The method of antiseptic-germicide chitosan and preparation thereof and preparation cellosolve spinning solution
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of antiseptic-germicide chitosan and preparation thereof and preparation germ resistance chitosan/cellulosic fibre solvent spinning solution.Belong to chitosan antimicrobial agent and be applied to the spinning technology of cellulosic fibre.
Background technology
The quaternary ammonium derivative of chitosan has stronger germ resistance, and (Dean is strong, the special collection of polymer natural polymer (day), 1998,47 (6): 386) in application existing certain aspect the antibacterial fabric hygienic finishing.But, there is the preparation feedback of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt of application report all to occur on the amino of chitosan pyranose ring at present, its result has influenced the unique natural alkaline polysaccharide of occurring in nature---some characteristics of chitosan.We have developed grafted chitosan quaternary ammonium salt on 6 hydroxyls of chitosan ring carbon for this reason, and this derivative has good water-soluble and germ resistance.And the chitosan basal body of this derivative has similar molecular structure and good consistency with Mierocrystalline cellulose, can be used for developing the natural antibacterial cellulosic fibre.
At present, the current fine production method of cellulosic one-tenth of textile industry has two kinds of viscose process and solvent methods in the world.Based on cellulosic viscose glue production technique, Japanese fuji weaving is gone into viscose glue and is developed antibiotic odourproof fiber Chitopoly the chitosan powder is mixing, this fiber can use separately, also can with blending such as synthon, cotton fibre, be used for the preparation (Japanese kokai publication hei 4-289211,6-308109,10-37018) of garment for children.Applicant is (number of patent application: 00100636.3 in last applying for a patent, publication number: CN1266922A), with fine chitosan water dispersion and derivative thereof is antiseptic-germicide, with N, the O-cm-chitosan is an expanding material, join in the viscose rayon filament yarn spinning solution, spin out the chitosan/viscose glue antibacterial fiber of appearance, anti-microbial property excellence.
But cellulosic viscose process spinning complex manufacturing, serious waste of resources, and have the serious environmental pollution problem in process of production.And cellulosic solvent method spinning has production technique cleaning, pollution-free, the characteristics such as cellulosic fibre performance excellence that make, is the focus of present cellulose fiber spinning technical study.The solvent that more sophisticated cellosolve method spinning technique uses mainly contains two kinds of lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) and N-methyl beautiful jades-N-oxide compound/water (NMMO/H2O).The solvent method spinning method for genuine of germ resistance chitosan (derivative)/cellulosic fibre that patent of the present invention relates to is not seen any report as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of antiseptic-germicide chitosan and preparation thereof and preparation cellosolve spinning solution.Described chitosan antimicrobial agent is to be starting material with the chitosan, 6 the O-quaternary ammonium derivatives of serial chitosan ring carbon that synthesize, and this derivative is than chitosan, and it is good to have germ resistance, has a broad antifungal spectrum, advantage such as water soluble characteristic is good.This O-chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is mixed with solution or solvent borne suspension, with the cellulose spinning fluid blend, spin out that quality softness, height are preserved moisture, nontoxic, no skin irritation, produce free of contamination germ resistance chitosan/cellulosic fibre by solvent method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention's design has also been developed following technical proposals:
The chitosan that a kind of anti-microbial property is good, it is 6 O-quaternary ammonium derivatives of chitosan ring carbon, comprising: O-2 '-HACC and its constitutional features of O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan are:
This chitosan derivatives viscosity-average molecular weight is 10-60 ten thousand, and degree of deacetylation is greater than 80%, and 6 O substitution values of carbon are 0.5-0.8, and heat decomposition temperature is 250 ℃, solubleness 〉=10g/100ml water.
The preparation method of above-mentioned chitosan derivatives: the chitosan of molecular weight between 10-60 ten thousand that adopts the gamma-rays radiation degradation to obtain, in 10% acetum, carry out the building-up reactions of N-Ben Yajiaji chitosan with the phenyl aldehyde of 3 times of weight; (chitosan pyranoid ring equivalent: 3-chloro-hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride substituted reactant) and methyl chloride acryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride reacted at isopropanol medium reaction product than 1: 1.5 with molar equivalent again, in the HCl of 0.25mol/L ethanolic soln the N-Ben Yajiaji is removed, product obtains serial O-chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative through the acetone precipitating, after refining.
With the 10%-15% aqueous solution of this O-chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative, content (being the weight ratio of chitosan antimicrobial agent and the cellulosic fibre) 0.5-3% by chitosan antimicrobial agent in the prepared antibacterial fiber under agitation joins Mierocrystalline cellulose NMMO/H
2In the O aqueous solution, be mixed with the germ resistance chitosan/cellulose fiber spinning liquid of N-methyl beautiful jade-N-oxide compound/aqueous systems.
Also available 10%NaOH solution transfers to alkalescence with the 8%-10% aqueous solution of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative, the chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is separated out obtain 4%-10% suspension, in 100ml suspension, add the DMAc solution of 100ml, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, add the DMAc solution of 100ml again, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, with 200ml LiCl/DMAc the water in the suspension is replaced at last, make the O-chitosan derivatives LiCl/DMAc suspension of 4%-10%.This suspension is carried out pulverization process with ultrasonic wave, the median size of suspended particle is dropped to about 2 microns, content (being the weight ratio of chitosan antimicrobial agent and regenerated cellulose) 0.5-3% by chitosan antimicrobial agent in the prepared antibacterial fiber, under agitation join in the cellulosic LiCl/DMAc solution, be mixed with the germ resistance chitosan/cellulose fiber spinning liquid of lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide system.
Pass through with streptococcus aureus, intestinal bacteria, bacterial classifications such as Candida albicans are the germ resistance test of experimental strain, the antibiotic fiber cellulose fiber of the present invention's preparation shows very strong germ resistance.The addition of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative in fiber is 0.5~3.0% of fibre weight among the present invention.
The chitosan antimicrobial agent modified cellulose fibre of the present invention's preparation is a natural matter---the matrix material of Mierocrystalline cellulose and chitosan or derivatives thereof, cellulosic fibre is through human life-time service, its security and comfortableness are well-known, and chitosan and derivative thereof, especially chitosan, its pungency, acute malicious domestic animal, subacute toxicity, chronic toxicity and supersensitivity prove qualified by experiment, thereby this antibacterial fiber can be used suitable fiber as the most comfortable in the ecology safely.This matrix material can biological degradation in physical environment, and discarded back is free from environmental pollution, is a kind of green product.Fiber of the present invention is compared with now market-oriented antibiotic odourproof fiber, has advantages such as antibacterial effect is obvious and lasting, moisture retention is good.Fiber of the present invention can be used as underskirt and coat, long and short underwear especially for baby; Can also be used for medical treatment and sanitation system fabric, or soldier, field man's clothing etc.
The radiation degradation of embodiment embodiment one, O-2 '-HACC/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber 1. chitosans: the chitosan of molecular weight 1,080,000, degree of deacetylation 85% is by Co
60Source of radiation through the irradiation of 60kGy radiation dose, obtains the chitosan oligopolymer A of molecular weight 10~200,000, degree of deacetylation 86%.2.O-2 the preparation of '-HACC:
1. N-Ben Yajiaji chitosan is synthetic: take by weighing the A300 gram, be dissolved in 12 liter 10% the acetum, drip phenyl aldehyde 1580 grams, 50 ℃ of reactions 20 hours down.With alkali lye the pH value is adjusted to neutrality, filters.Filter cake methanol wash 2~3 times 60 ℃ of oven dry down, get light yellow solid B.
2. the preparation of O-quaternary ammonium salt-N-Ben Yajiaji chitosan: B280 gram reacted 10 hours down at 60 ℃ with 5 liters of Virahols and 900 gram 3-chloro-hydroxypropyl ammonium chlorides.Filter, filter cake methanol wash 2~3 times 60 ℃ of oven dry down, get Off-white solid C.
3. the preparation of O-2 '-HACC: add 300 gram C in the hydrochloric acid-ethanolic soln of 5 liters of 2.5mol/ liters, after fully stirring, remove ethanol, add 2.5 premium on currency again, fully dissolving is separated out product with acetone at last, throw out washing with acetone, filtration, 80 ℃ of following vacuum-dryings, obtain white O-chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative.3.O-2 '-HACC solution preparation Mierocrystalline cellulose NMMO/H
2The O spinning solution, preparation chitosan/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber.
10% aqueous solution of 3 kilograms of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivatives that make by embodiment 1 described method is under agitation joined 100 kilograms of Mierocrystalline cellulose NMMO/H
2In the O solution, be mixed with spinning solution, spinning obtains containing the antibiotic fiber cellulose fiber of O-chitosan derivatives 1.2~1.8% in the water precipitation bath.4.O-2 '-HACC LiCl/DMAc suspension preparation Mierocrystalline cellulose LiCl/DMAc spinning solution, preparation chitosan/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber.
With 10%NaOH solution 10% aqueous solution of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is transferred to alkalescence, the chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is separated out obtain 6% suspension, in 1 kilogram of suspension, add 1 kilogram DMAc solution, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, add 1 kilogram DMAc solution again, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, with 2 kilograms of LiCl/DMAc the water in the suspension is replaced at last, make 6%O-chitosan derivatives LiCl/DMAc suspension.3 kilograms of these suspension are carried out pulverization process with ultrasonic wave, the median size of suspended particle is dropped to about 2 microns, under agitation join in 100 kilograms of cellulosic LiCl/DMAc solution, be mixed with spinning solution, spinning obtains the antibiotic fiber cellulose fiber of chitosan-containing or chitosan derivatives 1.5~3.0% in the water precipitation bath.The radiation degradation of embodiment two, O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber 1. chitosans: do the preparation of 2.O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan by embodiment one, 1:
1. N-Ben Yajiaji chitosan is synthetic: by embodiment one, 2. 1. do
2. the preparation of O-quaternary ammonium salt-N-Ben Yajiaji chitosan: B280 gram reacted 10 hours down at 60 ℃ with 5 liters of Virahols and 1300 gram methyl chloride acryloxy trimethyl ammonium chlorides.Filter, filter cake methanol wash 2~3 times 60 ℃ of oven dry down, get white solid C.
3. the preparation of O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan: add 300 gram C in the hydrochloric acid-ethanolic soln of 5 liters of 2.5mol/ liters, after fully stirring, remove ethanol, add 2.5 premium on currency again, fully dissolving is separated out product with acetone at last, throw out washing with acetone, filtration, 80 ℃ of following vacuum-dryings, obtain white O-chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative.3.O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan solution preparation Mierocrystalline cellulose NMMO/H
2The O spinning solution, preparation chitosan/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber.
10% aqueous solution of 3 kilograms of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivatives that make by embodiment 1 described method is under agitation joined 100 kilograms of Mierocrystalline cellulose NMMO/H
2In the O solution, be mixed with spinning solution, spinning obtains containing the antibiotic fiber cellulose fiber of O-chitosan derivatives 1.2~1.8% in the water precipitation bath.4.O-methacryloxy trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan LiCl/DMAc suspension preparation Mierocrystalline cellulose LiCl/DMAc spinning solution, preparation chitosan/Mierocrystalline cellulose antibacterial fiber.
With 10%NaOH solution 10% aqueous solution of chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is transferred to alkalescence, the chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative is separated out obtain 6% suspension, in 1 kilogram of suspension, add 1 kilogram DMAc solution, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, add 1 kilogram DMAc solution again, stir, staticly settle, remove supernatant liquid, with 2 kilograms of LiCl/DMAc the water in the suspension is replaced at last, make 6%O-chitosan derivatives LiCl/DMAc suspension.3 kilograms of these suspension are carried out pulverization process with ultrasonic wave, the median size of suspended particle is dropped to about 2 microns, under agitation join in 100 kilograms of cellulosic LiCl/DMAc solution, be mixed with spinning solution, spinning obtains the antibiotic fiber cellulose fiber of chitosan-containing or chitosan derivatives 1.5~3.0% in the water precipitation bath.