CN1635834A - 具有杀虫和杀螨活性的活性化合物组合物 - Google Patents
具有杀虫和杀螨活性的活性化合物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1635834A CN1635834A CNA018065570A CN01806557A CN1635834A CN 1635834 A CN1635834 A CN 1635834A CN A018065570 A CNA018065570 A CN A018065570A CN 01806557 A CN01806557 A CN 01806557A CN 1635834 A CN1635834 A CN 1635834A
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- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NC(C)(C)C)=NC(SC)=N1 IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 101150051314 tin-10 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WVZPYZMQQDNINJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(butylstannyloxy)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)O[SnH](CCCC)CCCC WVZPYZMQQDNINJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及新的含有特定的环酮烯醇类化合物以及说明书中例举的具有很高的杀虫和杀螨活性的活性组分 (1)-(29)的组合物。
Description
本发明涉及新的活性化合物组合物,其一方面含有已知的环酮烯醇以及另一方面含有其它已知杀虫活性化合物,该组合物特别适于防治有害生物如昆虫和害螨。
已知某些环酮烯醇具有杀虫和杀螨活性(EP-A-528 156)。另一些具有杀虫和杀螨活性的酮烯醇类化合物描述于WO 95/01971、EP-A-647637、WO 96/16061、WO 96/20196、WO 96/25395、WO 96/35664、WO97/02243、WO 97/01535、WO 97/36868、WO 97/43275、WO 98/05638、WO 98/06721、WO 99/16748、WO 99/43649、WO 99/48869和WO 99/55673中。虽然上述化合物具有很好的活性,但在低施用量条件下往往效果不令人满意。
另外,已知大量杂环化合物、有机锡化合物、苯甲酰脲和拟除虫菊酯化合物具有杀虫和杀螨活性(参见WO 93/22297、WO 93/10083、DE-A-2641 343、EP-A-347 488、EP-A-210 487、US 3,264,177和EP-A-234045)。然而,上述物质的杀虫杀螨活性并不总是令人满意。
现已发现式(I)化合物
其中
X代表C1-C6-烷基、卤素、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C3-卤代烷基,
Y代表氢、C1-C6-烷基、卤素、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C3-卤代烷基,
Z代表C1-C6-烷基、卤素或C1-C6-烷氧基,
n代表0-3,
A代表氢或各自任选被卤素取代的直链或支链的C1-C12-烷基、C3-C8-链烯基、C3-C8-炔基、C1-C10-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C10-烷硫基-C2-C8-烷基或具有3-8个环原子的环烷基,该环烷基可被氧和/或硫间断以及代表各自任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基或硝基取代的苯基或苯基-C1-C6-烷基,
B代表氢、C1-C6-烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C4-烷基
或其中
A和B与和它们连接的碳原子一起形成饱和或不饱和的、任选被氧和/或硫间断并任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷硫基或被任选取代的苯基取代的或被任选苯并稠合的3-至8-元环,
G代表氢(a)或代表基团
其中
R1代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C20-烷基、C2-C20-链烯基、C1-C8-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-烷硫基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基或可被氧和/或硫间断的3-8个环原子的环烷基,
代表任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基,
代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基-C1-C6-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素和/或C1-C6-烷基取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻唑基或吡唑基,
代表任选被卤素和/或C1-C6-烷基取代的苯氧基-C1-C6-烷基,
R2代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C20-烷基、C2-C20-链烯基、C1-C8-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基或C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C6-卤代烷基取代的苯基或苄基,
R3代表任选被卤素取代的C1-C8-烷基、代表各自任选被C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、硝基或氰基取代的苯基或苄基,
R4和R5各自独立地代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C8-烷基、C1-C8-烷氧基、C1-C8-烷基氨基、二-(C1-C8)-烷基氨基、C1-C8-烷硫基、C2-C5-链烯基硫基、C2-C5-炔硫基或C3-C7-环烷硫基,代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基或C1-C4-卤代烷基取代的苯基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7各自独立地代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C10-烷基、C1-C10-烷氧基、C3-C8-链烯基或C1-C8-烷氧基-C1-C8-烷基,代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C1-C6-烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基取代的苯基,代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基取代的苄基或一起代表5-或6-元环,该环任选被氧或硫间断并任选被C1-C6-烷基取代,
和生物活性化合物,优选
(1)公开在WO 93/10 083中的下式的苯肼衍生物
(联苯肼酯)
和/或
(2)公开在EP-A-27 17 040中的常用名为
齐墩螨素 (III)
的大环内酯
和/或
(3)公开在DE-A-26 41 343中的下式的萘二酮衍生物
(灭螨醌)
和/或
(4)公开在EP-A-347 488中的下式的吡咯衍生物
(氟唑虫清)
和/或
(5)公开在DE-A-210 478中的下式的硫脲衍生物
(杀螨硫隆)
和/或
(6)公开在WO 93/22 297中的下式的噁唑啉衍生物
(特苯噁唑)
和/或
(7)下式的有机锡衍生物
其中
R表示
(VIIIa=唑环锡)
公开在The Pesticide Manual,第9版,48页中
或
R表示-OH
(VIIIb=三环锡)
公开在US 3,264,177中
和/或
(8)公开在EP-A-289 879中的下式的吡唑衍生物
(吡螨胺)
和/或
(9)公开在EP-A-234 045中的下式的吡唑衍生物
(唑螨酯)
和/或
(10)公开在EP-A-134 439中的下式的吡唑酮衍生物
(哒螨酮)
和/或
(11)公开在EP-A-161 019中的下式的苯甲酰基脲
(氟虫脲)
和/或
(12)公开在EP-A-049 977中的拟除虫菊酯
(氟氯菊酯)
和/或
(13)公开在EP-A-005 912中的四嗪衍生物
和/或
(14)公开在DE-A-21 15 666中的有机锡衍生物
(杀螨锡)
和/或
(15)公开在The Pesticide Manual,第11版,1997,1208页中的下式的磺酰胺
(对甲抑菌灵)
和/或
(16)公开在WO 94/02 470、EP-A-883 991中的嘧啶基酚醚(Pyrimidyl phenolether)
R=Cl(XVII);(4-[(4-氯-α,α,α-三氟-3-甲苯基)氧基]-6-
[(α,α,α-4-四氟-3-甲苯基)氧基]-嘧啶)
R=NO2(XVIII);(4-[(4-氯-α,α,α-三氟-3-甲苯基)氧基]-6-
[(α,α,α-三氟-4-硝基-3-甲苯基)氧基]-嘧啶)
R=Br(XIX);(4-[(4-氯-α,α,α-三氟-3-甲苯基)氧基]-6-
[(α,α,α-三氟-4-溴-3-甲苯基)氧基]-嘧啶)
和/或
(17)公开在EP-A-375 316中的下式的大环内酯
(艾克敌105)一种混合物,优选包含
85% Spinosyn A R=H
15% Spinosyn B R=CH3
和/或
(18)公开在EP-A-001 689中的齐墩螨素(XXI)
和/或
(19)公开在The Pesticide Manual,第11版,1997,846页中的米尔螨素(XXII)
和/或
(20)公开在DE-A-10 15 797中的下式的硫丹 (XXIII)
和/或
(21)公开在EP-A-326 329中的下式的喹螨醚(XXIV)
和/或
(22)公开在EP-A-196 524中的下式的嘧胺苯醚(XXV)
和/或
(23)公开在DE-A-2 724 494中的下式的苯赛螨(XXVI)
和/或
(24)公开在US 2,812,281中的下式的三氯杀螨砜(XXVII)
和/或
(25)公开在US 3,272,854中的下式的克螨特(XXVIII)
和/或
(26)公开在DE-A-3 037 105中的噻螨酮(XXIX)
和/或
(27)公开在US 3,784,696中的下式的溴螨酯(XXX)
和/或
(28)公开在US 2,812,280中的下式的开乐散(XXXI)
和/或
(29)公开在DE-A-11 00 372中的下式的灭螨猛(XXXII)
具有很好的杀虫和杀螨活性。
令人惊奇的是,本发明活性化合物组合物的杀虫和杀螨活性显著高于单个活性化合物的活性总和。即存在事先没有预料到的实际的增效活性,而不仅仅是加和作用。
本发明活性化合物组合物中,除了至少一种式(I)活性化合物外,还包括化合物1-29中的至少一种活性化合物。
优选包括下列式(I)化合物的活性化合物组合物
其中
X代表C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C2-卤代烷基,
Y代表氢、C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C2-卤代烷基,
Z代表C1-C4-烷基、卤素或C1-C4-烷氧基,
n代表0或1,
A和B与和它们连接的碳原子一起形成饱和的、选择的C1-C4-烷基或C1-C4-烷氧基取代的5-或6-元环,
G代表氢(a)或代表基团
其中
R1代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-链烯基、C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C6-烷基或可被1或2个氧和/或硫原子间断的具有3-7个环原子的环烷基,
代表任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C3-卤代烷基或C1-C3-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基,
R2代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-链烯基或C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C6-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C4-卤代烷基取代的苯基或苄基,
以及化合物1-29中的至少一种活性化合物。
特别优选包括式(I-b-1)的二氢呋喃酮衍生物
以及化合物1-29中的至少一种活性化合物的活性化合物组合物。
此外,活性化合物组合物中还可以混入其它杀菌,杀螨或杀虫活性成分。
当本发明活性化合物组合物中的活性化合物以特定重量比存在时,增效作用特别显著。然而,在本发明活性化合物组合物中活性化合物重量比可在很宽的范围内变化。通常,本发明组合物包含下表中所给出的优选或特别优选的混合比的式(I)活性化合物与共组分:
*混合比以重量比计。混合比表示式(I)活性化合物∶共组分
共组分 | 优选的混合比 | 特别优选的混合比 |
联苯肼酯 | 5∶1至1∶20 | 1∶1至1∶10 |
齐墩螨素 | 50∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶1 |
灭螨醌 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
氟唑虫清 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
杀螨硫隆 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
特苯噁唑 | 20∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶2 |
唑环锡 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
三环锡 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
吡螨胺 | 20∶1至1∶10 | 10∶1至1∶5 |
唑螨酯 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
哒螨酮 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
氟虫脲 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
氟氯菊酯 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
Clofentezine | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
杀螨锡 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
对甲抑菌灵 | 5∶1至1∶50 | 1∶1至1∶5 |
嘧啶基酚醚(XVII-XIX) | 10∶10至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
艾可敌105 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
齐墩螨素 | 50∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶1 |
米尔螨素 | 50∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶1 |
硫丹 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
喹螨醚 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
嘧胺苯醚 | 50∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶1 |
苯赛螨 | 5∶1至1∶20 | 1∶1至1∶10 |
三氯杀螨砜 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
克螨特 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
噻螨酮 | 20∶1至1∶5 | 10∶1至1∶2 |
溴螨酯 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
开乐散 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
灭螨猛 | 10∶1至1∶10 | 5∶1至1∶5 |
本发明活性化合物组合物适合防治有害生物,优选节肢动物和线虫,特别是在农业、动物保健、林业、储藏产品和材料的保护以及卫生领域中发生的昆虫和螨类。它们对普通敏感和抗性种类以及对所有或单个发育阶段都具有活性。上述有害生物包括:
等足目,例如,潮虫(Oniscus asellus)、平甲虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如,具斑马陆。
唇足目,例如,食果地蜈蚣、蚰蜒属。
综合目,例如,庭园么蚰。
缨尾目,例如,台湾衣鱼。
弹尾目,例如,武装棘跳虫。
直翅目,例如,家蟋蟀、蝼蛄属、非洲飞蝗、黑蝗属、沙漠蝗。
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、马得拉蜚蠊、德国小蠊。
革翅目,例如,欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如,散白蚁属。
虱目,例如,体虱、血虱属、颚虱属、嚼虱属、畜虱属。
缨翅目,例如,温室条蓟马、烟蓟马、棕榈蓟马、苜蓿蓟马。
异翅亚目,例如,扁盾蝽属、棉红蝽(Dysdercus intermedius)、方背皮蝽、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、椎猎蝽属。
同翅目,例如,甘蓝粉虱、甘薯粉虱、温室白粉虱、棉蚜、甘蓝蚜、茶 隐瘤蚜、豆卫矛蚜、苹果蚜、苹果绵蚜、桃大尾蚜、葡萄根瘤蚜、瘿绵蚜属、麦长管蚜、瘤蚜属、忽布疣蚜、禾谷缢管蚜、绿小叶蝉属、殃叶蝉(Euscelis bilobatus)、黑尾叶蝉、欧果坚球蚧、榄珠蜡蚧、灰飞虱、褐飞虱、红肾圆盾蚧、常春藤圆盾蚧、粉蚧属、木虱属。
鳞翅目,例如,棉红铃虫、松粉蝶尺蛾、果园秋尺蛾、潜叶细蛾(lithocolletis blancardella)、苹果巢蛾、小菜蛾、黄褐天幕毛虫、黄毒蛾、毒蛾属、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrix thurberiella)、柑橘潜叶蛾、地夜蛾属、切夜蛾属、脏切夜蛾、埃及钻夜蛾、实夜蛾属、甘蓝夜蛾、小眼夜蛾、灰翅夜蛾属、粉纹夜蛾、苹果蠹蛾、粉蝶属、禾草螟属、玉米螟、地中海粉斑螟、蜡螟、幕谷蛾、袋谷蛾、褐织蛾、黄尾卷叶蛾、烟卷蛾(Capua reticulana)、云杉色卷蛾、葡萄果蠹蛾、茶长卷蛾、栎绿卷蛾、Cnaphalocerus属、水稻负泥虫。
鞘翅目,例如,家具窃蠹、谷蠹、豆象(Bruchidius obtectus)、菜豆象、北美家天牛、蓝毛臀萤叶甲、马铃薯叶甲、辣根猿叶甲、条叶甲属、油菜金头跳甲、墨西哥豆瓢虫、隐食甲属、锯谷盗、花象属、米象属、葡萄黑耳喙象、香蕉根颈象、种子象、紫苜蓿叶象、皮蠹属、斑皮蠹属、圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、粉蠹属、油菜花露尾甲、蛛甲属、黄蛛甲、麦蛛甲、拟谷盗属、黄粉甲、叩甲属、宽胸叩甲属、五月鳃金龟、马铃薯鳃金龟、褐新西兰肋翅鳃角金龟、稻水象。
膜翅目,例如,松叶蜂属、实叶蜂属、毛蚁属、小家蚁、胡蜂属。
双翅目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、黄猩猩果蝇、家蝇属、厕蝇属、红头丽蝇、绿蝇属、金蝇属、疽蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、螫蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、虻属、螗蜩属(Tannia spp.)、花园毛蚊、瑞典麦杆蝇、草种蝇属、菠菜泉蝇、地中海实蝇、油橄榄果实蝇、沼泽大蚊、种蝇属、斑潜蝇属。
蚤目,例如,印鼠客蚤、角叶蚤属。
蛛形纲,例如,蝎(Scorpio maurus)、红斑蛛、粗脚粉螨、锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、鸡皮刺螨、兔瘿螨、柑橘皱叶刺瘿螨、牛蜱属、扇头蜱属、花蜱属、璃眼蜱属、硬蜱属、瘙螨属、瘁螨属、疥螨属、跗线螨属、苜蓿苔螨、全爪螨属、叶螨属、半跗线螨属、短须螨属。
植物寄生线虫包括,例如短体线虫属、相似穿孔线虫、起绒草茎线虫、半穿刺线虫、异皮属、球异皮属、根结属、滑刃线虫属、长针线虫属、剑线属、毛刺属、伞滑刃线虫属。
本发明活性化合物组合物可被转化成为常规制剂如溶液剂、乳剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、粉剂、细粉剂、糊剂、可溶性粉剂、颗粒剂、浓悬浮乳剂、用活性化合物浸渍的天然和合成材料以及聚合物包封的微胶囊剂。
这些制剂是以已知方法制备的,例如通过将活性化合物与填充剂,即液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合而生产,制剂中任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。
在使用水作为填充剂的情况下,例如,也可使用有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂主要有:芳香烃类,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯代芳烃类或氯代脂肪烃类,如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂肪烃类,如环己烷或链烷烃,例如矿物油馏份、矿物油和植物油;醇类,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯类,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜,以及水。
适合的固体载体有:
例如,铵盐和天然矿物粉末,如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、硅镁土、蒙脱土或硅藻土,和合成矿物粉末,如高分散二氧化硅、氧化铝和硅酸盐;适合颗粒剂的固体载体有:例如,粉碎和分级的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,以及无机的合成颗粒和有机粉末,以及有机材料的颗粒如锯末、坚果壳、玉米穗茎和烟草茎;适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂有:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚,例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐以及蛋白水解产物;适合的分散剂有:例如木素亚硫酸废液和甲基纤维素。
在制剂中还可使用粘着剂如羧甲基纤维素和粉末、颗粒或胶乳状的天然或合成聚合物,如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂如脑磷脂和卵磷脂和合成磷脂。其它添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
可以使用的着色剂如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士兰,和有机染料,如茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,和痕量营养物如铁、锰、硼、铜、钴、钼和锌的盐。
制剂中通常含有按重量计0.1-95%,优选0.5-90%的活性化合物。
本发明活性化合物组合物可以其市售通用制剂和从上述制剂制备的应用形式,并与其它活性化合物的混合物的形式存在,其它活性化合物如杀虫剂、引诱剂、消毒剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、植物生长调节剂或除草剂。杀虫剂包括,例如磷酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、羧酸酯、卤代烃类、苯基脲类和从微生物中生产的物质。
还可与其它已知活性化合物如除草剂或与肥料和植物生长调节剂混合。
当用作杀虫剂时,本发明活性化合物组合物还可以其市售通用制剂和从上述制剂制备的应用形式,并与增效剂混合使用。增效剂是能够增加活性化合物活性,但加入的增效剂本身不必须有活性的化合物。
从市售通用制剂制备的应用形式中活性化合物的含量可在很宽的范围内变化。使用形式中活性化合物的浓度为0.0000001至95%重量的活性化合物,优选0.0001至1%重量。
本发明化合物以适合于应用形式的常规方法施用。
当用于防治卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫时,活性化合物组合物具有优异的木材和粘土残留活性以及对刷过石灰浆的底物具有很好的碱稳定性。
本发明活性化合物组合物不仅对植物害虫、卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫具有活性,而且在兽医领域,对防治动物寄生虫(外寄生虫)也有活性,例如硬蜱、软蜱、兽疥癣螨、虱状蒲螨、蝇(叮咬和吸食)、寄生性蝇幼虫、虱、头虱、羽虱和跳蚤。这些寄生虫包括:
虱目,例如,血虱属、颚虱属、虱属、Pthirus spp.、管虱属;
食毛目以及钝角亚目和细角亚目,例如,毛羽虱属、Menopon spp.、巨毛虱属、羽虱属、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentron spp.、畜虱属、嚼虱属、猫羽虱属;
双翅目以及长角亚目和短角亚目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属、真蚋属、白蛉属、Lutzomyia spp.、库蠓属、斑虻属、瘤虻属、黄虻属、虻属、麻翅虻属、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属.、家蝇属、齿股蝇属、螫蝇属、角蝇属、莫蝇属、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属、绿蝇属、金蝇属、Wohlfahrtia spp.、麻蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、Lipoptena spp.、蜱蝇属。
蚤目,例如,蚤属、栉首蚤属、印鼠客蚤属、角叶蚤属。
异翅亚目,例如,臭虫属、椎猎蝽属、红腹猎蝽属、全圆蝽属。
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、德国小蠊、蜚蠊属。
蜱螨目以及后气门亚目和中气门亚目,例如,锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、残喙蜱属、硬蜱属、花蜱属、牛蜱属、革蜱属、Haemophysalis spp.、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属、刺利螨属、肺刺螨属、胸孔螨属、瓦螨属。
辐螨亚目(前气门亚目)和粉螨目(无气门亚目),例如,蜂跗线螨属、姬螫螨属、禽螫厘螨属、肉螨属、疮螨属、蠕形螨属、恙螨属、牦螨属、粉螨属、食酪螨属、嗜木螨属、颈下螨属、翅螨属、瘙螨属、瘁螨属、耳螨属、疥螨属、痂螨属、疙螨属、胞螨属、皮膜螨属。
本发明活性化合物组合物也适用于防治侵扰农业家畜的节肢动物,农业家畜如牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、蜜蜂,其它家养动物,例如狗、猫、笼养鸟、水族馆的鱼,还有所谓的试验动物,例如田鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。通过防治上述节肢动物,旨在减少动物死亡和减产(肉、奶、毛、皮、蛋、蜜等)的情况,因此,通过使用本发明的活性化合物组合物可以使畜牧业管理更经济而简便。
应用于兽医领域时,本发明活性化合物组合物可通过已知方法即经肠给药,例如以片剂、胶囊剂、饮剂、灌药剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、大丸剂、喂食方法、栓剂等形式给药;非经肠给药,例如通过注射(肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、腹膜内注射等),植入法给药;经鼻给药;经皮肤给药,例如以浸泡或药浴、喷雾、泼浇、擦、洗刷、撒粉方式给药,也可借助于含有活性化合物的成型制品,例如项圈、耳饰物、尾饰物、肢环(带)、笼头、装饰器具等给药。
当用于牛、家禽、宠物等时,含有1-80%重量的活性化合物的组合物可以制剂形式(例如粉剂、乳剂、流动剂)直接或100-10,000倍稀释后使用,或用作药浴。
另外,发现本发明活性化合物组合物还对损坏工业材料的昆虫具有很强的杀虫活性。
作为实例并优选列出下述昆虫,但并不限于此:
鞘翅目昆虫,如
北美家天牛、绿虎天牛(Chlorophorus pilosis)、家具窃蠹、报死材窃蠹、类翼窃蠹、Dendrobium pertinex、松芽枝窃蠹、松产品窃蠹(Priobium carpini)、褐粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus africanus)、南方粉蠹、栎粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus pubescens)、胸粉蠹(Trogoxylonaequale)、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、条木小蠹属、咖啡黑长蠹、Bostrychuscapucins、褐异翅长蠹、棘长蠹属、竹竿粉长蠹。
革翅目,例如
蓝黑树蜂、云杉大树蜂、泰加大树蜂、大树蜂(Urocerus augur)
白蚁,例如
木白蚁(Kalotermes flavicollis)、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、欧美散白蚁、散白蚁(Reticulitermes santonensis)、散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、达尔文澳白蚁、内华达古白蚁、台湾乳白蚁。
缨尾目,例如台湾衣鱼
本发明意义上的工业材料可以理解为表示无活力材料,例如优选合成材料、粘合剂、胶、纸和板、皮革、木材、木制品和油漆。
木材以及木制品是特别需要优选保护使其免受昆虫侵袭的材料。
用本发明组合物或含有本发明组合物的混合物可以保护的木材和木制品可以理解为表示,例如:
建筑用木材、木梁、铁路轨枕、桥梁组件、桥型码头、木制交通工具、箱子、货架、集装箱、电话线杆、木外罩、木窗和木门、胶合板、粗纸板、在房屋建筑或建筑细木工行业中常用的细木工或木制品。
活性化合物组合物可直接,或以浓缩形式或常规制剂,如粉剂、颗粒剂、溶液、悬浮剂、乳剂或糊剂方式使用。
上述制剂可以已知方法制备,例如通过将活性化合物与至少一种溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂、分散剂和/或粘合剂或固定剂、抗水剂混合,以及如需要加入催干剂和UV稳定剂以及如需要加入染料和颜料,和其它加工助剂。
用于保护木材和木制品的杀虫组合物或浓缩物中包括0.0001至95%重量,特别是0.001至60%重量浓度的本发明活性化合物。
组合物或浓缩物的使用量是根据昆虫的种类和个体密度以及介质而确定的。最佳施用量各自可在应用时通过系列试验确定。然而基于需保护的材料,通常使用0.0001至20%重量,优选0.001至10%重量的活性化合物是足够的。
适合的溶剂和/或稀释剂是有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或低挥发性的油性或油类有机溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或极性有机溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或水,如需要可加入乳化剂和/或湿润剂。
优选使用的有机溶剂是油性或油类溶剂,其蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃,并优选大于45℃。用作上述低挥发度以及不溶于水的油性和油类溶剂物质适合的是矿物油或它们的芳族馏分,或含有矿物油的溶剂混合物,优选石油溶剂,石油和/或烷基苯。
优选使用沸程为170-220℃的矿物油,沸程为170-220℃的石油溶剂,沸程为250-350℃的锭子油,沸程为160-280℃的石油或芳烃,以及松节油等。
在优选实施方案中,使用沸程为180-210℃的液体脂族烃或沸程为180-220℃的芳族和脂族烃的高沸程混合物和/或锭子油和/或一氯代萘,优选α-一氯代萘。
蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃的低挥发度的有机油性或油类溶剂可用易或中挥发度的有机溶剂部分替换,条件是溶剂混合物的蒸发值同样大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃,以及该混合物可溶或可乳化于上述溶剂混合物中。
在优选实施方案中,部分有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物或脂族极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物被替代。优选使用含有羟基和/或酯和/或醚基的脂族有机溶剂,例如乙二醇醚、酯等。
本发明使用的有机化学粘合剂是合成树脂和/或粘合干性油,它们本身已知可用水稀释和/或可溶解或分散或乳化于上述使用的机化学溶剂中,特别是由下列物质组成的粘合剂或粘合剂包含丙烯酸树脂、乙烯基树脂,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚酯类树脂、缩聚或加聚树脂、聚氨酯树脂、醇酸树脂或改性的醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂、烃类树脂,如茚/香豆酮树脂、有机硅树脂、干性植物油和/或干性油和/或基于天然和/或合成树脂的物理干性粘合剂。
用作粘合剂的合成树脂可以乳剂、分散剂或溶液形式使用。沥青或沥青状物质也可用作粘合剂,用量至多为10%重量。还可以使用已知的染料、颜料、防水剂、气味调节剂和抑制剂或防腐剂等。
在本发明组合物或浓缩物中优选包括作为有机化学粘合剂的至少一种醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂和/或干性植物油。本发明优选使用含油量大于45%重量,优选50-68%重量的醇酸树脂。
上述粘合剂可全部或部分被固定剂(混合物)或增塑剂(混合物)替代。加入这些添加剂的目的是防止活性化合物的蒸发以及结晶或沉淀。它们优选替代0.01至30%的粘合剂(以使用的粘合剂为100%计)。
增塑剂选自邻苯二甲酸酯类的化学物质,如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯;磷酸酯类如磷酸三丁酯、己二酸酯,如二-(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯;硬脂酸酯,如硬脂酸丁酯或硬脂酸戊酯;油酸酯,如油酸丁酯;甘油醚或高分子量的乙二醇醚;甘油酯和对甲苯磺酸酯。
固定剂在化学上基于聚乙烯烷基醚,如聚乙烯基甲基醚或酮,如二苯甲酮和亚乙基二苯甲酮。
其它适用的溶剂或稀释剂特别是水,如需要可与一种或多种上述有机化学溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂和分散剂混合使用。
特别有效的木材保护方法是通过大批量的浸渍方法,例如通过真空、双真空或加压方法。
同样,本发明的活性化合物组合物可用于保护经常与海水或盐水接触的各种物品,如船体、滤器、网、船体结构、锚和信号装置免受生物附着。
由于定居性寡毛纲目,如龙介虫科以及甲壳类和Ledamorpha(茗荷儿)类,如各种茗荷属和铠茗荷属,或藤壶亚目(藤壶虫),如藤壶属或指茗荷属的附着增加了船体的摩擦阻力并由于增加了能源消耗以及经常滞留干船坞,这样明显增加了运营成本。
此外附着生物还有海藻,例如水云属和仙菜属,特别重要的是定居性软甲亚纲(昆甲类)的附着,该昆甲类包括在蔓足纲(蔓足类甲壳动物)中。
令人惊奇地,目前已发现本发明活性化合物组合物具有突出的防污(抗植被)作用。
使用本发明化合物组合物时,无需使用重金属,如,例如硫化二(三烷基锡)、月桂酸三正丁基锡、氯化三丁基锡、氧化亚铜、氯化三乙基锡、三正丁基(2-苯基-4-氯苯氧基)-锡、氧化三丁基锡、二硫化钼、氧化锑、聚合钛酸丁酯、苯基-(联吡啶)-三氯化铋、氟化三正丁基锡、亚乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锰、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧化物的锌和铜盐、双二甲基二硫代氨基甲酰基亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、氧化锌、亚乙基双二硫代氨基甲酸亚铜、硫氰酸铜、环烷酸铜和卤化三丁基锡,或显著降低上述化合物浓度。
如适合,现混现用防污漆还可包括其它活性化合物,优选杀藻剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、杀软体动物剂或其它防污活性化合物。
下列组分优选用于本发明防污组合物混合:
杀藻剂,如
2-叔丁基氨基-4-环丙基氨基-6-甲硫基-1,3,5-三嗪、双氯酚、敌草隆、草藻灭、醋酸三苯基锡、异丙隆、噻唑隆、乙氧氟草醚、灭藻醌和特丁净,
杀菌剂,如
苯并[b]噻吩甲酸环己基酰胺-S,S-二氧化物、抑菌灵、Fluorfolpet、3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯、对甲抑菌灵和唑类,如戊环唑、环唑醇、氧唑菌、己唑醇、环戊唑菌、丙环唑和戊唑醇;
杀软体动物剂,如
醋酸三苯基锡、四聚乙醛、灭虫威、贝螺杀、硫双威和混杀威;
或常用防污活性化合物,如
4,5-二氯-2-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、二碘甲基paratryl砜、2-(N,N-二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基硫基)-5-硝基噻唑基、2-吡啶硫醇、1-氧化物的钾、铜、钠和锌盐、吡啶三苯基硼烷、四丁基二锡氧烷、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲磺酰基)-吡啶、2,4,5,6-四氯间苯二腈、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆和2,4,6-三氯苯基马来酰亚胺。
使用的防污组合物中包含浓度为0.001至50%重量,特别是0.01至20%重量的本发明活性化合物组合物。
本发明防污组合物还包括在下述文献例如Ungerer,Chem.Ind.1985,37,730-732和Williams,Antifouling MarineCoatings,Noyes,Park Ridge,1973中公开的常用组分。
除了杀藻、杀菌、杀软体动物活性化合物和本发明的杀虫活性化合物外,防污涂料组合物中还特别包括粘合剂。
公知的粘合剂的实例包括溶剂体系中的聚氯乙烯、溶剂体系中的氯化橡胶、溶剂体系特别是含水体系中的丙烯酸树脂、水分散体形式或有机溶剂体系形式的氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物体系、丁二烯/苯乙烯/丙烯腈橡胶、干性油,如亚麻子油,树脂酯或与焦油或沥青、柏油以及环氧化合物、少量的氯化橡胶、氯化聚丙烯和乙烯基树脂混合形成的改性硬树脂。
如适合,涂料中还可包含优选不溶于海水的无机颜料、有机颜料或染料。涂料中还可包括如松香类物质,以使活性化合物可控制地释放。此外,涂料中可以包含增塑剂,影响流变性质的改良剂,以及其它常规组分。还可以将本发明化合物或上述混合物加入自抛光防污体系中。
活性化合物组合物还适于防治封闭空间,如公寓、厂房、办公室、车厢等空间中发生的有害生物,特别是昆虫、蜘蛛和螨。它们可通过被加入用于防治上述害虫的家用杀虫剂产品中使用。它们对敏感和抗性种群以及所有发育阶段都有杀虫活性。这些有害生物包括:
蝎目,例如钳蝎(Buthus occitanus)。
蜱螨目,例如波斯锐缘蜱、翘缘锐缘蜱、苔螨属、鸡皮刺螨、家食甜螨、非洲钝缘蜱、血红扇头蜱、恙螨(Trombicula alfreddugesi)、Neutrombicula autumnalis、屋尘螨、粉尘螨。
蛛形目,例如鸟蛤蛛科、园蛛科。
盲蛛目,例如拟蝎类(Pseudoscorpiones chelifer)、Pseudoscorpiones cheiridium、Opiliones phalangium。
等足目,例如潮虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如具斑马陆、山蛩虫属。
唇足目,例如地蜈蚣属。
Zygentoma目,例如栉衣鱼属、台湾衣鱼、Lepismodesinquilinus。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、德国小蠊、小蠊属(Blattella asahinai)、马得拉蜚蠊、角腹蠊属、木蠊属、澳洲大蠊、美洲大蠊、褐斑大蠊、黑胸大蠊、长须蜚蠊。
跳跃亚目,例如家蟀。
革翅目,例如欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如木白蚁属、散白蚁属。
啮虫目,例如Lepinatus属、粉啮虫属。
鞘翅目,例如圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、皮蠹属、长头谷蠹、隐跗郭公虫属、蛛甲属、谷蠹、谷象、米象、玉米象、药材甲。
双翅目,例如埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊、Aedes taeniorhynchus、按蚊属、红头丽蝇、高额麻虻、致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊、Culex tarsalis、果蝇属、夏厕蝇、家蝇、白蛉属、麻蝇(Sarcophaga carnaria)、蚋属、厩螫蝇、大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。
鳞翅目,例如小蜡螟、蜡螟、印度古斑螟、谷蛾、袋谷蛾、幕谷蛾。
蚤目,例如犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤、穿皮潜蚤、印鼠客蚤。
膜翅目,例如广布弓背蚁、亮毛蚁、黑毛蚁、Lasius umbratus、小家蚁、Paravespula属、铺道蚁。
虱目,例如头虱、体虱、阴虱。
异翅亚目,例如热带臭虫、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽,侵扰锥猎蝽。
它们可以如下述使用:气溶胶,非增压喷雾剂,例如泵喷雾、喷洒喷雾、烟雾发生器、浓雾、泡沫、凝胶、带有纤维素或聚合物制成的蒸发片的蒸发产品、液体蒸发器、凝胶和薄膜蒸发器、推进式蒸发器、不需能量或被动式蒸发系统、捕蛀虫纸、捕蛾袋和捕虫胶、作为颗粒剂或粉剂、在撒布饵料中或饵料位置。
根据本发明,可以处理所有植物和植物各部分。此处植物可以理解为所有植物以及植物群落如需要和不需要的野生植物或作物(包括自然长出的作物)。作物可以是通过常规植物育种和优化方法或通过生物技术和重组方法或上述方法的结合获得的植物,包括转基因植物以及包括获得或没有获得植物品种保护的植物品种,植物的各部分如茎、叶、花和根,可提及的实例为叶片、针叶、叶柄、树干、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎和根状茎。植物各部分还包括收获材料以及无性和有性繁殖材料,例如插条、块茎、根状茎、压枝和种子。
采用活性化合物进行植物和植物各部分的本发明处理方法是通过常规处理方法直接施用或将化合物作用于它们的环境、生境或贮藏区进行处理,例如浸渍、喷雾、熏蒸、弥雾、撒播、刷涂以及在繁殖材料特别是种子的情况下还可以进行一层或多层包衣。
如上所提及,可按照本发明处理所有植物及其各部分。在一个优选的实施方案中,处理已有的或通过常规的生物育种方法,如杂交或原生质体融合得到的植物种类和植物品种和其各部分。在另一个优选的实施方案中,处理通过基因工程方法,任选与常规方法联合(基因修饰生物体)得到的转基因植物和植物品种及其各部分。术语“各部分”或“植物的各部分”或“植物部分”在上面已作过解释。
按照本发明,特别优选处理在各种情况下市售可得的或在使用的植物品种的植物。
根据植物种类或植物品种、它们的栖息地和生长条件(土壤、气候、植物生长期、营养),按照本发明的处理方法还可导致外加的(“协同”)作用。因此,例如,可减少用量和/或拓宽活性谱和/或提高本发明所用的物质和组合物的活性、改善植物生长、增强对高或低温的耐受性、增强对旱灾或水灾或土壤盐量的耐受性、增加花卉的性能、易于收获、加速成熟、提高收获量、提高收获产品的质量和/或提高产品的营养价值、提高产品的储存稳定性和/或可加工性,这些超出了本身所期望的效果。
属于按照本发明优选进行处理的转基因植物或植物品种(即通过基因工程得到的那些)包括通过基因材料的基因工程修饰得到的所有植物,所述基因修饰赋予这些植物特别有利的有用的性能(“特性”)。这种性能的例子是较好的植物生长、增强对高或低温的耐受性、增强对旱灾或水灾或土壤盐量的耐受性、增加花卉的性能、易于收获、加速成熟、较高的收获产量、收获产品较好的质量和/或较高的营养价值、收获产品较好的储存稳定性和/或可加工性。进一步和特别强调的所述性能的例子是提高植物对动物和微生物的害虫,如昆虫、螨、植物病菌真菌、细菌和/或病毒的抵御性,以及提高植物对某些除草活性化合物的耐受性。可提及的转基因植物的例子是重要的作物植物,如谷类植物(小麦、稻)、玉米、大豆、土豆、棉花、油菜籽油菜和水果植物(水果为苹果、梨、柑橘属水果和葡萄),特别强调的是玉米、大豆、土豆、棉花和油菜籽油菜。特别强调的特性是通过在植物中产生的毒素,特别是通过来自Thuringiensis杆菌的基因物质(例如通过基因CryIA(a)、CryIA(b)、CryIA(c)、CryIIA、CryIIIA、CryIIIB2、Cry9c、Cry2Ab、Cry3Bb和CryIF及它们的联合)(下文称作“Bt植物”)在植物中产生的那些增强植物对昆虫的抵御。此外,特别强调的特性是植物对某些除草活性化合物,如咪唑啉酮类、磺酰脲类、草甘膦类或膦基麦黄酮(例如“PAT”基因)的增强的耐受性。给予所述的需要的特性的基因也可以在转基因植物中相互联合存在。可提及的“Bt植物”的例子是以商标名YIELD GARD(例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、KnockOut(例如玉米)、StarLink(例如玉米)、Bollgard(棉花)、Nucotn(棉花)和Newleaf(土豆)出售的玉米品种、棉花品种、大豆品种和土豆品种。可提及的耐受除草剂的植物是以商标名Roundup Ready(耐受 草甘膦,例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、Liberty Link(耐受膦基麦黄酮,例如油菜籽油菜)、IMI(耐受咪唑啉酮类)和STS(耐受磺酰脲类,例如玉米)出售的玉米品种、棉花品种、大豆品种。可提及的耐除草剂的植物(以常规方式除草剂耐受育种)包括以商标名Clearfield(例如玉米)出售的品种。当然,这些叙述也适用于具有所述特性或将来还要改良的基因特性的将来开发的植物或将来投放市场的植物品种。
所列的植物可按照本发明以特别有利的方式用本发明活性化合物混合物进行处理。上述优选的混合物范围也适用于这些植物的处理。特别强调的是用本文中特别提及的混合物处理植物。
由下列实施例可见本发明活性化合物组合物具有很好的杀虫和杀螨活性。在单个活性化合物表现的活性低的同时,组合物的活性超出了各化合物活性的简单加和。
当活性化合物混组合物的活性超出单独施用时各活性化合物活性总和时则存在杀虫剂和杀螨剂的增效作用。
根据S.R.Colby,Weeds
15(1967),20-22文献中如下所示公式可计算给定的两种活性化合物组合物的预期活性:
如果
X代表活性化合物A在施用量为
m g/ha或浓度为
m ppm时的死亡率,以未处里对照的%表示,
Y代表活性化合物B在施用量为
n g/ha或浓度为
n ppm时的死亡率,以未处里对照的%表示,以及
E代表活性化合物A和B在施用量为
m和
n g/ha或浓度为
m和n ppm时的死亡率,以未处里对照的%表示,
则
E=X+Y-(X*Y/100)
如果实际的杀虫致死率超过计算的预期值,那么组合物的活性就是超加和的,即具有增效活性。这种情况下,实际观测的杀死率必须高于按照上述公式计算的预期杀死率(E)的计算值。
经过规定时间,确定死亡率%。100%表示杀死所有动物;0%表示没有杀死一只动物。
实施例
临界浓度试验/土壤昆虫-转基因植物的处理
测试昆虫:土壤中的黄瓜条叶甲(Diabrotica balteata)-幼虫
溶剂: 7重量份丙酮
乳化剂: 1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将活性化合物制品倒到土壤表面上。在此制品中活性化合物的浓度实际上是不相关的,只与每单位体积土壤活性化合物的重量有关,该量用ppm(mg/l)表示。将该土壤装填到0.25l的盆中并将其保持在20℃。
在制备后立即将5颗预发芽的各种YIELD GUARD(Monsanto Comp.,USA的商标)的玉米粒种植于每一个盆中。2天后,将相应的的测试昆虫置于处理过的土壤上。再过7天后通过计数露出土表的玉米植物确定活性化合物的效率(1棵植物=20%的效率)。
实施例
烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)试验-转基因植物的处理
溶剂: 7重量份丙酮
乳化剂: 1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将各种Rundup Ready(Monsanto Comp.,USA的商标)的大豆嫩枝(Glycine max)通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制品中进行处理,并在大豆页仍然潮湿时放上烟夜蛾烟芽夜蛾。
在规定时间后测定昆虫的杀死率。
Claims (6)
1.一种组合物,它包含式(I)化合物和后面列出的化合物系列中的至少一种化合物的混合物,
其中
X代表C1-C6-烷基、卤素、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C3-卤代烷基,
Y代表氢、C1-C6-烷基、卤素、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C3-卤代烷基,
Z代表C1-C6-烷基、卤素或C1-C6-烷氧基,
n代表0-3的数,
A代表氢或各自任选被卤素取代的直链或支链C1-C12-烷基、C3-C8-链烯基、C3-C8-炔基、C1-C10-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C10-烷硫基-C2-C8-烷基、具有3-8个环原子的环烷基,该环烷基可被氧和/或硫间断以及代表各自任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基或硝基取代的苯基或苯基-C1-C6-烷基,
B代表氢、C1-C6-烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C4-烷基
或其中
A和B与和它们连接的碳原子一起形成饱和或不饱和的3-至8-元环,该环任选被氧和/或硫间断并任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷硫基或任选被取代的苯基取代或任选苯并稠合,
G代表氢(a)或代表基团
其中
R1代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C20-烷基、C2-C20-链烯基、C1-C8-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-烷硫基-C2-C8-烷基、C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基或可被氧和/或硫间隔的3-8个环原子的环烷基,
代表任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基,
代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基-C1-C6-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素和/或C1-C6-烷基取代的吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻唑基或吡唑基,
代表任选被卤素和/或C1-C6-烷基取代的苯氧基-C1-C6-烷基,
R2代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C20-烷基、C2-C20-链烯基、C1-C8-烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基或C1-C8-多烷氧基-C2-C8-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基或C1-C6-卤代烷基取代的苯基或苄基,
R3代表任选被卤素取代的C1-C8-烷基、代表各自任选被C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、硝基或氰基取代的苯基或苄基,
R4和R5各自独立地代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C8-烷基、C1-C8-烷氧基、C1-C8-烷基氨基、二-(C1-C8)-烷基氨基、C1-C8-烷硫基、C2-C5-链烯基硫基、C2-C5-炔硫基或C3-C7-环烷基硫基,代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基或C1-C4-卤代烷基取代的苯基、苯氧基或苯硫基,
R6和R7各自独立地代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C10-烷基、C1-C10-烷氧基、C3-C8-链烯基或C1-C8-烷氧基-C1-C8-烷基,代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C1-C6-烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基取代的苯基,代表任选被卤素、C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基或C1-C6-烷氧基取代的苄基或一起代表5-或6-元环,该环任选被氧或硫间断并任选被C1-C6-烷基取代,
所述化合物系列包含下列化合物:
联苯肼酯
齐墩螨素
灭螨醌
氟唑虫清
杀螨硫隆
特苯噁唑
唑环锡
三环锡
吡螨胺
唑螨酯
哒螨酮
氟虫脲
氟氯菊酯
Clofentezin
杀螨锡
对甲抑菌灵
嘧啶基酚醚(XVII-XIX)
艾可敌105
齐墩螨素
米尔螨素
硫丹
喹螨醚
嘧胺苯醚
苯赛螨
三氯杀螨砜
克螨特
噻螨酮
溴螨酯
开乐散
灭螨猛。
2.权利要求1的组合物,它包含式(I)化合物
其中
X代表C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C2-卤代烷基,
Y代表氢、C1-C4-烷基、卤素、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C2-卤代烷基,
Z代表C1-C4-烷基、卤素或C1-C4-烷氧基,
n代表0或1,
A和B与和它们连接的碳原子一起形成饱和的、任选被C1-C4-烷基或C1-C4-烷氧基取代的5-或6-元环,
G代表氢(a)或代表基团
其中
R1代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-链烯基、C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C6-烷基或可被1或2个氧和/或硫原子间断的具有3-7个环原子的环烷基,
代表任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C1-C3-卤代烷基或C1-C3-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基,
R2代表各自任选被卤素取代的C1-C16-烷基、C2-C16-链烯基或C1-C6-烷氧基-C2-C6-烷基,
代表各自任选被卤素、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基或C1-C4-卤代烷基取代的苯基或苄基。
4.权利要求1、2和3所述混合物用于防治有害生物的用途。
5.防治有害生物的方法,其特征在于将权利要求1、2和3所述混合物作用于有害生物和/或它们的栖息地。
6.杀虫和杀螨组合物的制备方法,其特征在于将权利要求1、2和3所述混合物与填充剂和/或表面活性剂混合。
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DE19913174A1 (de) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-09-28 | Bayer Ag | Synergistische insektizide Mischungen |
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-
2000
- 2000-03-21 DE DE10013914A patent/DE10013914A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-08 WO PCT/EP2001/002610 patent/WO2001070027A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-08 JP JP2001568236A patent/JP2003528059A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-08 BR BRPI0109346-0A patent/BR0109346B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-08 DE DE50105775T patent/DE50105775D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-08 AU AU2001252169A patent/AU2001252169A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-08 EP EP01925397A patent/EP1267620B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-08 KR KR1020027011333A patent/KR100730000B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-08 US US10/221,970 patent/US6706758B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-08 MX MXPA02009219A patent/MXPA02009219A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-08 ES ES01925397T patent/ES2239132T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-08 CN CNA018065570A patent/CN1635834A/zh active Pending
- 2001-03-20 EG EG20010273A patent/EG23228A/xx active
- 2001-03-21 TW TW090106526A patent/TWI257291B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-21 AR ARP010101319A patent/AR030555A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2002
- 2002-08-19 ZA ZA200206608A patent/ZA200206608B/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-01-27 US US10/765,249 patent/US7205289B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CN102726404A (zh) * | 2012-06-09 | 2012-10-17 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | 含有螺甲螨酯和唑螨酯的杀螨组合物 |
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CN103621549B (zh) * | 2012-08-25 | 2015-10-28 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | 一种杀螨组合物 |
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CN105900985A (zh) * | 2012-08-30 | 2016-08-31 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | 一种含螺甲螨酯与生物源类的农药组合物 |
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CN104585179A (zh) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-05-06 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | 一种含有吡螨胺和螺螨双酯的增效杀螨组合物 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001070027A2 (de) | 2001-09-27 |
EP1267620A2 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
KR100730000B1 (ko) | 2007-06-20 |
DE50105775D1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
DE10013914A1 (de) | 2001-09-27 |
WO2001070027A3 (de) | 2002-06-27 |
ZA200206608B (en) | 2003-08-19 |
BR0109346B1 (pt) | 2012-12-11 |
AU2001252169A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 |
US7205289B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 |
MXPA02009219A (es) | 2003-05-23 |
TWI257291B (en) | 2006-07-01 |
EG23228A (en) | 2004-08-31 |
JP2003528059A (ja) | 2003-09-24 |
BR0109346A (pt) | 2003-06-17 |
US20040186171A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
AR030555A1 (es) | 2003-08-27 |
US20030114312A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
KR20020079923A (ko) | 2002-10-19 |
US6706758B2 (en) | 2004-03-16 |
EP1267620B1 (de) | 2005-03-30 |
ES2239132T3 (es) | 2005-09-16 |
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