CN1583977A - Clean alcohol fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a kind of alcohol clean fuel containing following components mixed evenly: methanol, alcohol-petrol combination, isopropanol, fuel accelator, clean dispersant, anti-corrosion agent, metallo catalyst, deicing agent, stability agent, anfioxidant agent, and explosion-resistent agent. The fuel can be use in the realm of vehicle and can be mixed with lead-free petrol by any proportion. In addition, this fuel applies to any gasoline-motivated vehicle without changing the engine. Moreover, the fuel is environmental and can effectively reduce the emission of harmful substance in end gas, such as CO, CH and NOx. And the fuel cannot erode aluminium, cast iron, copper, and so forth and the swelling phenomena can be reduced by using this fuel instead of lead-free petrol. Additionally, an easy production and a low cost make this invention a vast-foreground environmental clean fuel.

Description

A kind of alcohol clean fuel

Technical field

The present invention relates to liquid fuel, more particularly, be a kind of be main raw material with methyl alcohol, ethanol and low octane value gasoline component, be aided with the alcohol clean fuel of a kind of environmental type that the additive blending that improves use properties forms again.

Background technology

In recent years, along with the fast development of Chinese national economy, the demand of China's refined oil increased day by day, for example calendar year 2001 motor spirit consumption reach 4,000 ten thousand tons, wherein import gasoline reaches 1,500 ten thousand tons, accounts for 37% of motor spirit total quantity consumed.Along with the raising of expanding economy and living standards of the people, society will increase rapidly with car amount and civilian vehicle amount, have the demand annual growth of scholarly forecast gasoline in 2005 can reach 4.4%.The gasoline consumption will reach 4,300 ten thousand tons.Since 1994.China becomes net import of oil state, prediction according to the insiders, and this year, China broke through 100,000,000 tons with the net importation oil, therefore sought alternative fuel and had mentioned on the important schedule.In the national science and technology key research projects were once listed methanol gasoline and automotive engineering thereof in " six or five ", the enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan by China.Through the research and development in 10 years, some technology had breakthrough, but some technological difficulties is also treated further solution, and is low as methanol gasoline heat value; The oxygen level of methyl alcohol is up to 50%, and air-fuel ratio (kg air/kg combustion gas) is low, and the engine of general-utility car is difficult to adapt to; Methyl alcohol burning back produces a small amount of formaldehyde or formic acid, therefore has (as the patent No.: 01129356.x, a kind of alcohol base clean fuel compoiste and preparation method thereof) such as certain corrodibility and swelling properties.

Summary of the invention

The alcohol clean fuel that can substitute gasoline that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of calorific value height, good environmental protection.

Main technical schemes of the present invention: with methyl alcohol, ethanol petrol component oil is main raw material, is aided with some fuel dopes, obtains required fuel by blending.

The composition of alcohol clean fuel of the present invention and weight percentage thereof:

Methyl alcohol 10-30%, ethanol 10-30% gasoline component oil 20-70%, Virahol or isopropylcarbinol 5-16%, combustion improver 0.5-1%, detergent-dispersant additive 0.03-0.08%, anticorrosion inhibitor 0.05-0.1%, metal passivator 0.01-0.06%, deicing agent 0.1-0.8%, oxidation inhibitor 0.3-1.0%, oil product stablizer 0.1-0.5%, octane promoter 0.2%-0.5%.

Gasoline component oil of the present invention, research octane number (RON) is 50-80, the fraction scope is 35-205 ℃, the gasoline component oil that comprises straight-run spirit (also claiming petroleum naphtha), heat bodied oil, can obtain required gasoline component oil by tripping device or atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit, polyunit, catalytic cracking unit from oil, provide by the grand celebration Fine Chemical Works.

Virahol of the present invention or isopropylcarbinol are solubility promoter.

Combustion improver of the present invention is to be formed with volume ratio allotment in 1: 1: 1 by ether, acetone and hydrogen peroxide.

Detergent-dispersant additive of the present invention, its trade mark are T151, and chemical name is a mono butonediimide, and Lanzhou general petrochemicals factory produces.

Anticorrosion inhibitor of the present invention, its trade mark are BR-7903, and chemical name is a fatty acid ester, and institute provides by Beijing petrochemical complex.

Oxidation inhibitor of the present invention, its trade mark are T501, and chemical name is a 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol.

Metal passivator of the present invention, its trade mark are T1201, and chemical name is N, N '-two inferior bigcatkin willow-1, and the 2-propylene diamine, Jinzhou Petrochemical Co. produces.

Deicing agent of the present invention, its trade mark are T1301, and chemical name is an ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and No.2 Petroleum Factory, Fushun Petro-chemical Corp produces

Oil product stablizer of the present invention, its trade name are Hitec4433, and U.S.'s ethyl corporation (Ethyl CO.) is produced, it be a kind of multipurpose additive (volume such as Huang Wenxuan, " and lubricating oil and fuel dope handbook, Sinopec press, 1994, P138).

Detonation suppressor of the present invention, its trade name are Hitec 3000, and chemical name is a methyl cyclic diolefine manganese tricarbonyl, are U.S. Ethyl CO. productions, are a kind of non-lead antiknock compounds.

Preparation method of the present invention: at normal temperatures and pressures, with C ₄-C ₁₂Gasoline component oil methyl alcohol, ethanol, combustion improver, detergent-dispersant additive, anticorrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, deicing agent, oxidation inhibitor, stablizer, octane promoter are added in the reactor successively, the spray circulation, and stirring gets final product.

Advantage of the present invention and effect:

(1) fuel of the present invention shows through engine rig test and road tests, uses this fuel, and engine does not need to transform, and dynamic performance is constant substantially, exhaust emissions CO, CH and at NO _xCompound decreased average 30-35%, oil consumption when low-speed running and gasoline maintain an equal level, more than 80 kilometers/hour the time, be better than gasoline, but fuel saving 15-25%.Analyze from mechanism, first, ethanol calorific value is low, owing to added combustion improver, remedy the low shortcoming of calorific value, increased dynamic property, be higher than gasoline when running at high speed, also because of containing oxygen in the ethanol, make that oxygen level increases by 4% in the gasoline, can with gasoline can not perfect combustion part fully burn, make discharge of poisonous waste reduction by 65% in the gasoline, thereby make the corresponding minimizing of oil consumption.

(2) fuel of the present invention is applicable to the various vehicles that use engine, comprises EFI formula, carburettor, does not need to transform engine, uses but also can join in the unleaded gasoline for vehicle with any ratio.

(3) ethanol in the fuel of the present invention is a kind of energy, it is again a kind of good gasoline quality modifying agent, it can improve gasoline octane rating, the cleaning engine, emission of harmful substances such as the CO in effective reduction vehicle exhaust, CH compound: it still is the oxygenation agent, alternative high-octane rating additive methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) avoids MTBE to phreatic pollution, and therefore fuel of the present invention is a kind of clean environment-friendly fuel.

(4) fuel of the present invention is added with anticorrosion inhibitor, and aluminium, cast iron, steel, copper metal are not had corrosion, and to elastomeric material, most generation swellings that are difficult for are reacted.

(5) fuel of the present invention can not suck moisture because of the weather raw material.Test shows: preserve under air-proof condition, even if under-45 ℃ of low temperature, also demixing phenomenon can not occur in 1 year.

(6) raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, as ethanol, can by raw materials such as corn, wheat, potato class through the fermentation, the distillation make, particularly China's corn stock is many, major part is a grain in storage for years, so also can solve the farm crop transition problem; Methyl alcohol is mainly by Sweet natural gas, heavy oil, petroleum naphtha, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and coal production.

(7) fuel of the present invention can be mixed with non-pressure vessel, and low cost of manufacture is produced, accumulating is very convenient, and anti-knocking property are strong, and is more safe and reliable than gasoline.

In sum, fuel abundant raw materials of the present invention, technology is simple; production cost is low, the more important thing is that fuel of the present invention can reduce the vehicle exhaust emission of harmful substances, has protected environment; therefore not only have vast market prospect, and have great social significance.

Embodiment

Further specify characteristics of the present invention below by concrete example.

Example 1

This example is a preparation fuel of the present invention.

In the reactor of normal temperature and pressure, squeeze into gasoline component oil (40-175 ℃ of petroleum naphtha earlier, octane value 51) 600kg, add 150kg ethanol, 150kg methyl alcohol, 79.2kg Virahol or isopropylcarbinol, 5kg combustion improver, 0.6kg detergent-dispersant additive, the anticorrosion inhibitor of 0.8kg, 0.4kg metal passivator, 5kg deicing agent, 3kg oxidation inhibitor, 2kg stablizer, 4kg detonation suppressor behind the mixing more successively, mixing promptly gets the fuel that needs.Through the test result at product quality supervision and inspection station, Heilongjiang Province list in table 1 (operative norm: GB17930-1999) and table 2 (operative norm: GB/T261, GB/T5096).

Table 1

Analysis project	Quality index	Analytical results
			Anti-knocking property: research octane number (RON) (RON) is not less than anti-knock index (RON+MON) and is not less than	90 85	90.7 85
Lead content, g/L is not more than	0.005	Do not detect
			Boiling range: 10% vaporization temperature is not higher than	70	63
50% vaporization temperature is not higher than	120	90
			90% vaporization temperature is not higher than	190	170
Final boiling point is not higher than	205	201
			Residual quantity, % (V/V) is not more than	2	0.7
Vapour pressure, Kpa is not more than	74	50
			Existent gum, mg/100mL is not more than	5	4
Inductive phase, min is not less than	480	496
			Sulphur content, % (m/m) is not more than	0.10	0.032
Copper corrosion (50,3h) level is not more than	1	1
			Water soluble acid or alkali	Do not have	Do not have
The doctor test	By	By
			Mechanical impurity and moisture	Do not have	Do not have
Benzene content, % (V/V) is not more than	2.5	1.42
			Aromaticity content, % (V/V) is not more than	40	15.7
Olefin(e) centent, % (V/V) is not more than	35	11.4
			Oxygen level, % (m/m) is not more than	2.7	0.29
Iron level, g/L is not more than	0.01	Less than 0.0005
			Manganese content, g/L is not more than	0.018	Less than 0.0005

Table 2:

Analysis project	Quality index	Analytical results
			Relative density (water=1)	Actual measurement	0.6899
Relative density (air=1)	Actual measurement	3.12
			Flash-point (remaining silent),	Actual measurement	-43
Spontaneous ignition temperature, ℃	Actual measurement	415
			Copper corrosion (50,3h), level	Actual measurement	1
Upper explosive limit, % (V/V)	Actual measurement	7.6
			Lower Explosive Limit, % (V/V)	Actual measurement	1.5
Calorific value, MJ/kg	Actual measurement	37.8
			Vapour pressure, kpa	Actual measurement	38

Example 2-3

Example 2-3 is a preparation fuel of the present invention.

Described raw material consumption sees Table 3, and wherein gasoline component oil is a 40-170 ℃ of petroleum naphtha, octane value 51.Preparation process is with example 1.

Table 3:

Raw material	Example 2	Example 3
			Methyl alcohol	100	300
Ethanol	100	300
			Gasoline component oil	700	206
Virahol or isopropylcarbinol	(79.2 Virahol)	160 (isopropylcarbinols)
			Combustion improver	5	10
Detergent-dispersant additive	0.6	0.6
			Anticorrosion inhibitor	0.8	0.8
Metal passivator	0.4	0.4
			Deicing agent	5	5.5
Oxidation inhibitor	3	7.2
			Stablizer	2	4.5
Octane promoter	4	5

Example 4

This example is the bench testing of example 1. test is to be detected by national car quality supervision and test center.

Test basis:

GB/T18297-2001 " motor car engine method for testing performance "

QC/T525-1999 " motor car engine reliability test method "

GB14761.4-1993 " automobile crane case pollutant emission standard "

GB/T3845-1993 " the gasoline vehicle exhaust thing is measured the idling method "

Test-results:

The engine significant parameter and the test-results of test usefulness see Table 4-7.

Table 4: development engine significant parameter

Model	ATK	Factory	FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Company Ltd
				Discharge capacity (L)	1.6	Arrangement mode	In upright arrangement
Intake method	Natural aspiration	The type of cooling	Water-cooled
				Cylinder number-cylinder diameter * stroke (mm)	4-81×77	Compression ratio	9.3
Idling speed (r/min)	850±50	Types of combustion chamber	Bath-tub type
				Peak torque (N.m)/rotating speed (r/min)	135/2800	Electric injection system number	SIMOS?3PM
Rated output (KW)/specified speed (r/min)	64/5800	Electric injection system factory	Siemens Company
				The catalytic converter model	1CD?253?2083	Catalytic converter factory	Dalian Hua Ke

Table 5: environmental protection project assay

Interventions Requested		Standard-required	Assay
				Idling	CO (%)	≤ 3.0	0.01
HC (ppm)	≤ 600	13
			Crankcase pollutent (kpa)		≤ 0	≤-0.16
Remarks	1) idling pollutent test basis GB/T3845-1993 " the gasoline vehicle exhaust thing is measured the idling method " 2) check of crankcase pollutent is to be equivalent under direct high speed of a motor vehicle 502km/h, intake depression 54.9,34.9, three kinds of operating modes of 10.0kpa and the idling operation pressure survey of march axle box at engine.Assay is got four kinds of operating mode maximum values.

Table 6: performance preliminary examination, retrial result

Sequence number	Interventions Requested		Assay		The deterioration rate
						Preliminary examination	Retrial
			??1	Rated output/specified speed (KW/r/min)				????55.7/5800	????55.6/5800	??3.64％
??2	Peak torque/rotating speed (N.m/r/min)					????137.0/3000	????132.5/3000				??3.28％
			??3	Full load minimum specific fuel consumption (g/kw.h)				????283.8	????290.1	??2.22％
??4	Machine oil fuel oil consumption per-cent (%)					????0.07	????0.11
			??5	Maximum piston air leakage (L/min)				????32.0	????33.5
??6	Idling	Rotating speed (r/min)				????875
			??7	Fluctuation ratio (%)	????1.34
Remarks		The the 1st, 2 deterioration rate formula is in the table: the 3rd impairment grade formula is in deterioration rate=(preliminary examination numerical value-retrial numerical value)/preliminary examination numerical value * 100% table: deterioration rate=(retrial numerical value-preliminary examination numerical value)/preliminary examination numerical value * 100%

Table 7: reliability failure statistic of classification

Fault time of occurrence (h)	The component title	Fault mode	Situation explanation and treatment measures	Fault category and coding
					300 (opening and inspecting)	Second lower half main bearing	Pull	Have and slightly pull vestige, still can use	Slightly

Conclusion (of pressure testing): 5-7 finds out that fuel of the present invention is used for VW board ATK h type engine h by table, and its environmental protection project assay complies with the national standard requirements; No fatal, serious and generic failure in the reliability test process; The check of disintegrating is slightly pulled the vestige except that second main shaft has for following watt, and all the other each pair of friction components wearing and tearing are normal.

Example 5

This example is to detect formaldehyde content in the fuel exhaust gas of the present invention.

Measuring unit: product quality supervision and inspection station, Heilongjiang Province.

Test car: black AB9066 Jetta car

Analytical procedure: spectrophotometric colorimetry

Measurement result: fuel formaldehyde content of the present invention is 0.37 μ g/L, and uses the automobile tail of gasoline

The formaldehyde content of gas is 70 μ g/L.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of alcohol clean fuel is characterized in that forming and weight percentage:

Methyl alcohol 10-30%, ethanol 10-30%, C ₄-C ₁₂Gasoline component oil 20-70%, Virahol or isopropylcarbinol 5-16%, combustion improver 0.5-1%, detergent-dispersant additive 0.03-0.08%, anticorrosion inhibitor 0.05-0.1%, metal passivator 0.01-0.06%, deicing agent 0.1-0.8%, oxidation inhibitor 0.3-1.0%, oil product stablizer 0.1-0.5%, octane promoter 0.2%-0.5%, preparation by the following method: at normal temperatures and pressures, with gasoline component oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, combustion improver, detergent-dispersant additive, anticorrosion inhibitor, metal passivator, deicing agent, oxidation inhibitor, stablizer, octane promoter, be added in the reactor successively, the spray circulation stirs and promptly gets desired product, described combustion improver is by ethanol, acetone and hydrogen peroxide are that 1: 1: 1 mixed preparing forms with volume ratio, described anticorrosion inhibitor is a fatty acid ester, described detergent-dispersant additive is a mono butonediimide, described metal passivator is N, N '--two inferior salicylidenes-1, the 2-propylene diamine, described deicing agent is an ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, described oxidation inhibitor is 2, the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, described oil product stablizer is Hitec 4433, and described octane promoter is a methyl cyclic diolefine manganese tricarbonyl.