CN1462533A - Channel encoding apparatus and method in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A decoding apparatus and method in an OFDM communication system. A channel with a given frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub-channels, pilot symbols are transmitted on predetermined sub-channels, and data symbols are transmitted on the other sub-channels. A channel estimator generates a first channel estimate for each of the data symbols using the pilot symbols, a log likelihood ratio calculator calculates the reception probability of each information bit in the data symbol based on the first channel estimate, and a decoder generates the estimated probability values of the information bits based on the reception probability values of the information bits in the data symbol. Then, the channel estimator generates a second channel estimate for the data symbol based on the estimated probability values of information bits in the data symbol and updates the first channel estimate with the second channel estimate.

Description

Channel decoding device in the ofdm system and method

Background technology

1, invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of OFDM (OFDM) communication system, the channel decoding device and the method for particularly a kind of use MAP (Maximum A Posterior, maximum a posteriori) algorithm.

2, description of Related Art

Recently be used in wired and OFDM wireless channel high speed transfer of data and be and a kind ofly convert the serial code element sequence to the paralleled code element sequence and before transmission, use a plurality of orthogonal sub-carriers (or subchannel) to carry out modulated M CM (multi-carrier modulation) modulation.

First uses the system of MCM is early stage military HF (high frequency) radio link of the fifties later stage and the sixties.At the seventies, developed as the OFDM technology of the subcarrier of the modulation signal with tight quarters and overlapping frequency spectrum of the special shape of a kind of MCM, still, the challenge task that obtains quadrature modulation between a plurality of carrier waves makes the enforcement of ofdm system very difficult.Yet in 1971, Weinstein and Ebert adopted DFT (discrete Fourier transform (DFT)) in the parallel data transmission system, and as the part of modulation and demodulation processing procedure, this has promoted the development of OFDM widely.By the insertion protection introducing of being represented by periodic lead code at interval, the influence that has further reduced multipath fading and delay spreads in ofdm system.Thereby OFDM more and more is employed in resembling the such Digital Transmission of DAB (broadcasting of digital audio sound), digital television broadcasting and WATM (wireless asynchronous transfer mode).Because the hardware complexity, OFDM also is not widely used, and now, it uses with the advanced Digital Signal Processing that comprises FFT (fast fourier transform) and IFFT (contrary fast fourier transform) at large.OFDM and FDM (frequency division multiplexing) are similar, and it has guaranteed the orthogonality of a plurality of subcarriers in transmission course.Thereby, since the frequency spectrum stack, frequency service efficiency height, and decline of blanketing frequency selectivity and multipath fading make to reach best efficiency of transmission in high speed data transfer.And owing to use protection at interval, ofdm system has reduced inter symbol interference (ISI), has simplified the equalizer in the hardware, and the paired pulses psophometer reveals robustness.Thereby OFDM is widely used in the communication system.

Fig. 1 is the calcspar of transmitter in the typical ofdm communication system.With reference to figure 1, when the input information data, encoder (not drawing) uses a kind of predetermined coding method to information data coding.The data of interleaver interweaving encoding in an interleaver prevent burst error.The information data I that was interleaved (1, k) be serial data.Deserializer (S/P) 111 is by (l k) places a plurality of subchannels of generation by parallel mode the serial information data I.Pilot tone inserter 113 generates the pilot frequency code element that presets and they is inserted subchannel, just, is the channel estimating at receiver, receives data symbols from S/P111.Pilot frequency code element that is to say, pilot subchannel is arranged on the predetermined transmission location.Pilot frequency code element inserts will be with reference to figure 2 explanations.

Fig. 2 has described an example that inserts at pilot tone inserter 113 pilot frequency code elements illustrated in fig. 1, and with reference to figure 2, label l represents burst index, represent an OFDM frame, label k represents carrier index, the subchannel of its representative in the OFDM frame, i.e. sub-carrier indices.An OFDM frame comprises the code element of predetermined number.For example, if 16 subchannels are arranged, an OFDM frame comprises 16 code elements.As Fig. 2, every M _tIndividual OFDM frame, pilot frequency code element is inserted into.In an OFDM frame, pilot frequency code element be M at interval _fIndividual subchannel.If M _f=8, M _f=4, pilot frequency code element inserts the first, the 9th, the 17 OFDM frame, and at each OFDM frame, pilot frequency code element is inserted into the first, the 5th, the 9th subchannel.

Get back to Fig. 1, IFFT (inverse fast Fourier transformer) the 115th, K point IFFT, the output of its frequency division multiplexing pilot tone inserter 113, and consequential signal i _{L, n}Give protection inserter 117 at interval.The contrary fast fourier transform code element table of the code element of transmitting on subchannel is shown as $i_{l,n}=\frac{\sqrt{E_s}}{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{k=0}^{N-1}I(l,k)e^{\frac{j2\mathrm{\πkn}}{N}},0\≤n\≤N-1......\left(1\right)$

Here, (i k) is illustrated in the data of the 1st k in the OFDM frame sub-channel, i to I _{L, n}Be illustrated in a sequence after the contrary fast fourier transform.

Protect one of inserter 117 insertion at interval to protect the interval in signal, that is, and from the subchannel of IFFT115 reception, to reduce the influence of ISI and IFI (inter-frame-interference).Each protection comprises the sampling of predetermined number at interval, for example, and N _GIndividual sampling.Parallel-to-serial converter (P/S) 119 will become serial sequence from the parallel sub-channels conversion of signals that protection interval inserter 117 receives, and can be expressed as

Handle and send by RF from the OFDM frame output of P/S119.

The reception of OFDM frame will be described below.Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the receiver of typical ofdm communication system.

Suppose Channel Transmission as described in Figure 1 the dateout of transmitter have by $h\left(n\right)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{L-i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_i.-\mathrm{\δ}(n-i)......\left(3\right)$

The impulse response of calculating.

Here, h (n) is the characteristic of channel.

With reference to figure 3, the signal that receives through a channel that such impulse response arranged is applied in the input as S/P311.This S/P311 that is to say serial input signals the OFDM frame converts the parallel OFDM code element of predetermined number to.Here, suppose that receiver is that unit receives ofdm signal with the frame.Then, protection interval removal 313 will be protected at interval from parallel OFDM code element r _{I, n}Remove. $r_{i,n}=\underset{i=0}{\overset{L-i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_i\·i_{l,n-i}+w_{l,n}.....0\≤n\≤N-1......\left(4\right)$

Here, W _{L, n}It is the noise component(s) that in the Channel Transmission process, produces.

FFT (fast fourier transformer) 315 will drive away the OFDM code element r that device receives at interval from protection _{I, n}By fast fourier transform convert to a plurality of sub-channel signal R (l, k). $R(l,k)=I(l.k)\underset{i=0}{\overset{L-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_i{e}^{\frac{-j2\mathrm{\πik}}{N}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{E_s}}\underset{n=0}{\overset{N-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{w}_{l,n}{c}^{\frac{-j2\mathrm{\πik}}{N}}-I(l,k),H(l,k)+\frac{W(l,k)}{\sqrt{E_s}}......\left(5\right)$ Here L should be less than the number of samples N in the protection at interval _G, (l k) is channel gain to H. $H(l,k)=\underset{i=0}{\overset{L-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_i{e}^{\frac{-j2\mathrm{\πik}}{N}}........\left(6\right)$

(l k) can obtain by the conversion of N point fast Fourier is done in L impulse response of a channel channel gain H.For example, L=10, N=64, impulse responses are used in preceding 10 inputs, 54 remaining usefulness zero replace, to this carry out fast fourier transform obtain channel gain H (l, k).

For from from the signal R of FFT315 output (l k) detects the information data that transmitter sends, receiver channel estimator 317 use pilot frequency code elements estimate channel gain H (l, k).Signal compensator/decision device 319 uses channel gain H, and (l, k) output signal of compensation FFT315 becomes serial data to conversion of signals with P/S312 then.(l, k) (l k) has following relation of plane to channel gain estimated value H with information data I. ${\hat{H}}^{*(l,k)R(l,k)}={\hat{H}}^{*(l,k)H(l,k)I(l,k)}+{\hat{H}}^{*(l,k)W(l,k)}.....\left(7\right)$

In formula (7), if PSK (phase-shift keying) signal, can obtain information data I (l, k).If information data I (l is MQAM (M phase quadrature amplitude modulation) signal k), and it can be estimated as | H (l, k) | ²

(l is the notion of function of the difference of sub-carrier indices and burst index k), and (l k) estimates with pilot frequency code element channel gain H according to channel gain H.That is to say, it according to formula p (m, q)=E{H (l, k) H ^*(l-m, k-q) }, use pilot frequency code element with the predetermined space transmission, the channel gain of numeric code is estimated.

In wireless channel environment, the receiver in typical ofdm communication system uses the pilot subchannel that pilot frequency code element is arranged to come channel gain is estimated, and recovers original information data by using the channel gain estimated value to carry out channel-decoding.If the channel gain estimated value is incorrect, the performance of data decode can severe exacerbation.The accuracy of channel estimation value is along with the number of pilot subchannel increases and improves.Yet because pilot subchannel is only transmitted pilot tone, the number that increases pilot subchannel can reduce the efficiency of transmission of information data.

Therefore, receiver uses limited pilot subchannel to come channel estimating.This just means that channel gain can only be estimated with limited accuracy, because the limited accuracy of channel gain, channel estimating performance is lowered.Especially, resembling (Industrial Science Medical with other type system share I SM, industry, science and technology, medical science) under the channel circumstance of the radio area network of bandwidth and following picocell of future generation (pico-cell) system, because the interference of neighbor systems, SINR (letter is done and the interference plus noise power ratio) can be very low, even under abominable channel circumstance, channel estimating also should be accurate.Because pilot subchannel unavoidably can be subjected to the influence of channel circumstance, the SINR of pilot subchannel will reduce channel estimating performance.

Summary of the invention

It is a kind of in ofdm communication system that one object of the present invention is to provide, and uses data symbols to improve the channel decoding device and the method for channel estimating performance.

Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of channel decoding device and method of being improved channel estimating performance by MAP algorithm use soft-decision-value.

Further purpose of the present invention uses pilot frequency code element and data symbols to improve the channel decoding device and the method for channel estimating performance simultaneously.

To achieve these goals, provide decoding device and method in a kind of ofdm communication system.In ofdm system, the channel of a given frequency bandwidth is divided into the many subchannels that are spaced apart from each other with predetermined space, and pilot frequency code element transmits on predetermined subchannel, and data symbols is transmitted on other subchannel.Channel estimator uses pilot frequency code element to produce first channel estimation value for each data symbols, and the log-likelihood calculations device calculates the probability of acceptance value of each information bit of data symbols according to first channel estimation value.Decoder is according to the probability of acceptance value of each information bit of data symbols, generate the estimated probability value of information bit, then, channel estimator is that data symbols generates the second channel estimated value according to the estimated probability value of information bit in the data symbols, and upgrades first channel estimation value with the second channel estimated value.

In channel decoding method, use pilot frequency code element to generate first channel estimation value for each data symbols, the probability of acceptance value of each information bit in each data symbols is calculated according to first channel estimation value, produce the estimated probability value and the soft decision information bit of data symbols information bit in information bit probability of acceptance value by basis, data symbols is decoded, according to the estimated probability value of information bit, for data symbols produces the second channel estimated value.Replace first channel estimation value with the second channel estimated value.

The accompanying drawing summary

By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing that an example exemplarily is shown, above-mentioned and other purposes of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the transmitter-side block diagram in the typical ofdm communication system;

Fig. 2 has described the example that the pilot frequency code element in pilot tone inserter shown in Figure 1 inserts;

Fig. 3 is the receiver block diagram in the typical ofdm communication system;

Fig. 4 is according to the transmitter-side block diagram in the ofdm communication system of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is according to the receiver block diagram in the ofdm communication system of the embodiment of the invention.

Preferred embodiment is described in detail

Below, describe embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.

Fig. 4 is according to the transmitter-side block diagram in the ofdm communication system of the embodiment of the invention.With reference to figure 4, for input information bits { b _t411, convolution coder 413 is encoded to them by carrying out convolutional encoding with predetermined code rate 1/R, output convolutional encoding information bit { D _t ⁱ(i ∈ 0,1,2 ..., R-1}) to bit symbol transducer 415.For example, if information bit { b _tThe 411st, " aa ", code rate l/R equals 1/4, convolutional encoding information bit { d _t ⁱBe " aaaaaaaa ".Although adopt convolutional encoding in embodiments of the present invention, other coding method also can be used, for example turbo coding (fast coding) and Reed-Solomon (Reed-Solomon) coding.

Bit symbol transducer 415 is with the convolutional encoding information bit { d of every R bit _t ⁱConvert a MQAM code element X to _tObviously, PSK or other modulation system can substitute MQAM.

For fear of burst error, the interleaver 417 MQAM code element { X that interweaves _t.The transmitted symbol that frame maker 419 will interweave is according to the number grouping of subchannel.Just, frame maker 419 is divided into the MK symbol units to the continuous code element that interweaves, and generates M continuous frame, and each frame comprises K subchannel.This M frame is by wanting the actual information bit that sends to obtain, and the subchannel of the K in every frame is the subchannel data of information bit.A frame that comprises K continuous code element is generated and outputs to OFDM modulator 421 in frame maker 419.

OFDM modulator 421 will be modulated into the parallel signal of predetermined number, i.e. sub-channel signal from the consecutive frame signal that frame maker 419 receives by S/P.For channel estimation value, pilot subchannel is inserted into subchannel.Preset the insertion position of pilot subchannel, and in ofdm communication system, transmitter and receiver are all known.The pilot subchannel of data subchannel and insertion is carried out contrary fast fourier transform, and protection is inserted between the IFFT subchannel at interval,, the serial OFDM frame { X that it obtains _{L, k}Output.Such M OFDM frame sent continuously.X _{L, k}Be the 1st k subchannel in the OFDM frame.

Receiver in the ofdm communication system uses the transmission signals that receives from the transmitter of Fig. 4 description to carry out channel estimating and data decode.This will be by being described with reference to Figure 5.

Fig. 5 is according to the receiver block diagram in the ofdm communication system of the embodiment of the invention;

The description of contact Fig. 4, M continuous OFDM frame sends from transmitter, from a plurality of paths by predetermined number A antenna (from antenna #0 to antenna # (A-1)) arrival receiver for example.The OFDM frame that receives is added to the input of ofdm demodulator 511.Although receiver receives M continuous frame,, channel estimating and decoding based on a frame are described for clearer description.

Ofdm demodulator 511 output OFDM frames are not to S/P (drawing).The S/P transducer converts the OFDM code element of serial to the parallel signal of predetermined number.Protection interval removal (not drawing) is removed protection at interval from parallel signal.FFT (not drawing) makes fast fourier transform to the parallel signal that receives from the protection interval removal, and gives delayer 512 and LLR (LogLikelihood Ratio, log-likelihood ratio) calculator 515 channel signal that bears fruit.Delayer 512 is the sub-channel signal delay predetermined time, with the channel estimating time synchronized.Here, ofdm demodulator 511 is from k sub-channel signal of each output of A antenna, with { Y _{L, k} ^aExpression.{ Y _{L, k} ^aBe 1st code element of a k subcarrier from a antenna transmission, k subchannel in the 1st frame just.

The mode that channel estimator 513 is described with Fig. 3 is only used the pilot subchannel in the frame signal, estimates the frame signal { Y from a antenna _{L, k} ^aChannel gain { H _{L, k} ^a, channel gain { H _{L, k} ^aEstimated value is initial channel gain estimated value.

LLR calculator 515 uses the initial channel gain to estimate { H _{L, k} ^aAnd signal { Y _{L, k} ^aCalculate the LLR of the transmitted bit in the 1st code element in k subchannel.LLR is the approximation of the coded-bit of the 1st code element.If transmitter sends signal X, receiver receives signal Y, and LLR is exactly the logarithm of X and Y-ratio.LLR is defined as $L\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i)=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=+1)}{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=-1)}.....\left(8\right)$ Here $Y_{l,k}=[Y_{l,\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="k"\; filenames="A0280156700151.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}^0,Y_{l,\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="k"\; filenames="A0280156700161.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}^1,\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;,Y_{l,k}^{A-1}],$ d _{L, k} ⁱBe i transmission information bit of the 1st code element sending of k subcarrier by transmitter, Pr is transmission information bit { d _{L, k} ⁱAPP (posterior probability values).MAP decoder 519 uses from the LLR discriminative information bit { d of the reception of LLR calculator 515 _{L, k} ⁱValue.Just, MAP decoder 519 uses LLR to judge each transmitted bit d _{L, k} ⁱBe+1 or-1.

Use the initial channel gain to estimate { H at LLR calculator 515 _{L, k} ^a) calculate signal Y _{L, k} ^aLLR after, signal { Y _{L, k} ^aGive deinterleaver 517.Deinterleaver 517 is by using the anti-operation that interweaves in transmitter, with signal { Y _{L, k} ^a) deinterleave.MAP decoder 519 uses the LLR that receives from LLR calculator 515 that deinterleaves signal is decoded.Just, MAP decoder 519 is according to the value of LLR judgement from the information bit of transmitter transmission.

As long as use LLR, MAP decoder 519 can substitute with other decoder, for example Viterbi decoder.Bit symbol transducer 521 will become single MQAM code element from every R bits switch the information bit that MAP decoder 519 receives

This is the code element X that sends from transmitter _{L, k}Estimating code element.Here, estimate transmitted symbol Be transmitted symbol X _{L, k}Soft-decision-value E{X _{L, k}, be expressed as $E\left\{X_{l,k}\right\}={\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{C_i\&Element;{\mathrm{\&Omega;}}_c}{C}_i\mathrm{Pr}[X_{l,k}=C_i]$

Here, Ω _cBe all the transmitted symbol series in the frame.

In interleaver 523, to soft-decision-value E{X _{L, k}Interweave by the deinterleaving method that uses in the transmitter.

Channel estimator 513 is by the soft-decision-value E{X that interweaves _{L, k}Multiply by from the time delayed signal Y of delayer 512 receptions _{L, k} ^a, the initial channel gain is estimated

State by Y with the mode that Fig. 3 retouches _{L, k} ^a.E{X _{L, k}) replace.Channel gain estimated value after channel estimator 513 will upgrade

Give LLR calculator 515.The estimated value of initial channel gain simultaneously

Only use pilot subchannel to calculate, upgrade the channel gain estimated value Use the soft-decision-value of the information bit of transmitter transmission, just, use data channel code element and pilot frequency code element to obtain.Thereby, because the calculating of having used more code element. the channel gain estimated value of renewal is more accurate.

LLR calculator 515 uses the channel gain estimated value of upgrading by formula 8

Come signal calculated { Y _{J, k} ^aLLR.Deinterleaver 518 will deinterleave from the signal of LLR calculator 515 outputs.MAP decoder 519 uses the renewal LLR that receives from LLR calculator 515 that deinterleaves signal is decoded.Just, MAP decoder 519 uses and upgrades the value of LLR judgement by the information bit of transmitter transmission.Bit symbol transducer 521 generates single MQAM code element to every R bit the information bit that receives from MAP decoder 519

As mentioned above, initial channel gain estimated value is only calculated by pilot frequency code element, and adopts data symbols and pilot frequency code element to upgrade.Use and upgrade the channel gain estimated value, the LLR of transmission information bit also has been updated.

Channel gain is estimated or LLR calculates repetition predetermined times or the maximum difference L (d between LLR _{L, k} ⁱ) less than predetermined threshold, promptly $\max \{L^{p+1}\left(d_{l,k}^i\right)-L^p\left(d_{l,k}^i\right)\}$ ＜thresholding.Here, L ^p(d _{L, k} ⁱ) be the L (d of the p time iteration _{L, k} ⁱ).If the maximum difference between the LLR is less than thresholding, this shows the degree that the decoding accuracy of information bit has arrived does not have wrong generation.Threshold value is predefined adaptably with the ofdm system environment.

If top environment is met, MAP decoder 519 is signal { Y the most at last _{L, k} ^aDecoding, just, by $L(b_l=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\{b_l=+1\}}{\mathrm{Pr}\{b_l=-1\}}$ Restoring signal { Y _{L, k} ^aInformation bit.

According to the invention described above, data symbols and pilot frequency code element are used to channel estimating in ofdm communication system, have consequently improved estimated performance, cause the information data decoding more accurate.The additional application of data symbols makes and keeps the efficient of transfer of data to become possibility under the situation of the quantity that does not increase pilot frequency code element.

Although the present invention shows and describes with reference to certain preferred embodiment wherein, but it should be understood that the one of ordinary skilled in the art can carry out the various changes aspect form and the details under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention defined in the appended claims and scope.

Claims (28)

1. the decoding device in an OFDM (OFDM) communication system, wherein, described ofdm communication system has a channel, it has the given frequency bandwidth that is divided into a plurality of subchannels that separated by predetermined space, pilot frequency code element is in predetermined subchannel transmission, and data symbols is in other Channel Transmission.Described decoding device comprises:

Channel estimator, use pilot frequency code element to generate first channel estimation value for each data symbols, estimated probability value according to the information bit in each data symbols generates the second channel estimated value that is used for each data symbols, and uses the second channel estimated value to upgrade first channel estimation value;

The log-likelihood calculations device is according to the probability of acceptance value of each information bit in the first channel estimation value calculated data code element; With

Decoder generates the estimated probability value of information bit according to the probability of acceptance value of the information bit of each data symbols.

2. decoding device as claimed in claim 1, decoder are MAP (maximum a posteriori) decoders.

3. decoding device as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the bit symbol transducer, converts information bit to code element according to the probability of acceptance value of information bit by quadrature amplitude modulation.

4. decoding device as claimed in claim 1, probability of acceptance value can be calculated by following formula $L\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i)=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=+1)}{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=-1)}$

Here Y _{L, k}Be one and comprise the pilot frequency code element that inputs to decoding device and the signal of data symbols, d _{L, k} ⁱBe i information bit in the 1st code element of k subchannel transmission.

5. decoding device as claimed in claim 1, first channel estimating is repeated to upgrade pre-determined number.

6. decoding device as claimed in claim 1, first channel estimation value are repeated to upgrade distance between probability of acceptance value less than predetermined threshold.

7. decoding device as claimed in claim 6, probability of acceptance value is continuous.

8. the decoding device in an OFDM (OFDM) communication system, wherein, described ofdm communication system has a channel, it has the given frequency bandwidth that is divided into a plurality of subchannels that separated by predetermined space, pilot frequency code element is in predetermined subchannel transmission, and data symbols is in other Channel Transmission.Described decoding device comprises:

Channel estimator, use pilot frequency code element to generate first channel estimation value for each data symbols, estimated probability value according to the information bit in each data symbols generates the second channel estimated value that is used for each data symbols, uses the second channel estimated value to upgrade first channel estimation value;

The log-likelihood calculations device is according to the probability of acceptance value of each information bit in the first channel estimation value calculated data code element;

Deinterleaver deinterleaves to data code element and pilot frequency code element;

Decoder generates the estimated probability value of information bit in each deinterleaved data code element according to the probability of acceptance value of the information bit of data symbols;

The bit symbol transducer uses the probability of acceptance value of information bit to convert information bit to code element; With

Interleaver, code element interweaves.

9. decoding device as claimed in claim 8, decoder are MAP (maximum a posteriori) decoders.

10. decoding device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the bit symbol transducer converts information bit to code element according to the probability of acceptance value of information bit by quadrature amplitude modulation.

11. decoding device as claimed in claim 8, probability of acceptance value can be calculated by following formula $L\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i)=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=+1)}{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=-1)}$

Here Y _{L, k}Be one and comprise the pilot frequency code element that inputs to decoding device and the signal of data symbols, d _{L, k} ⁱBe i information bit in the 1st code element of k subchannel transmission.

12. decoding device as claimed in claim 8, first channel estimating is repeated to upgrade pre-determined number.

13. decoding device as claimed in claim 8, first channel estimation value are repeated to upgrade distance between probability of acceptance value less than predetermined threshold.

14. decoding device as claimed in claim 13, probability of acceptance value is continuous.

15. the coding/decoding method of an OFDM (OFDM) communication system, wherein, described ofdm communication system has a channel, and it has the given frequency bandwidth that is divided into a plurality of subchannels that separated by predetermined space, pilot frequency code element is in predetermined subchannel transmission, and data symbols is in other Channel Transmission.Said method comprising the steps of:

Use pilot frequency code element to generate first channel estimation value for each data symbols, estimated probability value according to the information bit in each data symbols generates the second channel estimated value that is used for each data symbols, uses the second channel estimated value to upgrade first channel estimation value;

Probability of acceptance value according to each information bit in the first channel estimation value calculated data code element; With

Generate the estimated probability value of information bit according to the probability of acceptance value of the information bit of each data symbols.

16. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 15 uses MAP (maximum a posteriori) algorithm to generate the estimated probability value.

17. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 15 also comprises the step that by quadrature amplitude modulation information bit is converted to code element according to the probability of acceptance value of information bit.

18. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 15, probability of acceptance value can be calculated by following formula $L\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i)=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=+1)}{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=-1)}$

Here Y _{L, k}Be one and comprise the pilot frequency code element that inputs to decoding device and the signal of data symbols, d _{L, k} ⁱBe i information bit in the 1st code element of k subchannel transmission.

19. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 15, first channel estimating is repeated to upgrade pre-determined number.

20. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 15, first channel estimation value are repeated to upgrade distance between probability of acceptance value less than predetermined threshold.

21. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 20, probability of acceptance value is continuous.

22. the coding/decoding method in an OFDM (OFDM) communication system, wherein, described ofdm communication system has a channel, it has the given frequency bandwidth that is divided into a plurality of subchannels that separated by predetermined space, pilot frequency code element is in predetermined subchannel transmission, and data symbols is in other Channel Transmission.Said method comprising the steps of:

Use pilot frequency code element to generate first channel estimation value for each data symbols;

Calculate the probability of acceptance value of each information bit in each data symbols according to first channel estimation value;

Data code element and pilot frequency code element are deinterleaved;

Calculate the estimated probability value of the information bit of each deinterleaved data code element and soft decision information bit according to the probability of acceptance value of information bit;

Use the probability of acceptance value of information bit to convert information bit to code element;

Code element interweaves; With

Estimated probability value according to information bit generates the second channel estimated value that is used for data symbols, and uses the second channel estimated value to upgrade first channel estimation value.

23. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 22 uses MAP (maximum a posteriori) algorithm to carry out soft-decision.

24. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 22 also comprises the step that by quadrature amplitude modulation information bit is converted to code element according to the probability of acceptance value of information bit.

25. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 22, probability of acceptance value can be calculated by following formula $L\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i)=\log \frac{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=+1)}{\mathrm{Pr}\left(Y_{l,k}\right|d_{l,k}^i=-1)}$

Here Y _{L, k}Be one and comprise the pilot frequency code element that inputs to decoding device and the signal of data symbols, d _{L, k} ⁱBe i information bit in the 1st code element of k subchannel transmission.

26. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 22, initial channel estimation are repeated to upgrade pre-determined number.

27. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 22, first channel estimation value are repeated to upgrade distance between probability of acceptance value less than predetermined threshold.

28. coding/decoding method as claimed in claim 27, probability of acceptance value is continuous.

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