CN1475105A

CN1475105A - Capillary infiltrating irrigation device

Info

Publication number: CN1475105A
Application number: CNA031783309A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘连山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-07-10
Filing date: 2003-07-10
Publication date: 2004-02-18

Abstract

A capillary percolating irrigation apparatus is composed of a water storage system and a percolating rope rich in capillary tubes and made of cotton, wool, silk, bast, etc. One end of said percolating rope is immersed in water and the other end is put at the position where irrigation is needed.

Description

The capillary osmotic irrigation device

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to technology, particularly have cistern and its major part is positioned at the root feeder around the growth substrate forest, vegetation, field automatic watering.

Background technology

China's water resource is very deficient, is one of 13 poor-water countries in the world, and per capita water resource only is 1/4th of the per capita water resources quantity in the world.Water is irreplaceable fundamental in all life processes, farming, the water essential condition that also is absolutely necessary in the production of forestry.Countries in the world are all in the scientific research that rationally utilizes technology of paying attention to water and its Products Development.Slight irrigation is to study the earliest and obtained many effective technology achievements and auxiliary products, and in the important topic of constantly researching and developing.Israel adopts the slight irrigation area to account for 70% of total irrigated area, and the U.S. is 4.3%, and China only is 0.25%, and substantially all is to introduce technology, and its level still has certain gap.Slight irrigation divides drip irrigation and microspray irrigation, and drip irrigation is divided into the face of land and underground again.Underground drip irrigation is economized on water the most, and it is effective but investment is high, exists and easily stops up and reluctant significant deficiency.

In recent years, infiltration irrigation technology has large development, of paramount importance two classes that surely belong to: a class is to utilize flex foam (sponge), high-absorbent material suction (being commonly called as solid water) infiltrating irrigation, and another kind of is capillary osmotic irrigation.What CN2444885 Chinese patent " plant water receiver " by name was introduced is to establish bullet below water receiver, and the dress cavernous body is to realize infiltrating irrigation in the cone; Among the CN1108465A Chinese patent of by name " anti-drought apparatus of drawing-off collected storaged water " described be to leach the Wetted Surface that the device lower end is made up of absorbent material, the water of leaching is for the soil absorption; Application number is that the Chinese patent of 02147429.X is to absorb the water of water supply part with in its infiltration earth with absorbent material for another example.Application number is pot plant water supply for the technology that 93206266.0 Chinese patent provides; The Chinese patent (CN2141645) of " vegetation automatic irrigation device " by name of application in 1992 is described also to be the filtration irrigation device that pot plant is used, water storage container is hung over the flowerpot edge, there is pipe to link to each other between flowerpot and water storage container, cotton core is arranged in the pipe, one end of pipe inserts in the earth, the other end inserts in the container of retaining, by the capillary action of cotton core.

Under limited condition, have certain effect in the above-mentioned prior art, but use foamed plastics, the absorbent material water absorption all is limited, output surpasses water absorption can produce waste, very little then not enough, be difficult to control, its investment is also bigger, is difficult for the suspicion that decomposition also has contaminated environment in placing into the soil in addition.Using the capillarity of cotton core, cotton rod should be very desirable infiltration effect because can well control carrying capacity, and reduced investment, yet the capillarity of cotton core a little less than, suction head is limited, the dredging of cotton core, the tight also bad control of degree.The only practical potted plant flowers and plants of particularly above-mentioned technology are supplied water, and are difficult for extensive the use.

Summary of the invention

At the defective that above-mentioned prior art has, it is little to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of investment, can be automatically, effectively, even filtration irrigation device, and do not have the worry of hostile environment.

Principle of the present invention is, the capillarity of pipe and siphonage combined carry out infiltrating irrigation.The capillary energy that inserts in the water raises up the intraluminal fluid face automatically, manages that the detailed rules and regulations suction head is high more more, and irrelevant with trend with the form of pipe.In container, when below horizontal, then produce siphonage again as pipe being curved shape and extending to outer its mouth of pipe of container, water in the container constantly can be exported by capillary, till the end at the container inner capillary tube surfaces.Technical scheme of the present invention is to place underwater in the water storage system with having an end that is rich in infiltration rope capillaceous, and the rope that will seep water causes outside the water storage system, makes its other end place with the same level in water storage system bottom or is lower than the place of its bottom (needing to irrigate).The device of implementing this scheme has multiple, wherein a kind of device is as shown in Figure 1: water storage system is that water 2 is housed in the tank 1, one end of infiltration rope 3 is placed the bottom of water in the container, the rope that will seep water is drawn in container, the other end hangs down into outer the maintaining an equal level with container bottom or be lower than the position of container bottom of container, container since capillarity water rise gradually along infiltration rope, then through sweep toward " the walking " of rope to the lower part, the end that final " walking " restricts to infiltration and oozing out.Water that rope is carried can slowly drip if the end outside the container of infiltration rope is unsettled; If it is wetting gradually to imbed native next infiltration end soil, can form wetting " ball " shape earth.

Described infiltration rope, diameter is 2～20mm, is with cotton, hair, silk, fiber crops, viscose glue (chemistry), the fiber that synthesizes or in the yarn one or more, restraints or weave to form.The fiber of glass material or tow become or braid also produces effect.Synthetic fibers can be atresias or porose, also can mix.After deliberation, better with the kernmantle effect, be that the rope of braid wrapped yarns wire harness is better especially with the crust.In order to reduce evaporation of water, a layer plastic bushing arranged in that the infiltration rope is outer, one of sleeve pipe arises from the infiltration rope at the outlet of container place, and the other end terminates in from the about 2～20cm of fag end place (accompanying drawing 1 4), and certain, this end should be embedded in the soil during use.The capillary suction head of infiltration rope is limited, not only relevant with caliber capillaceous, the material of also being restricted (fiber), tightness, the weaving manner compiling or restraint, can moisten the influence of factors such as the degree of mixing, so the infiltration rope absolute altitude more than the water surface be " because of rope different ", in general be no more than 30cm, to be advisable below the 20cm.The outlet of drawing infiltration rope of the tank of this a kind of device can be at the top or any position of sidewall, does not leak outside as long as an end of infiltration rope can be inserted the bottom of water in the container and is filled with water.The another kind of device of implementing this scheme is as shown in Figure 2: extend the place that needs infiltrating irrigation water at delivery port place, the bottom of tank 1 configuring pipes, all can leave one or more mouths of a river and configuration infiltration rope at any position of pipe, one end of rope is suction in pipe, and the other end of rope is then imbedded in the soil for infiltrating irrigation.Configurable some arms 6 on pipe (person in charge) 5 who allots from tank can have one or more delivery ports on the arm, and each delivery port all disposes infiltration rope 4 as shown in Figure 3.This device is applicable to the large tracts of land infiltrating irrigation, use the distance of 2 in thick, the thin and infiltration rope of infiltration rope look institute's floristics of irrigating come fixed: the root of forest class is thick, uses the infiltration rope thick, and infiltration rope spacing will be greatly; The root of grass and crops is tiny, uses the infiltration rope thin, and infiltration rope spacing is smaller, to guarantee these plant survivals, and the required moisture of growing.Filtration irrigation device of the present invention can in time be supplied with plant water-soluble fertilizer, water-soluble various agricultural chemicals supplying water simultaneously, to satisfy need at that time.

Filtration irrigation device of the present invention is from screening each seepage material, in the laboratory, garden and scene carry out big quantity research and experiment work, goes through the several years, obtained very satisfied effect.

This filtration irrigation device of the present invention, compared with prior art the characteristics that had are: rationally and dexterously utilize siphonage capillaceous and spy's usefulness and pipe, and it is overlapped, from tank, water drawn automatically and lentamente and go to irrigate plant outside the container.Particularly infiltration is restricted, and it has many " root " capillary, no matter at any position (fag end, centre) of rope capillarity can be arranged, and therefore is difficult for blocked; Power need not be added in addition and device goes specially to control; Reduced investment, easily enforcement; Can not work the mischief to environment; Can accomplish water-saving to greatest extent, guarantee needing of plant survival, growth.This filtration irrigation device can be used for little of pot flowers, the infiltrating irrigation of arriving lawn in blocks, nursery, afforestation, green house of vegetables and farmland greatly, and the institute field that utilizes is very extensive.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is visual infiltration device schematic diagram

Fig. 2 is tank end opening pipe arrangement and infiltration outlet schematic diagram

Fig. 3 forest land infiltrating irrigation pipe arrangement schematic diagram

Wherein: 1 is to be irritated trees for the water delivery person in charge 6 for delivery pipe branch 7 for infiltration rope sleeve 5 for infiltration rope 4 for the water in the container 3 for tank 2

Embodiment

Example 1

Infiltration visual contrast device: glass sandy soil case, long 150cm, wide 50cm, high 100cm, interior dress dry ground, on all put three 2000ml plastic containers, the 1000ml water of wherein respectively packing into, respectively putting an external diameter is 10mm cotton kernmantle, and the one end is the bottom in water, and the other end is imbedded 30cm in the soil, 50cm, 70cm place respectively.There is a flexible plastic sleeve pipe (two ends are not sealed) outside of rope, and its two ends are respectively on the water surface and imbed the preceding 10cm place of an end in the soil.

Observing effect respectively at 20cm, 40cm, 60cm place, forms the spherical wet soil " ball " of the about 60～80cm of diameter in the three length infiltration rope container.Water in the container oozed complete in 6～12 hours.

Example 2

Device is as example 1, but rope is different, is respectively glass fiber bundle, nylon rope, cotton and washs wheel blending kernmantle, and external diameter is 10cm, and container is the 1000ml glass beaker, all adorns 500ml water, and infiltration rope one end is at the bottom of cup, and the other end is imbedded 50cm place in the soil.The time that water in the cup is exhausted was respectively 3 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours.

Implement 3

10L end opening vial, the end opening place connects the semihard pvc pipe of a long 10m, relatively respectively drives two mouths and spreading 10cm short tube every 2 meters, the infiltration rope is inserted in each short tube end, and the sealing tube head makes it water-tight, and rope 10cm in short tube connects the water that is oozed outer the locating of pipe with plastic containers.The 5L water of packing in the bottle oozed in 10 hours.

Example 4

The potted flower filtration irrigation device is equipped with 800ml water in the 1L bottle, to be the 6mm kernmantle imbed by going up under water to be folded down to bottleneck a diameter.In seven cun flowerpot sandy soil layers, at the bottom of soil layer is lower than bottle, plantation pomegranate one strain in the flowerpot, two all basin soil are not done.

Example 5

Greening woods filtration irrigation device.By the tank that brick and cement are infused, end opening is furnished with φ 50mmPVC and is responsible for 50m, every each 20 meters two of the relative connecting branches of 5m (φ 10mm).Arm has 1～3 delivery port to every strain usage tree root, and the infiltration rope all is installed, and an end of rope is in delivery port, and its other end is imbedded around the tree root, and the infiltration rope has flexible plastic sleeve outside pipe, reserve fag end 10cm.Every usage tree root has 2～6 infiltration ropes to supply water.The layout of its pipe as shown in Figure 3.

Claims

1, a kind of capillary osmotic irrigation device by being made up of the capillarity material in tank, pipeline and the pipeline, is characterized in that a kind of infiltration rope capillaceous and water storage system formation of being rich in; One end of infiltration rope places in the water storage system underwater and the rope that will seep water to lead to outside the water storage system, and its other end places with the water storage system same level in bottom or is lower than the soil layer of the position bottom it; The infiltration rope extremely has the flexible plastic pipe box apart from the other end 5～20cm from the water storage system exit;

Described infiltration rope forms for restrainting or weave with cotton, hair, silk, fiber crops, viscose glue, synthetic fiber or in the yarn one or more, also can or weave by glass fibre or tow one-tenth to form, and diameter is 2～20mm;

Described water storage system is a tank.

2, capillary osmotic irrigation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described rope that will seep water is drawn outer its outlet of water storage system can be at the top of tank or any position of sidewall.

3, capillary filtration irrigation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described water storage system is that tank reaches from tank bottom delivery port configuring pipes, and there is delivery port at one or more positions of pipeline and disposes the infiltration rope.

4, capillary osmotic irrigation device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that describedly being trunk line and one or more laterals being arranged thereon from tank bottom delivery port configuring pipes, on the lateral one or more delivery ports can be arranged, and dispose the infiltration rope.

5,, it is characterized in that described infiltration rope is braiding crust wrapped yarns wire harness according to each described capillary osmotic irrigation device in the claim 1,2,3 or 4.