CN1428483A - 挖土机齿的连接装置 - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
- E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
- E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
- E02F9/2825—Mountings therefor using adapters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
- E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
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Abstract
该装置的特点在于在一区域里的该齿的连接凸出部,该区域邻接于该齿的底部并包括诸侧面,这些侧面从所述底部朝该构件(piece)的轴线并从下边缘朝里倾斜,该区域还有一从顶部向底部倾斜的上表面和一下方平面,该区域接续于一第二区域,该第二区域呈现为另外的诸平面,这些平面从该凸出部的诸下方边缘延伸并显示出朝里倾斜;该连接凸出部的末端是一姿势部分(posturesection),该部分的诸侧面从一平行于该构件轴线的上平面延伸并朝里倾斜,并且连接于一唯一的下方平面,该下方平面也是平面并平行于该构件轴线,并终止在垂直于该构件轴线的该凸出部的平面极部。
Description
本发明申请为于2000年12月4日提交的、申请号为99807007.6、题为“挖土机齿的连接装置”的发明申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及一种可应用于挖土机的挖斗的挖土机齿的连接装置,总的涉及一些类似型式的堆土机的有效工作刃。
用于移动如土、石头等材料的民用工程的诸机器一般在被称为挖土机的挖斗上具有诸有效刃,这些挖斗是固定于该机器的支撑和行进齿轮的具有特定形状的敞开的容器,并借助于它们的前刃具有取走大量泥土或土和或多或少的松散的石头的功能,将被松动的材料收集在该挖斗里,并将它们转送给一车辆,以运到另一个场地,或者例如在开挖一沟的情况下简单地将已被取出的大量泥土和石头堆积起来,以便随后将它们运走。
诸挖土机的挖斗等在有效刃上遭到许多问题,这是因为接触土壤和石头后受到的高度磨损这样就具有非常磨蚀的特性。为此,必须给挖土机或类似的机器的有效刃配备可拆卸的齿,这些齿是可被卸下的零件,这些零件由于直接接触于大量泥土和石头而承受了较大部分的磨损,因此,它们很快被磨损掉。所述的齿是能被相当频繁地更换的零件,由于在挖土机等上要频繁地更换它们,它们必须结合了在一定程度上是矛盾的一些特性,它们的价格应当是较低的,如此,必须排除齿的机加工,应当用铸造或锻造高强度钢简单地制造。其他矛盾的特性在于需要将齿安装在位于挖土机之类的挖斗的有效刃上的齿托架(tooth carrier)之上,这些齿要作足够的调节,以尽可能地避免在该齿托架的正面区与该齿之间有任何间隙,这是因为在最终诸零件破裂并涉及调换被磨损的零件的一个过程中,否则必然产生在该所述区域的间隙将导致在该齿与该齿托架之间的几个特定的接触点的应力增大,这样又增多了局部磨损,也就是说,按照上述的怎样的磨损现象能将该齿或多或少地控制到一或较多或较少的程度。
现在,已知有许多种在挖土机齿与齿托架之间的联接器,尽管所有这些联接器出现了要满足的一些矛盾的条件和所述诸零件经受的困难工作,它们在有关能加以考虑的、在齿的寿命和避免在齿托架上的过度磨损,以使托架具有一能被接受的延长的寿命方面的一种理想的解决办法上,是有缺陷的。
美国专利5561925提到一齿组合件和锁紧机构,在该机构里,与齿的座配合的一突出部分具有由一平的端表面互连的诸平行表面。
美国专利4625439提到一种挖掘齿锁紧装置,该装置包括一突出部分,该齿借助于一楔形装置固定于该突出部分,在该楔形装置中磨损件直接座落在托架上。
但是,没有一个所述专利揭示过表征本发明的双倒置的燕尾结构。
为了获得对挖掘机齿的联接器的特性的一种改进,实现快速而可靠的组装以及在齿与齿托架间的经久的连接,本发明申请的发明人进行了调查和测试,获得了一种在使用上具有改进的性能的挖掘机齿的联接器。
作为本发明的主题的挖土机齿等的联接器是这样的联接器,它在该齿托架的正面上具有一相对于该齿托架的纵轴线基本上沿轴向延伸的凸出部,其中,该齿连接区域的横截面从开始区域朝自由端缩小,其特点在于齿托架与齿之间的接触区的组合和固定扁销(retaining cotter pin)的定位,使在该齿与该齿托架之间达到紧密的连接,依靠这两个被连接的构件之间的许多接触区导致可靠的紧固,以便减少局部磨损,并且,利用呈现为带角度的接触区的结构,使在齿上产生的应力将导致产生该齿与该齿托架间的较大的楔入和匹配作用。为了获得这样的结果,连接齿与齿托架的区域具有一结构,该结构基本上由两个相反的燕尾形轮廓的接合组成,也就是说,在第一端部区域的该燕尾部分相对于在第二端部区域的那个燕尾部分是倒置的,这两个燕尾部分分别对应于齿托架的开始区域和自由端或被称之为“突鼻部”的部位。这由一略微外凸的结构在该齿托架的该凸出部的底部或起始部分与齿托架的具有均匀截面的端部或凸出部之间的接合部的所有上部区域之上方与之互补。齿托架的突鼻部的上方弯曲部分与其底部的接合部区域具有一窄而扁平的横向区域。齿托架的突鼻部的诸侧面呈现为小平面状,其中之一对应于等截面的前方凸出部,另一个对应于诸侧表面,它们可是扁平的或朝外突出的略微的弯曲形。
采用这样的结构,获得的结果是:齿托架的突鼻部具有较高的机械强度,以及,尤其是在其正常的操作时不会产生要挤出齿的应力,而这恰恰构成现在已知的诸齿托架的一个经常发生的问题。特别是,该齿托架的突鼻部的上表面呈现为朝外突出的略微弯曲形的结构,除了能使齿与齿托架之间的连接非常有效之外,还能增大该齿托架的突鼻部的横截面,所以,后者具有一较大的机械强度。
本发明的该装置的的另外的特点在于:用于将该齿固定于该齿托架用的一新的扁销,它以其容易导入和对于被拆卸时的高阻力与众不同,它基本上包括一为扁平且大致为平行六面体结构的扁销本体,在其诸中间尺寸表面中一个之上该本体具有一宽的半槽(rebate),借助于一特别橡胶的硫化与该半槽接合的是一插入件,该插入件携有一具有诸被倒圆了的横边的小的侧向凸出部,在该侧向凸出部被导入后将被导入一具有与齿托架互补的形状的插座(seating)里。
为了较好理解本发明,随附了本发明一最佳实施例的诸附图,这些附图是用来举例但并不对本发明限制的实例。
图1和2分别是按照本发明制造的一齿托架的正视图和俯视图;
图3至11是通过图1中的诸截面的剖面图;
图12和13分别是通过所指出的横截面的剖面图;
图14是齿与齿托架的组合件的俯视图;
图15是如图里标明的、沿着该齿-齿托架组合件的一垂直平面的纵向剖面图;
图16是组装起来的该齿-齿托架组合件的立体图。
如诸图所示,作为本发明主题的挖土机齿联接器具有一要与挖土机挖斗的刃连接的叉状部分1和一从该叉状部分1的开始部分3突出并要接收在图12、14、15和16中用标号“4”表示出的该挖土机齿的齿托架部分2。
挖土机与挖斗连接用的部分1呈现具一上臂5和一下臂6的叉状件,这两个臂被一凹部分开,该凹部由扁平部分7和8限定的,这两扁平部分用于接收挖土机挖斗的刃,它们的水平截面从该联接器的开始部分3向自由端9缩小,上臂5还具有扁平的侧向表面10和11。
与挖土机齿连接的齿托架的突鼻部分2具有一个诸顺序部分的结合,如图3至11所示,该结合基本上由一个基本上由两倒置的燕尾部分组成的结构限定的,也就是说,在第一端部区域的该燕尾部分相对于在第二端部区域的那个燕尾部分倒置,它们分别对应于齿的开始区域12和齿托架的突出部分14的端部13,它们对应地与齿4的空腔互补。如所提供的诸横截面图所示,所述突出部分14在其全长度范围内具有一恒等的截面。为此,齿托架2的突鼻部的诸侧面具有一个基本上由两个稍有差别的小平面形成的结构,使诸侧面之一相应对应于齿托架的突鼻部的本体的表面15和等截面14的末端的表面16。另一个侧面17具有类似的特点,在一基本上垂直设置里具有一较宽的凹部18,该凹部要用来接收扁销19,图15详细表示出了这一点。
齿托架的突鼻部的上表面20总的为朝外凸起的弯曲形,借助于与由图1中和在图13中用标号“21”指明的齿托架的本体1相接合的区域里的一小的扁平区,突出部分14的内端结合于所述的本体1。
侧面15和17可为扁平的或朝外突出的弯曲形。
具有所指明的形状的该齿托架的突鼻部的结构使它可获得一高得多的强度,与此同时,避免了通常发生在现在已知的挖土机齿的安装方面的齿的挤出的反作用。
正如将可从图12和15看到的,扁销19具有一扁平笔直、大致为平行六面体的结构,在其较小的侧面中的一侧面上具有一宽的凹部22,在该凹部里借助于一硫化涂层产生了一笔直的插入件24的结合,该插入件24携有一具有诸倒圆边缘的侧向凸出部25,该凸出部25啮合于具有与齿托架的突鼻部互补的形状的一凹部。
所以,该扁销的这种结构使它能容易地被轴向压缩力导入,并能充分地使它被保持在齿托架的突鼻部里。硫化橡胶的结合件的存在也便于从中撤出。
借助于已说明过的结构,作为本发明的主题的挖土机齿的连接装置使它能在所有的连接区里以最小的间隙安装该齿,并且,为了降低局部磨损,允许许多区域接触,并减小相对于该齿托架沿着该齿的挤出方向的诸分力。
很明显,这一发明将覆盖该齿托架以及与其相适应的齿,该齿的形式与配合管托架(mating tubeholder)的形式配对,并具有接受连接装置的空腔。
该扁销的特点也是很有利的,它使该扁销的组装和拆卸容易,并有较高的保持力。
Claims (21)
1.一种齿托架,该齿托架连接于一搬移如泥土和石块材料用的机器的铲斗,用于携带一齿(4),该齿托架具有一凸鼻部(2),该凸鼻部的横截面朝着其自由端(13)至少部分地减小,所述凸鼻部将至少部分地位于所述齿的一空腔里,
其特征在于,该凸鼻部的两个端部区(12,14)的每一个基本上具有平行四边形横截面,将该凸鼻部与该齿托架本体相连接的所述两端部区的第一个端部区(12)在其底部为平行四边形的两对平行的侧边中的长边,形成为该凸鼻部的自由端(13)的第二个端部区(14)在其顶部为平行四边形的两对平行的侧边中的长边。
2.按照权利要求1的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区(12)里的平行四边形中的平行边之间的距离比在第二个端部区(14)里的平行四边形中的平行边之间的距离长。
3.按照权利要求1或2的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区(12)里的平行四边形的上方边,沿垂直方向,位于在第二个端部区(14)里的平行四边形的上方边的上方一定距离处。
4.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区(12)里的平行四边形的下方边与在第二个端部区(14)里的平行四边形的下方边基本上位于同一水平高度。
5.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,在该凸鼻部(2)的第二个端部区(14)里彼此间隔一距离的两个横截面的平行四边形的形状及其尺寸相同。
6.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,该凸鼻部(2)的一上方表面(20)呈外凸形,该上方表面连接于在第一和第二个端部区里的诸所述平行四边形的诸上方边。
7.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,该凸鼻部(2)的一下方表面(20)基本上是平面,该下方表面连接于在第一和第二个端部区里的诸所述平行四边形的诸下方边。
8.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,该凸鼻部(2)的诸侧边中的每一侧边具有一基本上平的表面(15,16),该平表面平行于一相对于该齿托架的纵轴线(X-X)倾斜的平面,从该齿托架的上方看诸所述平表面(15,16)是外露的。
9.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,该凸鼻部(2)的诸侧边中的至少一个具有一凹部(18),用于收置一定位销(19),以便将该齿保持在该齿托架上的一所需的位置上。
10.按照权利要求9的齿托架,其特征在于,用于该定位销的该凹部(18)沿着一基本上垂直的方向延伸。
11.按照权利要求9或10的齿托架,其特征在于,所述凹部(18)在离定位销(19)一距离处设有一加宽的区域,其中,该加宽区适于收置所述定位销(19)的一锁定件(24,25),该锁定件(24,25)是沿着垂直于所述定位销(19)的方向凸出地设置的。
12.按照上述诸权利要求中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,该齿托架具有一围绕着该凸鼻部(2)的垂直的平表面(3),该平表面(3)从齿托架本体限制了该凸鼻部(2)。
13.一齿(4),该齿连接于一搬移如泥土和石块材料用的机器的一齿托架,该齿具有一空腔,以用来设置该齿托架的凸鼻部的至少一部分,其中,所述空腔具有一横截面从口部朝其内端至少部分缩小的区域,
其特征在于,该空腔的两个端部区中的每一个具有一平行四边形横截面,所述两端部区中形成该空腔的口部的那第一个端部区在其底部为平行四边形的两对平行的侧边中的长边,在该空腔的内端的邻近的第二个端部区在其顶部为平行四边形的两对平行的侧边中的长边。
14.按照权利要求13的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区里的平行四边形中的平行边之间的距离比在第二个端部区里的平行四边形中的平行边之间的距离长。
15.按照权利要求13或14的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区里的平行四边形的上方边,沿垂直方向,位于在第二个端部区里的平行四边形的上方边的上方一定距离处。
16.按照权利要求13-15中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,在第一个端部区里的平行四边形的下方边与在第二个端部区里的平行四边形的下方边基本上位于同一水平高度。
17.按照权利要求13-16中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,在该空腔的第二个端部区里,横截面的平行四边形的形状及其尺寸,在彼此间隔一距离的两个平面里是相同的。
18.按照权利要求13-17中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,限定了该空腔的一上方表面呈一内凹形,该上方表面连接于诸所述平行四边形的诸上方边。
19.按照权利要求13-18中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,限定该空腔的一下方表面基本上是平面,该下方表面连接于在第一和第二个端部区里的诸所述平行四边形的诸下方边。
20.按照权利要求13-19中任一项的齿托架,其特征在于,限定该空腔的诸侧边中的每一侧边具有一基本上平的表面,该平表面平行于一相对于该空腔的纵轴线倾斜的平面,诸所述平表面位于该齿空腔的一上方区域里。
21.一种齿系统,该系统用于一搬移如泥土和石块材料用的机器的一铲斗,该齿系统包括一按照权利要求1-12并连接于所述铲斗的齿托架和一按照权利要求13-20并连接于所述齿托架的相应的齿。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ESP9801257 | 1998-06-08 | ||
ES009801257A ES2146541B1 (es) | 1998-06-08 | 1998-06-08 | Dispositivo para el acoplamiento de dientes de excavadoras. |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN99807007A Division CN1103842C (zh) | 1998-06-08 | 1999-06-03 | 挖土机齿的连接装置 |
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CN1428483A true CN1428483A (zh) | 2003-07-09 |
CN1193143C CN1193143C (zh) | 2005-03-16 |
Family
ID=8304159
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN99807007A Expired - Lifetime CN1103842C (zh) | 1998-06-08 | 1999-06-03 | 挖土机齿的连接装置 |
CNB021302405A Expired - Lifetime CN1193143C (zh) | 1998-06-08 | 2002-08-13 | 挖土机齿、齿托架及齿系统 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN99807007A Expired - Lifetime CN1103842C (zh) | 1998-06-08 | 1999-06-03 | 挖土机齿的连接装置 |
Country Status (24)
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US (3) | US6745503B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1103664B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3573339B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR100590778B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1103842C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR019636A1 (zh) |
AT (2) | ATE262090T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU761393B2 (zh) |
BG (1) | BG105119A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9910903B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2333387C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO4880818A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ20004405A3 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE69932189T2 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE200000735A (zh) |
ES (3) | ES2146541B1 (zh) |
HU (2) | HUP0202558A3 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY124244A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20000411A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL196862B1 (zh) |
PT (2) | PT1314826E (zh) |
SK (1) | SK18372000A3 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200003633T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999064686A1 (zh) |
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- 1999-06-03 PE PE1999000474A patent/PE20000411A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-06-03 EE EEP200000735A patent/EE200000735A/xx unknown
- 1999-06-03 ES ES99922196T patent/ES2219017T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 CA CA002333387A patent/CA2333387C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 AT AT99922196T patent/ATE262090T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-03 DE DE69932189T patent/DE69932189T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 PT PT03001374T patent/PT1314826E/pt unknown
- 1999-06-03 TR TR2000/03633T patent/TR200003633T2/xx unknown
- 1999-06-03 HU HU0102115A patent/HUP0102115A3/hu unknown
- 1999-06-03 EP EP99922196A patent/EP1103664B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 PT PT99922196T patent/PT1103664E/pt unknown
- 1999-06-03 BR BRPI9910903-4A patent/BR9910903B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-03 JP JP2000553670A patent/JP3573339B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1999-06-03 PL PL344864A patent/PL196862B1/pl unknown
- 1999-06-03 WO PCT/ES1999/000160 patent/WO1999064686A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-06-03 EP EP03001374A patent/EP1314826B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 KR KR1020037010544A patent/KR100590780B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-03 ES ES03001374T patent/ES2268172T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-03 AU AU39333/99A patent/AU761393B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-06-08 MY MYPI99002316A patent/MY124244A/en unknown
- 1999-06-08 CO CO99035779A patent/CO4880818A1/es unknown
- 1999-06-08 AR ARP990102717A patent/AR019636A1/es active IP Right Grant
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2001
- 2001-01-05 BG BG105119A patent/BG105119A/xx unknown
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2002
- 2002-08-13 CN CNB021302405A patent/CN1193143C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-16 US US10/245,783 patent/US6836983B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2004
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