not limited to 1, also can be a plurality of, respectively stops sampling spot whenever arriving this, just temporarily stops the propelling that waveform is read the address with reasonable time.In this occasion, can add up to the time that temporarily stops at this every bit that respectively stops sampling spot the time that forms as stand-by time (ST), also can set stand-by time arbitrarily separately to the every bit that respectively stops sampling spot.

Certainly, self-evident, in above-mentioned occasion, the circuit of realizing function Y1 will change according to above-mentioned each mode, this function Y1 is used to carry out following control: according to halt address (SP) on the address generator AG shown in Figure 10 and stand-by time (ST), the waveform that temporarily stops basic waveform being read the propelling of address.

In addition, in each above-mentioned embodiment, provided the simplest 1 frequency modulation (PFM) computing, use 2 time slots to be undertaken by 1 processor (arithmetic element) timesharing, but be not limited thereto, also can prepare a plurality of processors, select the algorithm of FM computing, the musical sound of the tone color of wishing synthetic by the connected mode of optionally switching each processor.

In addition, the circuit of the basic comprising of the processor shown in the foregoing description (with reference to Fig. 2), phase generator PG or address generator AG formation (with reference to Fig. 3 or Fig. 5, is an example Figure 10), is not limited to this.As mentioned above, processor is not limited to be made of special hardware circuit, also can be made of the software program of execution such as DSP (digital signal processor), CPU.In this occasion, the making software program in order to realize the mathematical algorithm shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Figure 10 etc., this procedure stores in the program storage (storage medium) of DSP, CPU.

In addition, self-evident, the sampling value data of the basic waveform of storing in advance in the memory storage can be the data of waveform sampling data modes such as PCM, DPCM, ADPCM.

In addition, in the above-described embodiments, provided the waveform that has produced has been used for the example of the note synthesizer of frequency modulation (PFM) computing type (FM mode), but be not limited thereto, also can be as the carrier signal of the note synthesizer of Modulation and Amplitude Modulation computing type (AM mode), modulation wave signal etc.

Also have, in the various embodiments described above, in the occasion of coming the revisal frequency number with augmenting factor E1, E2, do not exceed the frequency number FNUM1 tone of having imported in the original plan, but be not limited thereto, also can be as required, adjust on one's own initiative, change to tone with original different hope.

Claims (19)

1. Waveform generating apparatus is characterized in that having:

The basic waveform generation device of the sampled data of the sampling spot that the phase information with input in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation of 1 periodic quantity that generation is made up of a plurality of sampling spots is corresponding;

In order to change the waveform of described basic waveform, by the start address of the basic waveform of the regulation of above-mentioned 1 periodic quantity and the device that the point beyond the end address specifies at least 2 sampling spots;

Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the change device of the described frequency information of having obtained at least according to the interval of described 2 sampling spots that specified;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed; And

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that produces by described phase information generation device, propelling to the described phase information that produced by described phase information generation device is controlled, make the variation of the described phase information stride the interval between described at least 2 sampling spots that specified verbosely be repeated 1 time control device at least

According to the control that described control device carried out, the described phase information that has been produced by described phase information generation device is imported in the described basic waveform generation device, according to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device.

2. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, described control device is controlled the propelling of the described phase information that produced by described phase information generation device, make interval between described at least 2 sampling spots that specified, described phase information is turned back to contrary direction after positive dirction has advanced, and repeats so at least 1 time.

3. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 wherein, specifies the position that the device of described at least 2 sampling spots can change specially appointed these at least 2 sampling spots arbitrarily.

4. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, time number of described repetition is variable.

5. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, time number of described repetition is variable.

6. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described change device comprises according to the device that the interval of described 2 sampling spots that specified is generated revisal information as the function of the regulation of parameter at least, this revisal information is used for the above-mentioned frequency information of obtaining is carried out revisal, and 1 cycle that makes described basic waveform be out of shape the waveform that forms becomes the cycle of hope.

7. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, the cycle of described hope is corresponding with 1 cycle of the frequency that described frequency information is before changing set.

8. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, the function of described regulation is the function that the deferment factor based on the tediously long property in the interval between described at least 2 sampling spots that specified is compensated.

9. note synthesizer, modulate in the note synthesizer of modulation operation type of modulating device of waveform of the carrier wave that produces by described carrier wave generation device at the waveform of the modulating wave generation device with the waveform that produces modulating wave, the carrier wave generation device of waveform that produces carrier wave and the modulating wave that produces by described modulating wave generation device, it is characterized in that, at least one side of described modulating wave generation device and carrier wave generation device is made of following Waveform generating apparatus, and this Waveform generating apparatus has:

The basic waveform generation device of the sampled data of the sampling spot that the phase information with input in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation of 1 periodic quantity that generation is made up of a plurality of sampling spots is corresponding;

In order to change the waveform of described basic waveform, by the start address of the basic waveform of the regulation of above-mentioned 1 periodic quantity and the device that the point beyond the end address specifies at least 2 sampling spots;

Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the change device of the described frequency information of having obtained at least according to the interval of described 2 sampling spots that specified;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed; And

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that produces by described phase information generation device, propelling to the described phase information that produced by described phase information generation device is controlled, make the variation of the described phase information stride the interval between described at least 2 sampling spots that specified verbosely be repeated 1 time control device at least

According to the control that described control device carried out, the described phase information that has been produced by described phase information generation device is imported in the described basic waveform generation device, thereby, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device according to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation.

10. Waveform generating method is characterized in that having:

For the waveform of the basic waveform of the regulation that changes 1 periodic quantity of forming by a plurality of sampling spots, by the start address of the basic waveform of the regulation of above-mentioned 1 periodic quantity and the step that the point beyond the end address specifies at least 2 sampling spots;

Obtain the step of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the step of the described frequency information of having obtained at least according to the interval of described 2 sampling spots that specified;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the step of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed;

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that in the step that produces described phase information, produces, propelling to the described phase information that produces in the step that produces described phase information is controlled, make the variation of the described phase information stride the interval between described at least 2 sampling spots that specified verbosely be repeated 1 time step at least, and

The step of the sampled data of the sampling spot corresponding in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation that the described phase information that input has produced in producing the step of described phase information, output are made up of described a plurality of sampling spots with this phase information of having imported,

According to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed thus.

11. Waveform generating method according to claim 10, wherein, the step of described output is used for exporting with reference to storer or table the sampled data of the basic waveform of the described regulation corresponding with the described phase information of having imported.

12. a Waveform generating apparatus is characterized in that having:

The basic waveform generation device of the sampled data of the sampling spot that the phase information with input in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation of 1 periodic quantity that generation is made up of a plurality of sampling spots is corresponding;

Generation is used to change the device of waveform change parameter of the waveform of described basic waveform, and wherein, described waveform change parameter comprises the parameter that specifies at least 1 sampling spot and sets the stand-by time parameter of the time of keeping this sampling spot that has specified;

Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the change device of the described frequency information of having obtained according to described stand-by time parameter;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed; And

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that produces by described phase information generation device, propelling to the described phase information that produced by described phase information generation device is controlled, make the value indeclinable control device in time keep the described phase information corresponding by described stand-by time parameter setting with described at least 1 sampling spot that has specified

According to the control that described control device carried out, the described phase information that has been produced by described phase information generation device is imported in the described basic waveform generation device, thereby, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device according to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation.

13. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 12, wherein, the device that generates described waveform change parameter can change the parameter that specifies described at least 1 sampling spot and at least one side of described stand-by time parameter arbitrarily.

14. according to claim 12 or 13 described Waveform generating apparatus, wherein, described change device comprises according to the device that described stand-by time parameter is generated revisal information as the function of the regulation of parameter, this revisal information is used for the above-mentioned frequency information of obtaining is carried out revisal, and 1 cycle that makes described basic waveform be out of shape the waveform that forms becomes the cycle of hope.

15. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein, the cycle of described hope is corresponding with 1 cycle of the frequency that described frequency information is before changing set.

16. Waveform generating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein, the function of described regulation is the function that following deferment factor is compensated, and this deferment factor is based on value indeclinable deferment factor in the time by described stand-by time parameter setting of keeping the described phase information corresponding with described at least 1 sampling spot that has specified.

17. note synthesizer, modulate in the note synthesizer of modulation operation type of modulating device of waveform of the carrier wave that produces by described carrier wave generation device at the waveform of the modulating wave generation device with the waveform that produces modulating wave, the carrier wave generation device of waveform that produces carrier wave and the modulating wave that produces by described modulating wave generation device, it is characterized in that, at least one side of described modulating wave generation device and carrier wave generation device is made of following Waveform generating apparatus, and this Waveform generating apparatus has:

The basic waveform generation device of the sampled data of the sampling spot that the phase information with input in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation of 1 periodic quantity that generation is made up of a plurality of sampling spots is corresponding;

Generation is used to change the device of waveform change parameter of the waveform of described basic waveform, and wherein, described waveform change parameter comprises the parameter that specifies at least 1 sampling spot and sets the stand-by time parameter of the time of keeping this sampling spot that has specified;

Obtain the device of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the change device of the described frequency information of having obtained according to described stand-by time parameter;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the phase information generation device of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed; And

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that produces by described phase information generation device, propelling to the described phase information that produced by described phase information generation device is controlled, make the value indeclinable control device in time keep the described phase information corresponding by described stand-by time parameter setting with described at least 1 sampling spot that has specified

According to the control that described control device carried out, the described phase information that has been produced by described phase information generation device is imported in the described basic waveform generation device, thereby, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed from this basic waveform generation device according to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation.

18. a Waveform generating method is characterized in that having:

Generation is used to change the step of waveform change parameter of waveform of basic waveform of the regulation of 1 periodic quantity of being made up of a plurality of sampling spots, wherein, described waveform change parameter comprises the parameter that specifies at least 1 sampling spot and sets the stand-by time parameter of the time of keeping this sampling spot that has specified;

Obtain the step of frequency information of the frequency of the waveform that setting should produce;

Change the step of the described frequency information of having obtained according to described stand-by time parameter;

According to the described frequency information that has changed, produce the step of the phase information that changes with the ratio corresponding with this frequency information that has changed;

In 1 circulation of the variation of the described phase information that in the step that produces described phase information, produces, propelling to the described phase information that produces in producing the step of described phase information is controlled, make the value indeclinable step in time keep the described phase information corresponding by described stand-by time parameter setting with described at least 1 sampling spot that has specified, and

The step of the sampled data of the sampling spot corresponding in the sampled data of the basic waveform of the regulation that the described phase information that input has produced in producing the step of described phase information, output are made up of described a plurality of sampling spots with this phase information of having imported,

According to the described phase information of having controlled the propelling in 1 circulation, produce the waveform that described basic waveform distortion is formed thus.

19. Waveform generating method according to claim 18, wherein, the step of described output is used for exporting with reference to storer or table the sampled data of the basic waveform of the described regulation corresponding with the described phase information of having imported.

Images