CN1631850A - biological foliar fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention has supplied biological leaf fertilizer, whose characteristics is that it includes chemical agent, biological organic matter, chelating agent, penetrant and microbe fermentation liquor and the solid raw material and mess ratio are: urea50-55%, potassium dihydrogenphosphate20-25%, potassium chloride 7-8%, boric acid0.3-0.5%, boric acid0.2-0.4%, copper sulfate0.1-0.2%, calcium nitrate0.5-1.5%, magnesium sulfate0.2-0.4%, zinc sulfate0.2-0.4%, manganese sulphate0.2-0.3%, ammonium molybdate0.05-0.1%, fulvic acid14-15%, EDTA chelating agent1-2%, AEO-20 penetrant 0.05-0.1%, mix the raw material of the above mix water 160~70deg.C in the ratio of 2:3, after 24 hours, add microbe fermentation liquor into the liquid filtered by 0.5~1mL/kg, then adjust the PH value to 5.0~6.0, finally, obtain the invention. The leaf fertilizer contains lots of macroelements and all kinds of secondary and microelements, and also contains metabolic product of microbe fermentation, beneficial microbe flora,chelating agent, penetrant and growth regulating agent, without poison, smell and side effect, it is safe and reliable, can increase the quantity and quality of agricultural products.

Description

biological foliar fertilizer

Technical field

The invention provides a biological foliage fertilizer, which belongs to the technical field of fertilizers.

Background technique

There are many types of foliar fertilizers on the market, but they can be summed up into four types: the first type is hormone type, and its ingredients are mainly plant growth regulators; the second type is nutrient type, which mainly contains large amounts and Micronutrient elements, and some organic substances (organic acids); the third category is biological type, which contains nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast, bacteria that decompose P, K, etc., and some bacteria that are beneficial to soil improvement and crop growth; The fourth category is the comprehensive type, that is, it contains both nutrients and plant growth regulators, and some also add pesticides and microbial agents.

The early foliar fertilizers were mainly of the first and second types. Pure plant growth regulators such as ethephon and gibberellin belonged to the first type. Ethylene was used to accelerate fruit ripening and promote rice tillering; gibberellin was used to promote seed growth. Germination and plant growth. With the advancement of science and technology, foliar fertilizer has gradually transformed from a single nutrient type and a hormone type to a comprehensive type.

In the early 1980s, my country began to develop foliar fertilizers by itself, and achieved certain results. The first generation of foliar fertilizers was a simple blending type, which was designed according to the nutritional balance needs of plants and the correction of serious plant deficiencies. It chooses various inorganic salt sources for simple blending, among which the representative one is "Greenleaf" (GREENLEAF) in the United States. The formula is mainly Mg, Fe, N, and some other ingredients are mixed. The fertilizer source is S salt. And urea, "B-Mg-P" leaf fertilizer produced in the Soviet Union and domestic foliar fertilizer No. 1 and No. 2 are all first-generation foliar fertilizers. This type of foliar fertilizer is characterized by wide application range, simple composition, remarkable effect and economic benefits, and it still has a certain market. The disadvantage is that the concentration of active ingredients is small, and there is usually a layer of lipids on the surface of the leaves, resulting in poor spreading of the leaf fertilizer solution, inorganic salts, especially trace elements, are difficult for plants to directly absorb and utilize, and the nutrient composition is unreasonable wait.

Conventional foliar fertilizers currently on the market have the following disadvantages:

1. Low content of macroelements

Due to the production process, the conventional foliar fertilizers have low content of N, P and K, three macroelements, which cannot meet the demand for nutrients in the later stage of crop growth, resulting in the phenomenon of defertilization in the late stage of crop growth, and the benefit of increasing production is not significant.

2. Insufficient content of medium and trace elements

The growth and development of crops requires 16 kinds of medium and trace elements in addition to a certain amount of macronutrients, and these trace elements interact, and the lack of one or several trace elements seriously affects the growth and development of plants, causing plant growth and development. Deficiencies occur in The foliar fertilizers on the market often lack one or several medium or trace elements, which restricts the use effect.

3. Lack of biological organic matter

Pure chemical foliar fertilizer, long-term use is likely to cause shortcoming of fertilizer effect period, decline in crop product quality, and pollute the environment.

4. Growth regulators are mostly chemical reagents

Conventional foliar fertilizers, some products also add growth regulators, but they are all chemical types, the amount of addition is difficult to control, and it is easy to cause excessive growth or damage to crops.

5. The dosage form is unreasonable, precipitation or stratification occurs

When chemical reagents are used to produce foliar fertilizers, the chemical reagents will undergo chemical reactions in the aqueous solution, resulting in precipitation or stratification. Appropriate organic additives must be added to make the various chemical components fully compatible. Otherwise, it will affect the application effect in the slightest, and cause phytotoxicity in severe cases.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biological foliar fertilizer which can overcome the above-mentioned defects, has high macroelement content, complete medium and microelement content, and excellent performance. Its technical solution is:

A biological foliar fertilizer is characterized in that it includes chemical reagents, biological organic matter, chelating agent, penetrating agent and microbial fermentation liquid, wherein the solid raw materials and the weight ratio are: urea 50-55%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25% , potassium chloride 7-8%, boric acid 0.3-0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.4%, copper sulfate 0.1-0.2%, calcium nitrate 0.5-1.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2-0.4%, zinc sulfate 0.2-0.4% , manganese sulfate 0.2～0.3%, ammonium molybdate 0.05～0.1%, fulvic acid 14～15%, EDTA chelating agent 1～2%, AEO-20 penetrant 0.05～0.10%, the total amount of the above raw materials and 60～ Mix water at 70°C in the ratio of 2:3 in the reactor. After reacting for 24 hours, add the filtered liquid to the microbial fermentation broth at a ratio of 0.5-1ml per kilogram, and then adjust the pH value to 5.0-6.0 to obtain this product. Invention of foliar fertilizer.

Described biological foliar fertilizer, the optimum weight proportion of above-mentioned raw material is urea 51.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 22.1%, potassium chloride 7.4%, boric acid 0.4%, ferrous sulfate 0.3%, copper sulfate 0.15%, nitric acid Calcium 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, manganese sulfate 0.22%, ammonium molybdate 0.07%, fulvic acid 14.7%, EDTA chelating agent 1.5%, AEO-20 penetrant 0.07%.

The biological foliar fertilizer is prepared by adding 0.5 kg of bean cake, 0.1 kg of wheat bran, 0.2 kg of white sugar, and 10 liters of water into a fully automatic fermenter, and adding 5 to 10% of Fusarium moniliforme after sterilization AS-3, 2960 strains, was fermented for 7 days at 35°C under the condition of 1:0.5 ventilation, then added sterile distilled water to make up 10 liters, and filtered to obtain the microbial fermentation broth.

The biological foliar fertilizer of the present invention is a black liquid with a _{specific gravity of 1.15-1.2 and a pH range of 5.0-6.0, wherein the macroelements: N16.0-16.5%, P2O5 5-6} %, _K2O 4.0-4.5%, Medium elements: Ca 0.1～0.15%, Mg 0.01～0.03%, S0.1～0.15%, trace elements: Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Mo and Cl total content 0.5～0.6%, additives: chelate Mixture (EDTA) 0.8-1.2%, penetrant (AEO-20) 0.04-0.06%, bio-organic ingredients: fulvic acid 8-12%, microbial fermentation broth trace amount, total active ingredients: macroelements + moderate elements + Trace element + fulvic acid is 35-38%.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The content of macroelements is high, and the content of medium and trace elements is complete;

(2) Contains metabolites produced by microbial fermentation and biological extracts. In addition to directly participating in crop growth and metabolism, this substance can also activate crop cell tissues, improve plant organ functions, and enhance crop resistance to adversity;

(3) It contains beneficial microbial flora, and the beneficial microorganisms attached to the plants (flowers and fruits) form a dominant flora, which can inhibit the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. effect;

(4) Containing chelating agent, penetrating agent and spreading agent, chelated trace elements have good stability, good mobility and solubility in plants, high concentration of active ingredients, easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants, and High activity, less dosage;

(5) Contains biologically extracted growth regulators, which can increase the contact area between nutrient elements and leaves, and promote the absorption and transformation of nutrients; use advanced synthesis, purification technology and plant exogenous hormones and other related technologies to make foliar fertilizers It is mixed with plant hormones, pesticides and other foliar fertilizers that integrate multiple functions. It has multiple functions and is the product of a variety of advanced technologies. Adding plant exogenous hormones can be applied together with pesticides. Increase the function of foliar fertilizer and reduce the cost;

(6) Non-toxic, tasteless, safe and reliable, without side effects. This fertilizer is refined according to the nutritional characteristics and fertilizer requirements of vegetable crops, using scientific formula and advanced production technology. After use, it can increase the leaf area of crops, increase the chlorophyll Increased content, enhanced photosynthesis; developed root system; increased accumulation of sugar and dry matter; enhanced crop resistance to early, waterlogging and disease resistance; promote early maturity of crops; improve the grade of crop products; Out ratio 1:10-24.

Detailed ways

Example 1

1. Production of microbial fermentation liquid: Add 0.5 kg of bean cake, 0.1 kg of wheat bran, 0.2 kg of sugar, and 10 liters of water into a fully automatic fermentation tank, and insert 8% of Fusarium moniliforme AS-3, 2960 strains, after sterilization. Ferment for 7 days at 35° C. under the condition of 1:0.5 ventilation, then add sterile distilled water to make up 10 liters, and filter to obtain the microbial fermentation broth.

2. Add 350 kg of urea, 150 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 kg of potassium chloride, 2.5 kg of boric acid, 2 kg of ferrous sulfate, 1 kg of copper sulfate, and nitric acid into the reactor with 500 kg of water. 7 kg of calcium, 2 kg of magnesium sulfate, 2 kg of zinc sulfate, 1.5 kg of manganese sulfate, 0.5 kg of ammonium molybdate, 100 kg of fulvic acid, 10 kg of chelating agent EDTA, and 0.5 kg of penetrant AEO-20 were added to the above raw materials, fully After mixing and reacting for 24 hours, the filtered liquid was added to the microbial fermentation broth at a rate of 0.7ml per kilogram, and hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH value to 5.5 to obtain the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.

This foliar fertilizer is a black liquid with a specific gravity of 1.19 and a pH range of 5.5. Major elements: N 16.2%, P ₂ O ₅ 5.5%, K ₂ O 4.3%, middle elements: Ca 0.11%, Mg 0.02%, S 0.11%, trace elements: total content of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Mo and Cl 0.55%, additives: chelating agent (EDTA) 1%, penetrant (AEO-20) 0.05%, bio-organic component fulvic Acid 10%, growth regulator: trace amount of microbial fermentation broth, total active ingredients: macroelements + moderate elements + trace elements + fulvic acid is 36.8%.

We have done the pilot test of the biological foliage fertilizer of the present invention in 2001-2002, choose 3 greenhouses, be respectively No. I (crop: ground kidney bean); No. II (crop: tomato); No. III (crop: Gru West Asia green pepper). Three plots of land (5m×10m) were selected for each shed, basic measurements were made, and foliar fertilizer and water were sprayed as controls. The spraying concentration is 100ml/acre, the random sampling method is used for investigation and measurement, and the statistical analysis method of sampling is used for data processing. The pilot test results are as follows:

          Table 1, Spraying foliar fertilizers on the growth of greenhouse vegetable plants (unit: cm)

Shed No.

Variety

I II II III III

Biological foliar fertilizer 6.75 21.40 21.35

Clear water control 4.85 19.50 16.00

Table 2. Survey on stamens and fruits of plants in No. III shed (unit; cm)

                                          

Variety

(Average) Shape Gloss (Length/Width)

Bio-Foliar Fertilizer 90.50 Straighter Brighter (17.00/2.60)

Clear water control 81.00 is more curved and darker (13.20/2.28)

It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that after spraying the foliar fertilizer, the roots, stems and leaves of the seedlings grew more prominently than those of the control treatment, showing that the root system of the vegetable seedlings was well developed, the stems of the seedlings were strong, and the leaves were bright. From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that the plants sprayed with foliar fertilizer in the greenhouse have the largest number of stamens, and the fruits are regular in shape, bright in color, and full.

Table 3. Effect of spraying foliar fertilizer on vegetable quality

Processing Test Items

Sample

Product Soluble Vc Crude Protein Dry Matter Crude Cellulose Moisture

% Total sugar % mg/100g % % % % %

Spicy clear water control 0.47 20.80 1.86 6.72 0.67 93.28

Pepper After spraying fertilizer 0.48 20.80 1.57 6.47 0.64 93.53

Vegetables Clear water control 2.15 25.30 1.00 5.69 0.47 94.31

Beans After fertilizer spraying 2.20 28.50 0.98 5.85 0.51 94.35

It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that after spraying fertilizer on the two crops, the soluble sugar increased by 0.01% and 0.05% respectively, the moisture increased by 0.25% and 0.04% respectively, and the Vc of the kidney bean increased by 3.20mg/100g. Due to the increase of protein, mineral matter, sugar and Vc content, the palatability of the fruit is enhanced, the fruit is crisp, tender and delicious, and it is listed 8-10 days earlier. It is disease-resistant, drought-resistant, low-temperature resistant, and storage-resistant.

Experiments prove that the biological foliage fertilizer of the invention has strong pertinence, fast absorption speed, is not affected by soil environment, and can make up for the deficiency of root system fertilizer absorption. During the growth of vegetables, spraying the biological foliar fertilizer of the present invention can increase the leaf area of crops and enhance photosynthesis; the root system is well developed; Cell elongation increases plant height, preserves flowers and fruits, and improves fruit quality. Promote early maturity of crops; improve the grade of crop products; increase the yield by 10-15%, and the input-output ratio is 1:13.5. Soluble sugar is beneficial to increase the cold resistance of plants and is easily absorbed by the human body. Vitamin C is involved in the formation of collagen, the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and the promotion of better absorption of Fe, Ca and folic acid by the human body. Water can make the fruit fresh and juicy.

Claims (3)

1. A biological foliar fertilizer, characterized in that it includes chemical reagents, biological organic matter, chelating agent, penetrating agent and microbial fermentation liquid, wherein the solid raw materials and weight ratio are: urea 50-55%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20- 25%, potassium chloride 7-8%, boric acid 0.3-0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.4%, copper sulfate 0.1-0.2%, calcium nitrate 0.5-1.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2-0.4%, zinc sulfate 0.2- 0.4%, manganese sulfate 0.2-0.3%, ammonium molybdate 0.05-0.1%, fulvic acid 14-15%, EDTA chelating agent 1-2%, AEO-20 penetrant 0.05-0.10%, the total amount of the above raw materials and Mix water at 60-70°C in the ratio of 2:3 in the reactor. After reacting for 24 hours, add the filtered liquid to the microbial fermentation broth at a ratio of 0.5-1ml per kilogram, and then adjust the pH value to 5.0-6.0, that is Obtain the foliar fertilizer of the present invention. 2. The biological foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optimal weight ratio of the above-mentioned solid raw materials is 51.5% of urea, 22.1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7.4% of potassium chloride, 0.4% of boric acid, sulfuric acid Ferrous 0.3%, copper sulfate 0.15%, calcium nitrate 1.0%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, zinc sulfate 0.3%, manganese sulfate 0.22%, ammonium molybdate 0.07%, fulvic acid 14.7%, EDTA chelating agent 1.5%, AEO- 20 Penetrant 0.07%. 3. The biological foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: to make the microbial fermentation liquid, add 0.5 kg of bean cake, 0.1 kg of wheat bran, 0.2 kg of white sugar, and 10 liters of water into a fully automatic fermenter, and sterilize Then add 5-10% of Fusarium moniliforme AS-3, 2960 strains, ferment for 7 days at 35°C and the ventilation rate of 1:0.5, then add sterile distilled water to make up 10 liters, and filter to obtain microbial fermentation liquid.