CN1399232A - Electronic traffic record system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic billing system. The system uses CDMA digital mobile communication technology and open information processing technology to collect and record vehicle operation information in real time, and transmit it to the superior general dispatching database for decision-making. The system includes: a base station controller, used to receive the driving plan of the day from the superior master computer, process the road list information and transmit it to the master computer; a station transmitter, used to send call signals to the vehicle; a vehicle-mounted station, used to record and store Road list information and upload to the base station controller. There is a full-duplex wireless link between the base station controller and the vehicle-mounted station, and data exchange is performed through frame request and response; the wireless one-way data transmission method is adopted between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, and the site transmitter transmits data to the vehicle-mounted station. The station sends station information; the base station controller and the upper-level main control computer perform two-way data exchange through the communication port, and realize the data communication between each hardware through software, which can be used in the bus operation management system.

Description

Electronic waybill system

Technical field:

The invention relates to wireless digital communication and computer information processing, in particular to an electronic road bill system for bus operation management.

Background technique:

With the development of transportation, it is an important aspect of urbanization to implement reasonable, scientific, convenient and accurate operation and management of public transport vehicles. At present, there are many vehicles and traffic congestion in major cities across the country. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent management system to quickly and accurately collect and summarize the operation information of public transport vehicles, transmit it to the dispatching center, and implement monitoring and dispatching of public transport operating vehicles in a timely manner. At the same time, this intelligent management system is required to improve safety, coordination, monitoring and emergency rescue services through the interface with external systems, and provide real-time vehicle operation status and reachable vehicles to passengers through electronic stop signs at stations along the bus line. , to help passengers choose the best travel, departure time and transfer method, so as to realize the intelligent management of bus dispatching.

At present, the bus operation and management systems that are generally put into use mainly include the traditional manual road bill system, the advanced GPS/GSM (Global Positioning System/Global System for Mobile Communications) vehicle positioning dispatching monitoring system, and the IC card road bill system. category. These kinds of bus operation management systems are mainly composed of road list formation part, system networking part and management software design part. Among them, the road list formation part is responsible for the collection, processing, storage and transmission of vehicle operation information; the system networking part completes the seamless connection between the system network and the existing network, which is used for the formation of information instant transmission network; the management software part uses To complete tasks such as information processing, statistics and remote transmission of data. Among these components, the waybill formation part is a key technology in the whole bus operation management system. Because its content not only involves the operating route of the vehicle, arrival time, departure time, running kilometers, work intensity of the crew, vehicle fuel consumption, employee attendance rate, vehicle usage efficiency, etc., but also how the bus company Information to reasonably arrange the daily plan, monthly plan, and annual plan of each bus line, and real-time vehicle scheduling, so as to not only facilitate people's travel, but also improve the operating efficiency of vehicles. However, there are respective deficiencies and defects in the road list formation part of these several existing management systems. For example, the traditional manual waybill system mainly relies on the waybills recorded by the dispatcher. The system administrator conducts manual data analysis and statistics, makes a report, and submits it to the general dispatcher of the superior company for decision-making. The main disadvantages are heavy workload, poor real-time performance and strong artificiality. The GPS/GSM (Global Positioning System/Global System for Mobile Communications) vehicle positioning dispatching and monitoring system utilizes the mature GPS global satellite positioning technology, combined with the GSM mobile communication network opened by my country's telecommunications industry in the country to realize roaming across the country in terms of voice, Complete real-time monitoring of public transport vehicles, as well as vehicle global positioning, silent vehicle monitoring, police rescue and other functions. The main disadvantages of this system are poor system stability and expensive operation and maintenance costs. The IC card road billing system also uses GPS technology, and at the same time records the driving route, mileage, parking location, arrival/opening time and other information through IC card storage technology, and establishes a comprehensive monitoring, management and dispatching system for vehicles on this basis. But this kind of system has small capacity and high failure rate.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide an electronic route list system and a real-time control management method to improve the applicability and reliability of the system, simplify hardware equipment, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and finally realize Intelligent management of the entire system.

Realize that the technical key of the present invention is by adopting advanced CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) digital mobile communication technology and open information processing technology, the information of vehicle running condition is collected in real time and accurately recorded, and each vehicle information is automatically fed back to Dispatch and send it to the database of the superior general dispatcher, so that the management department can grasp the operation status information of the bus vehicles in time, so as to make scientific decisions. The whole system includes base station controller, vehicle station, site transmitter. Among them, the base station controller is used to receive the driving plan of the day from the superior main control computer, and to check the time of the base station controller according to the time of the main control computer to ensure the accuracy of the road list in time, and to The road list information recorded by it is transmitted to the main control computer in time after information processing; the station transmitter is used to send a call signal to the bus; the vehicle-mounted station is used to receive the signal sent by the base station controller and the station transmitter. call signal, and record and store the road list information during the driving process of the bus, and upload the information to the base station controller, and correct the time of the vehicle-mounted station according to the time of the base station controller. A full-duplex wireless link is established between the base station controller and the vehicle-mounted station, and data exchange is performed through frame requests and responses; one-way data transmission is adopted between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, and the site transmitter sends data to the vehicle-mounted station Site information: The base station controller and the upper-level main control computer perform bidirectional data exchange through the communication port.

The above-mentioned station transmitter includes a multi-channel address code generator, a frequency spreader, a modulator, and a transmitter. The multi-channel address code generator and the frequency spreader realize soft frequency spreading, and the station information is modulated and transmitted wirelessly. The soft spread spectrum adopts a (N, K) code, that is, a pseudo-random code with a length of N is used to replace the K-bit information. The K-bit information has 2 ^k states, and 2 ^k pseudo-random codes with a length of N are required. Code to represent, its spreading ratio is N/K.

The pseudo-random code that length is N in the above-mentioned soft spread spectrum coding adopts GOLD code sequence, and this code is by the m sequence that two polynomials that two lengths are the same, rate is the same, but different codewords produce m-sequence preferably modulus 2 and form.

The above-mentioned base station controller and vehicle-mounted station include: receiver, transmitter, spread spectrum, despreader, coder, decoder, information processor, information memory. Among them, the receiver and transmitter are used to realize full-duplex wireless communication; the spread spectrum despreader realizes the encryption of the signal and enhances the anti-interference ability of the signal; the coder and decoder complete the error detection and correction of the road list information Wrong; the information processor completes the formation, binding, deframing and time proofreading of the road list; the information storage system is mainly used to store the road list.

The error detection and error correction of the information by the above-mentioned compiler and decoder adopts the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to detect the error of the information; Perform 1-bit error correction; use 8*N packet interleavers to correct longer burst errors. This (7,4) cyclic code has adopted generator polynomial to be the cyclic code of g(x)=x ³ +x+1; This (8,4) block code is according to actual needs, in (7,4) cyclic code Basically, according to the rule that the code distance is as large as possible, an additional parity bit is added; the 8*N block interleaver transforms a burst error channel with memory into a random independent error channel without memory basically, That is, the sending end interweaves the encoded data waiting to be sent into an 8×N matrix every 8 bits and one row according to the correct order of information, writes in columns when sending, and reads out rows when receiving, so as to transform the burst channel into An equivalent random channel; the CRC uses a CRC-16 code whose generator polynomial is g(x)=1+x ² +x ¹⁵ +x ¹⁶ to calculate the information at the sending end.

The real-time control and management method of the present invention includes wireless data communication between the station transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, data communication between the vehicle-mounted station and the base station controller, and data communication between the base station controller and the base station computer. Through the data communication between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, establish a wireless one-way data transmission channel from the site transmitter to the vehicle-mounted station, and the site transmitter sends site information to the vehicle-mounted station; through the data communication between the base station controller and the vehicle-mounted station Control, establish a full-duplex wireless link between the two, and exchange data in the form of frame request and response; through the data communication control between the base station controller and the upper-level main control computer, realize the two-way data exchange between the two . in:

a. The communication between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted equipment is that the site transmitter periodically sends the call information of the site of the station and the routes passing through the station, and the vehicle-mounted equipment receives the call signal and sends Record the time at that time and store it in the device as the entry time and exit time. If the on-board device is not the first time to receive the sending information of the station, record the time at that time and update the external memory of the on-board device. Outbound information stored in the station until the signal of the station is no longer received.

b. The communication between the vehicle-mounted station and the base station controller is that when the vehicle-mounted station receives the call signal from the base station controller, it first compares and judges the date information in the call signal with the date in the vehicle-mounted station’s external storage, and if there is any change , then use the time information contained in the call signal at this time as a reference to correct the time information of the vehicle-mounted station; If there is unsent data in the external memory, the vehicle-mounted station will establish a communication link with the base station controller, and send information to the base station controller in the way of error detection and retransmission; At that time, the outbound information in the external memory of the vehicle-mounted station is updated until the vehicle-mounted station cannot receive the signal of the base station controller.

c. For the data communication between the base station controller and the upper-level main control computer, the base station controller first establishes a communication link with the upper-level main control computer through request and response. The daily dispatch plan of the main control computer; then the base station controller sends the vehicle operation data stored in the external memory to the upper main control computer in the form of error detection and retransmission. After sending, the base station controller turns to the vehicle-mounted station call.

This system has the following advantages:

1. Automatically record, store, count and upload the operating information of operating vehicles, with a high degree of automation;

2. There is no need to rent or rely on any existing wireless communication network facilities, and the hardware equipment is simple. Working in the open frequency band, the transmission power is low, which greatly reduces the operating cost.

3. The system has strong adaptability and flexible networking, and is suitable for monitoring, operation and management of fleets of various sizes.

4. Hardware building block structure, data receiving/processing separation, easy to upgrade and maintain.

5. Software modular design, using client / server structure, stable and reliable performance.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electronic circuit order system of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a composition block diagram of the electronic circuit order system of the present invention

Figure 3 is the functional block diagram of the site transmitter

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of soft spread spectrum

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the GOLD code sequence generator

Figure 6 is a block diagram of the base station controller and vehicle-mounted station

Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of encoding and decoding

Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the CRC-16 bit shift register

Figure 9 is a flow chart of the communication software between the on-board equipment and the site transmitter

Figure 10 is a software flow chart for the communication between the vehicle equipment and the base station controller

Fig. 11 is a software flowchart of communication between the base station controller and the base station computer

Detailed ways:

As shown in Figure 1, this electronic road list system is mainly composed of hardware such as a site transmitter, a vehicle-mounted station, a base station controller, and a computer connected to it. Among them, the base station controller is set at the main station (starting point) and auxiliary station (end point) of the driving route, and the site transmitter is set at each station on the driving route, including the main station (starting point) and auxiliary station (end point)) , the radiation range of both is 100 to 150 meters.

As shown in Figure 2, for the operation and management of vehicles, the public transport system is divided into three departments according to functions: first-level dispatching (the bus company), second-level dispatching (the bus branch), and third-level dispatching (line management). The electronic route list part is mainly located in the third-level dispatching part to complete the main function of line management. In the system, the main control computer of the main station or auxiliary station is connected with the second-level dispatcher by remote dialing, the base station controller of the main station or auxiliary station is connected with the main control computer by communication port, and the base station control of the main station or auxiliary station is A full-duplex wireless connection is used between the device and the vehicle station. One-way wireless connection is adopted between the vehicle station and the site transmitter. The main functions of the base station controller include receiving driving plans, time proofreading, storing road lists, information processing, dial-up networking, and uploading road lists, etc. The main functions of the vehicle-mounted station include recording and storing road lists, uploading road lists to the base station controller, Time proofreading etc. The main function of the station transmitter is to send station information cyclically. The main working process between them is as follows:

With the start of daily operation, the second-level dispatcher first sends the traffic plan of the day to the main control computer of the third-level dispatcher through the network. When the corresponding base station controller and the main control computer are connected through the communication port, that is The driving plan of the day can be obtained, and the time of the base station controller can be compared with the time of the main control computer to ensure the accuracy of the road list. The base station controller also transmits the recorded road list information to the computer in time. At the same time, the base station controller performs alternate paging for each vehicle according to the plan. Whenever a bus vehicle enters the wireless coverage of the base station controller, a full-duplex wireless link between the two is established, and the frame request and response On the one hand, the vehicle-mounted station records new road bill information, and on the other hand, uploads the recorded road bill information to the base station controller, and checks the time at any time. When the vehicle-mounted station receives the departure information from the base station controller, it will leave the main station or auxiliary station on time, or return to the field, or start a new round of operation, and record the departure time, station name, vehicle number, road number, etc. information. When the vehicle-mounted station passes the station transmitter on the route, it should record the relevant information of the bus vehicle at this moment, for example, the time of entering and leaving the station, station name, road number, car number, driver's name, etc. Therefore, after a trip, the vehicle-mounted station stores a large amount of basic road bill information, and uploads the road bill in time when entering the main station or auxiliary station and meeting the base station controller again. In this way, when the day's operation is over, the base station controller sends the route list of the line to the superior dispatcher through the network. In this way, the electronicization and automation of waybill formation and waybill transmission can be realized.

Referring to Figure 3, the site transmitter implements soft spread spectrum through a multi-channel address code generator, and then modulates, and finally transmits it wirelessly. The multi-channel address code generation technology is a newly developed communication technology following FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) and TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) in recent years. This technology is characterized by code division multiple access and based on spread spectrum technology, and distinguishes the information transmitted by different users according to their different coding sequences, that is, different waveforms of signals. The soft spread spectrum is to use a special modulation scheme to spread the spectrum of information to broadband transmission. Commonly used commercial spread spectrum technologies mainly include direct sequence spread spectrum and frequency hopping technology. Due to the high pseudo-random code rate, the radio frequency bandwidth is very wide, so it is difficult to meet the system requirements in some cases where the frequency band is limited. The present invention adopts soft spread spectrum technology, and soft spread spectrum refers to a certain slow change of frequency spectrum. It is different from the general direct spread spectrum. The general direct spread is to add the information code and the pseudo-random code modulo two to obtain the extended sequence, and the spread pseudo-random code is much larger than the symbol rate of the information code, while the soft spread Frequency is to use the coding method to complete the expansion of the spread spectrum, that is, use several information symbols to correspond to a pseudo-random code.

Referring to Fig. 4, the soft spread spectrum first inputs the original information into the K-bit shift register sequentially, and then simultaneously inputs the K-bit information symbols into the encoder, and forms a pseudo-random code output with a length of N through soft spread spectrum encoding to replace K-bit information, K-bit information has 2 ^k states, which needs 2 ^k pseudo-random codes of length N to represent, and its spreading ratio is N/K. The key to realizing soft spread spectrum lies in how to choose a suitable pseudo-random code. The selected pseudo-random sequence must not only have good self-correlation characteristics and long periodicity, but also have as many random sequences as possible, because this directly It is related to the networking capability of the system and the utilization rate of spectrum. For this reason, the present invention adopts the GOLD code as the pseudo-random code.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the present invention selects the GOLD pseudo-random code as the spreading code, and performs pseudo-random coding every 8 information codes. This code is composed of two polynomials f(x)=1+x ⁴ +x ⁹ , g(x)=1+x ³ +x with series r=9, length 511, same rate but different codewords The m sequence generated by ⁴ +x ⁶ +x ⁹ is preferably generated after modulo 2 addition. The spread spectrum ratio is 63.8, and the suppression of the carrier is as high as 27.08dB, which can better meet the requirements of spread spectrum technology for anti-jamming and anti-fading.

Referring to Figure 6, the base station controller and vehicle-mounted station include: receiver, transmitter, spread spectrum, despreader, coder, decoder, information processor, and information memory. Among them, the receiver and transmitter are used to realize full-duplex wireless communication; the spread spectrum and despreader use soft spread spectrum and corresponding soft despread to realize signal encryption and enhance the anti-interference ability of the signal; In order to check and correct the road bill information and ensure the accuracy of the information, the information processor completes the formation, framing, deframing and time checking of the road bill; the information memory is mainly used to store the road bill.

With reference to Fig. 7, encoding, decoder of the present invention adopt cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to carry out error detection to road list information; 1-bit error correction; 8*N packet interleaver is used to correct longer burst errors. in:

The (7,4) cyclic code adopts a cyclic code whose generator polynomial is g(x)=x ³ +x+1. This code can correct all one-bit error codes and some two-bit error codes. The block code used in this system is based on the actual needs, on the basis of the (7,4) cyclic code, according to the rule that the code distance is as large as possible, the (8,4) block code is generated by adding a check digit. The corresponding relationship between the code words before and after code encoding is shown in the table. before encoding after encoding before encoding after encoding before encoding after encoding before encoding after encoding 0000 00000001 0001 00010111 0010 00101101 0011 00111010 0100 01001110 0101 01011001 0110 01100010 0111 01110100 1000 10001011 1001 10011100 1010 10100110 1011 10110001 1100 11000101 1101 11010010 1110 11101000 1111 11111110

The 8*N packet interleaving transforms a burst error channel with memory into a random independent error channel basically without memory. Because for wireless fading channels, the occurrence of errors is generally sudden, and a burst error will cause a series of errors, because the error coding technology used in this system can only correct one bit in the 8-bit codeword at a time. Wrong codes cannot solve the problem of correct reception of a series of wrong code words. For this system, through interleaving and de-interleaving technology, a burst error channel with memory is transformed into a random independent error channel without memory. The specific scheme is that the sending end interleaves the encoded data waiting to be sent into an 8×N matrix every 8 bits and one row according to the correct sequence of information, writes in columns when sending, and reads out rows when receiving, so as to convert the burst The channel is transformed into an equivalent random channel. Using this technology can greatly reduce the decoding errors caused by burst errors and improve the accuracy of information transmission.

The CRC uses the CRC-16 code whose generator polynomial is g(x)=1+x ² +x ¹⁵ +x ¹⁶ to calculate the information at the sending end, and its structure is shown in 8. It uses the principle of division and remainder for error detection. In practical applications, the sending device calculates the CRC value and sends it to the receiving device along with the data. The receiving device recalculates the CRC for the received data and compares it with the received CRC. If the two CRC values are different, it means data communication An error occurred in . The following is the calculation process of CRC-16:

1. Set the CRC register and assign FFFF(hex) to it.

2. XOR the first 8-bit character of the data with the lower 8 bits of the 16-bit CRC register, and store the result in the CRC register.

3. The CRC register is shifted one bit to the right, the MSB is filled with zeros, and the LSB is shifted out and checked.

4. If the LSB is 0, repeat the third step; if the LSB is 1, the CRC register and the polynomial code are exclusive or.

5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until all 8 shifts are completed. At this point the first 8-bit data is processed.

6. Repeat steps 2 to 5 until all data are processed.

7. The content of the final CRC register is the CRC value.

The CRC can be used to find all errors whose burst length is less than n-k+1 and some errors whose burst length is greater than or equal to n-k+1.

The multi-channel address generation, soft spread spectrum, encoding, and decoding in the above-mentioned Figures 3, 4, 6, and 7 are all realized by software, that is, in the base station controller of the system, the site generator, and the three-part hardware equipment of the vehicle-mounted station Microprocessors that solidify its multi-channel address generation, soft spread spectrum, encoding and decoding software are respectively installed in it.

Referring to Fig. 9, the wireless data communication process between the station transmitter of the present invention and the vehicle-mounted station is as follows:

The station transmitters along the way periodically send call signals, which include the station information of the station and the road number information of each route passing the station. The vehicle-mounted radio has been in the receiving state during operation, waiting to receive a call signal. Once the vehicle-mounted station enters the communication range of the station transmitter, it establishes a communication link with it to complete the information transmission between them. The vehicle-mounted station judges whether the vehicle enters or exits the station according to whether it receives the transmission signal from the station transmitter, and stores this information as the operation status information at the same time. In the radiation area of the station transmitter, when the vehicle-mounted station receives the CDMA signal sent by the station for the first time, it will detect and identify the site characteristic signal of the line corresponding to the vehicle. record the time at that time, and store it in the external memory of the on-board device as the vehicle's entry time and exit time; This update the outbound information stored in the external memory of the on-board equipment until the signal of the station is not received. At this time, the vehicle's entry time and exit time are accurately recorded in the external memory of the vehicle-mounted station, and together with other information, form the basic information of the road bill.

Referring to Fig. 10, the data communication process between the vehicle-mounted station of the present invention and the base station controller is as follows:

The base station controller performs alternate paging for each bus vehicle according to the driving plan, while the vehicle-mounted station is always in the receiving state during operation, waiting to receive the call signal. When the bus vehicle enters the wireless coverage of the base station controller, the base station controller establishes a full-duplex wireless link between the two according to the address code to complete data exchange. The vehicle-mounted station calls the receiving program cyclically until the call signal from the base station controller is correctly received. At this time, the date information in the call signal is first compared with the date in the external memory of the vehicle-mounted station to determine whether there is a change. If there is a change, the time information of the vehicle-mounted station is corrected based on the time information contained in the call signal at this time. If the vehicle-mounted station correctly receives the information sent by the base station controller for the first time, it will read the clock of the vehicle-mounted station, and record the time at that time, and store it in the external storage of the vehicle-mounted device as the entry time and exit time. At the same time, determine whether there is unsent data in the external memory. If so, establish a communication link with the base station controller, and send vehicle operation information to the base station controller in the form of error detection and retransmission, that is, the vehicle-mounted station first needs to judge whether it has received the ACK signal sent back by the base station controller. , then determine whether the data has been sent, if not, then send the next frame of data, and wait to receive the ACK signal; if not received, then determine whether the NAK signal received from the base station controller has accumulated up to 3 times, if not, then retransmit the original frame data; if NAK signals have been received 3 times in total, or all data has been sent, then return to receive the call signal from the base station controller. Similarly, if the vehicle-mounted station does not correctly receive the transmission information of the base station controller for the first time, it also records the time at that time, and updates the outbound information in the vehicle-mounted station's external storage. Then return to receive the paging signal from the base station controller.

Referring to Figure 11, the data communication process between the base station controller and the base station computer is as follows:

At the beginning of each day, the base station controller is first responsible for receiving the daily dispatch plan from the upper-level main control computer, and judging whether the base station controller has received the RTS signal sent by the upper-level main control computer. If not, it returns to continue receiving; If the base station controller has received the RTS signal from the superior main control computer, then judge whether the base station controller is busy, if busy, the base station controller will not respond; if idle, then return the CTS signal, and communicate with the main control computer Establish a communication connection to receive the car dispatch plan, and then judge whether the CRC check is correct. If it is wrong, count whether the received NAK signal exceeds 3 times. If not, return the NAK signal and establish a communication connection with the main control computer again. If it exceeds 3 times, it will report an error and return to re-receive the RTS signal sent by the superior main control computer; if the CRC check is correct, it will return the ACK signal to complete the data transmission of the car dispatch plan, and the entire transmission process is not affected by other impact of disruption. The base station controller is responsible for sending the vehicle running data stored in its external memory to the main control computer. After the data frame is taken out from the external memory, it is directly sent to the main control computer through the serial port. If the main control computer returns a response ACK signal, the base station controller first judges whether the data has been sent, and then decides whether to send the next frame of data based on this; if it returns a response NAK signal, it resends the original frame of data until it is resent three times. After the final data transmission is completed, the base station controller turns to execute the call procedure for the vehicle-mounted station.

The present invention provides only one embodiment. Apparently, those skilled in the technical field can use the technical idea of the present invention to create many similar electronic billing systems.

Claims (10)

1. An electronic route list system, characterized in that the system comprises: a. The base station controller is used to receive the driving plan of the day from the superior main control computer, and use the time of the main control computer as a reference to the time of the base station controller to process the road list information recorded by the base station controller, And timely transfer to the main control computer; b. Station transmitters, used to send call signals to public transport vehicles; c. The vehicle-mounted station is used to record and store the road list information during the driving of the bus, and upload the information to the base station controller, and correct the time of the vehicle-mounted station according to the time of the base station controller; There is a full-duplex wireless link between the vehicle-mounted station and the base station controller, and data exchange is performed through frame request and response; the wireless one-way data transmission method is adopted between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, by The site transmitter sends site information to the vehicle station; the base station controller and the upper-level main control computer perform bidirectional data exchange through the communication port. 2. The electronic waybill system according to claim 1, characterized in that the site transmitter includes a multi-channel address code generator, a frequency spreader, a modulator, and a transmitter, and through the multi-channel address code generator and the spreader The frequency converter realizes soft spread spectrum, and transmits the station information wirelessly after modulation; the soft spread spectrum adopts a (N, K) code, that is, a pseudo-random code with a length of N is used to replace the K-bit information, and K Bit information has 2 ^k states, which need 2 ^k pseudo-random codes with a length of N to represent, and its spreading ratio is N/K. 3. The electronic route list system according to claim 2, characterized in that the pseudo-random code whose length is N in the soft spread spectrum coding adopts the GOLD code sequence, and the code is composed of two identical lengths, the same rate, but The m-sequence generated by two polynomials with different codewords is preferably formed by adding modulo 2. 4. The electronic road list system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base station controller and the vehicle-mounted station include receivers, transmitters, spread spectrum, despreaders, coders, decoders, information processors, information memory; the receiver and transmitter are used to realize full-duplex wireless information communication; the spread spectrum despreading part realizes the encryption of the signal and enhances the anti-interference ability of the signal; Error and error correction; the information processing system completes the formation, binding, deframing and time proofreading of the waybill; the information storage system is mainly used to store the waybill. 5. The electronic waybill system according to claim 4, characterized in that said encoder and decoder use a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to detect errors in the waybill information, and use a cyclic code based on (7,4) The (8, 4) block code performs 1-bit error correction on the road ticket information, and uses an 8*N block interleaver to correct longer burst errors. 6. The electronic circuit order system according to claim 5, wherein the (7,4) cyclic code adopts a cyclic code whose generator polynomial is g(x)=x ³ +x+1; (8,4 ) block code is generated according to the actual needs, on the basis of (7,4) cyclic code, according to the rule that the code distance is as large as possible; The channel is transformed into a channel with basically no memory and random independent errors, that is, the sending end interleaves the encoded data waiting to be sent according to the correct order of the information into an 8×N matrix per row of 8 bits, and writes it in columns when sending input, and read out ^by row when receiving, so as to transform the burst channel into ^an equivalent random channel ^; information to calculate. 7. A method for real-time control and management of an electronic route list system, characterized in that the method comprises: through data communication between the site transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station, establishing a wireless one-way data transmission channel from the site transmitter to the vehicle-mounted station, by The site transmitter sends site information to the vehicle-mounted station; through the data communication control between the base station controller and the vehicle-mounted station, a full-duplex wireless link between the two is established, and data exchange is performed in the form of frame request and response; through the base station The data communication control between the controller and the upper-level main control computer realizes the two-way data exchange between the two. 8. The control method of the electronic road bill system according to claim 6, wherein the wireless data communication between the station transmitter and the vehicle-mounted station is that the station transmitter periodically sends the station information of the station and the information passed through the station. The road number call information of each route of the station, the vehicle-mounted equipment receives the call signal, and records the time at that time, and stores it in the equipment as the time of entering the station and the time of exiting the station. If the vehicle-mounted station does not receive the call signal for the first time If the sent information is sent, the time at that time will be recorded, and the outbound information stored in the external memory of the on-board equipment will be updated until the signal of the station cannot be received. 9. The control method of the electronic bill system according to claim 6, characterized in that the data communication between the vehicle-mounted station and the base station controller is that when the vehicle-mounted station receives a call signal from the base station controller, it first uses The date information in the call signal is compared and judged with the date in the external memory of the vehicle station. If there is any change, the time information contained in the call signal at this time is used as a reference to correct the time information of the vehicle station; The vehicle-mounted station receives correctly for the first time, and then takes the time at that time as the entry time and exit time and stores it in the external memory of the vehicle-mounted station. If there is unsent data in the external memory, the vehicle-mounted station establishes a The communication link sends information to the base station controller in the form of error detection and retransmission; otherwise, the outbound information in the external memory of the vehicle station is updated at the current time until the vehicle station cannot receive the signal of the base station controller. 10. The control method of the electronic route billing system according to claim 6, characterized in that the data communication between the base station controller and the upper-level main control computer is firstly carried out by the base station controller with the upper-level main control computer through request and response. The computer establishes a communication link, and after error detection by the cyclic redundancy check (CRC), it receives the daily dispatch plan from the upper-level main control computer, and then the base station controller sends the stored data to the upper-level main control computer in the form of error detection and retransmission. After the vehicle running data in its external storage is sent, the base station controller turns to the calling of the vehicle station.

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