CN1503507A - A method for registering from a multicast source to a rendezvous point - Google Patents
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种实现组播源到汇聚点注册的方法，该方法包括为：连接组播源的指定路由器将该源向组发送的第一个组播数据封装在注册消息内单播给对应的汇聚点，并至少记录组与所述汇聚点的对应关系；所述汇聚点收到注册消息后记录该指定路由器的地址，并将该地址与组播路由源组项相关联；所述汇聚点向所述指定路由器发送注册停止消息；所述指定路由器收到注册停止消息后停止注册封装，并通过心跳报文与汇聚点保持相互的关联信息。本发明通过建立“指定路由器－汇聚点”对应关系，并以心跳报文维持该对应关系，减少了空注册报文和注册停止报文在网络上的传输，从而提高网络运行的稳定性和健壮性。
The invention discloses a method for registering a multicast source to a rendezvous point. The method includes: a designated router connected to the multicast source encapsulates the first multicast data sent by the source to the group in a registration message and unicasts it to Corresponding convergence point, and at least record the corresponding relationship between the group and the convergence point; the convergence point records the address of the designated router after receiving the registration message, and associates the address with the multicast routing source group item; the The aggregation point sends a registration stop message to the designated router; the designated router stops registration encapsulation after receiving the registration stop message, and maintains mutual association information with the aggregation point through a heartbeat message. The present invention establishes the "designated router-convergence point" correspondence and maintains the correspondence with heartbeat messages, reducing the transmission of empty registration messages and registration stop messages on the network, thereby improving the stability and robustness of network operation sex.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of realization multicast source to the convergent point process registration.
Background technology
IP multicast route technology has realized the efficient data transmission of IP network mid point to multiple spot.Since effectively conserve network bandwidth, reduce offered load, IP multicast route technology all is widely used in all many-sides such as resource discovering, multimedia conferencing, data copy, real time data transmission, recreation and emulation.
D class address space is used for the IP multicast in the IP address, and each D class address is used for identifying a multicast group.IGMP (IGMP) sets up and safeguards the multicast member relation information between main frame and multicast router.Multicast routing protocol is used certain multicast routing algorithm structure multicast distribution tree according to these multicast member relation informations that IGMP safeguards, carries out multicast packet and transmits.
Multicast routing protocol is divided into agreement in inter-domain protocol and the territory.Inter-domain protocol comprises MBGP, MSDP, BGMP etc.Agreement comprises PIM-SM, PIM-DM, DVM convergent point, CBT etc. in the territory.Agreement can mainly be divided into two classes in the territory.One class is the sparse mode multicast routing protocol, comprises PIM-SM, CBT etc.; Another kind of is the dense mode multicast routing protocol, comprises PIM-DM, DVM convergent point etc.
Protocol Independent Multicast-sparse mode (being called for short PIM-SM) adopts the mechanism by the explicit adding of the multicast stay of two nights to make up shared tree, carries out the distribution of multicast data message.Satisfying under the certain condition, the multicast packet recipient can also switch to shortest path tree.In addition, PIM-SM is irrelevant with unicast routing protocol, and it uses unicast routing table to carry out inverse path and transmits (RPF) inspection, rather than depends on specific unicast routing protocol.
In pim-sm domain, the router of operation PIM-SM agreement periodically sends Hello message, in order to the PIM router of discovery adjacency, and is responsible for carrying out the election of Designated Router (Designated Router) in multiple-access network.Here, Designated Router is responsible for its direct-connected group membership direction transmission " adding/beta pruning " message towards the multicast distribution tree root node, or the data of direct-connected multicast source are sent to multicast distribution tree.
PIM-SM carries out the forwarding of multicast packet by setting up multicast distribution tree.Multicast distribution tree is divided into two kinds: the convergent point with group G is the shared tree of root and is the shortest path tree of root with multicast source S.PIM-SM finishes the foundation and the maintenance of multicast distribution tree by explicit adding/beta pruning mechanism.
When source host sent multicast packet to group, the data in source were encapsulated in the registration message, and unicast to convergent point by its Designated Router.Convergent point is forwarded to each group membership with the decapsulation packet in source along shared tree again.Afterwards, convergent point can be towards source side specific adding to the transmission source/beta pruning message, in order to add the shortest path tree in this source.The packet in source will not send to convergent point along its shortest path tree with not adding encapsulation like this.When first multicast packet when this tree arrives, convergent point sends to the Designated Router in source and registers-stop message, so that Designated Router stops to register encapsulation process.After this, the multicast packet in this source is no longer registered encapsulation, but earlier sends to convergent point along the shortest path tree in source, by convergent point it is forwarded to each group membership along shared tree again.If reach certain data transfer rate, router with local reception person also can send the shortest path tree that explicit adding message adds the source, and, for example delete operations such as corresponding outgoing interface to being that the shared tree at center carries out suitable renewal with the convergent point.
If convergent point does not have downstream recipient or convergent point to add that (then convergent point sends registration and stops message and stop the source and register for S, G) tree and along shortest path tree (SPT) receive multicast packet.Receive to register-stop message after, Designated Router stops to send registration message.Designated Router is each, and (S G) safeguards that a registration suppresses timer, starts when stopping message receiving.The timer run duration is not registered, and when it was overtime, the Designated Router in source again can be to convergent point clean culture registration message.[detections-time] second (being defaulted as 5 seconds) sends empty registration message (registration message flag bit N is set, and not encapsulation of data) to convergent point before registration suppresses timer expiry, to avoid causing the unexpected increase of flow to convergent point transmission unnecessary data.
The prior art scheme is defined by RFC2362.
Scheme one:
Present PIM-SM agreement necessarily requires to preserve on the convergent point source group information in all multicast domains.And the method for using is to allow the Designated Router in connection source send logon message (logon message of encapsulation of data or empty logon message) to convergent point.Designated Router also will periodically send to convergent point after having had source group information on the convergent point, in order to keep this source group information.
Suppose to have in the multicast domain 10 sources to be connected on the router, when the Designated Router that connects the source first after convergent point was registered, no matter whether there is the recipient of these groups in the network, no matter also whether these recipients join on the SPT in source, Designated Router all sends 10 empty logon messages with periodic (being defaulted as 1 minute) to convergent point, and convergent point also will return 10 stopped registration messages to Designated Router.As long as these 10 source groups are this periodic transmission registration of activity and just going on of stopped registration messages always always.
When 10 source groups no longer sent data, Designated Router stopped to send logon message and empty logon message to the convergent point of these groups.Convergent point the preceding paragraph time will not deleted the information of these source groups after receiving the logon message that sends on the Designated Router.
Scheme two:
This method is an improvement project of technique scheme one, by the draft Designated Router aft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-05 definition of PIM-SM agreement.
Main improvement is:
If convergent point does not need a certain group multicast packet, can send active (*, stopped registration messages G) of a designated groups to Designated Router.Just (S, stopped registration messages G) is the same as having received all after Designated Router is received this message.
There is following shortcoming in scheme one:
1, only preserve on the convergent point active source group in the current field information and and do not know this source group from which Designated Router registration is come.
2, the registration/stopped registration messages of periodic is kept the link of Designated Router to convergent point, causes a lot of protocol massages of transmission on the network, has increased the processing burden of router.
If 3 network delays or router processing time are long, cause the sky logon message to be lost, then Designated Router is encapsulated into multicast packet in the logon message again, to the convergent point registration, has increased the burden of network.
Though scheme two can reduce the number of stopped registration messages, other shortcoming that can not solution one.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of realization multicast source to the convergent point process registration, to reduce a large amount of empty logon messages and the transmission of stopped registration messages on network in the prior art.
The present invention includes following step:
A, connect the Designated Router of multicast source sends first multicast packet from this source to group and be encapsulated in the registration message clean culture to the convergent point of correspondence, and the corresponding relation of record group and described convergent point at least;
B, described convergent point are received the address of writing down this Designated Router behind the registration message, and this address is associated by source group item with multicast path;
C, described convergent point send registration to described Designated Router and stop message;
D, described Designated Router receive that registration stops to stop the registration encapsulation after the message, and by heartbeat message and the mutual related information of convergent point maintenance, and send to nullify message to convergent point by Designated Router, the multicast path of correspondence that is stopped to send multicast packet by the convergent point deletion is by source group item information.
According to said method:
The corresponding relation that also comprises multicast source and described convergent point on the described Designated Router.
Step C is meant convergent point owing to there is not the downstream recipient, directly send registration and stop message to Designated Router, perhaps described convergent point adds the shortest path tree in source, and sends registration to Designated Router stop message when receiving first along data that this shortest path tree arrives.
Step D is meant that Designated Router and convergent point send a heartbeat message every some cycles to the other side.
Described convergent point receives that whenever the heartbeat message of Designated Router then refreshes the information that is associated with described Designated Router.
If not receiving the heartbeat message of described Designated Router in continuous a plurality of cycles, deletes described convergent point related information with this Designated Router;
If not receiving the heartbeat message of described convergent point in continuous a plurality of cycles, deletes described Designated Router related information with this convergent point.
Designated Router and convergent point one of them when not supporting heartbeat message, Designated Router then periodically sends empty logon message to keep the source group information on the convergent point to convergent point.
The present invention is by setting up " Designated Router-convergent point " corresponding relation, and keep this corresponding relation with heartbeat message, reduced the transmission on network of empty logon message and stopped registration messages, also avoid losing the registration repeatedly that causes because of empty logon message, and reduce state and the timer that router is safeguarded, thereby improve the stability and the robustness of the network operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 registers schematic diagram for Designated Router to convergent point;
Fig. 3 is convergent point sends a schematic diagram from stopped registration messages to Designated Router;
Fig. 4 is for keeping the schematic diagram of getting in touch by heartbeat message between Designated Router and the convergent point;
Fig. 5 is the corresponding relation figure of Designated Router and convergent point;
Fig. 6 is Designated Router of the present invention sends a schematic diagram from logout message to convergent point.
Embodiment
The present invention be Designated Router in a kind of efficient realization PIM-SM agreement (be called for short DR) to convergent point (being called for short RP) process registration, be called registration--de-registration mechanism, in order to substitute the registration of prior art--registration stops mechanism.
Consult flow chart shown in Figure 1:
(1) consult shown in Figure 2: at first, after the Designated Router that connects multicast source is received the multicast traffic stream that multicast source sends, first multicast packet that this source is sent to group is encapsulated in the registration message clean culture to the convergent point of correspondence, and writes down the corresponding relation of group address and described convergent point address at least.Designated Router also can write down the address information in source simultaneously, and this information is corresponding with the address of convergent point.
(2) convergent point is received the address of writing down this Designated Router behind the registration message, and the address of this address with group address message and multicast source is associated.Convergent point is forwarded to each group membership with the decapsulation packet in source along shared tree again.
(3) consult shown in Figure 3ly, convergent point sends registration to described Designated Router and stops message.
Convergent point can be towards source side specific adding to the transmission source/beta pruning message, converge in order to the shortest path tree that adds this source, and the collection point sends registration to described Designated Router and stops message when receiving first along data that this shortest path tree arrives; Perhaps convergent point directly sends registration to Designated Router and stops message owing to there is not the downstream recipient;
(4) consult shown in Figure 4, Designated Router stops to register encapsulation process after receiving stopped registration messages, and by heartbeat message and the mutual related information of convergent point maintenance, and send to nullify message to convergent point by Designated Router, the multicast path of correspondence that is stopped to send multicast packet by the convergent point deletion is by source group item information.
Above-mentioned related information is meant Designated Router one convergent point relation, and this relation is to be based upon the direct connection router Designated Router of multicast source and the relation between the convergent point.
After Designated Router is received first stopped registration messages that certain convergent point sends, to heartbeat message of convergent point clean culture, convergent point is also responded a heartbeat message to Designated Router after receiving heartbeat message, and Designated Router and convergent point have just been set up " Designated Router-convergent point " relation like this.The back sends a heartbeat message to the other side at set intervals later on, but the acquiescence value is 60 seconds.
Designated Router-convergent point heartbeat message form such as following table:
0??1??2??3???4???5??6??7????8??9??10??11??12??13??14??15??16??17??18??19??20??21??22??23??24??25??26??27??28??29??30??31
| Version | Type | Keep | Verification and |
| Coding clean culture DR address | |||
| Coding clean culture RP address | |||
Type=9
The type of message code is 9;
The address that comprises Designated Router and convergent point.
Convergent point receives that whenever the heartbeat message that Designated Router is sent just refreshes the source group information that is associated with this Designated Router.If continuous three cycles (giving tacit consent to 180 seconds) do not receive the heartbeat message that the other side sends and just delete this Designated Router-convergent point relation, and convergent point is deleted the active group of information that is associated with this Designated Router.
The Designated Router of preserving on Designated Router and the convergent point-convergent point relation reaches can consult shown in Figure 5 with the corresponding relation of source group information.
Consult log off procedure shown in Figure 6:
A certain multicast source on the Designated Router of having set up Designated Router-convergent point relation stops to send multicast packet, and (after (S, G)) item was overtime, Designated Router was nullified message to one of convergent point clean culture by the source group at its multicast path.After convergent point receives to nullify message, delete (S, G) information that oneself keep.
Nullify the form such as the following table of message
0??1??2??3???4??5???6??7???8??9??10??11??12??13?14??15????16??17??18??19??20??21??22??23??24??25??26??27??28??29??30??31
| Version | Type | Keep | Verification and |
| The code set address | |||
| The coding unicast source address | |||
Type=10
The type of message code is 10;
Comprise source address and the group address that to nullify in the message.
The present invention can also with former technical scheme compatibility, can guarantee to use the router of this programme like this and use router operate as normal in same multicast domain of former technical scheme.
Exist related multicast source group with registration--de-registration mechanism is safeguarded its state on Designated Router and convergent point with Designated Router-convergent point relation on the router, do not have and specify router-corresponding source group of convergent point relation to carry out the registration of Designated Router to convergent point by former technical scheme.
Do not support registration--de-registration mechanism on the convergent point:
When Designated Router after convergent point registration, convergent point does not send heartbeat message to Designated Router, Designated Router and convergent point can not be set up Designated Router-convergent point and concern.Designated Router just periodically sends empty logon message to keep the source group information on the convergent point to convergent point by former technical scheme so.After the multicast source on the Designated Router no longer sent multicast packet, Designated Router also no longer sent logon message to convergent point, and the source group information via a period of time on the convergent point will be normally overtime.
Do not support registration-de-registration mechanism on the Designated Router:
When Designated Router after convergent point sends logon message, convergent point sends heartbeat message to Designated Router, but Designated Router does not send heartbeat message to convergent point, Designated Router and convergent point can not be set up Designated Router-convergent point and concern.Periodically send empty logon message to convergent point by former technical scheme Designated Router so, convergent point is replied stopped registration messages by former technical scheme after receiving logon message.After the multicast source on the Designated Router no longer sent multicast packet, Designated Router also no longer sent logon message to convergent point, and the source group information via a period of time on the convergent point will be normally overtime.
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