CN1603612A

CN1603612A - Combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine

Info

Publication number: CN1603612A
Application number: CNA2004100675751A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈昕; 竺晓程; 欧阳华; 杜朝辉
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Priority date: 2004-10-28
Filing date: 2004-10-28
Publication date: 2005-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2024-10-28
Also published as: CN1318756C

Abstract

One kind of lifting force, the resistance union vertical pulls out the anemometer, uses in the wind power generation equipment area of technology. Including: Conduction current installment, rack, rotor fixed disc, leaf blade, air deflector. The rotor fixed disc, the leaf blade, air deflector composes the rotor, the leaf blade vertical establishment on the rotor fixed disc, air deflector central and rotor revolution axis superposition, air deflector the establishment direction is consistent with leaf blade's chord wire direction, the rotor and the conduction current installment fix on the rack. The invention when the leaf blade and the incident flow included angle compares the hour, the leaf blade receives the air current function and leaf blade's lifting force; When the leaf blade and the incident flow included angle is bigger, the leaf blade receives on the air current function and leaf blade's resistance. When like this is in the running free position, the leaf blade receives on the air current function and leaf blade's resistance. Like this is in when the running free position the leaf blade may fully use the wind energy. Regarding occupies against the wind time the position leaf blade, the air current reversed direction function to the leaf blade, simultaneously also may actuate the rotor rotation, therefore greatly enhanced the wind wheel efficiency.

Description

Lift, resistance combined vertical axis wind mill

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vertical axis windmill, specifically is a kind of lift, resistance combined vertical axis wind mill, is used for technical field of wind power generating equipment.

Technical background

Wind energy has a good application prospect and potentiality to be exploited as a kind of inexhaustible, nexhaustible novel energy.The wind energy resources of China is abundanter, greatly develops the requirement that the wind-powered electricity generation cause meets the sustainable development strategy of China's establishment.Wind energy conversion system is the main device of Wind Power Utilization.If existing wind driven generator principal horizontal axis high speed wind wheel.Its major defect is exactly to need higher startup wind speed, and need according to the variation of wind direction adjust wind wheel towards.Vertical axis windmill do not need to adjust wind wheel towards.

Find by prior art documents, mainly contain two types vertical axis windmill at present: lift-type wind energy conversion system and shaft resistance type windmill.David A Spear, PHD, " Wind TurbineTechnology Fundamental Conception Of Wind Turbine Engineering " " basic conception of wind energy conversion system technology---wind energy conversion system " of writing, New York ASME (The American Society ofMechanical Engineers) PRESS 1994 (New York American Society of Mechanical Engineers publishing house 1994), chapter 2 (49 in this book, 58,60 pages), chapter 3, (93,94 pages) mention: the lift-type wind energy conversion system, utilize air-flow that the lift of blade is driven the wind wheel rotation, need bigger startup wind speed.Shaft resistance type windmill utilizes air-flow that the resistance of blade is driven the wind wheel rotation, does not need very big startup wind speed, therefore also can use in the lower area of mean wind velocity.But blade can not get driving the power of wind wheel rotation basically when blade and wind speed direction angle are smaller.Lift, resistance combined vertical axis wind mill can make full use of lift and the resistance of incoming flow air to blade, therefore can improve the efficient of wind wheel greatly.In further retrieving, do not find bibliographical information as yet about lift, resistance combined vertical axis wind mill.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to improve the deficiency of existing vertical axis aerogenerator, a kind of lift, resistance combined vertical axis wind mill are provided, make it reduce the requirement of vertical axis windmill, improve the working efficiency of vertical axis windmill work wind speed.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprising: flow guide device, frame, rotor fixed disc, blade, guide plate.Rotor fixed disc, blade, guide plate are formed rotor, and blade is vertically set on the rotor fixed disc, and the center of guide plate overlaps with the rotating shaft of rotor, guide plate that direction is set is consistent with the string of a musical instrument direction of blade, rotor and flow guide device are fixed on the frame.

Each rotor comprises two blades, they are parallel, be vertically fixed on the rotor fixed disc, the sharf symmetry is positioned over the rotor shaft both sides, can increase the unit time air-flow like this and blade be done the time of positive work, blade adopts the intensity height, the material that density is little, and blades height is 3 ~ 4 times of its chord length, and the blade offset distance is much smaller than the chord length of blade, and in rotating shaft place the guide plate that is parallel to the blade string of a musical instrument is installed.To act on the air-flow of blade by flow guide device be running shaft place non-interference with the air-flow that does not directly act on blade by flow guide device in two blade rear ends in order to make, and reduces the working efficiency of wind wheel, with the placement of staggering of two blades, and installs guide plate additional.Can reduce phase mutual interference like this, increase the output power of wind wheel, improve the efficient of wind wheel by two blade air-flows.

When the blade rotation direction was opposite with wind speed, the active force that air-flow acts on the blade was the power that stops rotor rotation.Take place for fear of this situation, the present invention uses flow guide device, and flow guide device is the casing that an airflow inlet and two flow outlets are arranged, and the height of flow guide device is identical with blades height, and its width is slightly larger than the blade chord length.Make the air-flow that is in the contrary wind position can all enter flow guide device like this.The inner chamber of flow guide device is similar to the C type, its airflow inlet and flow outlet in the same way, be in like this air-flow of position against the wind can acting in opposition in blade.Airflow inlet is highly identical with blade height with being shaped as of flow outlet, the rectangle that width is different.And the width of airflow inlet is greater than the width of flow outlet.For the air flow stream that makes this part act on blade goes out wind wheel, near airflow inlet, add second flow outlet again.Second flow outlet is two cylindrical channels, and its diameter is roughly half of blade chord length.In order to make air-flow flow out wind wheel,, install baffle plate additional before the cylindrical passageway outlet in the flow guide device outside from cylindrical passageway.Baffle plate and airflow inlet are in same plane.

To such an extent as to the air-flow of position does not directly act on the moment that blade produces the obstruction rotor rotation in order to guarantee to be in against the wind, the airflow inlet of flow guide device should face local wind direction all the time.Consider the instantaneous variation of wind direction, therefore if the airflow inlet that guarantees flow guide device towards and local wind direction between angle between positive and negative 5 °.But because annual wind direction excursion is very big, rack-mounted flow guide device is designed to can be around the flow guide device of rotor shaft rotation.

When the angle of attack of incoming flow air and blade hour, rotor makes full use of air the lift of blade is driven rotor.When the angle of attack of incoming flow air and blade was big, rotor utilized air that the resistance of blade is driven rotor, can make blade when being in diverse location make full use of the energy of incoming flow air like this.Air, is adorned and is acted on blade in the other direction after flow guide device makes the air communication that is in the contrary wind position cross flow guide device for stoping the power of rotor rotation blade generation active force when blade is in the contrary wind position.Air-flow oppositely flows out flow guide device from flow outlet along casing after airflow inlet enters flow guide device, this part air-flow acts on the blade of position against the wind, discharges from second flow outlet of flow guide device then.Rotor is converted to mechanical energy with wind energy, the negative torque that the present invention may occur when coming the operation of balance wind wheel with two rotors that turn 90 degrees partially mutually.

Wind energy conversion system among the present invention, when the angle of blade and incoming flow hour, blade is subjected to the lift that air-flow acts on blade; When the angle of blade and incoming flow was big, blade was subjected to air-flow and acts on resistance on the blade.Blade when being in downwind position like this can utilize wind energy fully.Blade when being in position against the wind, air-flow acts on blade in the other direction, equally also can drive rotor rotation, has therefore improved the efficient of wind wheel greatly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic representation of the present invention.

Among Fig. 1,1-flow guide device, 2-frame, 3-rotor fixed disc, 4-blade, 5-guide plate.

Fig. 2 is the blade in the rotor and the relative position schematic representation of guide plate.

Fig. 3 is the flow guide device structural representation.

Among Fig. 3,7-airflow inlet, 8-flow outlet 2,9-flow outlet 1,10-baffle plate.

Fig. 4 is a flow guide device plan structure schematic representation.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes: flow guide device 1, frame 2, rotor fixed disc 3, blade 4, guide plate 5, rotor fixed disc 3, blade 4, guide plate 5 are formed rotor, blade 4 is vertically set on the rotor fixed disc 3, the center of guide plate 5 overlaps with the rotating shaft of rotor, the installation direction of guide plate 5 is consistent with the string of a musical instrument direction of blade 4, and rotor and flow guide device 1 are fixed on the frame 2.

Each rotor comprises two blades, and they are parallel, be vertically fixed on the rotor fixed disc 3, and is symmetrical in rotor shaft.Blade 4 adopts the intensity height, the material that density is little, and it highly is 3 ~ 4 times of chord length, and two blades, 4 offset distances are much smaller than the chord length of blade 4.Rotating shaft place setting is parallel to the guide plate 5 of blade 4 strings of a musical instrument.

Flow guide device 1 is the casing that an airflow inlet 7 and two flow outlets 8,9 are arranged, the width of flow guide device, and second flow outlet 8 is two cylindrical channels, its diameter is half of blade 4 chord lengths.In order to make air-flow flow out wind wheel from cylindrical passageway, in flow guide device 1 outside, install baffle plate 10 additional before second flow outlet 8, baffle plate 10 is in same plane with airflow inlet 7.

The embodiment of apparatus of the present invention below is provided:

In the present embodiment, blade chord length: l=a, blade height: H=3 ~ 4a, guide plate is long: l _d=0.5a, fixed disc diameter: D=2.2a, fixed disc is thick: l _y=0.1 ~ 0.2a.

In order not make two strands of incoming flows in the phase mutual interference of blade rear end, reduce the performance of wind wheel, two blades are offset a segment distance (slipping e=0.2a, vertical shift d=0.35a) mutually.And the use guide plate, as shown in Figure 2.

The negative torque situation that occurs when rotating in order to be equilibrated at, wind wheel uses two rotors of 90 ° of mutual deflections.

According to the difference of local mean wind velocity, the size of the chord length a value of blade also changes accordingly.Local wind speed is big more, and blade chord length a (m) value is also big more.If local mean wind velocity is v (m/s), the relation of chord length a and v is roughly as follows so: a=0.8 ~ 1.2v.

Flow guide device is another vitals among the design, and its structure as shown in Figure 3.Be in airflow inlet 7 backs that the air-flow of position against the wind enters in the flow guide device 1 and flow out from first flow outlet 9, this part air-flow flows out from second flow outlet 8 after acting on blade.

Wherein the height of flow guide device is identical with blade height, and airflow inlet 7 width are 4/5 of rotor radius.The width of first flow outlet 9 is 2/5 of a rotor radius.Angle β=15 between the normal of the airflow inlet 7 and first flow outlet 9 °～20 °.Flow guide device 1 interior smooth reduces air on-way resistance inside as far as possible.Second flow outlet 8 is two cylindrical tube, and diameter is 1/2 of a rotor radius.The distance of two pipeline center is 1/2 of flow guide device 1 height H.The distance of its centre distance flow guide device 1 bottom of pipeline that the position is low is 1/4 of H.Angle γ=45 between pipe centerline (i.e. second flow outlet 8 and airflow inlet 7) normal °～50 °.

Claims

1. A combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine, comprising: a frame (2), a fixed rotor disc (3), and blades (4), characterized in that it also includes: a flow guide device (1) and a guide Flow plate (5), rotor fixed disk (3), blade (4), deflector (5) form the rotor, blade (4) is vertically arranged on the rotor fixed disk (3), deflector (5) The center coincides with the rotating shaft of the rotor, the installation direction of the deflector (5) is consistent with the direction of the chord line of the blade (4), and the rotor and the deflector (1) are fixed on the frame (2).

2. The combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that each rotor includes two blades (4), the height of which is 3 to 4 times the chord length, and the two blades (4) are parallel, Vertically fixed on the rotor fixed disk (3), and symmetrically arranged on the rotor shaft, the offset distance is much smaller than the chord length of the blade (4), and a deflector parallel to the chord line of the blade (4) is set at the shaft (5), or the two blades (4) are staggered, and the deflector (5) is installed.

3. The combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow guiding device (1) is provided with an airflow inlet (7) and first and second airflow outlets (8), (9) The box body has the same height as the vane (4), and its width is slightly larger than the chord length of the vane (4). The shape of the airflow outlet (9) is a rectangle with the same height as the blade (4), and the width of the airflow inlet (7) is greater than the width of the airflow outlet (9), and the airflow outlet (8) is two cylindrical passages, which Diameter is half of blade (4) chord length.

4. The lift-drag combined vertical-axis wind turbine according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, a baffle (10) is set on the outside of the flow guiding device (1) before the second airflow outlet (8), and the baffle (10) is on the same plane as the air inlet (7).

5. The combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the angle between the direction of the airflow inlet (7) and the local wind direction is between plus and minus 5°, and the flow guiding device (1) wraps around the rotor The shaft turns.

6. The combined lift and drag vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the angle between the airflow inlet (7) of the flow guide device and the normal line of the first airflow outlet (9) is β=15 °～20°, the included angle γ=45°～50° between the center line of the pipeline and the normal line of the airflow inlet (7), the width of the airflow inlet (7) is 4/5 of the radius of the rotor, the first airflow outlet (9) The width is 2/5 of the radius of the rotor, and the diameter of the second air outlet (8) is 1/2 of the radius of the rotor.