CN1507766A - Loudspeaker and method of making same - Google Patents

Abstract

A loudspeaker comprising an assembly of at least two bending wave panel-form acoustic members (82, 84) each having a set of modes which are distributed in frequency, the parameters of at least two of the acoustic members (82, 84) being selected so that the modal distributions of each acoustic member are substantially different and the arrangement being such that the modal distributions of the assembly of acoustic members are interleaved constructively in frequency, and transducer means (88) to apply bending wave energy to the acoustic members to cause them to resonate to produce an acoustic output. A method of making such a loudspeaker.

Description

Loud speaker and manufacture method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to loud speaker, relate more specifically to the resonance bending wave loudspeaker of No. 97/09842 described general type of International Patent Application WO, this international application is described a kind of novel loud speaker that is known as distributed mode loudspeaker (DML).

Background technology

Provide a kind of loud speaker that comprises two plates that separately driven by No. 97/09846, International Application No. WO is known.First plate is less, and first plate is designed in the frequencies operations higher than the second large-scale plate, first plate hangs in second plate, the frequency range of each plate can be overlapping at the intermediate range place, and can add a cooperation partial network (cross-over network) to control any output in overlapping frequency range.

Have a kind of loud speaker by No. 98/52381, International Application No. WO is known, comprise a bigger low frequency plate and a less higher-frequency plate that is encouraged by a common driver.Can less and big plate be attached at together by a kind of material that forms a control flexible couplings.Distinguish thus the height of loud speaker with than low frequency part.

Summary of the invention

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of loud speaker is provided, this loud speaker comprises an assembly of at least two bending wave template acoustic members, each acoustic member has a group mode that distributes on frequency, select the parameter of at least two acoustic members so that the mode profile of each acoustic member is significantly different, and its configuration can make the mode profile of acoustic member assembly present structural intersection on frequency; And transducer apparatus, make its resonance produce an output in order to crooked wave energy is applied to acoustic member.

Mode profile by structural intersection acoustic member is compared with the mode profile of any single acoustic member, and the one-piece pattern of loud speaker distributes denser, has more multi-mode exactly in a given frequency scope.Therefore different with prior art, acoustic member is designed to cover roughly overlapping or identical substantially frequency range rather than has partly overlapping different frequency range in intermediate range (being exactly about about 1 or 2 KHz).

Particularly, mode profile can structurally be intersected, make the one-piece pattern of the assembly pattern in distributing on frequency, distribute more fifty-fifty compared to the pattern of any single acoustic member, therefore, can obviously reduce any " bearing against (bunching) " or the gathering of the pattern that may occur in the single acoustic member in overall distribution, the pattern in the mode profile of assembly can distribute on frequency substantially fifty-fifty.Can utilize these modes to strengthen the integral body output of loud speaker, and can reach a more frequency response of smoothing.

Acoustic member can have different areas or shape, makes each acoustic member have a different mode profile according to need.Perhaps, can utilize and have different mechanical parameters the acoustic member of (being exactly, for example parameters such as the quality of bending hardness, damping, unit are or young's modulus) is reached different mode profile.

Can at least two acoustic members be coupled by coupling device, so crooked wave energy can be transmitted between acoustic member.Therefore, can be by coupling device with in addition mechanicalness and the coupling of sound property of acoustic member.Utilize this mode, only need a transducer is installed on the face, and adjacent surface can drive by the bending wave the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge of transmission overcoupling device.Therefore can make in the assembly that complicated mechanical is encouraged with the effect of sound interaction between acoustic member, and increase the excitation of the pattern of can taking in each member, if be not when initiatively being subjected to encouraging particularly at the part acoustic member.

The assembly of acoustic member can be made by the rigid light material sheet of single-piece, should significantly simplify processing procedure and assembling thus.Perhaps, this assembly can comprise the acoustic member by the made a plurality of separation of rigid light material sheet, and hard material is the material that can support voluntarily, and coupling device can have to be enough to flat structure and to adorn the flexible of this assembly, and coupling device can be continuity or discontinuity.

For an assembly of making by monolithic, coupling device can by in the material piece at least one crease or pair of parallel crease form.Two-fold can provide additional flexibility and bigger decoupling between face, material piece can be provided with groove and respectively crease to form, and can comprise the material piece partial compression when groove is set.

For a kind of assembly of being made by separating member, coupling device can comprise coupling component, and coupling component can comprise that hinge makes acoustic member to move relative to each other.

The assembly of acoustic member can form a solid or the box loud speaker that limits a volume; Can have any suitable geometry, for example tetrahedron; And can present by the different orientations of member and open or seal.This assembly can comprise a front and side and can be configured to for example limit behind an opening between a pair of opposing backside surface, at least one or two acoustic members can be triangular in shape substantially, this assembly can form a rescinded angle pyramid, and the rescinded angle plane can present for example 20 ° inclination with respect to the plane of pyramid bottom.

Perhaps, acoustic member can be configured to and is positioned at same level substantially, and acoustic member can be template and is smooth or bending on one or more plane.For the plate of bending, plate is configurable on the similar face of a rotary volume.

Each acoustic member can be for an adjacent acoustic member as a baffle plate, and the volume that for example can utilize foam or other known sonication material to come filling assembly partially or even wholly to be limited is used improvement baffle plate effect.

Transducer apparatus can comprise the inertia or the vibration transducer that lands, this inertia or the vibration transducer that lands can be moving coil inertia-powered devices, and it comprises a magnet assemblies and a voice coil loudspeaker voice coil assembly, a PZT (piezoelectric transducer), a magnetostriction transducer, a bending or warping property transducer (for example type that discloses for WO00/13464 number) or a distribution pattern transducer (for example type that discloses for WO01/54450 number).Particularly for folding loud speaker, transducer is preferably inertia.As described in No. 97/09859, International Application No. WO, WO98/31188 number or WO98/52383 number, on transducer can be installed on the acoustic member.Can with transducer and especially low-frequency transducer be designed to have an intrinsic suspension resonance lower than the needed low-frequency range of loud speaker, and can utilize a filter to prevent that the lower limit of transducer is lower than its natural resonance.

Transducer can be a moving coil inertia-powered device, and it comprises a magnet assemblies and a voice coil loudspeaker voice coil assembly.If transducer is installed on the inclined-plane, to have uneven mass loading and cause magnet assemblies to produce bad non axial moving, therefore, magnet assemblies can be supported in the transducer housing, this transducer housing is installed on the acoustic member, and housing can be the form that makes a plastic cement spider of transducer quality and acoustic member decoupling.Transducer housing can stop magnet assemblies to produce bad non axial moving, the therefore infringement that can alleviate voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, and can limit departing from of transducer.

Transducer apparatus can comprise on the corresponding vibration transducer that is installed to corresponding acoustic member, by transducer being arranged on not only on the one side, can obtain three-dimensional source of sound by single object.One transducer can be installed on each face of box-structure, uses the unidirectional of improvement high frequency.

Can use different transducers for different frequency ranges, should connect these different transducers, for example comprise that the first order low pass of a series of inductors cooperates partial by a cooperation partial (crossover).Filter can comprise first order series capacitor, and the value that this first order series capacitor frequency and series inductance device when the integral body output of selecting to have loud speaker therein is very faint resonate is to provide amplification at an in check frequency band.Can use a passive type second level high pass filter that signal is carried out frequency band limits (band-limiting) with the protection transducer; but also can be so that the flex point of filter " vibration (ring) " obtaining the amplification of bass, roll and play or other low value loss and help to compensate a bipolar gradient.Also can utilize modified amplifier forwarding function will hang down value amplifies.

The material piece of rigid lightweight can be corrugated sheet or analog, corrugated sheet can be to contain embedding to press from both sides the surface of a corrugation central layer and cover skin, described assembly can have one and have the front of a bottom and at least one has the side of a bottom, and the corrugation central layer in can making in front corrugation portion and the bottom is vertical extent and/or make corrugation portion and its bottom in the side be an acute angle.

Perhaps, the material piece of rigid lightweight can be a vacuum forming plastic cement or extrude the double-walled polypropylene foil, for example is equal to corrugated boxboard substantially and with " Kou Ruisi (Correx) " trade mark sellers.So that these materials all can be made is extremely light, portability, low cost and can be the loud speaker of disposable type.Perhaps, can use more durable, long-acting or high-performance more, for example the material piece of selling with " Zhuo Malaite (Traumalite) " trade mark.

Each loud speaker can have a bottom and can limit the case of a sealing, and loud speaker can hang on the floor and bottom and can be a radiativity acoustic member.Perhaps, the bottom can be limited by the surface institute that loud speaker is stood, and loud speaker can be installed on the pedestal, on the foam or rubber-type bar that is installed on the pin shape extension of the pin of the bottom margin of each acoustic member or separation or acoustic member itself.Perhaps, the suspension part of acoustic member can be arranged in forms such as the foam or the rubber-type bar of molded groove, the foam on surface that is bonded to acoustic member or rubber-type bar or " coat and twine " moulded parts.

According to another form of the present invention, a kind of manufacture method of bending wave plate loudspeaker is provided, it comprises: select at least two bending wave template acoustic members, each bending wave template acoustic member has a group mode that distributes on frequency, the mode profile of all each acoustic members is obvious differences, and the dress acoustic member makes the mode profile of acoustic member assembly present structural intersection on frequency, and makes its resonance produce an output crooked wave energy is applied to acoustic member the transducer apparatus assembly that is coupled so far.

The method can comprise the assembly of being made acoustic member by the rigid light material sheet of single-piece, can for example form at least one groove in material piece and form acoustic member with the from one piece sheet by the partial compression mode, can form the groove of pair of parallel, and the configuration of groove can make material piece be folded.

The method can comprise at least two acoustic members are coupled, thus crooked wave energy can be transmitted between acoustic member, can be by this coupling with assembly flat structure dress in addition.

Rigid light material sheet can be and comprises that the surface covers the type of skin, the surface is covered the skin embedding and is clamped a corrugation central layer, and this assembly can be configured to limit one and have the front of a bottom and at least one has the side of a bottom, and the corrugation central layer can make its corrugation portion be vertical extent with the bottom and make its corrugation portion be an acute angle with its bottom in the side in front.

The modal sets of each acoustic member is limited since an intrinsic or minimum pattern and by parameters such as the geometry of the material that comprises acoustic member and character, so this method can comprise the parameter of selecting acoustic member from the group of following each thing: geometry, size, mass surface density, bending hardness, inner self damping, and the anisotropy or the same tropism of bending hardness or thickness.Lowest mode can be determined by the size of the single member of maximum.Therefore, can select the size of maximum acoustic member so that the output of loud speaker extends to a needed low-frequency limit.Can select the lowest mode of an acoustic member to make its natural reonant frequency that is lower than a transducer apparatus that is coupled, for example lower at least two or three octaves.By suitably selecting parameter, acoustic member can have and lowly reaches 5 hertz pattern, and uses a transducer with 40 hertz of built-in inertias resonance, and output produces contribution for sound for the natural resonance of an acoustic member or complete body beam mode.Therefore, can be intensive mode and uncorrelated in whole frequency range output with phase place.

The method can comprise a plurality of separate transducers devices being provided and it being chosen as to have different natural reonant frequencies.Particularly, use dissimilar low frequency stimulators will propagate the influence of these resonance for loud speaker with different natural reonant frequencies.

In normal running, one transducer that drives the coupling of an acoustic member can make the acoustic member material hardens that is positioned under the transducer coupler, particularly, the border circular areas that is subjected to the acoustic member that a voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of a moving coil transducer surrounded is kept intrinsic and strong drum type pattern that keep neat geometry.The frequency that this local resonance takes place is called the hole resonance frequency and it depends on the shape of coupler coverage rate and the character of acoustic member.Can select the separate transducers device is the coupler coverage rate with different size, is exactly the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of different-diameter, makes its corresponding hole resonance be in different frequencies.Perhaps, can use the combination of moving coil and PZT (piezoelectric transducer), each hole resonance mode can be structural and intersect with the mode profile of acoustic member.

Description of drawings

With example the present invention is described referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view according to a loud speaker of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the plane graph that is used to form the hardboard stock of loud speaker shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 and 4 is the perspective view according to the loud speaker of alternate embodiments;

Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the loud speaker that another form is adjacent with a wall according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 to 10c is the plane graph according to the loud speaker of alternate embodiments;

Figure 11 and 12 perspective views for two kinds of alternative loud speakers being used to represent alternative linkage;

Figure 13 a, 14a and 15a and 13b, 14b and 15b are respectively alternative linkage and are in and open and the view sub-anatomy of closed state;

Figure 16 is used to represent that power transfer passes through the view sub-anatomy of a hinge of hinge;

Figure 17 to 20,22 and 24 to 26 is for being used for connecting the cutaway view of the mechanism that spendable two plates of loud speaker according to the present invention connect;

Figure 22 and 24 is respectively the plane graph and the perspective view of the two alternative mechanisms that are used to connect two plates;

Figure 27 a and 27b represent the mode profile of bending wave plate on frequency that have analogous shape for two;

Figure 28 is the plane graph of one or two beam loud speaker;

Figure 29 is for the loud speaker of Figure 28 cost curve figure with respect to α;

Figure 30 is the perspective view of one or two plate loud speaker;

Figure 31 and 32 is the plane graph of three and four beam ring loud speakers;

Figure 33 a and 33b represent respectively the mode profile for the frequency of three and four beam rings of Figure 31 and 32:

Figure 33 c represents for being added into the mode profile of three beam rings with the frequency of the 4th beam that forms four beam rings; And

Figure 34 a to 34c represents the mode profile for three, four and five beam rings.

Embodiment

The Fig. 1 and the 2 expression first embodiment of the present invention, wherein loud speaker is roughly the form of a rescinded angle shape square bottom pyramid, and Fig. 1 represents that loud speaker is in through the use location of assembling, and Fig. 2 represents to be folded to form the stock of the corrugated boxboard of loud speaker.

This loud speaker comprises a front 82, two sides 84 and back sides, and this back side has by two section 86 that can be separated as a gap 90 of ventilating part for loud speaker.Therefore, loud speaker limits the volume of sealing substantially, single transducer 88 is installed on each side 84, and a pair of transducer is installed on the front 82, makes each face form a template bending wave acoustic radiator or a member that is separately driven.The back side 86 is for passivity and can be coupled to form via hinge as the aforementioned and be pattern initiative (modally active).For this reason, loud speaker comprises an assembly of five bending wave template acoustic members, and wherein at least three acoustic members are directly driven to produce output by transducer institute.

According to the present invention, the shape and size of each acoustic member or face are different and make the mode profile of acoustic member basic different and can structurally intersect.Each front and side 82,84 general forms are the truncated triangles of 10cm for top margin length.The end that it is 56cm that described front 82 has a length and the side edge length of a perpendicular are 100cm.Each side 84 general type is one, and to have the base angle be about 80 ° of equilateral triangles that the base is 47cm.The section 86 that forms at the described back side is generally the about 20cm in base and the triangle of the about 100cm of free margins.

As directed, described loud speaker shown in Figure 1 does not have the parallel back side and limit.Suppressed in the sound reverberation of the standing wave of inside loudspeakers thus.And each acoustic member is arranged on the different orientations, learns member with the separate board ideophone and compares, and has increased loud speaker and environment and has been subjected to interactional complexity between the person.Thus, the preferential excitation of single standing wave and what is called " the best is listened to a little " are removed or have reduced in the room.

In all embodiment, can select described transducer is coupling in and make roughly position uniformly of resonance bending wave pattern.In other words, described transducer can be placed on the resonate higher and opposite relatively relatively low position of resonance node number of quantity of non-node of vibrational excitation.In the present embodiment, realize on the position apart from its vertical substantially side 14cm and 30cm with 30cm apart from base 90cm on the front by transducer 88 is placed on.The described transducer 88 that a side by the described front of approximate vertical is connected on the side is installed on the described side, and its position is for being that the bottom surface of 16cm and the described side of distance is 40cm from described approximate vertical lateral extent.Described transducer 88 in an other side is installed in the hypotenuse 18cm of the described front of distance and the bottom surface 25cm of the described side of distance.

The antemarginal motion of the described side 84 of 86 controls, the described back side.The described back side has added effective baffle dimensions, has improved the response of bass thus.The shape of described baffle plate can be regulated according to the size in room or the requirement on the acoustics.Perhaps baffle plate can be arranged to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, and one of them loud speaker comprises front 82 and two triangle sides 84 of a truncated triangles.Described front 82 is encouraged by a transducer (not shown) and baffle plate is used as in described side 84.The back edge of described side limits a gap, and it can be considered to the opening at a back side 92,94.

Fig. 3 represents a baffle plate of sealing basically, and the back edge of wherein said side is almost by last.The lower limb of the described relatively front of lower limb of less and each side, the described thus back side of opening 92 has a sharp angle.Fig. 4 represents a baffle plate of opening basically, and the back side baffle plate of wherein opening 94 has an obtuse angle θ than the lower limb of the described relatively front of lower limb of big and each described side.Baffle plate is opened more just has extraordinary amount of bass more.

Fig. 5 represents a loud speaker 22, and the contiguous wall of similar loud speaker wherein general and Fig. 3 is installed.Since described side 84 with the contiguous described wall 24 in angle of described wall ground, by the continuity multilated of wall 24 radiation reflected, with benefit and the better stereosonic gathering that provides the sound reverberation of short room.Also upset described reflection from another side and described described radiation of sending previously.Described loud speaker is placed on the floor of carpeting, and it defines at the lower limb of described acoustic member or the end condition on the bottom surface.So just increase the length of the shortest acoustic path that is used to leak and can double the size of described baffle plate effectively.

Fig. 1 limits a volume to the assembly of acoustic member described in the loud speaker shown in Figure 5.Perhaps, on the plane that described acoustic member can generally be arranged to, shown in Fig. 6 to 10.In Fig. 6, described acoustic member assembly 26 forms a piles, they can geometry ground put in order or pseudorandom being separated after link together.In Fig. 7, described assembly comprises a big acoustic member 30, and it has big a, low-frequency transducer 32 and a little acoustic member 34, install accordingly one little, in/high-frequency transducer 36.Described big truncated triangles member 30 is partly around described little triangle member 34.Can use littler member and can arrange described big member 30 fully to center on each little member 34 in ground, rear section.

In Fig. 8, described assembly comprises a preceding triangle acoustic member 40, and it is installed in the top of a back triangle acoustic member 44 with an angle, and acoustic member 44 parts of described back are covered by described acoustic member 40.Described angle can change so that the acoustic member 44 of described back fully is covered.The acoustic member 40 of described front drive by a transducer 42 and the acoustic member 44 of described back can drive by its own transducer (not shown) after passively by acoustic member 40 drivings that cover coupler 46 by described front.Such connector, form be as a pin or a plurality of pin, is connected respectively on the point of high-speed motion of found described holotype of described member.Pin or a plurality of pin 46 also can be used as mass, and the described pattern of influence is known on one or two member.

With reference to figure 9, described loud speaker comprises the assembly of an acoustic member, and form is for arranging dull and stereotyped triangular plate 100,102,104 at grade and be set into the super plate 106 of a combination.Transducer 108,110 be installed on described two big plates 100 and 104 therefore they be initiatively and minimum plate 102 is passive.

Figure 10 a represents that the form of an acoustic member is that plate 120,122,124,126 is arranged in an asymmetric or oblique Maltese cross 128.A transducer 130 is arranged in the center of the cross of described assembly, and it is off-centered for whole assembly.

Among Figure 10 b, this assembly comprises single active isosceles triangle plate 140 and three the less passive coupling plates 142,144 and 146 that driven by transducer 150. Plate 142 and 144 is the right-angled triangle along its hypotenuse coupling, and plate 146 is a rectangle.In single plane, plate is retained on together (seeing Figure 17) by low intensity of shear junction surface 152.With a mass loading 148 be added into one be originally on the identical passive right-angled triangle changing it with respect to other leg-of-mutton mode (modality), and it is synthetic further to increase the pattern of whole loud speaker.

Shown in Figure 10 c, to make groove 222,224 single plate is divided into the accurate acoustic member 180,182 that separates by removing material, and have hard connecting portion 220 betwixt, these grooves can be for by the groove 222 of openend or the groove 224 of sealing.

The acoustic member of the Stereoloudspeaker of Fig. 1 to 5 or face are preferably connected by the coupling device that acoustic member is moved relative to each other, and therefore, coupling device can be used as the hinge of Figure 11 to 16 shown type.Among Figure 11 to 14b, hinge and face become one, so adjacent surface can be made by from one piece.Among Figure 15 a and the 15b, hinge is that a separating member is connected to the two sides, so the two sides can be made by the material pieces that separates.

Loud speaker can be made by a Foldable material, but for example one have the monolithic entity (monolith) of a conquassation central layer or cover dermatotome.The hinge that Figure 11 and 12 expressions can be folded into by these materials, Figure 11 represents that one is used to connect the discontinuity simple chain 50 on two sides 52, hinge 50 comprise crease 54 and crease between excision section or opening 56.Figure 12 represents a kind ofly have a two-fold 58 and for example can be used in hardboard etc. than the hinge of thick material between two sides 52.

If this face by one not Foldable material make, a hinge can be provided with the V-shaped groove shown in Figure 13 a and 13b, Figure 13 a and 13b represent opening of hinge and closed state, each face is made by a composite plate, composite plate comprises that an embedding is clipped in the central layer 60 between two skins 62.At the send as an envoy to point of V-arrangement of the fulcrum 66 that each face can rotate relative to one another of qualification, cut away a V-arrangement section of central layer, comprise that a side covers dermatotome, one side can be in the arrow B direction (Figure 13 a) rotates to the position (Figure 13 b) that the two sides is perpendicular to one another from making the two sides be in a position of same level.Add reinforcement in the zone of described groove along the both sides of plate and be with 64, strengthen band the described hinge of sealing is set in the inboard.Can replace to strengthen by any suitable alternative such as for example adhesive and be with 64.

Figure 14 a, 14b represent a double-strand chain, this double-strand chain comprises that therefore two V-shaped grooves shown in Figure 13 a, the 13b have identical numbering, each face rotates to from the position that makes the two sides be in same level in arrow C and D direction and makes the parallel but position of coplane not, two sides, thus reach 180 ° folding.

Figure 15 a, 15b represent two sides 52, and two sides 52 is separated qualification and approximated a gap of each face thickness greatly and connected by a self-adhesive tape 68 that constitutes hinge.One side can be in the arrow B direction (Figure 15 a) rotates to the position (Figure 15 b) that the two sides is perpendicular to one another from making the two sides be in the position of same level.This self-adhesive tape is chosen as has a highly internally-damped and suitable high tack adhesive, if this acoustic member make by the central layer of a cutting, self-adhesive tape can prevent loose edge creak caye make a sound.

Hinge can have enough flexible so that flat ground of loud speaker structure is adorned, and the flexible of hinge can be for resisting the degree of the degree of deflection to perfect flexibility from cardinal principle.If be perfect flexibility, this hinge is as a simple edge termination that supports of an excited target plate and seldom is with or without crooked wave energy and transmitted hinge.Perhaps, if hinge can be resisted deflection, have residual bending hardness after folding exactly, then crooked wave energy can be transmitted hinge from an excited target face and go to an adjacent surface.Though have loss when increase frequency, hinge can be designed so that the crooked wave energy of its all frequency transmission in opereating specification, is exactly at least up to 20 KHz.

Figure 16 represents that crooked wave energy is to be subjected to drive surface 76 to transmit a hinge 80 and to go to an adjacent surface 78 from one, caused along a rotatory pivot action (arrow D) of the longitudinal axis of hinge 80 by the crooked wave energy in the drive surface, hinge 80 drives in crooked wave energy in the adjacent surface 78, from the bending wave that is subjected to drive surface 76 arrive at hinge 80 as partial side to angular displacement, convert this partial side the displacement of the relative polarity in the adjacent surface 78 to angular displacement by hinge, the displacement of relative polarity has and equates with the home position and reverse angle and the area quality (areal mass) by face 78, hardness and inertia drive in bending wave in the adjacent surface 78.Be subjected to shown in the arrow E and F of the local buckling ripple direction of vibration in drive surface 76 and the adjacent surface 78 as expression respectively, adjacent surface 78 is encouraged with the antiphase (anti-phase) that is subjected to drive surface 76.

On the contrary, the acoustic member of the flatness loud speaker of Fig. 7, Fig. 9,10a and 10b is preferably connected by coupling device, described device allows to form a supporting bracket voluntarily that has stable dimensions and can add upper frame or be supported as veneer ground, at the same time, coupling device or junction surface should have low intensity of shear person adjacent with it is independently irrelevant so that acoustic member in the assembly or plate are kept the bending wave pattern of itself.

Among Figure 17 and 18, two template acoustic members the 160, the 162nd, placed adjacent one another and make it be separated by 1 millimeter to 2 millimeters than proximal edge, coupling device is the form of high-tension film 164 that is installed to the preceding and rear surface of two plates, and described film has less than 200 microns thickness and greater than tension force modulus in the plane of 1GPa.Shown in arrow 168,169, the flexure operation of the neighboring edge of plate 160,162 is antiphase (anti-phase).

Among Figure 17 and 18, between panel edges and film airtight space 166 be filled with air or alternative charges 170.By suitably selecting charges, plate relative rotation and side direction conquassation each other can be resisted in the junction surface, is exactly the gap between the plate that seals, but has the intensity of shear near zero.Charges can be another kind of gas, a kind of liquid or a kind of flexible block foam or for also increasing damping or along with the fibrous material of the hardness of frequency shift for the junction surface.

Among Figure 19 and 20, coupling device is that double-sided self-adhesive foam plastic band 176 and its are bonded to the neighboring edge 172,174 of plate 160,162, and this junction surface has obviously low intensity of shear, compression in the plane of plate, lateral compression and can make plate have the rotation of certain degree toward each other as shown in figure 20.Foam 170 can be the cell that is separated out of opening or sealing and the foam junction surface that is produced can be strengthened by the band on one or the both sides of plate, this band should be flexible (for example P.V.C. band), the plate that can have side direction on arrow 178 directions moves, this structure can be used for automobile application, particularly after-market product effectively, make the sound equipment of installing or building by oneself.

As shown in figure 21, coupling device 184 be separately and acoustic member or plate 180,182 locked together to become a whole geometry structure, still can have independently beam mode vibration simultaneously.Coupling device is the junction surface of perfect rigidity and can be shown among Figure 22 to 26.

Among Figure 22, the junction surface comprises the rib 186 of rigidity basically, and rib 186 strides across the surface that the gap is bonded to plate 182 and 182.Among Figure 23, the junction surface comprises hard glue or other similar material admittedly of a piece 188.Among Figure 24, the pin 190 of a cardinal principle rigidity is arranged in the hole 192 of the edge surface 194 of each plate 180,182.Among Figure 25, plate 180,182 has and comprises that an embedding is clipped in the compound structure of the central layer 200 that covers between the dermatotome 202, and the junction surface comprises the bar 204 of rigidity substantially, and described bar 204 is placed in the recess 206 in each panel edges face of incision of a central layer 200.The configuration of clamping plate 180,182 between packing ring 210 of the nut and bolt 214,212 that Figure 26 represents.

Figure 27 a represents respectively for big triangle template acoustic member and an analogous shape but the mode profile 70,72 of dwindling 50% acoustic member.Figure 27 b represents respectively for identical large-scale acoustic member and an analogous shape but the mode profile 70,74 of dwindling 20% acoustic member.Because these members have similar shape, the pattern during each distributes has identical relative spacing.Yet, with obviously different, for example more dense, more be evenly distributed and extend to more low frequency than primary structural component for the distribution of bigger acoustic member.As shown in the figure, the pattern of single member is structural intersection on frequency.

Can be by drawing the mode that improved aggregated model distributes in the simple example that two beams 14,16 with length L 1 and L2 at one end are bonded together shown in Figure 28, contact 18 can satisfy the boundary condition of a simple support for rigidity and supposition, and around contact, transmit any crooked wave energy by rotating, the mode frequency of this simple example is followed the basic interval that pattern length sets, and comes the actual interval of regulating frequency with two length ratio difference (be exactly to be defined as L1: the size of L2 is than a α) speed that is determined.

Figure 29 represents to decide from the mode frequency of the simple loudspeaker that calculates two curves of optimum size ratio, and first curve, 20 expression cost function cd (being exactly the central difference of mode frequency) are with respect to the size ratio, and the paddy portion in the curve represents best size ratio; Second curve, 25 expression cd are with respect to the derived function of α, and first, the 3rd and the 5th paddy portion good size of representative compares numerical value in the curve.Can find out that by curve best size ratio is 1.134 to be exactly For 1.41 (be exactly

) and 1.76 size than also obtaining good result.

Cost function can be defined as follows:

Wherein

f _mBe mode frequency,

R is a suitable ratio (1: a: a ²: ... a ^N) in a length vector, and total length is l.

X is for to make r get back to a function of the function of n (beam number) and α

Because cost function is the central difference of measurement pattern, so indicate mode profile for frequency.For this reason, when reducing cost function, pattern distributes on frequency more fifty-fifty as far as possible, has reduced any " bearing against (bunching) " or the gathering of pattern exactly.Deriving from the WO99/56497 number a kind of alternative equivalently represented mode for cost function is:

$\mathrm{SEE}\left(f\right)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{\mathrm{last}\left(f\right)-3}\underset{m=1}{\overset{\mathrm{last}\left(f\right)-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(f_{m+1}+f_{m-1}-2\·f_m)}^2}$

This two plate the result can be extended to two rectangular slabs 21,23 shown in Figure 30, because can be considered a series of beam.Two plates have equal height H and length L 1 and L2, with two beams with optimum size than preseting length L1 and L2, be exactly $\mathrm{\α}=\sqrt{9/7}$ And the cost function that calculates as indicated above, height H for the optimum ratio of the wideest plate also is Therefore, the dimension ratio of L1: L2: H equals $1:\sqrt{9/7}:9/7.$

Therefore this result also may extend to the ring of the n beam 28 that has, and also extends to a loud speaker with n plate, wherein n be at least 3 and beam have by 1: α: α ²: ... α ^NThe length ratio of decision.The ring of three or four beams 28 is shown in Figure 31 and 32, and following cost function is drawn for a α with ring of three beams, and good α value is 1.1 to 1.2 and 1.4 to 1.5 scope.

Figure 33 a and 33b represent respectively the mode profile for the frequency of three and four beam rings of Figure 31 and 32, and the longest beam has unit length in each ring, and therefore two rings have and betide about 10 hertz identical lowest mode.In 10 to 550 hertz frequency range, three and four beam rings have 18 and 20 patterns respectively.Therefore, by increasing an extra ring, with the pattern count in the known frequency range is increased, so the density of mode profile also can increase.And especially below 200 hertz, pattern distributes on frequency more fifty-fifty.

Figure 33 c represents that the mode profile of the 4th beam is obviously different with three beam rings for the mode profile of the frequency of the 4th beam that is added into three beam rings formation Fourth Ring beam, and also non-mode occurs in same frequency exactly.The mode profile of the 4th beam and three beam rings is because of the pattern that all has in the diagram frequency range (being exactly 20 hertz to 500 hertz), so overlap each other.As shown in the figure, the mode profile of four beam rings is not the summation for the modal sets of three beam rings and the 4th beam.

Figure 34 a to 34c represents the mode profile for three, four and five beam rings, and wherein Huan entire length is fixing unit length.Therefore the size of crossbeam increases along with the beam number and reduces, and shown in Figure 34 a to 34c, lowest mode occurs in 9.5,13 and 14 eigenvalue for three, four and five beam rings respectively.Because the frequency of emergence pattern and eigenvalue square are directly proportional, the lowest mode of beam is to lower frequency, thereby the lower-frequency limit of the frequency range of loud speaker is increased, because the combination size of identical ring is all arranged in each situation, has the interval of identical pattern among each figure.

Though the relevant board size of above-mentioned announcement, can obtain similar result by changing other board parameter, purpose is the natural mode ratio of the optimization of plate.If have identical materials and thickness, the ratio of pattern just be length ratio square, therefore, be 1: 9/7 and be 1: 9/7 for the n beam for the natural frequency ratio of the bests of above-mentioned simple two beams or two plate situations ...: 9 ⁿ/ 7 ⁿ, can by change comprise bending hardness or thickness etc. any parameter such as tropism or anisotropy or relevant parameter reach this effect.

Claims (40)

1. loud speaker, assembly comprising at least two bending wave template acoustic members, each described acoustic member has a group mode that distributes on frequency, select the parameter of at least two described acoustic members to make obviously different and its configuration of the mode profile of each acoustic member can make the mode profile of this acoustic member assembly on frequency, be structural intersection, and described transducer apparatus is applied to described acoustic member with crooked wave energy and make its resonance produce an output.

2. loud speaker as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described at least two acoustic members are to be coupled by coupling device, makes crooked wave energy to transmit between described acoustic member.

3. loud speaker as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described acoustic member assembly made by the rigid light material sheet of single-piece.

4. loud speaker as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described coupling device by at least one in the described material piece crease form.

5. loud speaker as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described the creasing between at least two adjacent acoustic members comprises creasing of pair of parallel.

6. as the loud speaker of claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that forming described creasing by described material piece is provided with groove.

7. loud speaker as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described groove comprises the partial compression of described material piece.

8. loud speaker as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described coupling device has and can flat ground structure adorns the enough flexible of described assembly.

9. as the loud speaker of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described acoustic member assembly comprises the acoustic member of a plurality of separation of being made by rigid light material sheet.

10. loud speaker as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described coupling device comprises coupling component.

11., it is characterized in that described coupling device is a discontinuity as loud speaker arbitrarily in the claim 2 to 10.

12., it is characterized in that comprising acoustic member with different area as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

13., it is characterized in that comprising to have difform acoustic member as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

14., it is characterized in that comprising acoustic member with different mechanical parameters as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

15., it is characterized in that comprising that described acoustic member assembly limits a volume as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

16., it is characterized in that comprising that at least one described acoustic member is a cardinal principle triangle as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

17., it is characterized in that one has the assembly of leg-of-mutton at least two acoustic members substantially as the loud speaker of claim 16.

18., it is characterized in that described assembly forms a rescinded angle pyramid as the loud speaker of claim 17.

19., it is characterized in that described rescinded angle plane is inclination with respect to the plane of described pyramid bottom as the loud speaker of claim 18.

20. as loud speaker arbitrarily in the claim 16 to 19, it is characterized in that described assembly comprises a front and side, described configuration makes described assembly limit an after-opening.

21. as the loud speaker of claim 20, it is characterized in that described assembly comprises a pair of opposing backside surface, between the described right back side, limit described after-opening.

22., it is characterized in that described transducer apparatus comprises the corresponding vibration transducer that is installed on the corresponding acoustic member as the loud speaker of any one claim of front.

23. as loud speaker arbitrarily in the claim 3 to 22, it is characterized in that described rigid light material sheet is a corrugated sheet, this corrugated sheet is to comprise that skin is covered on the surface and the type that a corrugation central layer is pressed from both sides in the skin embedding is covered on described surface.

24., it is characterized in that described assembly qualification one has front and at least one side of a bottom, and the corrugation central layer in the wherein said front is configured to make its corrugation portion to be vertical extent for described bottom as the loud speaker of claim 23.

25. as the loud speaker of claim 24, it is characterized in that described at least one side has a bottom, and the orientation and its bottom that wherein are arranged in the described corrugation portion of at least one side are an acute angle.

26. loud speaker as any one claim of front, it is characterized in that described transducer apparatus comprises an inertia electric device, described inertia electric device comprises that one is coupled to the coil block and the magnet assemblies of a resilient suspension on described radiator of described radiator.

27. the manufacture method of a bending wave plate loudspeaker, described method comprises: select at least two bending wave template acoustic members, each described acoustic member has a group mode that distributes on frequency, make that the mode profile of each described acoustic member is obviously different, and assemble described acoustic member and make described acoustic member assembly on frequency, be structural intersection, and transducer apparatus is coupled to described assembly makes its resonance produce an output crooked wave energy is applied to described acoustic member.

28. as the method for claim 27, it is characterized in that at least two described acoustic members are coupled, make crooked wave energy between described acoustic member, to transmit.

29., it is characterized in that making described acoustic member assembly by the rigid light material sheet of single-piece as the method for claim 27 or 28.

30., it is characterized in that limiting described acoustic member with described from one piece sheet by in described material piece, forming at least one groove as the method for claim 29.

31., it is characterized in that between at least two adjacent acoustic members, forming the groove of pair of parallel as the method for claim 30.

32., it is characterized in that described arrangements of grooves for can fold described material piece as the method for claim 30 or 31.

33., it is characterized in that forming described groove by the described material piece of partial compression as method arbitrarily in the claim 30 to 32.

34., it is characterized in that described acoustic member being coupled and can adorning described assembly by flat ground structure as method arbitrarily in the claim 28 to 33.

35. as method arbitrarily in the claim 27 to 34, it is characterized in that: select a kind of material of a rigid light material sheet as described acoustic member, described material is to comprise that skin is covered on the surface and the type that a corrugation central layer is pressed from both sides in the skin embedding is covered on described surface, and dispose described assembly limiting a front and at least one side with a bottom, and described corrugation central layer is disposed at makes its corrugation portion be vertical extent in the described front for described bottom.

36. as the method for claim 35, it is characterized in that described at least one side has a bottom, and comprise that orientation arrangement with the described corrugation portion at least one side is for being an acute angle with its bottom.

37., it is characterized in that selecting the parameter of described acoustic member: geometry, size, mass surface density, bending hardness and inner self-damping from the group that comprises following each thing as method arbitrarily in the claim 27 to 36.

38. as method arbitrarily in the claim 27 to 37, it is characterized in that selecting the lowest mode of an acoustic member, make it be lower than the natural reonant frequency of a transducer apparatus that is coupled.

39., it is characterized in that providing a plurality of separate transducers devices and described transducer apparatus be chosen as having different natural reonant frequencies as method arbitrarily in the claim 27 to 38.

40. as the method for claim 38 or 39, it is characterized in that the separate transducers device is chosen as the coupler coverage rate with different size, make its corresponding hole resonance be in different frequencies.

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