CN1537214A

CN1537214A - Heat exchanger, especially for air conditioning device in motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN1537214A
Application number: CNA028150430A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 克里斯托夫・舍瓦利耶; 克里斯托夫·舍瓦利耶; 勒布泰耶; 伊万·勒布泰耶; 觥づ宥蒂埃; 让－玛丽·佩尔蒂埃
Original assignee: Valeo Climatisation SA
Current assignee: Valeo Climatisation SA
Priority date: 2001-06-27
Filing date: 2002-06-24
Publication date: 2004-10-13
Also published as: FR2826711A1; EP1399698A1; WO2003002920A1; CZ20033557A3; FR2826711B1

Abstract

A heat exchanger for heating air comprising a plurality of tubes (10a, 10b) for circulating a heat-carrying fluid, a plurality of electric heating bars (30) having resistive elements disposed between the electrodes of the electricity supply, and a set of radiating elements (20) associated with the tubes and heating bars. The radiating elements are made up of crossed blades (20) with contact via the tubes (10a, 10b) and heating bars (30). The bars are engaged with constraint in the openings (28) of the blades in such a way that they can be kept in contact with the blades and in order to apply the electrodes with pressure against the resistive elements.

Description

Be used in particular for the H Exch of automotive air conditioning device

Technical field

The present invention is used for a kind of H Exch that is used to add hot air, and particularly (but not unique) is used for the interior environment system of automobile.

In an automobile that has a combustion engine, the air that is used for vehicle cabin, demist or deicing is traditionally by a heat exchanger heats, and the refrigerant fluid of driving engine is by this H Exch.

More particularly, for the driving engine of some type, provide between the enough energy and need a long time for effectively adding hot air to refrigerant fluid at fire an engine.Very cold at weather, not only need the rapid vehicle cabin of interior environment system, and when needing after the starting immediately deicing or demist effectively, this situation is troublesome especially.

Background technology

In order to overcome this shortcoming, known that one of increase can be once connecting the electric heater unit that institute's heat requirement can be provided immediately.When heat-transfer fluid can satisfy institute's heat requirement, the work of electric heater was interrupted, and in this case, heat-transfer fluid is the refrigerant fluid of driving engine.This electric heater unit generally is made of some and radiating element bonded assembly electro heat bar, and is arranged in the pipe of the air process that will heat, in the downstream of the H Exch of engine coolant process.Heating pole generally comprises the resistance unit that some resistance with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) form, and this PTC resistance has the advantage of overheated self-protection.

Even as described in document EP 0919409, electric heater unit can be assembled in advance by suitable assembling and topping up H Exch, adds the increase that such electric heater unit still causes the volume and the cost of interior environment system.

Document EP 0857922A2 proposes by the pipe that replaces some heat-transfer fluid process with heating pole additional electro heat to be merged in the H Exch of topping up.Some are inserted in insert between pipe and the heating pole as radiating element, are positioned at through on the air path of exchanger with pipe and heating pole.

When electric heater was not worked, owing to have out-of-run heating pole on the position of the pipe of heat-transfer fluid process, the efficient of exchanger reduced.In addition, be difficult to reach good heat transfer between heating pole and the insert.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be reduced in a kind of with heat-transfer fluid work H Exch and the cost and the volume of the air heating apparatus that forms of electric heater, and how the mode of operation of installing does not influence the efficient of device.

This purpose reaches by a kind of H Exch that adds hot air, this exchanger comprises a plurality of heat-transfer fluid on-cycle pipes, a plurality of electro heat bar and one group and pipe and heating pole bonded assembly radiating element, the electro heat bar has the resistance unit between current electrode, in this exchanger, radiating element is made up of blade, and pipe passes blade with heating pole and contacts with blade, and heating pole is linked in the opening of blade with having stress, with the blade closed contact, and make electrode press resistance unit.

The present invention merits attention part and is, heating pole is combined in the H Exch with heat-transfer fluid work, heating pole is shared same blade, and does not occupy the position of the pipe of heat-transfer fluid process, and the electricity of heating pole and thermal contact are by obtaining in the opening that is installed in blade under stress.Obtain simple, a compact design thus, therefore this structure has lower cost and volume, and good heat efficiency is arranged.

Advantageously, H Exch comprises at least one comb and at least one row's heating pole, and be arranged in two parallel heating pole and the pipe stagger mutually.Therefore can in the space that is had, make heating pole as much as possible away from pipe.

According to another feature of exchanger, heating pole is positioned at the downstream of pipe on the direction of exchanger at the windstream that will heat.Therefore, when the temperature of the fluid of flowing pipe is quite low, the obviously possibility of transfer of heat reduction between the fluid of heating pole and flowing pipe.

Can heating pole be installed in the opening of blade by the whole bag of tricks.Therefore, opening may be substantially of the I shape that has two relative sides, and two sides form the flank of can elastic deformation and extending substantially on blade plane, and heating pole is bonded between two sides with having stress.As a modification, the opening that heating pole passes in the blade has the edge of turning up from the plane of blade, and heating pole is bonded between these edges with having stress.

Heating pole can in all sorts of ways and make.

Therefore, in one embodiment, each heating pole comprises conductive strips shape and parallel to each other first, second and third electrode, the resistance unit between a surface of first electrode and second electrode and at another surface of second electrode and the resistance unit between the third electrode, and first contacts with two opposed side edges pressure of the opening that forms in third electrode and the blade.

In another embodiment, each heating pole comprises first and second electrodes, the resistance unit between a surface of first electrode and second electrode and another lip-deep insulator that is positioned at second electrode of parallel electrically conductive belt shape, and two opposed side edges pressure of the opening that forms in first electrode and insulator and the blade contact.

In another embodiment, heating pole is contained in the sleeve pipe, and sleeve pipe stress is arranged remains in the opening of blade.The sleeve pipe of heating pole can form first current electrode, and another is shaped as the current electrode or second current electrode that are contained in conductive strips in the pipe and separates with tube wall, and a side is separated by resistance unit, and opposite side by resistance unit or an insulator separately.

Heat conduction and conductive pieces can be inserted between side resistance unit and internal surface of sleeve pipe and that it electrically contacts, the form fit of described part and internal surface of sleeve pipe.

The sleeve pipe of heating pole can have whole flat or oval-shaped cross-sectional plane.

Sleeve pipe can make sleeve pipe have the ability of elastic deformation at its bus opening in whole length upper edge, perhaps can be osed top.Under latter event, the sleeve pipe of heating pole preferably presses the edge of their embedded openings, and the wedging part is embedded in the sleeve pipe, so that apply contact pressure between resistance unit and electrode.

The present invention also aims to be equipped with the automotive air conditioning device of above-mentioned H Exch.

Description of drawings

By reading the description of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, can understand the present invention better.

Fig. 1 is the partial perspective view of the H Exch of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the local amplification profile along the II-II plane of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the part sectional view along the III-III plane of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the partial plan layout of a radiating element of Fig. 1-3 exchanger;

Fig. 5 is the section-drawing along the V-V plane of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the amplification profile of embodiment variant of a heating pole of H Exch shown in Fig. 1-5;

Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B are the partial plan layout of an embodiment variant of H Exch of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the part sectional view of second embodiment of H Exch of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the partial view of heating pole before the H Exch of packing into of Fig. 8 exchanger;

Figure 10 is the enlarged view that a heating pole band stress of Fig. 8 exchanger embeds;

Figure 11 is and the similar partial view of an embodiment variant of the heating pole of H Exch of Fig. 8-10;

Figure 12 is the section-drawing of an embodiment variant of H Exch shown in Figure 8;

Figure 13 is the amplification profile along the XIII-XIII plane of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is the section-drawing of another embodiment variant of Fig. 8 H Exch;

Figure 15 is the part sectional view of another embodiment of H Exch of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the enlarged drawing of the details of Figure 15;

Figure 17 is the partial exploded view of a heating pole of the exchanger of Figure 16 and 17.

The specific embodiment

What relate in the following description, is the interior environment system that the present invention is used for having the automobile of combustion engine.But the present invention is not limited to this application, and can be used for the heating system that a kind of heat-transfer fluid on-cycle H Exch is combined with an electric heater unit of any kind.

First embodiment of a H Exch of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1-5.

This embodiment comprises the air/heat-transfer fluid H Exch and some radiating elements 20 that have a discharge pipe 10, and radiating element 20 is the blade of rectangle for some global shapes, and the refrigerant fluid of driving engine passes pipeline 10, and pipeline 10 passes radiating element 20.

Each pipeline 10 comprises a 10a of first and a second portion 10b, the 10a of first form one pass all blades 20 and with they rectangular substantially straight tubes, second portion 10b forms the straight tube that passes all blades 20 with the same manner.

First end at exchanger, pipe 10a provides engine coolant and carries house steward's (not shown) of refrigerant fluid to be connected from driving engine to exchanger with one jointly, at this end of exchanger, pipe 10b is connected the discharge header (not shown) of refrigerant fluid return engine with one jointly.

At second end of exchanger,

pipe

10a and 10b are connected to each other by elbow 10c or U-shaped pipe.

This known being arranged so that can have supply and discharge header at the same end of exchanger, therefore easier exchanger is installed in the interior environment system.Certainly, also can adopt some to make supply and discharge header be positioned at the setting of two opposite ends of exchanger.

Several discharge pipes 10 also can be set in addition.

Blade 20 is made by sheet metal, is for example made by aluminum sheet parallel to each other, and forms the free air space of the air that will heat between the blade.

Make some otch at the surf zone of blade, to form some laths 22, these laths 22 produce distortion on the plane of blade, form to improve the louver 24 (only being shown in Fig. 3-5) that carries out interchange of heat with the air through exchanger.

10a, 10b firmly are encased in the opening 26 (Fig. 4) that being used on the blade passed through pipe with pipe.This can firmly embed opening 26 or at pipeline 10 back is installed and realizes by pipeline 10 being expanded it is deformed by managing 10a, 10b.

Above-described air/liquid exchanger is known, and generally is used for motorcar air conditioner.

According to the present invention, the heating pole 30 that will have resistance is contained in the H Exch, is bonded in the additional opening 28 of blade 20 these heating pole band stress.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1-3, heating pole 30 comprises by a first external electrode 32a, resistance unit 34, the second inner electrode 36, resistance unit 38 and one the 3rd folded element that external electrode 32b forms.

Electrode 32a, 36 and 32b form by metal tape, for example made of aluminum.They extend on the whole length of heating pole, and go out at a distal process of H Exch, are formed for and the (not shown) bonded assembly terminal 33a of supply line, 37,33b.

In each heating pole, several apart from one another by resistance unit 34 between a surface of electrode 32a and electrode 36, several apart from one another by resistance unit 38 electrode 36 another the surface and electrode 32b between.

Resistance unit

34,38 is the resistance of positive temperature coefficient for example, is shaped as piece or " jewel " shape of parallelepiped.

By heating pole firmly is embedded in the opening 28, the lamination that electrode 32a, 36,32b and

resistance unit

34,38 are formed keeps compression.

Shown in Fig. 3,4, opening 28 has two

opposed edges

28a, 28b, and

electrode

32a, 32b press this two edges by their outside face.

Opening 28 be shaped as I shape, so flank that edge 28a, 28b can elastic deformations when forming heating pole 30 and embedding remains in the plane of blade again simultaneously more or less.The gross thickness of heating pole is chosen as less times greater than the width of opening 28 between

edge

28a, 28b.

Therefore, exert pressure on heating pole 30 by the edge of opening 28.Heating pole 30 has stress ground and embeds in the opening 28 good thermal contact between assurance heating pole 30 and the blade 20 and the excellent electric contact between resistance unit and the electrode.

Keep identical current potential with blade 20 electrodes in

contact

32a, 32b, be preferably reference potential (earthing potential), and electrode 36 keeps a positive potential during electric heater work.

Fig. 6 illustrates the heating pole 30 ' of a variant embodiment.It comprises by an external electrode 32 ', resistance unit 34 ', an interior electrode 36 ' and the lamination that banded electrical insulator 39 ' forms.Electrode 36 ' has a surface to contact with resistance unit 34 ', and another surface contacts with insulating tape 39 '.Electrode 32 ' and 36 ' form are metal tape, and be for example made of aluminum.Insulating tape 39 ' is by electrical isolation but the material of heat conduction is made aluminium oxide for example.

Heating pole 30 ' is had between the

opposite edges

28a and 28b of opening 28 that stress ground is embedded into blade, therefore guarantee good thermal contact between heating pole and the blade and the excellent electric contact between resistance unit and the electrode.

Pipe

10a, 10b is shown Fig. 3 and heating pole 30 forms some ranks parallel to each other.Stagger along these ranks and the position of

pipe

10a, 10b in the position of heating pole 30.In the example of Fig. 3,

pipe

10a, 10b and heating pole 30 stepped distribution in cross-sectional plane.Stagger between pipe and the heating pole, they are separated in available space as much as possible.Therefore the thermal energy transfer between the fluid of heating pole and flowing pipe is restricted, because during the heat energy that provides with the fluid of mitigation flowing pipe when heating pole work not enough, this transmission is deletrious.

shown in Fig. 7 A also be for limit heat energy from heating pole to the embodiment variant of the transmission of pipe, heating pole 30 is positioned at the downstream of

pipe

10a, 10b through the direction (arrow F) of exchanger at the windstream that will heat.

Fig. 7 B illustrates a similar modification of the embodiment with Fig. 7 A, and this modification has additional pipe 10 ' a, the 10 ' b of two rows.

Fig. 8-11 illustrates another embodiment of H Exch of the present invention.This embodiment and the different heating poles that are shown in Fig. 1-5, other part is similar, and represents with same reference number.

In the embodiment of Fig. 8-10, heating pole 130 comprises a sleeve pipe that vertically cracks 132, sleeve pipe 132 has flattened cross-section, and on the part of two substantially flats of connection of sleeve pipe and parallel

apparent surface

132a and 132b an opening or a slit 131 along a bus on whole length is arranged.

Sleeve pipe 132 comprises a current electrode 136 that extends in the conductive strips shape on the whole length of sleeve pipe.Resistance unit 134 is positioned between the inwall of a flat surfaces (132a) of surface of electrode 136 and sleeve pipe 132, and insulating tape 137 is positioned between another flat surfaces (132b) of another surface of electrode 136 and sleeve pipe 132.Sleeve pipe 132 constitutes another electrode of giving resistance unit 134 power supplies.

Before inserting the opening 28 of blade 20, each sleeve pipe 132 opens (Fig. 9) a little, the distance that the gross thickness of resistance unit 134, electrode 136 and insulator 137 is measured between the inside face of the edge 131a of opening 131 and

131b casing wall

132a, 132b together the time.

The selection of the size of sleeve pipe 132 and opening 28 (Figure 10) is bonded between the

edge

28a and 28b of opening 28 sleeve pipe 132 with having stress, and edge 131a and 131b are moved to the other side mutually.Therefore apply efficient pressure, to guarantee good transfer of heat and the excellent electric contact between resistance unit and the electrode (seeing the details of Fig. 8) between heating pole and the blade.

Figure 11 illustrates an embodiment variant of heating pole 130.In this modification, the sleeve pipe 132 that forms electrode comprises the resistance unit 134 between the inwall of surface being positioned at electrode 136 and a flat surfaces (132a) of sleeve pipe 132 and is positioned at other resistance unit 138 between the inwall of another flat surfaces (132b) of the surperficial and sleeve pipe 132 of another of electrode 136.The layout of heating pole 30 is similar among the layout of resistance unit and Fig. 1-3.

Figure 12,13 illustrates the modification of Fig. 8 exchanger embodiment, and the difference of this modification and Fig. 8 exchanger is that the shape of the sleeve pipe 132 the when shape of the opening 128 of the blade 20 that sleeve pipe 132 embeds is closed substantially with slit 131 is corresponding.Opening 128 has the rectangular edge 128a of plain bending, the 128b (Figure 13) of relative blade 20.Edge 128a, 128b press two relative

flat surfaces

132a, 132b of sleeve pipe 132, good thermal contact between assurance bar 130 and the blade 20 and the excellent electric contact between resistance unit 134 and the electrode 132,136.

In the embodiment of Figure 12 (and Figure 18), the surface of sleeve pipe 132 substantially flats is parallel with the air-flow direction that passes exchanger (arrow F).According to modification shown in Figure 14, the surface of these substantially flats can favour flow direction, with the interchange of heat of promotion with air.Opening 128 in the blade also has corresponding direction.

Figure 15-17 illustrates another embodiment of exchanger of the present invention, and the heating pole of this embodiment is different with Fig. 8 embodiment.

Figure 15 and 16 illustrates, and it is in the avette or oval-shaped closed casing 232 that heating pole 230 is contained in cross-sectional plane.Heating pole is bonded in the blade 20 in the shape corresponding opening 228.

Sleeve pipe 232 presses the edge of opening 228.Therefore, as what known, in a single day sleeve pipe is embedded in the opening 228, and they just can be by pressure expansion generation elastic deformation, so forms closed contact between sleeve pipe 232 and the blade 20.

Sleeve pipe 232 comprises a framework 240, is the form of a section bar of longitudinal extension in sleeve pipe, has

edge

240a and 240b, and

edge

240a and 240b are in fit the substantially shape of casing wall of the less opposed area 232c of the radius of curvature of sleeve pipe cross-sectional plane and 232b.Framework 240 is made by a kind of electrically insulating material, for example a kind of plastics, and have the groove of separating by partition wall 244 or rib 246 242.

Resistance unit 234 is arranged in groove 242, and a side pressure is by a surface of band electrode 236, and opposite side presses adapter 235, and adapter is made by the material of a kind of conduction and heat conduction, for example aluminium.Adapter 235 has a surperficial 235b who contacts with resistance unit and a facing surfaces 235a, and surperficial 235a contacts with the part inwall of a bigger regional 232a of radius of curvature of sleeve pipe 232, and is close to the shape of this part inwall.

Between another surface that one or more vertical voussoirs 237 are inserted in electrode 236 and the wall portion branch of the sleeve pipe 232 of the regional 232b relative with regional 232a.Voussoir 237 has a surperficial 237a who contacts with electrode 236 and an apparent surface who contacts with internal surface of sleeve pipe by rib 237b, and the periphery of rib and the shape of this inwall are complementary.

Voussoir 237 is made by a kind of electrically insulating material, for example aluminium oxide.After framework 240 and resistance unit 234, adapter 235 and electrode 236 are in place, voussoir is inserted in the sleeve pipe 232, sleeve pipe 232 embeds in advance and is fixed in the opening 238.

The cross sectional dimensions of voussoir 237 is inserted in the sleeve pipe 232 it with can having stress, and rib 237b can have slight distortion, so that exert pressure, electrically contacting between the sleeve pipe 232 of promotion resistance unit 234 and electrode 236 and an electrode of (by adapter 235) formation.

In Fig. 8,12,14,15, heating pole with the

pipe

10a, 10b occupy with Fig. 3 in identical position.Certainly, also can adopt other layout, for example the layout among Fig. 6.

In the example in front, only be provided with row's heating pole, heating pole is facing to two gaps of managing between 10a or the 10b of adjacent pipe row.Certainly, and particularly according to electrically heated requirement, the quantity of row's heating pole can be different, and not necessarily relevant with the quantity of pipe, and many row's heating poles can be set.

Claims

1. H Exch that is used to add hot air, it comprise a plurality of be used to make heat-transfer fluid on-cycle pipe (10a, 10b), a plurality of electro heat bar (30 with the resistance unit between current electrode; 30 '; 130; 230), reach one group and pipe and heating pole bonded assembly radiating element (20);

It is characterized in that radiating element is made of blade (20), blade by pipe (10a, 10b) and heating pole (30; 30 '; 130; 230) band passes contiguously, and heating pole is bonded on the opening (28 of blade with having stress; 128; 228) in,, and make electrode press resistance unit with the closed contact of maintenance with blade.

2. exchanger as claimed in claim 1, it comprises at least one comb and at least one row's heating pole, it is characterized in that, is arranged in two parallel rows' heating pole (30; 130) and the pipe (10a 10b) staggers mutually.

3. H Exch as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, heating pole passes the downstream that is positioned at pipe on the flow direction (F) of exchanger at the air that will heat.

4. as the described H Exch of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, blade (20) by heating pole (30; 30 '; The shape of the opening that 130) passes (28) is an I shape substantially, have two relative limits (28a, 28b), these two limits form can elastic deformation flank, in the plane of blade, extend substantially, heating pole is bonded between two limits with having stress.

5. as the described H Exch of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the opening (128) that is passed by heating pole of blade (20) has the edge that bends out blade plane, and (128a, 128b), heating pole is bonded between these edges with having stress.

6. as the described H Exch of one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, each heating pole (30) comprises conductive strips shape and parallel to each other first, second and third electrode (32a, 36,32b), the resistance unit (34) between a surface of first electrode and second electrode and at another surface of second electrode and the resistance unit (38) between the third electrode, first contacts with two relative limit pressure of the opening (28) that forms in third electrode and the blade (20).

7. as the described H Exch of one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, each heating pole (30 ') comprises first and second electrodes (32 ' of parallel electrically conductive belt shape, 36 '), the resistance unit (34 ') between a surface of first electrode and second electrode and be positioned at another lip-deep insulator (39 ') of second electrode, two relative limit pressure of the opening that forms in first electrode and insulator and the blade contact.

8. as the described H Exch of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that heating pole (130; 230) place sleeve pipe (132; 232) in, sleeve pipe remains in the opening of blade (20) with having stress.

9. H Exch as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the sleeve pipe (132 of a heating pole (130,230); 232) constitute one first current electrode, another or second current electrode are conductive strips (136 that are contained in the sleeve pipe; 236) form.

10. H Exch as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, resistance unit (134; 234) be positioned at second electrode (136; 236) surface and sleeve pipe (132; 232) between first side of inwall, an insulator (137; 237) between another surface of second electrode and the side relative of internal surface of sleeve pipe with first side.

11. H Exch as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, resistance unit (134,138) is positioned between each surface and the opposite flank of sleeve pipe (132) inwall of second electrode (136).

12., it is characterized in that heat conduction and conductive pieces (235) are positioned between a resistance unit (234) and sleeve pipe (232) side inwall and that they electrically contact as claim 9 or 10 described Hs Exch, the shape of described part and internal surface of sleeve pipe is complementary.

13., it is characterized in that the cross-sectional plane of the sleeve pipe (132) of heating pole (130) is a pancake as the described H Exch of one of claim 8-12.

14., it is characterized in that the cross-sectional plane of the sleeve pipe (232) of heating pole (230) is avette as the described H Exch of one of claim 8-12.

15., it is characterized in that the sleeve pipe (132) of heating pole (130) is at its bus opening in whole length upper edge as the described H Exch of one of claim 8-14.

16. as the described H Exch of one of claim 8-14, it is characterized in that, the sleeve pipe (232) of heating pole (230) is an osed top, and press the edge of their embedded openings (228), and wedging part (237) is embedded in the sleeve pipe, so that between resistance unit (234) and electrode (232,236), apply contact pressure.

17. automotive air conditioning device is characterized in that, it has the described H Exch of one of claim 1-16.