CN1653238A - Panelling with edging and laying aid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to components for the production of a covering, in particular for a floor. The components comprise panels (1, 2, 2a) which have coupling elements (3,12, 6, 14) embodied such that two panels (1, 2, 2a) can be joined perpendicular to the common joint (11) and simultaneously parallel to the surface (9) as well as perpendicular to the common surfaces (9) by means of a positive fit. A cord- or rod-like element (18, 22, 32) is arranged between the panels (1, 2, 2a) in a recess (11, 23) and is preferably introduced between the panels by means of a laying aid. Particularly large rooms can be provided with said covering. Novel optical effects can also be achieved when said cord- or rod-like element (18, 22, 32) is visible on the surface (9). The joint (11) also achieves a particularly good protection against moisture and dust.

Description

Edged panels and laying aids

The invention relates to a component set for the manufacture of paving. The component group comprises in particular a panel which can be joined to a second panel in a form-closed manner so that there is an interlock not only perpendicular to the common surface but also perpendicular to the common joint and simultaneously parallel to the common surface, if the panels The pavement used as floor or wall lining according to the present invention can dispense with glue.

The panels mentioned in the preamble are known, for example, from documents US 6324803 B1 or EP 0698162 B1. The known panels are positively interlocked with a second panel perpendicular to the common surface of the panels by means of a groove-and-groove connection. The slot includes an upper edge and a lower edge. The lower edge is longer than the upper edge and has protruding interlocking portions at the ends. In the connected state, the protruding interlocking portions engage in a recess formed below the adjacent panel. A form-closed interlock is thereby achieved, which interlocking action is parallel to the common surface of the two panels and at the same time perpendicular to the common seam of the two panels.

In the interlocked state of the two panels, a gap is left between the protruding interlocking portion and the groove, whereby essentially one panel can be moved by small amounts relative to the other along the common joint. The transition from the protruding side to the interlocking portion extends vertically. That is to say that the interlocking portion protrudes vertically along the height. The recesses below adjacent panels have walls that extend perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. Thus in the interlocked state a vertically extending wall or contact surface of the groove meets a vertically extending wall or contact surface of the protruding interlocking portion. This ensures that the panels cannot be erroneously detached from one another when they are exposed to high forces in the laid state.

The gap is also still necessary so that, despite the aforementioned vertical walls, two panels can be connected, for example, by a swivel movement about a common connecting seam. In the aforementioned document it is stated that a gap of 2/10 mm may exist.

The materials which can be used to produce panels of the type mentioned in the introduction are in principle optional. However, the invention relates in particular to panels which are entirely or mainly made of wood products. In a parquet floor the panels can be made entirely of wood. As an alternative, the parquet floor can comprise a carrier board, which is made, for example, of HDF or MDF. Add one or more layers of parquet on top of the support board. A coating or a sheet of paper can be added under the support plate in order to cause a counter-tension to avoid deformation. Furthermore, panels are known which can be connected to each other without glue, which are entirely or mainly made of plastic, for example see document US 04426820.

The invention also particularly relates to a laminated plastic floor. It includes a support board made of wood products. HDF or MDF are currently preferred as wood products. Another typical wood product consists of bonded wood chips. A decorative layer is applied on top of the support plate, which includes a decorative paper and a protective layer. The protective layer consists in particular of a resin which contains especially wear-resistant particles such as corundum or SiC. Add a layer of anti-tension paper under the support plate to avoid the above deformation.

One symptom of this is the emphasis on engineered laminated plastics and their increasing use as panels. These panels are used in particular as floor coverings.

The paper, which has been impregnated with resin during manufacture, is fed into a press together with a support plate. Under conditions of heat and pressure, the paper is bonded to the support sheet. Here, the decorative paper already has a layer containing wear-resistant particles.

A panel of the type according to the invention may comprise one or more of the above-mentioned features.

The professional world realizes that the aforementioned gaps are detrimental, since dust and moisture can penetrate them. A gap of this kind also creates a negative impression in terms of appearance, since a gap may be created in the surface.

In order to avoid such gaps, a panel is known, for example, from EP 0843763 B1, in which instead of the above-mentioned vertical contact surfaces obliquely running contact surfaces are used. These ramps are designed such that two panels can be connected to each other, for example by a swivel movement about a common connecting seam, without leaving a gap on the surfaces of the two panels due to play. It is also known from this document that the protruding lower lip is designed to be elastic in order to be able to carry out the connection by displacement in one plane.

Although in the above prior art the play which is considered harmful in the common joint is avoided, moving a panel which is connected to a second panel, for example via a longitudinal side, obviously requires a large force to be applied along the common joint . Usually the force applied is so great that tools such as hammers and hammered blocks of wood have to be used for this. In this case damage to the panels may result.

Due to the inclined contact surfaces of the grooves and the elastic lips or sides, the panels can not only be connected to one another by displacement in one plane, but can also be detached again in this way. It is not desirable for two panels already installed to be able to detach from each other again under the corresponding force. This problem arises especially with two lips of equal length and the interlocking part inside the groove which results in interlocking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the joint, i.e. the interlocking part should be designed small because There is not much available space, as is known from German utility model DE 29823749 U1.

The use of two lips of equal length has the following advantages over the prior art which has a long protruding lip.

On the one hand, material is saved during production, specifically in comparison with the prior art in which one side or lip of the groove protrudes relative to the other side of the groove. On the other hand the tenon fits very reliably in the groove. In addition, users have a very good level of confidence in the groove-and-tenon system with equal sides.

The object of the present invention is to provide a set of components for the manufacture of paving, in particular panels of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which some of the advantages of a panel can be obtained, which can be connected with a second panel with a gap connection, but at the same time in the laid state no unwanted penetration of harmful dust and moisture into the joints can occur. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to provide a laying aid for a component group or panel according to the invention and to provide a laying method.

The object of the invention is achieved by a component group, in particular a panel, having the features of claim 1 , as well as a laying aid and a method as described in the other independent independent claims. Advantageous further developments can be found in each case from their respective subclaims.

According to the invention, there is a groove between two glue-free interlocking panels, in which, in the final laid state, there is a rope-like or rod-shaped element, which in particular consists of a compressible material. Polytetrafluoroethylene can be used, for example, as flexible material. However, a material with good elasticity is preferred. Therefore, the cord-like or rod-like elements are made of rubber. However, silicone is preferred over rubber, since silicone has a greater proper restoring force than rubber. The greater restoring force of silicone than rubber has proven to be advantageous.

Providing a gap or groove between two panels allows one panel to move easily along a common joint even when there should not be a gap between the two panels. But the presence of clearance is preferred to ensure this easy mobility. A gap of a few 1/100mm is sufficient for this purpose.

The aforementioned gaps or grooves are produced in particular on the surfaces of the two panels, which form the visible part of the floor or wall lining. The rope-like or rod-like elements are thus visible from the surface. In the interlocked state, the cord-like or rod-like element is dimensioned in particular such that it completely fills the width of the gap. Advantageously, the cord-like or rod-like element is wider. It is therefore inside the gap in the compressed state.

By providing a gap or groove between the panels in which the cord-like or rod-like elements are located, the friction is reduced especially compared to those panels where the interlocking parts are integrally connected to the panels and are made of a wood product production. It is thus possible according to the invention to produce, for example, panels which are connected in one piece with the panels, which are made of wood products and which can still be moved comparatively easily along the common connecting seam when two panels are interlocked. As a by-product, new design possibilities also arise if the thread-like or rod-like slots are provided on the visible surface. In the seam area, for example, a black rubber or silicone material can be seen. Furthermore, the surfaces of the panels have a strong contrast for this purpose. It brings a new visual effect not seen before especially in the case of laminated plastic panels. If a less obtrusive appearance is desired, the cord or rod element, if it is visible, should be colored to match the visible surface. There are also ornaments, which have a colored border or colored edge on the surface of each panel. In contrast, the customer can freely choose the color of the border and also change it afterwards. For example, the appearance of already installed panels can be changed at relatively little expense, without having to remove the floor covering. The recess formed on the surface by two adjacent panels therefore offers the possibility of easily changing the visual impression, in addition to the advantage of technically easy mobility.

From the surface, the cord-like or rod-like element can subsequently be pressed or introduced into the slot or groove. However, it is also possible, in particular if the cord-like or rod-like element is made of a compressible material, to already be connected to the panel. However, the subsequent insertion of a separate cable-like or rod-shaped element into the gap has the advantage that the panel can be moved particularly easily, as long as the cable-like or rod-shaped element has not yet been inserted.

Vertical or undercut contact surfaces may be provided if there is a gap between the protruding interlocking portion and the corresponding groove. Thus the rope-like or rod-like element, if delivered already connected to a panel in the factory, is slightly compressed during connection. Despite the vertical contact surfaces, the connection can still be successfully achieved, for example, by pivoting about the common connection seam.

Undercuts can even be provided in the protruding interlocking portions and grooves. If the interconnected panels are pressed apart parallel to the floor surface, the aforementioned contact surfaces hook into each other with correspondingly provided interlocking portions and correspondingly provided grooves. By moving in a plane perpendicular to the connecting seam, it is not possible to disengage the interlocking or connecting parts without damage. The undesired detachment mentioned in the prior art under unintentional force is avoided even if, for example, a protruding side of the groove is designed at the end with an elastic interlocking part. That is to say, if although the groove has an elastic lip, it should achieve particularly reliable interlocking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to a common joint, then such contact surfaces are preferred, that is, they are undercut or at least perpendicular to the surface.

If the contact surface extends obliquely in the manner described in the preamble as known from document EP 0843763 B1, then preferably a protruding underside edge or lip of the groove is designed rigidly so as to cause the Reliable connection of common seams. If a particularly secure connection between the laid panels is desired, the protruding lip is designed to be rigid even in the case of a vertically extending contact surface, so that it is not possible to move it in a plane perpendicular to the joint disengage. The remaining connection parts are also designed to be rigid if required. This is, for example, a tenon which, together with the groove, leads to an interlock perpendicular to the common surface of the panels.

If the panels are interlocked first, and only then a gap exists, the cord-like or rod-like element can then be inserted from above into the resulting gap or groove, so that it can be moved particularly easily along the connecting seam with little effort. The possibility of moving the already interlocked panels along the common joint seam is desirable in particular when two panels have already been joined on two longitudinal sides and the narrow side should now be joined again. This method is known, for example, from document EP 0855482 B1. This embodiment is advantageous in particular if the connection generally requires that the panels can be moved along the common connection seam despite the interlocking state: the rope-like or rod-like element is inserted or pressed into the seam last from above .

The cord-like or rod-like elements typically have a diameter or width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm, particularly preferably at least 2 mm. The width usually does not exceed 10mm unless a larger width is desired for cosmetic reasons. Preferably the width is less than 5 mm, particularly preferably less than 3 mm. In principle, however, smaller or larger widths or diameters can be used, for example for reasons of appearance.

The gap in which the cord-like or rod-shaped element is situated usually has a slightly smaller width than the cord-like or rod-shaped element, especially if the gap is to be compensated or the penetration of dust and moisture into the connecting gap is to be prevented. The string-like or rod-like element is thus slightly compressed in the slot and is thus fixed in the slot. But the gaps can also have the same width. It is only to be avoided that the gap has a width greater than the width or diameter of the rope or rod-shaped element, because otherwise an undesired gap will be left in the surface, and if the rope or rod-shaped element is inserted from the surface it will Comes off easily. A press fit of the cord-like or rod-like element in the gap is preferred, since this ensures a gap-free condition and fixes the cord-like or rod-like element.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rope-like or rod-like element is situated between two surfaces which cause the interlocking in the interlocked state. This can be, for example, the surface referred to here as the contact surface. The cord-like element is thus in particular made of an elastic material, such as rubber or silicone. Before the two panels are interlocked, the cord or rod-like element is placed against one of the above-mentioned interlocking surfaces. The cord-like or rod-like element then lies in particular partly in a groove and is pressed further or even completely into this groove when the panels are interlocked. For example, one panel is locked in a second panel by a swivel movement or a sinking movement known, for example, from document DE 20008708 U1. At the same time, the cord or rod-shaped element is pressed into the groove. Due to the gap, one of the panels can now be moved further in the direction of the other. This frees the slot again. The cord or rod-like element relaxes and enters between the two (contact) surfaces, causing them to interlock.

If, for example, a protruding side is provided which transitions at the end into the interlocking part at a right angle, the above-mentioned groove is preferably directly in front of the transition region of the unlocking part. Rope or rod-like elements are placed in this groove or have been placed there by early vulcanization at the factory.

It is expedient in the above-described embodiments that even in the relaxed state of the cord-like or rod-like element, gaps or grooves remain on the surface. A second string-like or rod-like element is then inserted into this gap. As an alternative, a cord-like or rod-like element of compressible material can already be added to the surface on the abutting edge of a panel. This can advantageously be used to achieve the above-mentioned design effects or to compensate for virtually unavoidable stresses, especially in wood.

If the first and second rope-like or rod-like elements are arranged in a connecting seam between two panels, then here again there is an advantage that the surface panels can first be slightly pressed against each other by means of a suitable tool. open. This provides a place where a string-like or rod-like element can be inserted without difficulty. Once the cord-like or rod-like element has been substantially inserted, the tool is removed. The cord-like or rod-like element between the two interlocking contact surfaces then relaxes so that a gap is left on the surface.

If a rope-like or rod-like element is arranged inside the connecting seam between the two contact surfaces to realize the interlock, an embodiment can be realized, according to which the connection of two panels is to make the connecting part of one panel It is first inserted into the connecting portion of the second panel by a vertical movement relative to the subsequent common surface of the two panels. In this case the cord-like or rod-like elements can be pressed into corresponding grooves, for example. The panels are then moved closer to each other. According to a suitable design, when moving towards each other, a tenon can enter a groove and thus cause an interlock perpendicular to the common surface. Finally, the aforementioned cord or rod-like element relaxes and enters between the two interlocking contact surfaces.

The cord or rod-like elements may have a circular or triangular diameter. However, if it is inserted last from the surface, it is advantageous if the rope-like or rod-like element is designed as a hook on two opposite sides. These hooks act as barbs when the cord-like or rod-like element is pressed into the slot from above accordingly. If the cord-like or rod-shaped element is pressed into the gap, the visible surface of the cord-like or rod-shaped element is designed flat in order to produce a flush finish with the remaining surface of the panel.

Contrary to the apparent plane of the cord-like or rod-like element, for example curved grooves can be used in order to better press the oblique hooks into the slots.

A press fit can advantageously be achieved in the embodiment of the lower groove with hooks and arches.

The cord-like or rod-like element advantageously comprises a wire which is practically incapable of elongation and expansion. The wire is then substantially covered with a compressible material. This ensures that the rope-like or rod-like element made of a compressible material cannot be detrimentally expanded by being pressed into the slot or groove. If the cord or rod-like element expands initially, it re-contracts in the interlocked state. In this case, undesired regions that are not filled with the string-like or rod-like elements result in the grooves or gaps.

For particularly simple laying, at least two opposite sides of a panel have interlocking parts in which the connection is achieved by firstly sinking one panel vertically relative to the other. Here one of the panels is arranged parallel to the second panel. Especially in the case of rectangular surfaces of the panels, the narrow sides are designed with such interlocking portions. The longitudinal sides are preferably designed such that the connection usually requires a rotational movement about the connection seam. If one panel is connected to the longitudinal side of a second panel by means of a pivoting movement, the narrow side can simultaneously enter into a corresponding interlocking or connecting part of an already laid panel. In this case, it is also the narrow side of the panel that has already been laid. Depending on the embodiment, it may then be necessary to move those panels that are already connected to one another via the narrow sides closer to one another by a small amount. Typically, this last movement may be limited to a few 1/10 mm. In this way, the movement to the final position is kept small compared to the prior art mentioned in the introduction. Accordingly, the time required for laying can be reduced. It is also possible to envisage a method of laying panels which involves movement which is particularly undesirable especially when a panel is initially in the vicinity of a wall. Because it is almost impossible to place a tool between the panel and the wall in order to be able to carry out this movement with the aid of the tool. Furthermore, a panel should be located as close as possible to the door frame, for example because the door frame can also be particularly undesirable to move if there is a small bulge in the room. It is therefore particularly advantageous that the panels can be connected to each other by a lowering movement. The narrow side can for example be designed according to the method known from document DE 20008708 U1, as long as the connection part known from the document can be connected by sinking.

The cord-like or rod-like element can have a substantially rectangular or square cross-section, so as to be able to result in a flush finish with the surface.

The cord or rod-like elements of the present invention have the desired elasticity or flexibility where the width or diameter can be reduced by compression. Solid materials like metal or wood are incompressible.

It is advantageous for the panels to be dimensioned as required, since they can be easily handled. Dimensions of less than 100 cm are particularly advantageous, since the panels can be transported without problems even in the luggage compartment of large cars.

If two rope- or rod-shaped elements are provided, they are preferably designed such that no gaps are left on the surface due to the restoring force generated by the rope- or rod-shaped elements. It is therefore advantageous if the cord-like or rod-like element adjoining the visible surface of the panel induces relatively low restoring forces. The panels are thus not undesirably pressed too far apart from one another. The restoring force can be appropriately adjusted by choosing the material from which the cord-like or rod-like element is made. Additionally or alternatively, the cross section can be chosen appropriately. Thus, a cord-shaped or rod-shaped element indicated adjacently preferably has a larger area in cross-section than another cord-shaped or rod-shaped element.

According to another embodiment, the cord-like or rod-like element promotes the interlocking of the two panels in one of the mentioned directions, for example perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. In particular, when the cord-like or rod-like element is inserted into a corresponding groove, the two panels are interlocked parallel and at the same time perpendicular to the joint joint.

In the embodiment in which the insertion of a cord-like or rod-like element results in the interlocking of the two panels, there may still be vertical or undercut contact surfaces. A connection that remains even without the application of force is thus successfully achieved. In order to obtain vertical contact surfaces, they allow the interlocking of the two panels eg parallel to the surface and at the same time perpendicular to the common seam, in the simplest case the cord-like or rod-like elements have a rectangular cross-section. The connecting portion of the two panels that are to be connected comprises a groove that also has a rectangular cross-section. If, for example, two panels are combined by shifting in one plane, there eventually exists a limit position where the two aforementioned grooves with rectangular cross-section adjoin each other. They thus form a channel of rectangular cross-section. A string-like or rod-like element is then inserted into this channel. If the cord or rod-like element is wide enough and high enough, the two panels interlock without gaps. The contact surfaces leading to a form-tight interlocking run vertically.

In the mentioned prior art connection based on a groove-and-mortise connection, an elastic lip or side is provided and further interlocking parts are included in order to be able to achieve a form-closed connection by movement in one plane, where In this case, especially if the material is relatively rigid, damage may occur. This is the case especially when the connecting parts are made of wood products, for example HDF or MDF. This possible susceptibility to damage of the connecting parts is avoided in the embodiment described above. Connections can be mechanically very stable, since vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be made. Even when the contact surfaces extend obliquely as known from document EP 00843763 B1, a mechanically stable connection can be achieved because no elastic sides are required and the interlocking parts can protrude farther.

If the side protruding is established in the disclosed way of document EP 00843763 B1, then it can be relatively short, because it does not deflect downward when connecting. This correspondingly saves material, so that there is a cost advantage here.

In the prior art disclosed in the German utility model DE 29823749 U1, two equal-length sides are proposed. A groove for interlocking is inside the slot. A corresponding protruding interlocking portion is in place on the tenon of the second panel. Considering the space position and production conditions, the interlocking part protrudes only slightly and extends obliquely. Correspondingly, a groove is formed and dimensioned inside the groove. The resulting form-closed connection parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connection seam is relatively mechanically unstable. In this embodiment, such instabilities are avoided, for example, by vertical or relatively steep contact surfaces, in which case an embodiment is used in which the grooves functioning as connecting parts have sides of equal length.

In order to obtain an undercut contact surface in the embodiment in which the insertion of the rope-like or rod-shaped element leads to the interlocking of the two panels, the rope-like or rod-shaped element has, for example, a constriction in cross-section. The grooves in the connecting parts, into which the cord-like or rod-like elements are inserted for the interlocking faces, suitably have corresponding cross-sections.

In order for the cord or rod-like element to be inserted into the groove of the connecting part to interlock the two panels, the cord-like or rod-like element preferably has a smooth surface so that the sliding friction generated during the insertion process remains low. Small. The cord-like or rod-like elements are therefore made in particular from a non-compressible or slightly compressible material, so that gaps are avoided on the surface of the panel even if no additional cord-like or rod-like elements are to be inserted into the surface. Therefore, polytetrafluoroethylene should be suitable as a material for the rope-like or rod-like element or its surface. HDF, MDF likewise have a smoother surface and can therefore likewise be used with preference. Rods made of metal or with a metal surface also have a smooth surface and can therefore be preferably used.

In order to be able to thread and then insert the cord-like or rod-shaped element into the groove of the connecting part, the cord-like or rod-shaped element is advantageously retractable at at least one end.

This embodiment is preferred in that it is provided that the insertion of rope-like or rod-like elements on the narrow sides of the panels causes the interlocking of two panels which have rectangular surfaces. The panels are then connected to each other on the longitudinal sides, in particular by means of a swivel movement. Only the narrow sides of the already laid panels need then be moved closer to each other. Finally, a cord-like or rod-like element is inserted on the corresponding narrow side. It is preferable to interpose the narrow sides of the cord-like or rod-like elements between them for interlocking, since the distance here is relatively short. The rope-like or rod-like elements which are to be inserted for the corresponding interlocking of the two panels are also correspondingly shorter.

The embodiment in which the insertion of a thread-like or rod-like element leads to the interlocking of the two panels can be combined in one panel with the connecting parts known from the prior art for producing a glue-free connection. Particularly preferred is a panel with, for example, a rectangular surface, which is preferably designed on the longitudinal sides in such a way that it can be joined to a second panel without glue by means of a swivel movement, so that no gaps remain between the panels. Such an embodiment is known from WO 01/48332. In particular, this embodiment comprises a protruding rigid lower lip or side to obtain a mechanically stable connection. Then, on the other side of the panels, that is to say in particular on the narrow side, an embodiment in which a rope-like or rod-like element is inserted causes the two panels to interlock. First, the first and second panels are connected to each other by means of a rotational movement. The second panel is then moved along the joint joint to an adjacent panel already connected to the first panel. Preferably, the second and third panels are ultimately connected to each other by inserting a cord-like or rod-like element into a channel formed by a groove in the corresponding connecting portion.

According to the invention, it may be a parquet floor or a laminated plastic panel. It can be square or prolate. It can be made from wood, wood products such as MDF or HDF, from stone, plastic, clay, ceramic, metal, etc. Thus with the invention it is possible to lay floating floors even with stone blocks.

A method of laying paving elements or panels includes the following steps.

The first panels have already been laid. It has protruding underside edges on the sides. A slot-like recess is in the protruding side. A rope (or rod) is either placed in the groove or a groove inside the groove, and the rope (or rod) can be elastically deformed in the radial direction. The rope or rod is preferably formed from a string of a slightly elastic material, which is covered with an elastic material such as glue. The rope (or rod) does not change its length based on this chord. The second panel leans one side, preferably its longitudinal side, for example against this first panel, and connects the already laid panels by being rotated into the common panel plane so that they are parallel to the common panel plane. Surfaces and joints perpendicular to the common joint are connected to each other in a form-closed manner. Depending on the embodiment, the connection can also be realized by sinking one panel relative to the other.

The second panel leans against the longitudinal edge of the first panel and is connected thereto by swiveling or sinking in the manner described above.

The other side of the panels, usually the narrow side to be exact, is designed such that the interlocking portions engage each other when one of the panels is lowered relative to the other. When the above-mentioned two panels are positioned accordingly, they are already interlocked in the sunken state, which results in the interlocking of the two panels parallel to the common surface and perpendicular to the common joining seam. The two panels are then moved closer to each other. At this point, the tenon of one of the panels enters the groove of the other panel. The two panels are thus also connected to each other perpendicular to the floor plane. If necessary, the last two panels laid are moved in the direction of the panels already laid, thereby creating a conventional groove-and-tenon joint. With this traditional groove-and-tenon connection, the two panels interlock in a form-tight manner perpendicular to the common surface.

The lip protruding from the flank also has the groove already described above. In the pushed-together state of the two panels, a cord-like or rod-like element, for example in the form of a round rubber, can be inserted into the channel formed by the aforementioned groove and the last-mentioned panel. Their dimensions are especially chosen to leave a gap between the round rubber and the above-mentioned channel. Thus, the insertion of the cord-like or rod-like element can be done very simply.

Use a tool that can basically be designed in the shape of a cuboid. A channel runs through the cuboid. The channel begins in particular at one end side, since this end side is generally not blocked during the tool use. The channel terminates at the underside, precisely in the vicinity of the other end side of the cuboid. The channels preferably have a rectangular cross-section. The cross section is elongated. The longer side extends from bottom to top. This tool is used as a laying aid for the laying of panels.

A tenon protrudes from the underside of the tool. The tenon is located below the channel. Tenon shrinks in a downward (viewed from the tool) and/or forward direction. The term "rear" or "rearward" refers to the direction towards that end side which is adjacent to the channel region which terminates at the underside. According to one embodiment, the tenon has a first front region which is narrower than the subsequent rear region. The narrower regions may be approximately twice the length of the thicker regions. The front end of the tenon can be further narrowed compared to the narrower area, so as to facilitate the operation described below, that is to say, to facilitate the insertion of the tenon of the laying aid in the gap of the joint, which is formed by two inserts combined in the above-mentioned way. board composition. The retraction to the rear is used so that the laying aid can finally be easily pulled out of the seam again.

The width of the tenon is firstly dimensioned outwards, in particular downwards or forwards, so that the tenon can be inserted into the gap, at least such a gap is left on the surfaces of the two assembled panels. If, for example, the tenon shrinks downwards sufficiently, the tenon can be inserted into the above-mentioned gap by sinking from above. If the tenon is correspondingly contracted forward, this contraction is inserted into the gap and thus places the tenon between the panels. The wider area of the tenon should be dimensioned in such a way that the two panels are pressed away from each other when the tenon is inserted further between the panels. By pressing away from each other, the rope-like or rod-like elements initially inserted into the groove are compressed.

A cord-shaped or rod-shaped element, preferably made of silicone, preferably having an approximately rectangular cross section, is preferably inserted from the end side into the channel of the laying aid. They are dimensioned such that the width of the string-like element and the width of the channel are matched to each other. Furthermore, the height of the cord-like elements is coordinated with the height of the channel. Leave a small gap between the cord-like element and the channel.

Due to this clearance, the string-like element can be inserted through the tool without difficulty and emerge again underneath behind the tenon. Furthermore, the dimensions of the rectangular cross section are chosen such that the string-like element cannot rotate within the channel.

If the string-like element has been passed through the tool, the tenon is inserted through a constriction into the gap between the first and second panel. Thus, for example, it is at the beginning of the seam, where the thread-like element is to be inserted into the seam.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tool is provided with rollers in order to run the tool smoothly along the joint by means of the rollers. Otherwise the tool slides on the panel. In this case there is a risk that the surface of the panel may be damaged.

If the laying aid is moved or driven along the joint between the panels and at the same time the tenon is in the joint gap, the panels are first pressed apart from each other by the wider area of the tenon. Thus, the first cord-like or rod-like element, for example of circular cross-section and made of rubber (round rubber), which has been placed in the groove, is compressed. The wider area of the tenon is dimensioned such that the second string-like element protruding from the underside of the laying aid enters the connecting joint without difficulty. A small gap is therefore preferably left between the string-like element and the panels pressed apart so that the string-like element can be easily inserted into the connecting seam. This means that the thread-like element usually enters the connecting seam from above.

If the tool continues to run along the joint, the joint joint behind the laying aid is slightly closed again due to the pressure brought about by the compressed first rope-like or rod-like element. If the connecting seam is slightly closed again, the cable-like element is fixed between the two panels by form-locking and/or friction-locking due to suitably defined dimensions and/or shape.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the tool has a roller at the rear end, which rolls over the connecting seam. This ensures that a smooth transition is achieved on the surface between the panel and the cable-like element.

According to one embodiment, the laying aid is driven until the first transverse joint is reached. An eccentric element moves laterally parallel to the transverse seam between the second and third panels. For this purpose, a slot or a channel-shaped recess is provided, into which the elongated eccentric element can be inserted. It is inserted in such a way that the narrow side of the eccentric element (eccentric) is adjacent to the two panels. They should be dimensioned in such a way that the eccentric element can be easily inserted. According to one embodiment, a gap can be left between the eccentric element and the two panels for this purpose.

If the eccentric element has been pushed between the two panels, the eccentric element is rotated by approximately 90° by means of a lever movement. This widens the gap of the joint, which is located between the second and third panel on the surface of the narrow side. In this case, the cord-like or rod-like element which was previously inserted into the transverse slot is compressed.

The eccentric element can be bent at one end so that this bent end can be inserted into a lateral groove in one of the two panels. Therefore, the position rotated by 90° is held stably. Otherwise, it should be ensured by other means that the eccentric element remains in the rotated position. For example, the eccentric element can be fixed manually.

A further cord-like element with a preferably substantially rectangular cross-section is pressed from above into the groove between the second and third panel on the lateral side. Lateral sides are especially narrow sides when the panels are rectangular. Then, the eccentric turns back to the starting position again. The groove on the narrow side closes slightly and at the same time relaxes the previously compressed string-like or rod-like element, preferably a round rubber. The cord-like or rod-like element, which preferably has a rectangular cross-section, is now fixed between the second and third panels. This fixation can be achieved by positive and/or frictional closure.

The eccentric is pulled out of the channel. The laying aid continues to drive until the next transverse joint is reached. In this way, the seam is provided with a cord-like element visible from above until the periphery of the panel is completely surrounded by the cord-like or rod-like element.

It has been found that the panels according to the invention can be installed over large areas without expansion joints being necessary in the floor covering.

In one design, the laying aid has a recess on the side. During laying, the laying aid is driven in such a way that the groove is aligned with the seam which originates from the lateral side, in particular the narrow side. The groove is used to allow the rope or rod-shaped element to be inserted from the lateral side without difficulty until the rope or rod-shaped element has completely reached the rope or rod-shaped element inserted into the seam with the aid of the laying aid .

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the tenon below the laying aid is designed to taper downwards along its entire length, so that the tenon can be inserted into the joint from above. This is advantageous especially when the wall limits access to the joint from the side.

According to a refinement of the invention, there is a constriction or a stepped constriction in the downward direction in the groove adjacent to the upper side of the two panels. The laying aid (boat) with its underlying tenon is coordinated with this groove so that the pressing of the two panels apart from each other is only possible due to the pressure exerted in the lower region, ie in the constriction or constriction region.

Even in the compressed or relaxed state of the inserted rope-like or rod-like element, which may be in particular in the form of a round rubber, the tenon of the laying aid is preferably still in the upper region inside the joint with play. This ensures that the upper edge of the panel is not subjected to mechanical loads, in particular when the laying aid is pulled out of the joint. Otherwise the upper edge may be undesirably damaged and thus spoil the appearance.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, there is a recess in the interior of the joint between the two panels, in particular above the above-mentioned constriction or step-like constriction. If the string-like element has been inserted into the connecting seam, this recess is filled, in particular due to the laterally protruding projections on the string-like or rod-shaped element. This results in a better fixation of the string-like or rod-like element in the seam, in particular due to the shape closure. As a result, the cord-like or rod-like element sits particularly securely between the two panels.

According to a simple, particularly cost-effective embodiment of the invention, a laying aid is used which can be designed essentially in the form of a cuboid. A tenon protrudes from one side of the cuboid. Tenons are designed in the manner described above. With this tool it was possible to expand the panels so that a cord or rod-shaped element can be inserted into the joint between two panels without having to overcome frictional forces. If the tool is pulled out again, the seam closes again a short distance, thereby securing the cord or rod-like element between the two panels. This simplified design of the laying aid also allows it to be moved along the joint. Behind the laying aid, rope-like or rod-like elements can be manually inserted into the expansion area.

Rope-like or rod-like elements inserted on the lateral or narrow sides should have at least the covering length of the transverse seam (Deckmaβlange) in order to obtain a closed surface. This covering length (Deckma βlange) can typically exceed about 1 mm when the lateral sides are about 20 cm long. The laying aid can have a suitable cutting device, into which the rope-like or rod-like elements can be inserted and cut to the exact dimensions mentioned above. For this purpose, the laying aid has, for example, a channel into which the rope-shaped or rod-shaped element can be inserted, in particular with little play. The cross-section of the channel is adapted to the rope-like or rod-like element. The cutting tool is designed such that it cuts the string-like element to the desired length, for example by pressing it down. This cutting tool can also be produced separately from the laying aid as a separate tool.

The material of the laying aid can be a metal, for example aluminum. However, in order to be able to produce an inexpensive laying aid, it is preferably produced from plastic by injection molding.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the laying aid has a relatively wide roller on the upper or end side. If there are some rollers on the underside, it is preferably significantly wider than those on the underside. The rollers on the upper side or end side are used to finally roll over the connecting seam again. A correction can be made if the cord-like or rod-like elements protrude undesirably by a small amount from the seam. The rollers on the laying aid for exerting pressure on the cord-like element to place the cord-like element correctly in the joint seam are preferably made of a hard material. One metal in particular.

The rollers on the bottom of the laying aid preferably protrude to such an extent that the distance between the bottom of the laying aid and the panel is small. In one embodiment, this distance is, for example, only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. This has the advantage that the front wheels of the merely guiding laying aid are also produced from a hard material. The material should in any case have only a slight compressibility in order to maintain a distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm between the base of the laying aid and the surface of the panel.

If square panels are used, the laying method is basically the same, although there is no difference between longitudinal and transverse joints. Insert rubber along a seam with the aid of a laying aid. The seams running transversely to it are pressed apart from one another by means of an eccentric, and the string-like element is inserted from above.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an adhesive is used, by means of which the string-like element is better fixed in the seam. The adhesive may have been applied to the panels at the factory. According to another embodiment, the adhesive can be introduced into the joint together with the laying aid. The laying aid advantageously has a corresponding tank for adhesive or glue. Adhesive is then introduced into the joining seam by means of a suitable supply device before the rubber is inserted. It is thus particularly successful to produce a high-quality paving, which can also be laid by cottage craftsmen.

Adhesive can likewise be applied manually by means of a corresponding tool or a tube on the lateral sides or seams running transversely to the aforementioned seam.

It is advantageous to use those panels whose narrow sides are connected to one another by sinking. During the lowering movement, initially a relatively large gap, for example 2.3 mm, is left between the two narrow sides of the panels to be connected to each other. This gap does not close by about 0.5 mm until it is completely closed. The associated displacement movement of a few tenths of a millimeter is used to place the string-like element under pressure between the connecting seams provided on the surface. If, for example, a gap of 2.5 mm is left on the surface for a regular panel, first a 2 mm wide rope-shaped or rod-shaped element can be inserted here. Then, one of the panels sinks relative to the other. The original gap of 2 mm is now reduced by, for example, about 0.5 mm. Finally, this rope-like or rod-like element is slightly compressed inside the seam.

The connecting parts provided can also be arranged on the longitudinal sides. Rubber can be added here in the same way.

The material of the panels can be almost arbitrary. In the field of laminated plastic floor panels are nowadays manufactured with HDF or MDF. However, the connecting part can also be used without problems in facing tiles made of ceramic or stone.

The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of examples.

Figure 1 shows two interconnected panels 1 and 2. This relates in particular to panels for laminated plastic floors. The panels shown are 8mm thick as an example. There is a 2.5mm deep groove on the side of the panel 1, and the groove width is 1.9mm. The groove 3 comprises an upper edge 4 and a lower edge 5 . The upper edge 4 is 2.8mm thick. The lower edge 5 is longer than the upper edge 4 . Outside the area of the actual groove 3 , ie in the area of the lower edge 5 protruding relative to the upper edge 4 , there is a recess 6 . The groove 6 is formed by an obliquely extending boundary wall 7 and a vertically extending boundary wall 8 . The obliquely extending wall flares out in the direction of the floor surface 9 in the shape of a trumpet. In this example at an angle of 15 degrees from the vertical relative to the floor surface. The obliquely running wall 7 serves for the transition from the actual area of the groove 3 to the groove 6 . A wall 8 extending perpendicularly to the floor surface 9 constitutes one wall of the interlocking portion 10 . The interlocking portion 10 is at the open end of the protruding side or lip 5 of the panel 1 . In this example the interlocking portion 10 protrudes about 0.7 mm relative to the bottom of the groove 6 . The wall 8 constitutes a contact or interlocking surface for the interlocking of the panels 1 and 2 parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the seam 11 .

There is a tenon 12 on the side of the panel 2 . In the connected state of the two panels, the tenon 12 is in the groove 3 . The thickness of the tenon 12 matches the width of the groove so that there is no play upwards and downwards. The open end of the tenon 12 has an obliquely extending interface 13 on the underside. A distance remains here from the adjacent side 5 of the groove 3 . The function of the obliquely extending interface 13 is to enable the tenon 12 to be easily inserted into the groove 3 . In particular, the groove 13 is suitable for inserting the tenon 12 into the groove 3 by means of a rotational movement about the joint 11 .

A protruding protrusion 14 is provided below the tenon 12 . This forms a recess 15 which can be produced by milling the underside of the panel 2 . The wall 16 constituting the transition between the recess 15 and the protrusion 14 extends perpendicularly to the floor surface. The wall 16 at the same time forms an interlocking or contact surface which cooperates with the adjacent wall 8 to result in a form-closed interlocking parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the seam 11 . Because the contact surfaces or interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 extend perpendicularly to the floor surface, compared to the prior art known, for example, from document WO 97/47834 A1, a kind of contact between the two panels 1 and 2 is thus achieved. Particularly reliable form-closed interlocks. This form-closed interlocking based on the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 can be further improved by designing the protruding lower edge 5 to be sufficiently rigid. If the panels 1 and 2 cannot be connected by moving closer together in one plane, the lower edge 5 can be designed with sufficient rigidity. Connection by movement in one plane is likewise known from the aforementioned document WO 97/47834 A1.

In order to further improve the form-closed interlock parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connecting seam 11, the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 can be undercut. An angle of a few degrees relative to the vertical extension is sufficient. The interlocking surfaces 8 are thus inclined inwardly in the direction of the groove 6 . Correspondingly, the interlocking surface 16 is inclined inwards in the direction of the groove 15 . In the connected state, the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 are thus hooked to each other. This embodiment is particularly advantageous if the connection is to be possible by displacement in one plane. In this case, for example, the protruding side 5 can be bent downwards sufficiently to enable the connection by displacement in one plane. The above-mentioned interlocking of the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 is particularly advantageous in order to better ensure that in the laid state no undesired detachment occurs by moving away from each other in one plane. This interlocking prevents, for example, the lower edge 5 from bending away due to vibrations.

The projection 14 protruding below the tenon is bounded in the direction of the open end of the tenon by an obliquely running wall 17 . In the interlocked state, the boundary wall 17 is parallel to the wall 7 . In the interlocked state shown in FIG. 1 , a gap remains between wall 17 and wall 7 . The amount of gap can be several tenths of a millimeter. In this example it is eg 0.5 mm.

If the interlocking surface 8 is in contact with the interlocking surface 16, the above-mentioned gap generated between the boundary wall 17 and the boundary wall 7 is 0.5 mm. At the same time, a gap is left in the floor surface, which is, for example, 2.5 mm thick. In the interlocked state, therefore, initially a gap remains between the panels 1 and 2 . This allows the panels to be interconnected, although the interlocking faces 8 and 16 extend vertically or at least almost vertically in this example. It can even be Shen cut. This gap is typically 2/10 mm or more. The appropriate size of the gap depends mainly on the shape and size of the contact surfaces 8 and 16 . Professionals can determine by a small amount of experiments according to their specific conditions, how big the gap should be at least, to ensure that the connection can still be completed even in the case of steep, vertical or undercut contact surfaces 8 and 16 extending. For this reason, it may also be appropriate to use a much larger gap, for example 1 mm.

In the interlocked state, the panel 1 can move relative to the panel 2 along the connecting seam 11 . This may be desired when laying, in order to place the panels in their final position. Compared with the prior art known for example from document WO97/47834 A1, this movement can be carried out very easily.

In order to prevent moisture and dust from penetrating into the gap left in the connecting seam 11 on the two panel surfaces, a rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 18 is inserted. This rope-like or rod-like element 18 has a rectangular cross-section in the present example and essentially corresponds to the shape of the slot. The cord-like or rod-like elements 18 end flush with the surfaces 9 of the panels 1 and 2 .

The cord-like or rod-like element 18 is preferably slightly wider than the slot in which the cord-like or rod-like element is inserted. That is to say slightly wider than 2.5mm in this example. The depth of the cord-like or rod-like element 18 corresponds to the thickness of the side 4 . In the present example the cord-like or rod-like element thus has a depth of 2.8 mm and sits on the upper side of the tenon 12 . This ensures that the cord-like or rod-like element 18 does not penetrate so far into the gap that a flush finish on the surface 9 cannot be achieved.

In this example the cord-like or rod-like element 18 is made of a silicone material. It is elastic and thus compressible.

The slot in which the cord-like or rod-like element 18 is inserted widens downwards. In the present example, the expansion is formed in the shape of a trumpet through the walls 19 and 20 . Extensions can be minimal. A few tenths of a millimeter will suffice. The purpose to be achieved by the expansion is that the cord-like or rod-shaped element 18 can expand in the region of the groove when it is slightly wider than the slot. This ensures that the cord-like or rod-like element 18 is firmly seated in the gap. Undesirable detachment of the cord-like or rod-like elements in the interlocked state is thereby prevented.

The rope-like or rod-like elements 18 can be inserted into the gaps during laying. However, it is also possible for a panel 1 or 2 to be connected to this rope-like or rod-like element 18 already at the factory. Due to the compressibility of the material, the desired effect can still be achieved compared to the prior art known from document WO 97/47834 A1. In the case of interconnected panels, this allows relatively easy movement along the common joint. Such a connection can even be successfully carried out if the contact surfaces 8 and 16 run perpendicularly or undercut.

The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 mainly in the interlocking or contact surfaces 8 and 16 of the undercut. This ensures particularly well that the panel 2 cannot be detached from the panel 1 when the panel 2 is pulled in the direction of the arrow 21 . This embodiment is particularly advantageous especially in the case of elastic sides 5 .

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that a further string-shaped or rod-shaped element 22 is provided, which is inserted between the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 . As a result, the gap between the panels can be larger compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 , without having to enlarge the cord-like or rod-like elements 18 on the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2 . Furthermore, the cord-like or rod-like elements 22 can compensate for shrinkage effects which occur especially when the panels are processed from a wood product.

If the panels have a rectangular surface, the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is preferably used on the narrow side, since shrinkage effects can be particularly pronounced here. On the longitudinal side, the shrinkage effect is less influential.

If the panels are made of a wood product, they usually shrink at high temperatures. Panels made of wood products often swell if they are placed in a humid room. The embodiment according to FIG. 3 is therefore preferably used in normally heated rooms. One example in this regard is the living room of an exclusive residence.

The cross-section of the rod or cord member 22 between the contacting or interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 is generally of smaller size than the cord or rod member 18 which adjoins the surface 9 of the floor. In the present example, the cross-section of the rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 22 is substantially square. The dimensions of the square are approximately 1 mm x 1 mm.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the groove 6 has a further groove or groove 23 . The groove 23 adjoins the interlocking face 8 . A rope-like or rod-like element 22 lies in the groove 23 during laying. In the uncompressed state, the cord-like or rod-like element 22 protrudes partially from said further slot 23 . When the panel 2 is connected to the panel 1 , the projection 14 first presses the cord-like or rod-like element 22 completely into the groove 23 , as shown in FIG. 4 .

If the panel 2 is then moved in the direction of the panel 1 , the cord-like or rod-like element 22 relaxes and reaches between the interlocking surfaces 8 and 16 . This state is shown in FIG. 5 . Elements that are compressed there must be described as elliptical. However, for the sake of clarity, the illustration is different from the actual situation.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 , the length of the projection 14 is dimensioned such that the panel 2 can be brought into the position shown in FIG. 4 relative to the panel 1 by vertically lowering it. The sinking movement is indicated by arrow 24 . The panel 2 is then moved along the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1 . The distance by which the panels 2 are moved is small and may be limited to a few tenths of a millimeter. If the travel distance is short, the time required for laying can be correspondingly shortened. This shortening is especially compared with the prior art mentioned in the introduction, for example compared with the prior art known from document WO 97/47834 A1.

According to an embodiment, in which vertical lowering is possible in the first step along arrow 24 , it is preferably used on the narrow side of panels with rectangular surfaces. On the longitudinal side, however, a connection is preferred in which the connection takes place by a swivel movement about the connection seam 11 . This prior art connection by means of a rotational movement can be seen, for example, in document WO 01/48332 A1 or in document US 4426820.

If the panel 2 is moved in the direction of the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1, the situation shown in FIG. 5 is achieved. Now, however, a rope-like or rod-like element 18 is inserted (finally) into the connecting seam 11 and the connection is completed. A displacement of the panel 2 of only 1 to 2 mm is sufficient from the situation according to FIG. 4 to the situation according to FIG. 5 . This distance is still shorter than the distance required in the prior art known for example from document EP 00843763 B1 all the time.

FIG. 6 shows that the panel shown in FIG. 2 is interlocked with the panel 1 by a rotational movement about the joint 11 . In this case, the tenon 12 can be longer than in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 , so that it is no longer possible to carry out a method which involves first making a downward movement along the arrow 24 ( FIG. 4 ) and then realizing the connection. A more stable form-closed connection perpendicular to the floor surface is thus achieved compared to FIG. 4 .

The cord-like or rod-like element 22 may have a circular cross-section. The diameter is, for example, about 2 mm. The slots 23 in which the cord or rod-like elements 22 are partly located typically have similar widths. In this example this width is thus 2mm. The depth can be half as large. So the depth is 1mm.

If a panel comprises two rope-shaped or rod-shaped elements in the manner mentioned above, then a rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 18 can be inserted from the surface particularly simply, for which at first overcome the rope with a corresponding tool. The elasticity of the rod-shaped or rod-shaped element 22 presses the gaps at the surfaces apart from each other. In the pressed apart state, the gap width at the surface is thus in particular greater than the width of the string-like or rod-shaped element 18 which is to be inserted into this gap. The cord-like or rod-like element 18 can then be inserted particularly easily. The tool is then removed and the panel 1 is moved closer to the panel 2 due to the expansion of the cord-like or rod-like element 22 . This movement based on the expansion of the cord-like or rod-like element 22 stops once the equilibrium of forces is reached. Therefore no gaps are left on the surface.

The rope-like or rod-like elements 18 on the surface 9 thus prevent the intrusion of dust and moisture.

FIG. 7 shows an advantageous embodiment of a cord-like or rod-like element 18 introduced from the surface. The cord-like or rod-like element 18 has a type of barbs 26 and 27 on both sides in cross-section. For particularly good lateral compression of the rope-like or rod-like element 18 , a curved recess 29 is provided on the underside. Furthermore, this cord-like or rod-like element 18 may, for example, have a thread 29 inside, in order to avoid swelling effects. The thread 29 is therefore produced from a non-expandable material, which according to FIG. 7 is covered with a compressible material such as silicone.

The surface 30 of the rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 18 which is visible in the inserted state can be designed flat in order to end flush with the panel surface 9 .

FIG. 8 shows two panels 1 and 2 , wherein the tenon 12 of panel 2 has been inserted into the groove 3 of panel 1 . The protruding side 5 has on its upper side a recess 30 with a rectangular cross-section. On the underside, the tenon 12 has a recess 31 whose cross-section is rectangular. The two grooves 30 and 31 have the same width. When the tenon 12 of the panel 2 is fully inserted into the groove 3 of the panel 1 , they are in the overlapping position, so that no gap remains at the joint joint 11 . The grooves 30 and 31 form a channel into which a cord-like or rod-like element is inserted to interlock the panels 1 and 2 parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the connecting seam 11 . The movement of the panel 2 in the direction of the panel 1 can easily be reached as far as the position shown in FIG. 8 , since it is not necessary to overcome the protruding interlocking parts. In the state shown in FIG. 8 it is also easy to move the panel 2 relative to the panel 1 along the common joint, since the panels are only interlocked perpendicularly to the surface 9 .

FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 8 in that there is a rod-shaped element 32 which has finally been inserted into the channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31 . The rod-shaped element 32 is at least almost as wide as the width of the grooves 30 and 31 in order not to create any gaps in the connecting seam 11 on the surface 9 . The material from which the rod-like or rope-like element 32 is made is thus preferably a slightly compressible or incompressible material in order to avoid gaps in the connection seam 11 of the surface 9 . Metal or wood products can therefore be used as such materials.

If the panels 1 and 2 form a closed surface in the manner shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is advisable, for example, for reasons of appearance, that such joints are also used on the other sides, thereby also forming a closed surface. . It is especially appropriate if the narrow sides of the panels with rectangular surfaces are designed in such a way that the final interlocking is accomplished by the insertion of the rod 32 . On the longitudinal side, a connection is preferred in which connection is then effected by means of a rotational movement about the connection seam. In this case also no gaps are left on the surface 9 between the two panels 1 and 2 . Figure 10 shows this embodiment. The contact surfaces 8 and 16 run obliquely, so that the connection can be achieved by means of a rotational movement despite the absence of play. The protruding side 5 is preferably designed rigidly to ensure a stable interlocking of the panels 1 and 2 in the interlocked state.

If the panels 1 and 2 are designed in an embodiment different from FIGS. 8 and 9 to leave a gap in the connecting seam 11 of the surface 9, a rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 18 is suitably inserted in the gap, It is made, for example, of silicone or rubber. Suitably, the cord or rod member 32 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or a similarly flexible and smooth surface material. Thus, the cord-like or rod-like element 32 can be inserted more smoothly into the channel formed by the grooves 30 and 31 , especially if the narrow side of the panel is designed in this way. This means that less friction occurs on the narrow side against the insertion than on the longitudinal side.

The cross-section of the rod-shaped element can have other shapes. For example it can be necked. The cross-sections of the grooves 30 and 31 are then appropriately correspondingly shaped so that there are undercut contact surfaces 8 and 33 and 34 and 35 . Figure 11 shows this embodiment.

In order not to have to pay attention to a particular position during insertion, the rod-shaped element has a circular cross section. The grooves 30 and 31 are correspondingly shaped as semicircles, as shown in FIG. 12 .

The insertion of the rod 32 can be done particularly easily if at least one end is tapered. Both ends are preferably tapered, whereby the user or user does not need to be concerned with which end of the rod should be used to penetrate into the channel.

The situation shown in FIG. 11 is such that the recesses 30 and 31 taper in the direction of the opening. The corresponding rod-shaped element 32 has a constriction. This results in an undercut contact surface. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the sides 4 and 5 of the groove 3 are of equal length, since they are relatively thin and thus relatively flexible.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the interlocking part 36 of the panel 2 can be accommodated in a recess of the panel 1 by vertically sinking. The two interlocking parts 36 and 37 have semicircular recesses 30 and 31 into which the round rod 32 is inserted for the final interlocking. No gaps or gaps remain at the connecting seam 11 . For the connection, it is sufficient to lower the panels 2 vertically relative to the panel 1 , without subsequently moving the panels.

If the connecting parts according to FIG. 12 are not provided on all sides of the panel, it is still particularly advantageous to adopt an embodiment on the longitudinal side in a panel with a rectangular surface, according to which, by going around the connecting seam The rotary motion of 11 realizes connection. For this purpose see, for example, FIG. 10, which shows such a connection. The embodiment according to FIG. 12 is used on the narrow side. If such a panel is connected to another panel on the longitudinal side by means of a rotational movement about a common connecting seam, it can at the same time be connected to an adjacent already laid panel via the narrow side. It is not necessary to move to the final position at the end. For final interlocking only rod 32 is inserted into the channel formed by grooves 30 and 32 .

The shape of the grooves 30, 31 and 37 and the interlocking portion 37 may differ from the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 . It is only important that the shapes ultimately achieve the desired glue-free interlocking along the directions described.

The following method for joining two panels is successfully provided by the present invention. Panel 1 is combined with panel 2 such that grooves 30 and 31 form a channel. The connecting portion is designed to interlock the panels in a first direction. A rod-shaped element is then inserted into the channel. The connection is designed such that the two panels interlock not only perpendicularly but also parallel to the common surface 9 and at the same time perpendicularly to the connecting seam 11 .

Element 32 can also be made of an elastic material with a preferably high restoring force. It can therefore already be fixed in one of the two recesses 30 or 31 at the factory. Such cord-like elements are especially made of silicone or a hard PCV.

The rope-like or rod-like elements according to the invention have a diameter of at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm. If the rope-like or rod-like element has a rectangular cross-section, the length and width of the rectangle are preferably at least 0.5 mm, particularly preferably at least 1 mm. Furthermore, the cable-like or rod-like element according to the invention is in particular a separate part which, as a separate part, can be bonded to a panel in one embodiment. The physical properties are not changed in this case. In one embodiment, the thread-like or rod-like element can differ from that in which a paste or the like in a flowable state is applied to a panel and the paste then hardens.

FIGS. 13 and 14 show embodiments which are a further development of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 .

FIG. 13 shows the connection on the longitudinal side of an already laid panel 1 in a sectional view. Laterally, on the longitudinal side, the panel 1 has a lower protruding side 5 . A groove-shaped recess 6 with a groove-shaped recess 23 is located in the protruding side 5 . A cord 22 is inserted in a groove 23 inside the groove. The cord comprises strings or threads 29 of a less elastic material, which are covered with rubber or silicone. Based on this chord, the cord 22 does not change its length. The second panel 2 leans its longitudinal side against the first panel 1 and is brought into the common panel plane 9 by being rotated. The panels 2 are thus connected to the already laid panels 1 such that they are connected to one another in a positively closed manner parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to the common joint 11 .

In this case the tenons 12 of the panels 2 are just short enough that the panels 2 are connected by sinking in the above-described manner. After sinking, panel 2 must also be moved in the direction of panel 1 in order to achieve the situation shown in FIG. 13 . The tenons 12 can be longer, since in principle a connection on the longitudinal side is possible without problems by the tilting and subsequent rotation.

The second panel 2a leans against the longitudinal edge of the first laid panel 1 and is connected to it by pivoting in the manner described above.

The narrow sides of the panels 2 and 2a shown in FIG. 14 are designed to allow the interlocking portions 14 and 10 to engage each other when one of the panels 2a is properly sunk relative to the other panel 2 . When the last-mentioned two panels 2 and 2a are positioned accordingly, an interlock is brought about already after the sinking of the panel 2a, which interlocks the two panels 2 and 2a parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to The common connecting seams 11 are interlocked. Then, the two last-mentioned panels 2 and 2a are moved closer to each other. In this case the tongue 12 of the panel 2 a enters the groove 3 of the other panel 2 . The two panels 2 and 2a are then also connected to each other perpendicularly to the floor plane, as shown in FIG. 14 . If necessary, the last two panels 2 and 2a to be laid are moved in the direction of the already laid panel 1, whereby a conventional groove-and-groove joint is also produced between panel 1 and panel 2 or 2a. With this conventional tongue-and-groove connection, the two panels 1 and 2 and 1 and 2 a interlock perpendicularly to the surface 9 in a form-tight manner.

The lip 5 projecting on the narrow side of the panel 2 likewise has the previously described groove 6 with the groove 23 . The groove 23 is adjacent to the upwardly protruding interlocking portion 10 at the open end of the protruding lip or side 5 . In the approaching state of the two panels 2 and 2a, a cord-like element 22 with a circular cross-section in FIG. constitute. The downwardly extending interlocking portions 14 of the panels 2a help to make this channel into which the cord-like elements 22, shown in section in FIG. 14, are inserted. Their dimensions are chosen to leave a gap between the cord-like element 22 and the aforementioned passage. The insertion of the cord-like element 22 is therefore particularly easy to accomplish.

The tool 40 shown in side view in FIG. 15a and in front view in FIG. 15b is now used. The base body 41 is substantially cuboid-shaped. The channel 42 passes through the cuboid 41 . The channel 42 begins at an end side 43 (front), since this end side is usually not covered during use of the tool 40 . The channel 42 terminates at the underside 44 , more precisely close to the other end side 45 (rear) of the cuboid 41 . The channel 42 has a rectangular cross-section, as shown in Figure 15b. It preferably widens, for example in the direction of the end side 43 , in order to facilitate the insertion of the string-like element 18 . The longer side 45a of the rectangular cross-section extends parallel to the side walls of the tool 40, ie from bottom to top. The dimensions of the channel cross-section are adapted to the cord-like element 18 so that it cannot rotate inside the channel 42 . It is therefore practically impossible to insert the adaptive thread-like element 18 through 90° into the channel 42 in the illustrated embodiment.

The tool 40 serves as a laying aid for laying the panels 1 , 2 , 2 a. With the aid of a laying aid, the string-like element is introduced into the joint 11 formed by the panels 1 and 2 .

A tenon 46 protrudes from the underside 44 of the tool 40 . A tenon 46 is provided below the channel 42 . Tenon 46 tapers downwards (viewed from tool 41 ), as is clearly shown in FIG. 15 b.

According to one embodiment, the tenon 46 has a first front region 47 which is narrower than a subsequent rear region 48 . The narrower region 47, as can be seen from Fig. 15a, is preferably longer, for example about twice the length of the thicker region 48, in order to facilitate handling. The front end 49 of the tenon 46 can be further narrowed compared to the narrow area 47, in order to insert the tenon of the laying aid into the gap of the joint 11, which is left by the combination of the two panels 1, 2 as described above . The rearward contraction 50 of the tenon 46 better ensures that the laying aid 41 can eventually be pulled out of the seam 11 again, in particular without thereby causing damage to the panels 1 , 2 .

The width of the tenon 46 is firstly dimensioned outwards, in particular downwards or forwards, so that it can be inserted into the gap of the joint 11 which remains at least on the surfaces of the two assembled panels 1 , 2 . If the tenon 46 shrinks downwards sufficiently, for example, the tenon 46 can be inserted into the above-mentioned gap by sinking from above. If the tenon 46 is retracted towards the front, the constriction areas 47 , 49 can be inserted into the gap 11 and thus place the tenon 46 between the panels 1 , 2 .

The wider area 48 of the tenon 46 is dimensioned such that when the tenon 46 is further inserted between the panels 1 and 2 and thus this wider area 48 properly enters between the panels 1 and 2, the two panels 1 and 2 are pressed apart from each other. By being pressed away from each other, the cable-like elements 22 are compressed, which are initially inserted into the grooves 23 of the grooves 6 present in the form of grooves in the panel 1 .

A cord-like or rod-like element 18 , preferably made of silicone, preferably having a substantially rectangular or at least elongated cross-section, is inserted into the channel 42 of the laying aid 41 , preferably from the end side 43 . They are dimensioned such that the width of the string-like element 18 and the width of the channel 42 are matched to each other. Furthermore, the height of the cord-like element 18 and the height of the channel 42 are coordinated with each other. A gap is left between the cord element 18 and the channel 42 so that the cord element can be inserted through the channel 42 .

Due to this gap, the string-like element 18 can be inserted through the tool and emerges again on the underside 44 behind the tenon 46 in the vicinity of the rear end wall 45 . The generally rectangular cross-section is dimensioned such that it will not rotate within channel 42 when cord-like element 18 is inserted or drawn through channel 42 .

If the string-like element 18 has been inserted through the tool 40 , the pin 46 inserts the constriction between the first panel 1 and the second panel 2 into the gap 11 between them. The laying aid 40 is thus in particular at the beginning of the seam 11 into which the cord-like element is to be inserted.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the laying aid or tool 40 is provided with rollers 51 and 52 in order to use these rollers 51 , 52 to drive the tool 40 smoothly along the joint 11 . Otherwise the tool 40 slides over the panels 1 and 2 . In this case there is a risk that the surfaces of panels 1 and 2 may be damaged.

If the laying aid 40 is driven or moved along the joint 11 between the panels 1 and 2 and at the same time the tenon 46 is in the gap of the joint 11 , the panels 1 and 2 are initially covered by the wider region 48 of the tenon 46 . Press each other apart. In this case the first string-like element 22 which has initially been placed in the groove or groove 23 is compressed. The wider region 48 of the tenon 46 is dimensioned such that the second string-like element 18 protruding from the underside 44 of the laying aid 40 can be pressed smoothly into the connecting seam 11 . They are preferably dimensioned so as to leave a small gap between the cord-like element 18 and the panels 1 and 2 pressed apart from each other, in order to facilitate the insertion of the cord-like element 18 in the connecting seam 11 . This means that the string-like element 18 generally enters the connecting seam 11 from above.

If the tool 41 continues to travel along the seam 11 , the joint 11 behind the laying aid 40 is slightly closed again due to the pressure caused by the compressed first string-like element 22 . If the connecting seam 11 is slightly closed again, the string-like element 18 is fixed between the panels 1 and 2 by means of a positive and/or frictional closure due to suitably defined dimensions and/or shape.

In an advantageous embodiment, the tool 40 has a roller 51 in the vicinity of the rear end wall 45, which rolls over the connecting seam. This ensures that a smooth transition is achieved on the surface between the panels 1 and 2 and the string-like element 18 . This is not shown in Figures 15a and 15b.

According to one embodiment, the laying aid 40 is driven up to the first transverse seam 60 , as shown in FIG. 16 , which shows a plan view of the panels 1 , 2 , 2 a. A thread-like element 18 is thus already inserted into the seam 11 behind the laying aid 40 .

The eccentric element 70 shown in section in FIG. 19 is displaced laterally parallel to the transverse gap 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. To this end, a slot or preferably a channel-like recess 71 (as shown in FIG. 17 ) is provided in the panel 2 and/or in the panel 2a, into which the eccentric elongate element 70 can be inserted. The eccentric element 70 is inserted such that the narrow side of the eccentric element (eccentric) adjoins the two panels 2 and 2a. They should be sized to allow easy insertion. According to one embodiment, a gap can be left between the eccentric element 70 and the two panels 2 and 2a to facilitate the insertion.

If the eccentric element 70 has been pushed between two panels, it is rotated by approximately 90° by means of a lever 73 shown in FIG. 19 , as indicated by arrow 72 in FIG. 17 . This expands the gap 60 shown in FIG. 16 , which is located on the lateral side between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2 a. As a result of the 90° rotation, the cord-like element 22 is compressed, which was previously inserted into the channel provided for this purpose in the interior of the transverse slot 60 . The position of the eccentric element rotated by 90° is shown in FIG. 18 .

The eccentric element 70 can be bent at the end of the lever 70 so that this bent end 74 can be inserted into a lateral groove in one of the two panels 2 or 2a. The position of this eccentric element 70 rotated by 90° is thus maintained. Otherwise, other means should be used to ensure that the eccentric element 70 is maintained in the rotated position.

To facilitate the introduction of the eccentric element 70 into the channel 71 or sufficiently wide gap provided for this purpose, it preferably has a constriction 75 . This constriction is first introduced into the channel 71 provided for this purpose or into a sufficiently wide gap provided for this purpose.

A further cord-like element 18, preferably of generally rectangular or elongate cross-section, can be pressed from above into the slot on the lateral side 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. Insertion can alternatively proceed from this side, especially since the dimensions are determined in this position such that the string-like element 18 lies with play in the seam, as shown in FIG. 18 .

The lateral side 60 is in particular a narrow side when the panel 1 , 2 , 2a has a rectangular surface.

Then, the eccentric 70 turns back to the original position again. The slots at the lateral sides 60 close slightly and at the same time relax the previously compressed cord-like elements 22 . A rope-like element 18 with a preferably rectangular cross-section is now fixed between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. This fixation can be achieved by positive and/or frictional closure. According to FIG. 17 , the fastening is achieved in particular due to a form-closure, but also a force-closure, since the string-like element 18 with a preferably elongated cross-section is slightly compressed in the seam.

The eccentric 70 is then pulled out of the channel 71 or the corresponding slot. The laying aid 40 continues to travel until the next transverse joint is reached. In this way, the cord-like elements 18 are introduced into the seams 11 , 60 (or gaps), which are visible from above, until the panels 1 , 2 , 2 a are completely surrounded by the cord-like or rod-like elements 18 at the edges.

It has been found that with the aid of the invention it is possible to lay panels over a large area without the need for separation joints in the floor covering.

According to one embodiment, the laying aid 40 has a recess on the side. During the laying process, the laying aid 40 is driven in such a way that the groove is aligned with the joint which originates from a transverse side 60 , in particular a narrow side. This groove serves to allow the rope-like or rod-shaped element to be inserted smoothly from the lateral side 60 until it reaches completely onto the rope-like or rod-shaped element 18 already placed in the seam 11 by means of the laying aid.

According to another refinement of the invention, the tenon 46 below the laying aid is designed such that it tapers downwards along its entire length, so that the tenon can be inserted into the joint from above. This design is particularly advantageous where walls restrict access to the joint from the side.

According to one embodiment of the invention, there is a constriction or step-like constriction 76 in the downward direction in the seam 11 adjacent to the upper side 9 of the panel 1 , 2 , 2 a. The tool 40 with its underlying tenon 46 is thus coordinated with the joint with the constriction 76 in such a way that the two panels 1 and 2 are pressed apart from each other only by virtue of the lower region, ie in the constriction. 76 or the pressure applied in the constriction zone is reached.

Even in the compressed or relaxed state of the inserted rope-shaped or rod-shaped element 22 , in particular with a circular cross-section, the tenon 46 of the laying aid 40 is still inside the joint 11 with play, which generally involves The upper region, ie above the constriction 76 . This ensures that the upper edges of the panels 1 and 2 are not subjected to mechanical stress, in particular when the laying aid 40 is pulled out of the connecting seam 11 . Otherwise the upper edges of the panels 1 and 2 could be undesirably damaged and thus spoil the appearance.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, there is a recess 77 in the interior of the joint 11 between the two panels 1 and 2 , in particular above the aforementioned constriction or step-like constriction 76 . If the string-like element 18 has been inserted into the connecting seam 11 , it fills the recess 77 and is based, in particular, on the laterally protruding projections 78 on the string-like or rod-like element 18 . This results in a better fixation of the rope-like or rod-like element 18 in the seam 11 , precisely because of the thus achieved form closure. The cord-like or rod-like element 18 thus sits particularly securely between the two panels 1 and 2 .

According to a refinement of the invention, the laying aid 40 has a wider roller 80 on the upper or end side, which is in particular wider than the rollers 51 and 52 . That is, it is significantly wider than the scroll wheel on the underside. The roller 80 on the upper side or end side is used to roll over the connecting seam 11 , 60 again finally. If the cord-like or rod-like element 18 protrudes undesirably by a small amount from the seam 11 , 60 , this can be corrected. The rollers 52 and 80 on the laying aid 40 for exerting pressure on the rope-like element 18 so that it fits properly into the joints 11, 60 are preferably made of a hard material, particularly metal. .

The rollers 51 , 52 on the bottom of the laying aid 40 preferably protrude so far that the distance between the bottom of the laying aid 40 and the panels 1 , 2 is small. In one embodiment, this distance can be, for example, only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. In this case it is advantageous if the front rollers 51 of the laying aid 40 which are only used for guidance are also produced from a hard material. The material should however have a low compressibility so that a distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm is maintained between the bottom of the laying aid 40 and the surface 9 of the panel 1 , 2 .

FIG. 20 shows another embodiment according to the invention, in which the panels 2 and 2a can be connected to each other at least on one side by sinking. This is understood to mean that the panel 2 a can be fastened parallel to the already laid panel 2 and can be lowered for connection. A parallel position can be maintained during the descent. If the panel 2a has been lowered to be in the same plane as the panel 2, the downwardly protruding protrusions 14 are located in the upwardly open grooves 6. The panels 2 and 2a are thus interlocked parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the seam by positive closure. The upwardly oriented interlocking part at the end of the lower protruding lip 5 is bent slightly outwards, which is advantageously possible in particular via a bevel 90 which is advantageously located underneath the interlocking part.

Initially, a gap of eg 2.5 mm is left on the surface 9 of the panel 2, 2a. If a rope-like element, for example 2.2 mm wide, is now to be inserted into this gap, this can be done without problems due to the existence of this gap. After the insertion of the cord-like element, the panel 2 is displaced by approximately 0.5 mm in the direction of the panel 2 , so here the shorter tenon 12 enters the groove 3 and obtains an interlock perpendicular to the surface 9 . This displacement movement of a few tenths of a millimeter is used to press the string-like element between the connecting seams provided on the surface 9 .

The connections according to FIG. 20 can be used on all sides. Since the interlocking in the vertical direction is relatively weak, it should preferably be used only on the lateral side 60 by the connecting portion comprising a relatively short tenon 12 protruding into the groove 3 .

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of the invention which is preferred if only one rope-like or rod-like element 18 is inserted between the two panels 1 and 2 from the upper side 9 . If the cord-like element is not interposed between the two panels 1 and 2 as shown, the two panels are preferably interlocked in such a way that a small gap is left.

The panels 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 21 are designed such that a gap is left at the seam 11 on the upper side. This gap is preferably slightly narrower (a few tenths of a millimeter) than the cord-like or rod-like element 18 . If the cord-like or rod-shaped element is pressed into the slot from above, it enters the slot in a slightly compressed manner. This ensures a watertight closure of the upper side. Thus moisture problems are avoided.

The slot shown in FIG. 21 extends as far as the upper side of the pin 12 in the illustrated embodiment. This is appropriate for processing reasons, but not necessary for the practice of the invention.

In order to ensure a precise and secure positioning of the cable-like or rod-like element 18 between the panels 1 and 2, it is held in the desired position by means of a positive seal. In the present case, inside the slot there is at least one, preferably two, protruding projections 95 which are connected laterally to the respective panel. These protruding projections serve not only for the above-mentioned form closure, but at the same time form a constriction within the groove. The narrowing of the groove is advantageous in order to be able to press two panels away from each other by means of a tool (laying aid) in the described manner without damaging the edges on the surface 9 .

The cord-like or rod-like elements 18 that can be used in the panels 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 21 are shown in cross-section in FIGS. 22 and 23 . It has at least one, preferably two grooves 96 on the sides. The groove 96 interacts with the protruding projection 95 , so that the desired positive closure is achieved.

On the underside of the cord-like or rod-like element 18 there is preferably a groove 97 . Thus, the cord-like or rod-like element 18 has two arms which can be compressed sufficiently by a small amount. The cord-like or rod-like element 18 can thus be pressed particularly easily into the gap provided in the seam 11 .

The cord-like or rod-like element 18 is flared on the underside. The corresponding obliquely running surface area 98 ensures that the cord-like or rod-like element 18 can be inserted easily into the slot.

The cord or rod-like element 18 shown in Figure 22 is preferably made of a relatively stiff but still sufficiently elastic material, for example a hard PVC material.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 23 should be preferred. Here, the upper section 99 of the cord or rod-like element 18 is made of a relatively soft elastic material, such as soft PVC material, while the lower section 100 is made of a relatively hard material, such as hard PVC. The region of soft and hard material ensures a particularly perfect and defined secure seating of the cable-like or rod-like element between the two panels 1 and 2 . The part formed by this softer region 99 ensures that the cord-like or rod-like element 18 can also be compressed here. This ensures that the cord-like or rod-like element 18 can completely enter the gap between the two panels 1 and 2 , even if the gap is somewhat narrow. The upper zone 99 advantageously sits slightly compressed between the two panels to prevent the ingress of moisture, dust, etc.

Claims (60)

1. member group that is used to form paving, especially paving, floor.

2. according to the described member group of claim 1, it comprises some panels (1,2,2a), they have the coupling part (3,12,6,14) of configuration like this, promptly, making two blocks of panels (1,2,2a) and meanwhile to be parallel to contoured sealing ground, surface (9) perpendicular to common seam (11) connects, can connect perpendicular to public surface (9) contoured sealing ground again, it is characterized in that a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32), it is in the groove (11,23) between each panel (1,2,2a).

3. according to claim 1 or the 2 described member groups that comprise panel (1,2,2a), wherein, especially when being connected to each other, the width of described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) is bigger than the width of groove when described panel (1,2,2a).

4. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,23) are made with a kind of compressible material, especially polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), silicone or rubber.

5. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described panel (1,2,2a), especially comprise coupling part (3,12,6,14,36,37), fully or basically make with pottery, building stones, plastics, timber and/or with timber-work.

6. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, at least one block of panel (1,2,2a) have one with timber-work especially with the base plate of HDF or MDF system.

7. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, add facing paper or add ornament at described uper side surface (9).

8. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, at least one block of panel (1,2,2a) has a base plate, and it is made of the paper that especially is added with amino resins of the mutual pressing of multilayer.

According to above-mentioned each claim described comprise panel (1,2,2a) and one with panel (1,2,2a) rope form that separates or the member group of rod-shaped elements (18,22,32), described element (18,22,32) by interference fit and/or shape sealing and/or by the power transmission be fixed in the groove (23,11,60).

10. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, it has a gap, and this gap is to produce under the situation that does not have rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) between these two blocks of panels (1,2,2a) at least when being connected to each other at two blocks of panels (1,2,2a).

11. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, the coupling part of its each panel has the vertical or heavy contact surface (8,16,33,34,35) that cuts, and their realize describedly being parallel to surface (9) and perpendicular to the connection that connects seam (11) or perpendicular to the connection on surface (9).

12. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, it has a groove as the coupling part (3), it has a rigidity or flexible lower edge (5), and this lower edge (5) is especially stretched out with respect to the upper edge (4) of this groove (3).

13. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, it has a groove that can enter from the upside (9) of panel, this groove is located to produce in seam (11,60) in the connection status of two blocks of panels, and it within it portion the especially constriction or the contraction (76,95) of step are arranged.

14. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, it has a groove that can enter from the upside (9) of panel, this groove is located to produce in seam (11,60) in the connection status of two blocks of panels, and it within it portion an expansion (77) is arranged, this expansion (77) preferably be in the top of constriction or contraction (76,95) or below.

15. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements the surface (9) of panel (1,2,2a) be pressed into or the described groove of packing into (11,60) in.

16. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described coupling part (3,12,6,14) is preferably by this way built in the longitudinal side of panel (1,2,2a), that is, panel can only just can be interconnected by stitching rotatablely moving of (11) around public connection.

17. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described coupling part (3,12,6,14) is preferably by this way built in the narrow side of panel (1,2,2a), that is, make the panel can be by in a plane, moving and/or interconnecting by surface (9) vertical subsidence of a panel (2a) with respect to second block of panel (2).

18. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, the width of described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) is at least 0.5mm, preferably is at least 2mm and/or is 10mm to the maximum, is preferably 5mm.

19. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) are between two contact surfaces (8,16), and these two contact surfaces cause the interlocking that is parallel to described common surface (9) and stitches (11) perpendicular to described public connection.

20. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) are in the groove (23) and from this groove (23) and partly stretch out.

21. according to the described panel of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described groove (23) adjoins a contact surface (8), this contact surface is used for the connection of two blocks of panels and especially is parallel to common surface for two blocks of panels connecting (9).

22. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) have the cross section of rectangle or substantial rectangular or prolate.

23. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, it is hook-shaped that rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) are designed to the side.

24. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) comprise a silk thread, and it is connected with compressible material, especially coat with compressible material or rather.

25. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) have the cross section of criss-cross preferably prolate substantially.

26. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, that described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) have is substantially criss-cross, shrink and the cross section of prolate preferably towards a side direction.

27. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22) have a silk thread, and this silk thread is made with a kind of inelastic material, especially a kind of glass fiber material.

28. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) have the lower region (100) of the upper zone (99) and the material system that usefulness is harder of a material system that usefulness is softer.

29. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) have two arms downwards, they are separated from each other by a groove (97).

30. according to the described member group that comprises a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) have a contraction (98) downwards.

31. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) prevulcanization is on a panel, and, when first and second blocks of panels were connected to each other, this rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22) contacted with second block of panel.

32. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, described panel is 6 to 15mm thick and/or 100 to 2000mm long and/or 100 to 2000mm wide.

33. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, there is a rod-shaped elements (32) can insert in the groove (30,31) between two blocks of panels, thereby between two blocks of panels, forms the interlocking of shape sealing thereupon.

34. according to the described member group of claim 33, wherein, the narrow side or the horizontal side (60) of two blocks of panels that square surface arranged (1,2,2a) surround described insertable rope form or rod-shaped elements.

35. according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, one rope form that can see from public surface (9) or rod-shaped elements (18) are packed in the groove (11), and this groove (11) has an expansion (19,20,77) in the below on surface (9).

36., wherein, have at least two rope forms or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) to be located between two blocks of interconnected panels (1,2,2a) according to the described member group that comprises panel (1,2,2a) of above-mentioned each claim.

37. according to the described member group of claim 36, wherein, being in from surface (9) to compare with the manufactured materials of rope form that is in higher position or rod-shaped elements (18) than the manufactured materials of the rope form of depths or rod-shaped elements (22) has bigger reset force.

38., wherein, be in and compare littler with rope form that is in higher position or rod-shaped elements (18) than the rope form of depths or the diameter or the cross section of rod-shaped elements (32) from surface (9) according to the described member group of claim 37.

39. according to the described member group of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, it comprises interconnected panel (1,2,2a).

40. according to the described member group of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, it comprises a laying aid, by this laying aid can ((18,22,32) be contained between two blocks of panels (1,2,2a), or use this laying aid rope form or rod-shaped elements (18,22,32) can be placed between two blocks of panels (1,2,2a) with described rope form or rod-shaped elements.

41. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) comprises a passage (42) that especially cross section is elongated, this passage passes described laying aid (40).

42. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has a passage (42), and this passage extends from the downside (44) of end wall (43) to laying aid (40) of described laying aid (40).

43. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has the tenon (46) that stretches out at downside (44), it especially downwards, forward and/or to after-contraction.

44. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, the tenon (46) and one that this laying aid (40) has downside (44) to have to stretch out passes the passage (42) of this laying aid (40), and this passage terminates in the back of downside (44) tenon (46).

45. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has roller (51) at its downside (44), and this roller (51) especially is located at the rear of a tenon (46) that stretches out from downside (44).

46. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has roller (51) at its downside (44), this roller (51) is located at the rear that a tenon (46) and that stretches out from downside (44) passes the passage of laying aid (40), and this passage terminates between described roller (51) and the tenon (46).

47. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has a roller (52) at its downside (44), it is located at the front of a tenon (46) that stretches out from downside (44).

48. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) side thereon has a roller (80).

49. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) has a tenon (46) at its downside, this tenon (46) can insert between two blocks of panels that are in connection status mutually (1,2,2a), thereby panel (1,2,2a) is pressed off each other.

50. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of claim 49, wherein, described tenon (46) can insert between two blocks of panels that are in connection status mutually (1,2,2a) and/or therefrom extract, and makes to stay next spacing at upside (9) between panel (1,2,2a) and tenon (46).

51. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (40) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (40) offers a groove in side and its downside (44) with adjoining.

52. according to the described member group that comprises a laying aid (70) of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, this laying aid (70) has the cross section of an off-centre.

53. according to the described member group of above-mentioned each claim, wherein, it comprises a cutting instrument, can cut described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) by this cutting tool, and cutting especially by this way, that is horizontal side (60) or the narrow side with employed panel (1,2,2a) is the same long at least, to make the length of described rope form after the cutting or rod-shaped elements.

54, according to the described member group of claim 53, wherein, described cutting tool is designed to, and makes described rope form or rod-shaped elements exceed 2mm at most than the horizontal side (6) of employed panel (1,2,2a) or the length of narrow side after cutting, preferably exceeds 1mm at most.

55. paving, especially paving, floor that is laid to by the described member group of above-mentioned each claim (1,2,2a, 18,22,32).

56. according to the described paving of claim 55, wherein, on described common surface (9), every block of panel is all centered on by described rope form or rod-shaped elements (18).

57. one kind with the method for laying a paving according to the described member group of above-mentioned each claim.

58. according to the described method of claim 57, wherein, described panel (1,2,2a) is connected to each other by this way, promptly, make them be parallel to described common surface (9) and meanwhile perpendicular to the interlocking of described common seam (11) contoured sealing ground, and, by a laying aid (40,70) rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) are placed between two blocks of panels (1,2,2a).

59. according to claim 57 or 58 described methods, wherein, a laying aid (40) travels or moves along a seam (11), and meanwhile a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) is inserted in this seam (11) at laying aid (40) rear.

60. according to each described method in the claim 57 to 59, wherein, one laying aid (40) travels always or moves to a transverse joint (60) along a seam (11), and in this process, a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) are inserted in this seam (11) at laying aid (40) rear, and, then, preferably under the situation of using an eccentric component (70), a rope form or rod-shaped elements (18) are inserted in this transverse joint (60).

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