CN1664135A - A kind of process method of smelting magnesium by thermite reduction of magnesium oxide - Google Patents
A kind of process method of smelting magnesium by thermite reduction of magnesium oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN1664135A CN1664135A CN 200510045888 CN200510045888A CN1664135A CN 1664135 A CN1664135 A CN 1664135A CN 200510045888 CN200510045888 CN 200510045888 CN 200510045888 A CN200510045888 A CN 200510045888A CN 1664135 A CN1664135 A CN 1664135A
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- magnesium
- reduction
- brucite
- added
- reaction formula
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an extraction method of nonferrous metal magnesium, in which dolostone(MgCO3, CaCO3), brucite (Mg(OH)2) and giobertite (MgOCO3) are chosen as raw material, metal aluminum as reducer. At first, said three raw materials are calcined respectively to produce magnesia. Magnesia reacts with reducer aluminum with chemical reaction formula: 21MgO+12CaO+14Al=12CaO.7Al2O3+21Mg, in which weight of each raw material accords to reaction formula. Raw materials are mixed, forced to ball and then added into reduction jar. Reduction jar is added into reduction furnace. Advantages of the invention: saving 20-50% of energy cost and increasing service life of reduction jar; reducing periodic time of reduction from 12h to 7-8h so as to increase output of single jar; increasing 30-90% of magnesium production; decreasing racial of raw material and magnesium; furnace slag having multiple use and reducing cost of magnesium manufacture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for extracting non-ferrous magnesium.
Background
At present, the main mineral containing magnesium oxide for the hot process of magnesium smelting is magnesite (the main chemical component is MgCO)3) Dolomite (MgCO)3、CaCO3) And brucite (Mg (OH)2). The Pidgeon process is widely used at home and abroad, namely, the calcined dolomite (MgO and CaO) is used as a raw material and the ferrosilicon (Si-Fe) is used as a reducing agent to smelt the magnesium. The method for smelting magnesium by adopting the Pidgeon process has the advantages of simplicity and long-term use, but has the following defects: the energy consumption is high, 13 tons of coal are needed for each ton of magnesium, the cost of the coal is continuously increased, the reduction period and the reduction time are long (10-12 hours are needed), the magnesium yield per unit is not high, each reduction tank can produce about 30Kg of magnesium, and the maximum defects are as follows: discharge of large amount of slag and CO2The method causes environmental pollution, and slag is difficult to treat, so that resources and energy are greatly wasted in the process of smelting magnesium by the Pidgeon process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the Pidgeon process for smelting magnesium, the invention aims to provide a process method for thermally reducing magnesium oxide, which effectively solves the problem of resource and energy waste by utilizing the original equipment of the Pidgeon process and adopting a reducing agent aluminum and using magnesium oxide-containing minerals (dolomite, magnesite and brucite) as raw materials.
The invention takes dolomite, magnesite and brucite as raw materials, takes aluminum as a reducing agent, and adopts the process method of thermal reduction of magnesia as follows:
(1) firstly, extracting magnesium oxide from the three reducing materials by calcination,
calcination chemical reaction formula:
dolomite (1)
Magnesite stone (2)
Brucite (3)
(1) The calcination temperature of the formula is 1200-1250 ℃;
(2) the calcination temperature of the formula is 650-1150 ℃;
(3) the calcining temperature of the formula is 650-1250 ℃.
(2) Magnesium oxide (MgO) is added into an aluminum reducing agent, a small amount of calcium oxide (CaO) is added into calcined magnesite and brucite in order to reduce the reduction temperature, and a chemical reaction formula of magnesium is extracted:
(3) the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows: raw materials with specified particle size (-0.15mm to-0.075 mm) andthe reducing agents (-0.25mm to-0.075 mm) were dosed according to the corresponding chemical reaction (4) to produce 1 ton of magnesium (Mg) with 1.66 ton of MgO, 1.17 ton of CaO and 0.74 ton of Al and 2.7 ton of slag (12 CaO.7Al)2O3). Mixing, briquetting, adding into a reduction tank, and adding into a reduction furnace. The reduction reaction temperature is 1100-1150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 1-23.3 Pa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the reduction temperature is reduced from 1200 ℃ to 1150-1100 ℃, namely the temperature is reduced by 50-100 ℃, which is beneficial to saving energy consumption by 20-50% and prolonging the service life of the reduction tank, the reduction period is reduced from 12h to 7-8 h, each reduction tank produces magnesium for 2 times to 3 times per day, the single-tank magnesium yield is increased, the magnesium yield is increased by 30-90%, the material magnesium ratio is reduced, the slag can be utilized, the slag has multiple purposes, and the current price of magnesium per ton can be respectively reduced by ￥ 800-3500 Yuan.
Detailed Description
A process for producing magnesium by aluminothermic reduction of magnesium oxide is described in connection with the examples;
example 1: aluminothermic reduction of dolomite for magnesium smelting
The chemical formula of dolomite is MgCO3.CaCO3. The dolomite contains 21.8% MgO and 30.4% CaO, the balance being CO2. In dolomite, MgO and CaO fluctuate, and impurities are contained.
The following chemical reactions occur in the dolomite after calcination:
the MgO.CaO produced by this reaction is called burnt dolomite (commonly called burnt dolomite).
The chemical reaction of thermal reduction of mgo.cao using aluminum (Al) as a reducing agent is shown in (2).
The contents of MgO and CaO in the calcined dolomite fluctuate, namely the contents of MgO and CaO are sometimes higher than a theoretical value and sometimes lower than the theoretical value, CaO is added when the content of MgO in the calcined dolomite is higher, and MgO is added when the content of CaO is higher. The mixture ratio of the aluminum to the calcined dolomite or the lime to the calcined brucite is 0.8-1.5: 7-14: 0-2 respectively. Grinding calcined dolomite or lime or calcined brucite, adding aluminum powder, briquetting (pressure 20-40MPa), and reducing to obtain magnesium. The reduction period is 8h, the reduction temperature is 1140-1150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 1-23.3 Pa.
Example 2: aluminothermic reduction and calcination of magnesite for smelting magnesium
The chemical formula of magnesite is MgCO3. Magnesite contains 47.82% MgO, 52.18CO2. Calcination of MgCO3The decomposition reaction is as follows:
in fact, the MgO in magnesite fluctuates and also contains impurities. When the aluminothermic method is used for reducing and calcining magnesite for smelting magnesium, CaO (lime) needs to be supplemented so as to meet the requirement of a chemical reaction formula (2).
The proportion of magnesite, limestone and aluminum is 3-6: 2-3: 0.8-1.5. Magnesite and limestone are mixed or calcined, ground, added with aluminum powder for proportioning, briquetted (pressure 20-40Mpa) and reduced to prepare magnesium. The reduction period is 8h, the reduction temperature is 1100 ℃ and 1150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 1-23.3 Pa.
Example 3: aluminothermic reduction of calcined brucite for smelting magnesium
Brucite has a chemical formula of Mg (OH)2.Theoretically, brucite contains 69.13% MgO. The decomposition reaction during calcination is as follows:
MgO in brucite fluctuates and also contains impurities. When the aluminothermic method is used for reducing and calcining brucite to smelt magnesium, CaO (lime) needs to be supplemented so as to meet the requirement of a chemical reaction formula (2).
The brucite, limestone and aluminum are prepared according to the following proportion respectively: 2-6: 0.8-1.5. The brucite and limestone are mixed and calcined or calcined respectively, ground, added with aluminum powder for proportioning, briquetted (the pressure is 20-40Mpa) and reduced to prepare magnesium. The reduction period is 8h, the reduction temperature is 1100 ℃ and 1150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 1-23.3 Pa.
Claims (2)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510045888 CN1664135A (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2005-02-18 | A kind of process method of smelting magnesium by thermite reduction of magnesium oxide |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510045888 CN1664135A (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2005-02-18 | A kind of process method of smelting magnesium by thermite reduction of magnesium oxide |
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| CN1664135A true CN1664135A (en) | 2005-09-07 |
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| CN 200510045888 Pending CN1664135A (en) | 2005-02-18 | 2005-02-18 | A kind of process method of smelting magnesium by thermite reduction of magnesium oxide |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942572A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-01-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium metal with vacuum reduction by using material with MgO/CaO molar ratio of more than 1 as raw material |
| CN101942573A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2011-01-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium metal and magnesia-alumina spinel from active magnesium oxide and aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN102817041A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-12-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium hydroxide, magnesium and magnesium aluminate spinel by bischofite |
| CN103374665A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | 昊青薪材（北京）技术有限公司 | Technology for preparing magnesium metal by magnesium oxide aluminothermic reduction method |
| US10047413B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2018-08-14 | Northeastern University | Method for smelting magnesium quickly and continuously |
| CN110055409A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of Smelting magnesium technique of exhaust gas waste residue recoverable |
| CN112267018A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 朱广东 | Aluminum magnesium co-production process |
| CN113789450A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-14 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method for producing magnesium metal through aluminothermic process |
-
2005
- 2005-02-18 CN CN 200510045888 patent/CN1664135A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942572A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-01-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium metal with vacuum reduction by using material with MgO/CaO molar ratio of more than 1 as raw material |
| CN101942573A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2011-01-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium metal and magnesia-alumina spinel from active magnesium oxide and aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN101942573B (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2011-09-14 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium metal and magnesia-alumina spinel from active magnesium oxide and aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| CN103374665A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-30 | 昊青薪材（北京）技术有限公司 | Technology for preparing magnesium metal by magnesium oxide aluminothermic reduction method |
| CN102817041A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-12-12 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing magnesium hydroxide, magnesium and magnesium aluminate spinel by bischofite |
| US10047413B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2018-08-14 | Northeastern University | Method for smelting magnesium quickly and continuously |
| CN110055409A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of Smelting magnesium technique of exhaust gas waste residue recoverable |
| CN112267018A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 朱广东 | Aluminum magnesium co-production process |
| CN113789450A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-14 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method for producing magnesium metal through aluminothermic process |
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