CN1413082A - 农药/缩酚肽 - Google Patents
农药/缩酚肽 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1413082A CN1413082A CN00817690A CN00817690A CN1413082A CN 1413082 A CN1413082 A CN 1413082A CN 00817690 A CN00817690 A CN 00817690A CN 00817690 A CN00817690 A CN 00817690A CN 1413082 A CN1413082 A CN 1413082A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/84—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,4
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的24-元环状缩酚肽的应用,其中R1和R2如说明书中所述定义,即在兽医、卫生、农业、林业和材料保护领域防治害虫的应用,以及还涉及包含所述缩酚肽和新的式(I)缩酚肽的农药。
Description
本发明涉及某些24-元环状缩酚肽(Cyclodepsipeptiden)在兽医、卫生、农业、林业和材料保护领域控制害虫的应用,以及包含这些缩酚肽的农药。
环状缩酚肽,以及它们的制备和作为杀寄生物药剂用于防治动物体内蠕虫、线虫和吸虫的用途(杀内寄生虫药剂)已在大量出版物中公开。
例如公开了的名称为PF1022的环状缩酚肽及其杀内寄生虫活性(EP-A 382 173和EP-A 503 538)。还公开了另一些环状缩酚肽(环八缩酚肽:WO 98/55 469;WO 98/43 965;WO 93/19 053;EP-A 634 408;WO 94/19 334;WO 95/07 272;EP-A 626 375;EP-A 626 376;EP-A 664297;EP 634 408;EP-A 718 298;WO 97/09 331;环六缩酚肽:WO 93/25543;WO 95/27 498;EP-A 658 551;环四缩酚肽:EP-A 664 297;二氧代吗啉:WO 96/38 165;JP 08 225 552)和开链型缩酚肽(EP-A 657171;EP-A 657 172;EP-A 657 173;WO 97/07 093)以及它们的杀内寄生虫活性。
而且,已经公开了某些24-元环状缩酚肽,例如Bassianolid和PF1022A,对蚕具有杀虫活性(参见M.Kanaoka等,Agric.Biol.Chem.43(5),1979,1079-83页;JP 05 271 013)。
然而,这些现有化合物的杀虫活性,特别是在低施用量和浓度条件下的杀虫活性,不是在所有应用领域都能完全令人满意。
本发明涉及防治害虫组合物,其特征在于该组合物包含至少一种式(I)化合物
其中
R1和R2各自代表烷基、链烯基、ω-烷氧基烷基、ω-卤代烷基,可任意选择取代的芳烷基或
R1和R2与它们所连接的氮原子一起还代表可任意选择取代的一-至三元环的,可任意选择桥接的,饱和或不饱和杂环,该杂环可含有一至三个选自氮,氧和硫的其它杂原子,其中上述基团原则上各自通过饱和碳原子与氮原子相连,除了吗啉基(R1和R2=-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-)以外。
根据取代基性质,通式(I)化合物可以以不同组成的几何异构体和/或旋光异构体混合物的形式存在。本发明不仅包括纯异构体还涉及异构体混合物。
式(I)提供了本发明应用的24-元环状缩酚肽的一般定义。
R1和R2各自
优选代表C1-6-烷基、C2-6-链烯基、ω-C1-4-烷氧基-C1-6-烷基、ω-氟-C1-6-烷基、ω-氯-C1-6-烷基、ω-溴-C1-6-烷基、可任意选择地被氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基一至三取代的苯基-C1-6-烷基。
R1和R2还
优选与它们所连接的氮原子一起代表,一-或二元环的,可任意选择桥接的,饱和或不饱和杂环,该杂环可含有一或二个选自氮,氧和硫的其它杂原子以及该杂环可任意选择地被C1-4-烷基,可任意选择取代的苯基或苯氧基甲基或被C1-4-烷基羰基取代,其中上述基团原则上各自通过饱和碳原子与氮原子相连,除了吗啉基(R1和R2=-CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-)以外。
R1和R2各自
特别优选代表C1-4-烷基、烯丙基、2-丁烯基、ω-C1-2-烷氧基-C1-4-烷基、ω-氯-C1-4-烷基、ω-溴-C1-4-烷基或可任意选择地被氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基一至三取代的苄基。
R1和R2还
特别优选与它们所连接的氮原子一起代表,被C1-4-烷基、苯氧基甲基、苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、氟苯基或氯苯基一或二取代的吗啉基,通过-CH2-,-(CH2)2-或-(CH2)3-,2,6-或3,5-桥接的吗啉基,代表可任意选择地被C1-4-烷基、苯氧基甲基、苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、氟苯基或氯苯基一或二取代的1-吡咯烷基、1-哌啶基、1-哌嗪基、六氢-1-吡嗪基、4-四氢-1,4-噻嗪-1-基、六氢-1,5-氧杂氮杂辛环-5-基(oxazocin-5-yl),其中氮原子可任意选择地被C1-4-烷基羰基取代。
R1和R2各自
更特别优选代表甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、烯丙基、2-丁烯基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、3-甲氧基-1-丙基、4-甲氧基-1-丁基、2-氯乙基、3-氯-1-丙基、4-氯-1-丁基、2-溴乙基、3-溴-1-丙基、4-溴-1-丁基或苄基。
R1和R2还
更特别优选与它们所连接的氮原子一起代表,1-吡咯烷基、1-哌啶基、3,5-二甲基吗啉基、2-苯氧基甲基吗啉基、3-苯基吗啉基、3-氮杂-8-氧杂-双环[3.2.1]辛-3-基、4-乙酰基-1-哌嗪基、4-四氢-1,4-噻嗪-1-基或六氢-1,5-氧杂氮杂辛环-5-基。
上述一般或优选基团定义或实例,可互相组合,即也包括各自所给范围与优选范围之间的组合。它们既适用于终产物,也相应地适用于母体和中间体。
本发明
优选具有上述优选定义组合的那些式(I)化合物。
本发明
特别优选具有上述特别优选定义组合的那些式(I)化合物。
本发明
更特别优选具有上述更特别优选定义组合的那些式(I)化合物。
饱和或不饱和的烃基,如烷基或链烯基,如可能各自可为直链或支链,包括与杂原子的连接,如烷氧基。
可任意选择地被取代的基团可被一或多取代,其中在多取代的情况下取代基可以相同或不同。
本发明使用的一些活性化合物是已知的。它们的制备方法公开在上述文献中。
新的式(I)化合物也构成本申请的部分主题。
R1-1-X(III-a)其中
R1-1具有在式(I)中的R1和R2的所述定义以及
如式(I)定义中所示,当基团R1和R2键合时,与式(III-b)化合物反应
X-A-X(III-b)
其中
A代表可任意选择取代的α,ω-亚烷基,该基团还可通过单或二环桥接以及,除了与基团X连接的为饱和碳原子的原子以外,可含有一至三个选自氮,氧和硫的其它杂原子,以及
X在式(III-a)和(III-b)中代表离去基团,如氯、溴、碘、甲基磺酰氧基、三氟甲基磺酰氧基或甲苯磺酰氧基,
在存在酸结合剂,以及如适合稀释剂和如适合反应辅助剂的条件下进行反应。
此处,A优选和特别优选代表类似于式(I)定义中的R1和R2定义的那些基团。
制备方法中所需的式(II)的双胺是已知的,特别公开在EP-A 872481中并可根据其中所述方法制备。
式(III-a)和(III-b)提供了所需的其它化合物的一般定义。在这些结构式中,R1和A优选类似于本发明使用的式(I)化合物定义中基团R1和R2的优选定义。
式(III-a)和(III-b)化合物是市场上可以买到的,为已知化合物或可通过有机化学的常规已知方法制备(还可参见Jerry March,AdvancedOrganic Chemistry,Wiley Interscience等)。
适用于本发明方法的酸性接受体是常规无机或有机碱。这些碱中优选使用碱土金属或碱金属的乙酸盐、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐,如乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸钙或乙酸铵、碳酸钠、碳酸钾或碳酸铵、碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾,以及叔胺,如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二甲基苄胺、吡啶、N-甲基哌啶、N-甲基吗啉、N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶、二氮杂二环辛烷(DABCO)、二氮杂二环壬烯(DBN)或二氮杂二环十一碳烯(DBU)。优选使用碳酸钠、碳酸钾或碳酸铯、碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺或N-甲基吗啉。
本发明方法优选存在稀释剂的条件下进行。适合的稀释剂是水,有机溶剂以及它们的任意混合物。可提及的实例是:脂族、脂环族或芳族烃,如石油醚、己烷、庚烷、环己烷、甲基环己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯或萘烷;卤代烃,如氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、二氯乙烷、三氯乙烷或四氯乙烯;醚类,如乙醚、二异丙基醚、甲基叔丁基醚、甲基叔戊基醚、二噁烷、四氢呋喃、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷、二乙二醇二甲醚或茴香醚;酮类,如丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮或环己酮;腈,如乙腈、丙腈、正或异丁腈或苄腈;酰胺,如甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基甲酰苯胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮或六甲基磷酰三胺;N-氧化物,如N-甲基吗啉N-氧化物;酯,如乙酸甲酯,乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯;亚砜,如二甲基亚砜;砜,如环丁砜;醇,如甲醇、乙醇、正或异丙醇、正-,异-,仲-或叔丁醇、乙二醇、丙-1,2-二醇、乙氧基乙醇、甲氧基乙醇、二乙二醇一甲醚、二乙二醇一乙醚;水。优选丙腈、乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、二氯甲烷。
适合的反应辅助剂是碱金属卤化物或季铵卤化物,如碘化锂,碘化钠或碘化四丁铵。
制备方法中,反应温度可在较宽的范围内变化。一般,该方法在20℃至150℃,优选50℃至130℃,特别优选80℃至120℃下进行。
制备方法中,每摩尔式(I)化合物使用4-20摩尔,优选5-10摩尔单官能的式(III-a)化合物或一半量的双官能的式(III-b)化合物。酸结合剂的用量的上限没有严格限定。优选用量相当于式(III)化合物的量。后者也适用于可任意选择使用的反应助剂的量。
反应可以在大气压或升高压力的条件下进行。优选在大气压下进行。反应过程以及反应产物的处理和分离通过常规已知方法进行。优选将终产物通过结晶、色谱分离纯化或如适合,减压条件下,通过除去挥发性组分纯化(还可参见制备实施例)。
本发明活性化合物适合防治害虫,特别是在农业、林业、储藏产品和材料的保护,以及卫生领域中发生的昆虫,螨类和线虫,同时具有很好的植物耐受性以及令人满意的恒温动物毒性。它们可优选用于作物保护剂或作为有益动物和玩赏动物的兽医用药剂以及用于牲畜厩舍卫生和家庭卫生领域。它们对正常敏感和抗性种类以及对所有或一些发育阶段都具有活性。上述害虫包括:
等足目:例如,潮虫(Oniscus asellus)、平甲虫和鼠妇。
倍足目:例如,具斑马陆。
唇足目:例如,食果地蜈蚣和蚰蜒属。
综合目:例如,庭园么蚰。
缨尾目:例如,台湾衣鱼。
弹尾目:例如,武装棘跳虫。
直翅目:例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、马得拉蜚蠊、德国小蠊、家蟋蟀、蝼蛄属、非洲飞蝗、长额负蝗和沙漠蝗。
革翅目:例如,欧洲球螋。
等翅目:例如,散白蚁属。
虱目:例如,体虱、血虱属和颚虱属。
食毛目:例如,嚼虱属和畜虱属。
缨翅目:例如,温室条蓟马和烟蓟马。
异翅亚目:例如,扁盾蝽属、棉红蝽(Dysdercus intermedius)、方背皮蝽、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽和椎猎蝽属。
同翅目:例如,甘蓝粉虱、甘薯粉虱、温室白粉虱、棉蚜、甘蓝蚜、茶 隐瘤蚜、豆卫矛蚜、苹果蚜、苹果绵蚜、桃大尾蚜、葡萄根瘤蚜、瘿绵蚜属、麦长管蚜、瘤蚜属、忽布疣蚜、禾谷缢管蚜、绿小叶蝉属、殃叶蝉(Euscelis bilobatus)、黑尾叶蝉、欧果坚球蚧、榄珠蜡蚧、灰飞虱、褐飞虱、红肾圆盾蚧、常春藤圆盾蚧、粉蚧属和木虱属。
鳞翅目:例如,棉红铃虫、松粉蝶尺蛾、果园秋尺蛾、潜叶细蛾(Lithocolletis blancardella)、苹果巢蛾、小菜蛾、黄褐天幕毛虫、黄毒蛾、毒蛾属、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrix thurberiella)、柑橘潜叶蛾、地夜蛾属、切夜蛾属、脏切夜蛾、埃及钻夜蛾、实夜蛾属、甜菜夜蛾、甘蓝夜蛾、小眼夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、灰翅夜蛾属、粉纹夜蛾、苹果蠹蛾、粉蝶属、禾草螟属、玉米螟、地中海粉斑螟、蜡螟、幕谷蛾、袋谷蛾、褐织蛾、黄尾卷叶蛾、烟卷蛾(Capua reticulana)、云杉色卷蛾、葡萄果蠹蛾、茶长卷蛾和栎绿卷蛾。
鞘翅目:例如,家具窃蠹、谷蠹、豆象(Bruchidius obtectus)、菜豆象、北美家天牛、蓝毛臀萤叶甲、马铃薯叶甲、辣根猿叶甲、条叶甲属、油菜金头跳甲、墨西哥豆瓢虫、隐食甲属、锯谷盗、花象属、米象属、葡萄黑耳喙象、香蕉根颈象、种子象、紫苜蓿叶象、皮蠹属、斑皮蠹属、圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、粉蠹属、油菜花露尾甲、蛛甲属、黄蛛甲、麦蛛甲、拟谷盗属、黄粉甲、叩甲属、宽胸叩甲属、五月鳃金龟、马铃薯鳃金龟和褐新西兰肋翅鳃角金龟。
膜翅目:例如,松叶蜂属、实叶蜂属、毛蚁属、小家蚁和胡蜂属。
双翅目:例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、黄猩猩果蝇、家蝇属、厕蝇属、红头丽蝇、绿蝇属、金蝇属、疽蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、螫蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、虻属、螗蜩属(Tannia spp.)、花园毛蚊、瑞典麦杆蝇、草种蝇属、菠菜泉蝇、地中海实蝇、油橄榄果实蝇和沼泽大蚊。
蚤目:例如,印鼠客蚤和角叶蚤属。
蛛形纲:例如,蝎(Scorpio maurus)和红斑蛛。
蜱螨目:例如,粗脚粉螨、锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、鸡皮刺螨、兔瘿螨、柑橘皱叶刺瘿螨、牛蜱属、扇头蜱属、花蜱属、璃眼蜱属、硬蜱属、瘙螨属、瘁螨属、疥螨属、跗线螨属、苜蓿苔螨、全爪螨属和叶螨属。
植物寄生线虫包括,例如短体线虫属、相似穿孔线虫、起绒草茎线虫、半穿刺线虫、异皮属、根结属、滑刃线虫属、长针线虫属、剑线属和毛刺属。
本发明使用的式(I)活性化合物的特点是具有显著的杀鳞翅目,如草地粘虫和美洲烟夜蛾幼虫的活性。
本发明活性化合物可被转化成为常规的制剂,如液剂,乳剂,可湿性粉剂,悬浮剂,粉剂,细粉剂,糊剂,可溶粉剂,颗粒剂,浓悬浮乳剂,用活性化合物浸渍的天然和合成材料,以及聚合物包封的微胶囊。
这些制剂是以已知方法制备的,例如通过将活性化合物与填充剂,即液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合而生产,制剂中可任意选择地使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂,和/或发泡剂。
在使用水作为填充剂的情况下,例如,也可使用有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适当的液体溶剂主要有:芳香烃类,如二甲苯,甲苯或烷基萘,氯代芳烃类和氯代脂肪烃类,如氯苯,二氯乙烷或二氯甲烷,脂肪烃类,如环己烷或链烷烃,例如石油馏份,矿物油和植物油,醇类,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯类,酮类,如丙酮,甲基乙基酮,甲基异丁基酮或环己酮,强极性溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜,以及水。
适合的固体载体有:
例如,铵盐和天然矿物粉末,如高岭土,粘土,滑石,白垩,石英,硅镁土,蒙脱土或硅藻土,和合成矿物粉末,如高分散二氧化硅,氧化铝和硅酸盐;适合颗粒剂的固体载体有:例如,粉碎和分级的天然岩石,如方解石,大理石,浮石,海泡石和白云石,以及无机和有机粉末的合成颗粒,以及有机材料的颗粒,如锯末,坚果壳,玉米穗茎和烟草茎;适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂有:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯,聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚,例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚,烷基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,芳基磺酸盐以及蛋白水解产物;适合的分散剂有:例如木素亚硫酸废液和甲基纤维素。
在制剂中还可使用粘着剂,如羧甲基纤维素和粉末、颗粒或胶乳状天然或合成聚合物,如阿拉伯树胶,聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂,如脑磷脂和卵磷脂,和合成磷脂。其它的添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
可能使用的着色剂有如无机颜料,例如氧化铁,氧化钛和普鲁士兰,和有机染料,如茜素染料,偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,和痕量营养物,如铁、锰、硼、铜、钴、钼和锌的盐。
制剂中通常含有按重量计0.1-95%,优选0.5-90%的活性化合物。
本发明活性化合物可以其市售制剂和从上述制剂制备的应用形式,以及与其它活性化合物的混合物的形式存在,其它活性化合物如杀虫剂、引诱剂、消毒剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、植物生长调节剂或除草剂。例如,杀虫剂特别包括:磷酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、羧酸酯、卤代烃类、苯基脲类和从微生物中生产的物质。
特别有利的混合组分的实例为下述化合物:
杀真菌剂:
2-氨基丁烷;2-苯胺基-4-甲基-6-环丙基-嘧啶;2’,6’-二溴-2-甲基-4’-三氟甲氧基-4’-三氟-甲基-1,3-噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺;2,6-二氯-N-(4-三氟甲基苄基)-苯甲酰胺;(E)-2-甲氧基亚氨基-N-甲基-2-(2-苯氧基-苯基)-乙酰胺;8-羟基喹啉硫酸酯;(E)-2-{2-[6-(2-氰基-苯氧基)-嘧啶-4-基氧基]-苯基}-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯;(E)-甲氧亚氨基-[α-(邻甲苯氧基)-邻甲苯基]-乙酸甲酯;2-苯基苯酚(OPP),Aldimorph,氨丙膦酸,敌菌灵,氧环唑,
苯霜灵,麦锈灵,苯菌灵,乐杀螨,联苯,联苯三唑醇,灭瘟素,糠菌唑,乙嘧酚磺酸酯,丁硫啶,
石硫合剂,敌菌丹,克菌丹,多菌灵,萎锈灵,灭螨锰,地茂散,氯化苦,百菌清,乙菌利,硫杂灵,霜脲氰,环丙唑醇,酯菌胺,
双氯酚,苄氯三唑醇,Diclofiuanid,哒菌酮,氯硝胺,乙霉威,苯醚甲环唑,二甲嘧酚,烯酰吗啉,烯唑醇,敌螨普,二苯胺,吡菌硫,灭菌磷,二氰蒽醌,多果定,敌菌酮,
敌瘟磷,氧唑菌,乙嘧酚,土菌灵,
氯苯嘧啶醇,腈苯唑,呋菌胺,种衣酯,拌种咯,苯锈啶,丁苯吗啉,醋酸三苯锡,羟基三苯锡,福美铁,嘧菌腙,氟啶胺,氟噁菌,氟氯菌核利,氟喹唑,氟硅唑,磺菌胺,氟酰胺,粉唑醇,灭菌丹,三乙膦酸铝,四氯苯酞,麦穗宁,呋霜灵,拌种胺,
双胍盐,
六氯苯,己唑醇,恶霉灵,
抑霉唑,亚胺唑,双胍辛,异稻瘟净,异菌脲,稻瘟灵,
春雷霉素,含铜杀菌剂如:氢氧化铜,环烷酸铜,王铜,硫酸铜,氧化铜,喹啉铜和波尔多液,
代森锰铜,代森锰锌,代森锰,嘧菌胺,灭锈胺,甲霜灵,叶菌唑,磺菌威,呋菌胺,代森联,噻菌胺,腈菌唑,
福镁镍,异丙消,氟苯嘧啶醇,
呋酰胺,恶霜灵,Oxamocarb,氧化萎锈灵,
稻瘟酯,戊菌唑,戊菌隆,氯瘟磷,四氯苯酞,多马霉素,哌丙灵,福代锌,多抗霉素,烯丙苯噻唑,咪鲜胺,腐霉利,霜霉威,丙环唑,丙森锌,吡菌磷,啶斑肟,嘧霉胺,咯喹酮,
五氯硝基苯(PCNB),
硫和硫制剂,
戊唑醇,叶枯酞,四氯硝基苯,四氟醚唑,噻菌灵,噻菌腈,甲基硫菌灵,福美双,甲基立枯磷,甲苯氟磺胺,三唑酮,三唑醇,咪唑嗪,水杨菌胺,三环唑,十三吗啉,氟菌唑,嗪胺灵,灭菌唑,
有效霉素A,乙烯菌核利,
代森锌,福美锌。
杀细菌剂:
溴硝丙二醇、双氯酚、三氯甲基吡啶、福美镍、春雷霉素、辛噻酮、呋喃羧酸、土霉素、烯丙苯噻唑、链霉素、叶枯酞、硫酸铜和其它铜制剂。
杀虫剂/杀螨剂/杀线虫剂:
阿维菌素、乙酰甲胺磷、啶虫脒、氟丙菊酯、棉铃威、涕灭威、砜灭威、顺式氯氰菊酯、甲体氯氰菊酯、双甲脒、齐墩螨素、AZ 60541、艾扎丁、甲基吡恶磷、乙基谷硫磷、谷硫磷、三唑锡,
日本甲虫芽孢杆菌、球形芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、Baculoviruses、蚕白僵菌、纤细白僵菌、恶虫威、丙硫克百威、杀虫磺、苯螨特、高效氟氯氰菊酯、联苯肼酯、联苯菊酯、Bioethanomethrin、生物氯菊酯、仲丁威、溴硫磷A、合杀威、噻嗪酮、特嘧硫磷、丁酮威、Butylpyridaben
硫线磷、甲萘威、克百威、三硫磷、丁硫克百威、杀螟丹、Chloethocarb、氯氧磷、氟唑虫清、毒虫畏、氟啶脲、氯甲磷、毒死蜱、甲基毒死蜱、Chlovaporthrin、顺式苄呋菊酯、顺式氯菊酯、Clocythrin、除线威、四螨嗪、杀螟腈、Cycloprene、乙氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、三环锡、氯氰菊酯、灭蝇胺
溴氰菊酯、甲基内吸磷、内吸磷硫赶式异构体、甲基内吸磷硫赶式异构体、Diacloden、丁醚脲、二嗪磷、敌敌畏、除虫脲、乐果、甲基毒虫畏、苯虫醚、乙拌磷、碘酰丁二辛、苯氧炔螨
Efusilanate、Emamectin、右旋烯炔菊酯、硫丹、虫霉属、Epripomectin、S-氰戊聚酯、乙硫苯威、乙硫磷、灭线磷、醚菊酯、特苯恶唑、乙嘧硫磷
苯线磷、喹螨醚、苯丁锡、杀螟硫磷、苯硫威、Fenoxacrim、苯氧威、甲氰菊酯、Fenpyrad、Fenpyrithrin、唑螨酯、氰戊菊酯、氟虫腈、氟啶胺、啶蜱脲、溴氟菊酯、氟环脲、氟氰戊菊酯、氟虫脲、Flutenzine、氟胺氰菊酯、地虫硫磷、丁苯硫磷、噻唑磷、Fubfenprox、呋线威
颗粒体病毒
特丁苯酰肼、六六六、庚烯磷、氟铃脲、噻螨酮、烯虫乙酯、吡虫啉、氯唑磷、异柳磷、恶唑磷、齐墩螨素
高效氯氟氰菊酯、氟丙氧脲
马拉硫磷、灭蚜磷、四聚乙醛、甲胺磷、Metharhizium anisopliae、Metharhizium fiavoviride、杀扑磷、甲硫威、灭多威、甲氧苯酰肼、速灭威、恶虫酮、速灭磷、米尔螨素、久效磷、Moxidectin
二溴磷、烯啶虫胺、硝虫噻嗪、双苯氟脲、核多角体病毒
氧乐果、杀线威、亚砜磷
玫烟色拟青霉、对硫磷A、甲基对硫磷、氯菊酯、稻丰散、甲拌磷、伏杀硫磷、亚胺硫磷、磷胺、辛硫磷、抗蚜威、乙基嘧啶磷、甲基嘧啶磷、丙溴磷、猛杀威、残杀威、丙硫磷、发硫磷、吡蚜酮、吡唑硫磷、反灭虫菊、除虫菊素、哒螨灵、Pyridathion、嘧螨醚、蚊蝇醚
喹硫磷
Ribavirin
杀抗松、硫线磷、Selamectin、氟硅菊酯、艾克敌105、Sulfotep、硫丙磷
氟胺氰菊酯、虫酰肼、吡螨胺、嘧丙磷、氟苯脲、七氟菊酯、双硫磷、灭虫畏、特丁硫磷、杀虫畏、辛体氯氰菊酯、Thiamethoxam、噻丙腈、Thiatriphos、硫环杀、硫双威、久效威、敌贝特、溴氯氰菊酯、四溴菊酯、苯螨噻、唑蚜威、三唑磷、Thiazuron、氯咪唑、敌百虫、杀铃脲、混杀威
蚜灭多、氟吡唑虫、麦柯特尔
YI5302
己体氯氰菊酯、zolaprofos
(1R-顺)-[5-(苯基甲基)-3-呋喃基]-甲基-3-[(二氢-2-氧代-3(2H)-亚呋喃基)-甲基]-2,2-二甲基环丙烷羧酸酯
(3-苯氧基苯基)-甲基-2,2,3,3-四甲基环丙烷羧酸酯
1-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)-甲基]-四氢-3,5-二甲基-N-硝基-1,3,5-三嗪-2(1H)-亚胺
2-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-4-[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-苯基]-4,5-二氢-噁唑
2-(乙酰氧基)-3-十二烷基-1,4-萘二酮
2-氯-N-[[[4-(1-苯基乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]-苯甲酰胺
2-氯-N-[[[4-(2,2-二氯-1,1-二氟乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]-苯甲酰胺
3-甲基苯基-丙基氨基甲酸酯
4-[4-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲基戊基]-1-氟-2-苯氧基-苯
4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[2-(2,6-二甲基-4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙基]硫代]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮
4-氯-2-(2-氯-2-甲基丙基)-5-[(6-碘-3-吡啶基)-甲氧基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮
4-氯-5-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-甲氧基]-2-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3(2H)-哒嗪酮
苏云金芽孢杆菌EG-2348株系
2-苯甲酰基-1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-肼基苯甲酸,
2,2-二甲基-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧代-1-氧杂螺[4,5]癸-3-烯-4-基丁酸酯
[3-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚噻唑烷基]-氨腈
二氢-2-(硝基亚甲基)-2H-1,3-噻嗪-3(4H)-甲醛
[2-[[1,6-二氢-6-氧代-(苯基甲基)-4-哒嗪基]氧基]乙基]-氨基甲酸乙酯
N-(3,4,4-三氟-1-氧代-3-丁烯基)-甘氨酸
N-(4-氯苯基)-3-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺
N-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)甲基]-N’-甲基-N”-硝基-胍
N-甲基-N’-(1-甲基-2-丙烯基)-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺
N-甲基-N’-2-丙烯基-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺
[2-(二丙基氨基)-2-氧代乙基]-乙基硫代氨基磷酸O,O-一乙酯
还可与其它已知活性化合物,如除草剂或肥料以及生长调节剂混合。
本发明活性化合物还可以其市售制剂和从上述制剂制备的应用形式,以与增效剂的混合物的形式存在。增效剂是能够增加活性化合物活性的化合物,但加入的增效剂本身不必须有活性。
从市售制剂制备的应用形式中活性化合物的含量可在很宽的范围内变化。应用形式中活性化合物的浓度为0.0000001至95重量%的活性化合物,优选0.0001至1重量%。
本发明化合物以适用于应用形式的常规方法进行使用。
当用于防治卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫时,活性化合物具有优异的木材和粘土残留活性以及对石灰底物上的碱具有很好的稳定性。
本发明活性化合物不仅对植物害虫、卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫具有活性,而且在兽医领域,对防治动物寄生虫(外寄生虫)也有活性,例如硬蜱、软蜱、马瘁螨、恙螨、蝇(叮咬和吸食)、寄生性蝇幼虫、虱、头虱、羽虱和跳蚤。这些寄生虫包括:
虱目,例如,血虱属、颚虱属、虱属、Pthirus spp.和管虱属;
食毛目以及钝角亚目和细角亚目,例如,毛羽虱属、Menoponspp.、巨毛虱属、羽虱属、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentron spp.、畜虱属、嚼虱属和猫羽虱属;
双翅目以及长角亚目和短角亚目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属、真蚋属、白蛉属、Lutzomyia spp.、库蠓属、斑虻属、瘤虻属、黄虻属、虻属、麻翅虻属、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属.、家蝇属、齿股蝇属、螫蝇属、角蝇属、莫蝇属、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属、绿蝇属、金蝇属、Wohlfahrtia spp.、麻蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、Lipoptena spp.、蜱蝇属
蚤目,例如,蚤属、栉首蚤属、印鼠客蚤属、角叶蚤属
异翅亚目,例如,臭虫属、椎猎蝽属、红腹猎蝽属、全圆蝽属
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊,美洲大蠊,德国小蠊和蜚蠊属
蜱螨目以及后气门亚目和中气门亚目,例如,锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、残喙蜱属、硬蜱属、花蜱属、牛蜱属、革蜱属、Haemophysalis spp.、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属、刺利螨属、肺刺螨属、胸孔螨属和瓦螨属
辐螨亚目(前气门亚目)和粉螨目(无气门亚目),例如,蜂跗线螨属、姬螫螨属、禽螫厘螨属、肉螨属、疮螨属、蠕形螨属、恙螨属、牦螨属、粉螨属、食酪螨属、嗜木螨属、颈下螨属、翅螨属、瘙螨属、瘁螨属、耳螨属、疥螨属、痂螨属、疙螨属、胞螨属和皮膜螨属。
本发明式(I)的活性化合物也适用于防治侵扰农业家畜的节肢动物,农业家畜如牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅和蜜蜂,其它家养动物,例如狗、猫、笼养鸟、水族馆的鱼,还有所谓的试验动物,例如田鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。通过防治上述节肢动物,旨在减少动物死亡和家畜生产性能(肉、奶、毛、皮、蛋、蜜等),因此通过使用本发明活性化合物可以使动物保护更经济而简便。
应用于兽医领域时,本发明的活性化合物可通过已知方法给药经肠给药,例如以片剂、胶囊剂、饮剂、灌药剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、大丸剂、喂食方法、栓剂等形式进行;非经肠给药,例如通过注射(肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、腹膜内注射等),植入法;经鼻给药;经皮肤给药,例如以浸泡或洗浴、喷雾、泼上或擦上、洗涤、撒粉方式进行,也可借助于含有活性化合物的成型制品,例如项圈、耳饰物、尾饰物、肢环(带)、笼头、装饰器具等。
当用于家畜,家禽,家养动物等时,式(I)活性化合物可使用制剂形式(例如粉剂,乳剂,流动剂),其中包括1-8重量%的活性化合物,直接使用或100-10000倍稀释后使用,或用作药浴。
另外,已发现本发明式(I)化合物对损坏工业材料的昆虫具有很强的杀虫活性。
作为实例并优选列出下述昆虫,但并不限于此:
鞘翅目昆虫,如
北美家天牛、绿虎天牛(Chlorophorus pilosis)、家具窃蠹、报死材窃蠹、类翼窃蠹、Dendrobium pertinex、松芽枝窃蠹、松产品窃蠹(Priobium carpini)、褐粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus africanus)、南方粉蠹、栎粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus pubescens)、胸粉蠹(Trogoxylon aequale)、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、条木小蠹属、咖啡黑长蠹、Bostrychus capucins、褐异翅长蠹、棘长蠹属、竹竿粉长蠹
膜翅目,例如
蓝黑树蜂、云杉大树蜂、泰加大树蜂、大树蜂(Urocerus augur)
白蚁,例如
木白蚁(Kalotermes flavicollis)、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、欧美散白蚁、散白蚁(Reticulitermes santonensis)、散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、达尔文澳白蚁、内华达古白蚁、台湾乳白蚁
缨尾目,例如台湾衣鱼
本发明中的工业材料可以理解为表示非生命材料,例如优选合成材料、粘胶(Klebstoffe)、胶水(Leime)、纸和板、皮革、木材和木制品以及涂料。
木材以及木制品是特别需要优选保护其免受昆虫侵袭的材料。
通过本发明组合物或含有该组合物的混合物可以保护的木材和木制品可以理解为,例如建筑用木材、木梁、铁路轨枕、桥梁组件、船头、木制交通工具、箱子、货架、集装箱、电杆、木镶板、木窗和木门、胶合板、碎料板、在房屋建筑或建筑细木工行业中常用的细木工件或木制品。
活性化合物可直接,或以浓缩形式或常规制剂,如粉剂,颗粒剂,溶液,悬浮剂,乳剂或糊剂方式使用。
上述制剂可以以本身已知方法制备,例如通过将活性化合物与至少一种溶剂或稀释剂,乳化剂,分散剂和/或粘合剂或固定剂,抗水剂混合,以及如需要加入催干剂和UV稳定剂以及如需要加入染料和颜料,和其它加工助剂。
用于保护木材和木制品的杀虫组合物或浓缩物包含浓度为0.0001至95重量%,特别是0.001至60重量%的本发明活性化合物。
组合物或浓缩物的使用量是根据昆虫的种类和发生情况及其介质而确定的。最佳施用量各自在应用时可通过系列试验确定。然而基于需保护的材料,一般,使用0.0001至20%重量,优选0.001至10%重量的活性化合物是足够的。
使用的溶剂和/或稀释剂是有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或低挥发性的油性或油类有机溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或极性有机溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或水,如需要可加入乳化剂和/或湿润剂。
优选使用的有机溶剂是油性或油类溶剂,蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃,并优选大于45℃。用作上述低挥发度的、不溶于水的油性或油类溶剂物质是适合的矿物油或它们的芳族馏分,或含有矿物油的溶剂混合物,优选石油溶剂,石油和/或烷基苯。
优选使用沸程为170-220℃的矿物油,沸程为170-220℃的石油溶剂,沸程为250-350℃的锭子油,沸程为160-280℃的石油和芳烃,以及松节油等。
在优选实施方案中,使用沸程为180-210℃的液体脂族烃或沸程为180-220℃的芳族和脂族烃的高沸程混合物和/或锭子油和/或一氯代萘,优选α-一氯代萘。
蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃的低挥发度的有机油性或油类溶剂可用高或中挥发度的有机溶剂部分替换,条件是溶剂混合物的蒸发值同样大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃,以及杀虫剂/杀菌剂混合物可溶或可乳化于该溶剂混合物中。
在优选实施方案中,部分有机溶剂或溶剂混合物用脂族极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物替代。优选使用含有羟基和/或酯和/或醚基的脂族有机溶剂,例如乙二醇醚,酯等。
本发明使用的有机化学粘合剂是已知的合成树脂和/或粘合干性油,它们可用水稀释和/或可溶解或分散或乳化于上述使用的机化学溶剂中,特别是由下列物质组成或包含下列物质的粘合剂:丙烯酸酯树脂,乙烯基树脂,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚酯类树脂,缩聚或聚加成反应树脂,聚氨酯树脂,醇酸树脂或改性的醇酸树脂,酚醛树脂,烃类树脂,如茚/香豆酮树脂,硅酮树脂,干性植物油和/或干性油和/或基于天然和/或合成树脂的物理干性粘合剂。
用作粘合剂的合成树脂可以以乳剂,分散剂或溶液形式使用。沥青或沥青状物质也可用作粘合剂,用量至多为10重量%。此外,还可以使用本身已知的染料,颜料,防水剂,气味遮蔽剂和抑制剂或防腐剂等。
在本发明组合物或浓缩物中优选包含作为有机化学粘合剂的至少一种醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂和/或一种干性植物油。本发明优选使用含油量大于45重量%,优选50-68重量%的醇酸树脂。
上述所有或某些粘合剂可用固定剂(混合物)或增塑剂(混合物)替代。加入这些添加剂的目的是防止活性化合物的挥发以及结晶或沉淀。它们优选替代0.01至30%的粘合剂(以使用粘合剂的100%计)。
增塑剂选自邻苯二甲酸酯类的化学物质,如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯,磷酸酯类,如磷酸三丁酯,己二酸酯,如二-(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯,硬脂酸酯,如硬脂酸丁酯或硬脂酸戊酯,油酸酯,如油酸丁酯,甘油醚或相对高分子量的乙二醇醚,甘油酯和对甲苯磺酸酯。
固定剂在化学上基于聚乙烯烷基醚,如聚乙烯基甲基醚,或酮,如二苯甲酮或亚乙基二苯甲酮。
适用的溶剂或稀释剂还特别是水,如需要可与一种或多种上述有机化学溶剂或稀释剂,乳化剂和分散剂混合使用。
对木材特别有效的保护方法是通过大批量的浸渍方法,例如通过真空,双真空(Doppelvakuum)或加压方法。
现混现用组合物中如需要还可以包含其它杀虫剂,以及如需要还可以包含一种或多种杀菌剂。
适合的其它混合组分优选WO 94/29 268中所提及的那些杀虫剂和杀菌剂。在该文献中所述化合物也作为本申请的特定部分。
特别优选的混合组分是杀虫剂如毒死蜱、辛硫磷、氟硅菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、吡虫啉、啶虫脒、氟虫脲、氟铃脲和杀铃脲以及杀菌剂,如氧唑菌、己唑醇、氧环唑、丙环唑、戊唑醇、环丙唑醇、叶菌唑、抑霉唑、抑菌灵、甲苯氟磺胺、3-碘-2-丙炔基-丁基氨基甲酸酯、N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮和4,5-二氯-N-辛基异噻唑啉-3-酮。
活性化合物还适于控制封闭空间,如公寓,厂房,办公室,车厢等空间中出现的害虫,特别是昆虫,蜘蛛和螨。它们可单独使用或与其它活性化合物以及控制上述害虫的家用杀虫制剂中的常用助剂混合使用。它们对敏感和抗性种群以及所有发育阶段都有杀虫活性。这些害虫包括:
蝎目,例如钳蝎(Buthus occitanus)。
蜱螨目,例如波斯锐缘蜱、翘缘锐缘蜱、苔螨属、鸡皮刺螨、家食甜螨、非洲钝缘蜱、血红扇头蜱、恙螨(Trombicula alfreddugesi)、Neutrombicula autumnalis、屋尘螨、粉尘螨。
蛛形目,例如鸟蛤蛛科、园蛛科。
盲蛛目,例如拟蝎类(Pseudoscorpiones chelifer)、Pseudoscorpionescheiridium、Opiliones phalangium。
等足目,例如潮虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如具斑马陆、山蛩虫属。
唇足目,例如地蜈蚣属。
Zygentoma目,例如栉衣鱼属、台湾衣鱼、Lepismodes inquilinus。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、德国小蠊、小蠊属(Blattella asahinai)、马得拉蜚蠊、角腹蠊属、木蠊属、澳洲大蠊、美洲大蠊、褐斑大蠊、黑胸大蠊、长须蜚蠊。
跳跃亚目,例如家蟀。
革翅目,例如欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如木白蚁属、散白蚁属。
啮虫目,例如Lepinatus属、粉啮虫属。
鞘翅目,例如圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、皮蠹属、长头谷蠹、隐跗郭公虫属、蛛甲属、谷蠹、谷象、米象、玉米象、药材甲。
双翅目,例如埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊、Aedes taeniorhynchus、按蚊属、红头丽蝇、高额麻虻、致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊、Culex tarsalis、果蝇属、夏厕蝇、家蝇、白蛉属、麻蝇(Sarcophaga carnaria)、蚋属、厩螫蝇、大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。
鳞翅目,例如小蜡螟、蜡螟、印度古斑螟、谷蛾、袋谷蛾、幕谷蛾。
蚤目,例如犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤、穿皮潜蚤、印鼠客蚤。
膜翅目,例如广布弓背蚁、亮毛蚁、黑毛蚁、Lasius umbratus、小家蚁、Paravespula属、铺道蚁。
虱目,例如头虱、体虱、阴虱。
异翅亚目,例如热带臭虫、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、侵扰锥猎蝽。
家用杀虫剂领域中,本发明化合物可单独使用或与其它适合的活性化合物混合使用,如磷酸酯类,氨基甲酸酯类,拟除虫菊酯类,生长调节剂或选自其它已知各类杀虫剂的活性化合物。
它们可以使用气溶胶形式,非增压喷雾剂形式使用,例如通过泵、弥雾器、喷雾器、烟雾发生器、泡沫、凝胶、带有纤维素或塑料制成的汽化片的蒸发器、液体蒸发器、凝胶和薄膜蒸发器、推进式蒸发器、不需能量或被动式蒸发系统、防蛀纸、防蛀袋(Mottensckchen)和防蛀胶作为颗粒剂或粉剂撒布饵料中或饵料位置。
本发明活性化合物的制备及其应用如下述实施例所示。
实施例
一般方法
0.979g(1.00mmol)的式(II)双氨基化合物,6,18-二-(4-氨基-苄基)-3,9,15,21-四异丁基-4,10,12,16,22,24-六甲基-1,7,13,19-四氧杂-4,10,16,22-四氮杂-环二十四碳烷-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23-辛酮和3.8mmol的二甲苯磺酸酯(对应于式(III-b);由相应的二醇制备)在10ml丙腈中在100℃下,在存在0.40g(3.8mmol)碳酸钠和1.40g(3.8mmol)碘化四(正丁基)铵的条件下反应5-12小时。
为进行处理,将反应溶液用乙酸乙酯稀释并用半饱和的氯化铵溶液,饱和的碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和的氯化钠溶液洗涤。将有机相用硫酸镁干燥并减压浓缩。将产物用柱色谱纯化(固定相:硅胶;流动相:乙酸乙酯/环己烷)。
实施例1-9
生物实施例
实施例A
美洲烟夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)试验
溶剂:3重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将大豆苗(Glycine max)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在大豆苗上定殖美洲烟夜蛾幼虫同时保持叶片湿润。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有一头幼虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 6天后的致死率% |
1 | 200 | 100 |
2 | 1000 | 100 |
3 | 1000 | 100 |
实施例B
猿叶甲属(Phaedon)虫幼虫试验
溶剂:3重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶片上定殖辣根猿叶虫(Phaedon cochleariae)的幼虫,同时保持叶片湿润。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有甲虫幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有一头甲虫幼虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 6天后的致死率% |
1 | 200 | 100 |
3 | 200 | 100 |
实施例C
菜蛾(Pluttela)试验
溶剂:3重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶片上定殖小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)幼虫,同时保持叶片湿润。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有一头幼虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 6天后的致死率% |
3 | 1000 | 100 |
实施例D
菜蛾试验/合成饲料
溶剂:1重量份的丙酮
9重量份的甲醇
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂混合,并用甲醇稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将上述量的所需浓度活性化合物制剂用滴管吸至标准量的合成饲料上。待甲醇蒸发后,将有约100头小菜蛾卵覆盖的薄膜盒盖放至每个小室内。将刚孵化的幼虫移至处理后的合成饲料上。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有害虫被杀死;0%表示没有害虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 6天后的致死率% |
5 | 1000 | 100 |
实施例E
菜蛾试验/症状学研究
溶剂:丙酮
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将10mg的活性化合物与1ml的溶剂混合。
将上述方法制备的1μl溶液投药至小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)幼虫。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有幼虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度μg/幼虫 | 1天后的致死率% |
1 | 10 | 100 |
实施例F
草地粘虫(Spodoptera frugiperda)试验
溶剂:31重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将甘蓝叶片(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶片上定殖草地粘虫(Spodoptera frugiperda)的幼虫,同时保持叶片湿润。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有一头幼虫被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 6天后的致死率% |
1 | 1000 | 100 |
2 | 1000 | 100 |
3 | 1000 | 100 |
实施例G
叶螨属(Tetranychus)试验(OP-抗性/浸渍处理)
溶剂:7重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将被所有发育阶段的棉红蜘蛛(Tetranychus urticae)严重侵染的菜豆植株(Phaseolus vulgaris)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中。
在一段所需的时间后,测定杀虫活性%。100%表示所有棉红蜘蛛被杀死;0%表示没有棉红蜘蛛被杀死。
在此试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物表现出很好的杀虫活性:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 7天后的致死率% |
1 | 200 | 100 |
3 | 200 | 99 |
实施例H
根结线虫(Meloidogyne)试验
溶剂:4重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备适合的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
在容器中填满砂子,加入活性化合物溶液,南方根结线虫卵/幼虫悬浮液和莴苣种子。莴苣种子萌发,植株发育。根上形成虫瘿。
在一段所需的时间后,通过虫瘿形成%确定杀线虫活性。100%表示没有发现虫瘿;0%表示在处理植株上的虫瘿数量相当于未处理对照虫瘿数量。
活性化合物,施用量和结果列于下表中:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | 致死率% |
1 | 20 | 100 |
3 | 20 | 100 |
实施例I
蟑螂试验
试验害虫:美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)幼虫(L4)
溶剂:二甲基亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶解在1ml二甲基亚砜中,通过蒸馏水稀释制备更小的稀释浓度。
将4头试验害虫浸入测试活性化合物制剂中1分钟。
将害虫转入塑料烧杯并保持在气候室中7天,然后评估致死率。
100%表示所有的蟑螂都被杀死,0%表示没有一头蟑螂被杀死。
该试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物优于现有化合物:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | %活性/致死 |
1 | 100 | 50 |
实施例J
猫栉头蚤(Katzenflhen)试验/经口摄食
试验害虫:猫栉头蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)成虫
溶剂:二甲基亚砜(DMSO)
为制备适合的制剂,由20mg活性化合物和1mlDMSO制备适合的活性化合物溶液。将17.5μl上述制剂加入3.5ml柠檬酸化牛血中,然后搅拌混合物。
将20头未取食的成虫跳蚤(猫栉头蚤,“Georgi”株系)放入顶部和底部由网封闭的小室(Φ2.5cm)中。将底边用parafilm膜覆盖的金属圆筒放置在小室上。圆筒中含有3ml血/活性化合物制剂,跳蚤可通过parafilm膜取食。虽然将血保温37℃,但跳蚤室空间内的温度调节至25℃。对照用相同体积的DMSO混合,不加入化合物。试验进行三次重复。
28小时后,确定致死率%(=死跳蚤)。
28小时内可表现至少25%的跳蚤死亡率的化合物评价为有效。
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | %活性 |
1 | 100 | 100 |
2 | 100 | 91 |
3 | 100 | 100 |
4 | 100 | 100 |
5 | 100 | 64 |
6 | 100 | 80 |
实施例K
家蝇试验
试验昆虫:家蝇(Musca domestica)成虫,Reichswald株系(OP-,SP-,氨基甲酸酯抗性)
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶解于1ml二甲亚砜,用蒸馏水稀释制备更小的稀释浓度。
将2ml上述活性化合物制剂移液到放置在适合尺寸的陪替氏培养皿中的滤纸片(φ9.5cm)上。滤纸片干燥后,随后将25头测试昆虫转移至陪替氏培养皿中并盖上盖。
1,3,5,24和48小时后测定活性化合物制剂活性。100%表示杀死了所有家蝇;0%表示没有家蝇被杀死。
在上述试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物优干现有化合物:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | %活性/致死率 |
1 | 100 | 95 |
3 | 100 | 95 |
4 | 100 | 20 |
7 | 100 | 20 |
实施例L
牛蜱试验
试验动物:已吸饱血的雌性微小牛蜱(Boophilus microplus)(SP-抗性的Parkhurst株系)
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶解于1ml二甲亚砜中,用相同溶剂稀释制备更小的稀释浓度。
试验进行5个重复。将1μl溶液注射至腹部,将昆虫转移至培养皿中并保持在气候室中。7天后根据产卵率评估活性。将其发育并不能清楚可见的卵保持在置于气候箱中的玻璃管中直至孵化出幼虫。100%活性表示没有蜱产卵。
在上述试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物优于现有化合物:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度μg/昆虫 | %活性/致死率 |
1 | 20 | 100 |
2 | 20 | 100 |
3 | 20 | 100 |
4 | 20 | 100 |
5 | 20 | 80 |
6 | 20 | 100 |
实施例M
丽蝇幼虫试验/发育抑制剂活性
试验昆虫:铜绿蝇(Lucilia cuprina)幼虫
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶解在1ml二甲亚砜中,用蒸馏水稀释制备更小的稀释浓度。
将约20头铜绿蝇幼虫放入含有约1cm3马肉和0.5ml需测试活性化合物制剂的试管中。24和48小时后,测定活性化合物制剂的活性。将试管转移至底部用砂覆盖的烧杯中。再过2天后,取出试管并统计蛹的数量。
根据未处理对照发育时间的1.5倍时间后孵化的绿蝇数量评估活性化合物制剂的活性。100%表示没有绿蝇孵化;0%表示所有绿蝇已正常孵化。
在上述试验中,例如,下述制备实施例化合物的活性优于现有化合物:
实施例 | 活性化合物浓度ppm | %活性/致死率(48小时后) |
1 | 10 | 100 |
3 | 10 | 100 |
4 | 100 | 100 |
5 | 100 | 100 |
6 | 100 | 100 |
Claims (3)
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19962145.4 | 1999-12-22 | ||
DE19962145A DE19962145A1 (de) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel/Depsipeptide |
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CN1413082A true CN1413082A (zh) | 2003-04-23 |
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CN00817690A Pending CN1413082A (zh) | 1999-12-22 | 2000-12-11 | 农药/缩酚肽 |
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US (1) | US6900176B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1248521B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003518020A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1413082A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR027003A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2841301A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0016637A (zh) |
CO (1) | CO5221087A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19962145A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2239067T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001045512A1 (zh) |
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US7943160B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2011-05-17 | Scimetrics Limited Corp. | Pest control methods |
US7605194B2 (en) | 2003-06-24 | 2009-10-20 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Aqueous dispersions of polymer-enclosed particles, related coating compositions and coated substrates |
US20080112909A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2008-05-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Compositions for providing color to animate objects and related methods |
JP4824298B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-04 | 2011-11-30 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池用ガス拡散層、電極及び膜電極接合体及びその製造方法 |
US20100184911A1 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2010-07-22 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Aqueous dispersions of polymer-enclosed particles, related coating compositions and coated substrates |
JP5262352B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-30 | 2013-08-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | ピレスロイド化合物含有の水性製剤 |
US8507050B2 (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2013-08-13 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Methods for depositing ultra thin coatings exhibiting low haze and methods for the preparation of such coatings |
IN2014DN10617A (zh) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-09-11 | Meiji Seika Pharma Co Ltd | |
US10081656B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2018-09-25 | Merial, Inc. | Anthelmintic depsipeptide compounds |
NZ743913A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2019-04-26 | Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Usa Inc | Anthelmintic depsipeptide compounds |
CN110167921A (zh) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-08-23 | 勃林格殷格翰动物保健美国公司 | 驱蠕虫缩肽化合物 |
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NO176766C (no) * | 1989-02-07 | 1995-05-24 | Meiji Seika Kaisha | Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en forbindelse med anthelmintaktivitet |
JPH0570366A (ja) * | 1991-03-08 | 1993-03-23 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | 薬用組成物 |
DE122005000058I1 (de) * | 1992-03-17 | 2006-04-27 | Astellas Pharma Inc | Depsipeptide, Herstellung und Anwendung |
JPH05271013A (ja) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-10-19 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | 環状デプシペプチド物質を有効成分とする害虫防除剤 |
DE4317458A1 (de) * | 1992-06-11 | 1993-12-16 | Bayer Ag | Verwendung von cyclischen Depsipeptiden mit 18 Ringatomen zur Bekämpfung von Endoparasiten, neue cyclische Depsipeptide mit 18 Ringatomen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
KR100309091B1 (ko) * | 1993-02-19 | 2001-12-28 | 이치로 키타사토 | 환상 데프시펩티드 pf 1022의 유도체 |
DE4317457A1 (de) * | 1993-05-26 | 1994-12-01 | Bayer Ag | Octacyclodepsipeptide mit endoparasitizider Wirkung |
DE4317432A1 (de) * | 1993-05-26 | 1994-12-01 | Bayer Ag | Octacyclodepsipeptide mit endoparasitizider Wirkung |
JP3263947B2 (ja) * | 1993-09-06 | 2002-03-11 | 藤沢薬品工業株式会社 | 環状デプシペプチド化合物 |
DE4341992A1 (de) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-06-14 | Bayer Ag | Endoparasitizide Mittel auf Basis von offenkettigen Tetradepsipeptiden |
DE4341993A1 (de) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-06-14 | Bayer Ag | Endoparasitizide Mittel auf Basis von offenkettigen Octadepsipeptiden |
DE4341991A1 (de) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-06-14 | Bayer Ag | Endoparasitizide Mittel auf Basis von offenkettigen Hexadepsipeptiden |
DE4342907A1 (de) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-22 | Bayer Ag | Neue cyclische Depsipeptide mit 18 Ringatomen und ihre Verwendung zur Bekämpfung von Endoparasiten |
DE4343842C1 (de) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-02-23 | Draegerwerk Ag | Reaktionsgefäß zur immunologischn Analytik von Aerosolen |
GB9326699D0 (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1994-03-02 | Celltech Ltd | Chemical compounds |
DE4401389A1 (de) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-20 | Bayer Ag | Verwendung von cyclischen Depsipeptiden mit 12 Ringatomen zur Bekämpfung von Endoparasiten, neue cyclische Depsipeptide mit 12 Ringatomen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE4412492A1 (de) | 1994-04-12 | 1995-10-19 | Bayer Ag | Verwendung von cyclischen Depsipeptiden mit 18 Ringatomen |
US5773613A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-06-30 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Tryptoanthrinimine derivative and electrophotosensitive material using the same |
JPH08225552A (ja) | 1995-02-21 | 1996-09-03 | Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd | モルホリンジオン誘導体の製造法 |
DE19520275A1 (de) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-05 | Bayer Ag | Endoparasitizide Mittel |
DE19529604A1 (de) | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-13 | Bayer Ag | Endoparasitizide Mittel auf Basis von Didepsipeptiden, neue Didepsipeptide und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE19713626A1 (de) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-08 | Bayer Ag | Neue Thiodepsipeptide zur Bekämpfung von Endoparasiten und ein einfaches Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
JP2002502398A (ja) * | 1997-06-04 | 2002-01-22 | バイエル・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | デソキシシクロデプシペプチド及び内部寄生性生物の防除のためのその使用 |
DE19828043A1 (de) * | 1998-06-24 | 1999-12-30 | Bayer Ag | Ektoparasitizide Mittel |
DE19930076A1 (de) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-04 | Bayer Ag | Mittel gegen Hausstaubmilben |
-
1999
- 1999-12-22 DE DE19962145A patent/DE19962145A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-12-11 DE DE50009946T patent/DE50009946D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-11 US US10/168,382 patent/US6900176B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-11 JP JP2001546259A patent/JP2003518020A/ja active Pending
- 2000-12-11 CN CN00817690A patent/CN1413082A/zh active Pending
- 2000-12-11 AU AU28413/01A patent/AU2841301A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-11 BR BR0016637-5A patent/BR0016637A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-11 WO PCT/EP2000/012486 patent/WO2001045512A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-12-11 EP EP00993489A patent/EP1248521B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-11 ES ES00993489T patent/ES2239067T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-18 AR ARP000106732A patent/AR027003A1/es unknown
- 2000-12-21 CO CO00097178A patent/CO5221087A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2841301A (en) | 2001-07-03 |
EP1248521A1 (de) | 2002-10-16 |
ES2239067T3 (es) | 2005-09-16 |
WO2001045512A1 (de) | 2001-06-28 |
DE50009946D1 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
US20030143254A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
US6900176B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 |
BR0016637A (pt) | 2002-10-08 |
CO5221087A1 (es) | 2002-11-28 |
DE19962145A1 (de) | 2001-06-28 |
EP1248521B1 (de) | 2005-03-30 |
JP2003518020A (ja) | 2003-06-03 |
AR027003A1 (es) | 2003-03-12 |
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