CN1349556A

CN1349556A - Hydraulic fluid

Info

Publication number: CN1349556A
Application number: CN00807025A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·J·赫尔米斯; C·W·瓦特逊
Original assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Current assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date: 1999-04-14
Filing date: 2000-04-11
Publication date: 2002-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-11
Also published as: ZA200108402B; JP5378632B2; EP1173534B1; AU3820300A; KR100697579B1; KR20020010602A; WO2000063325A1; AU762520B2; CA2370468A1; EP1173534A1; BR0009738B1; BR0009738A; JP2002542378A; CA2370468C; CN1229477C

Abstract

A hydraulic fluid comprising a lubricant base oil in combination with (a) from 0.001 to 5% wt of magnesium salicylate, (b) from 0.01 to 8% wt of zinc dithiophosphate, and optionally (c) from 0.001 to 5% wt of a dicarboxylic acid or its mono- or di-ester or its mono-amide or di-amide or imide containing in total between 4 and 70 carbon atoms; and an additive package comprising magnesium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate and optionally a dicarboxylic acid or its mono- or di-ester or its mono-amide or di-amide or imide containing in total between 4 and 70 carbon.

Description

Hydraulic fluid

The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic fluid.

Background of invention

WO93/03121 relates to hydraulic fluid, when this oil is exposed to water, and the anti-zinc loss property that it has improved filterableness and has increase.These compositions comprise that (A) is selected from the combination of the metal-salt of sulfonate, phenates, carboxylate salt and composition thereof, (B) aliphatic carboxylic acid or acid anhydrides or its contain the derivative of hydroxy-acid group, wherein this aliphatic group contains at least 20 carbon atoms, and (C) of optional (C) at least a organic phosphoric acid (I) metal-salt or (C) of at least a organic phosphoric acid (I) and at least one hydroxy-acid group (C) mixture (II), and optional (D) triazole.In one embodiment, carboxylic acid (A) is an aromatic carboxylic acid.These aromatic carboxylic acids, particularly salicylic zinc, calcium and magnesium salts are preferred.Though all referred mistake of magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate itself, not instruction about these compounds are used in combination.

WO 89/04358 relates to composition, said composition comprises the neutrality or the alkaline metal salt of (A) acidic organic compound, (B) metal deactivator, be preferably the benzotriazole of nonessential replacement, and (C) be selected from (C-1) and contain phosphamide, (C-2) phosphorus ester, (C-3) sulphur banded dithiocar-bamate, (C-4) sulfur-bearing and/or P contained compound according to the sulfocompound of formula (I).Particularly preferred salt (A) is two or more mixture of sodium salt, magnesium salts, calcium salt or its.In other compound that is further listed in that may occur, that mentions has a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.Though all referred mistake of magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate itself, not instruction about these compounds are used in combination.

EP-A-604 218 has described the functionalization liquid that comprises the oil that has lubricant viscosity in a large number, at least a phosphorodithioic acid metal-salt, Whitfield's ointment zinc salt and rust inhibitor, and this liquid contains less than the dispersion agent of about 1%wt with less than the alkaline sulfonate of about 1%wt.This phosphorodithioic acid is prevailing dialkyl phosphorodithioic acid; This metal most preferably is zinc.The instruction of this document is limited in the use of zinc salicylate.

At US-A-4, in 627,928, a kind of method that is used to prepare alkaline magnesium salicylate has been described, it is characterized in that Mg content is paramount to 500% based on the stoichiometry normal at least 150% of the magnesium of the total acid content that occurs.The magnesium salts that obtains is described to be suitable as common additive, more especially as the additive of the fuel of various lubricating oil and for example gasoline and diesel oil fuel.It is mentioned these special magnesium salicylates and can be used in combination in wide region with other compound.There is not to disclose and be taught in the combination of using zinc dithiophosphate and magnesium salicylate in the hydraulic fluid.

Hydraulic fluid need satisfy as lubricated and transmit the two particular requirement of pressure.For satisfying these requirements, hydraulic fluid includes additive.Usually, hydraulic fluid includes the additive of wear-resistant/extreme pressure.For hydraulic fluid, the condition in vane pump is difficult especially, slides against cylinder with high speed under heavy loading and high temperature in this point of blade.In addition, the High Operating Temperature of the increase of modern hydraulic efficiency installation requires heat of liquid stable with the two the corrosion of the formation of avoiding settling and sludge and anti-iron and non-ferrous metal.Requirement to the good thermal stability in the hydraulic fluid that contains wear preventive additive means that these additives usually are used in combination with purification agent.Yet the calcium salt of the calcium salt of the calcium salt of normally used alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS), the calcium salt of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid, mahogany acid, the calcium salt of alkylphenol, alkyl phenol red or the calcium salt of alkyl salicylate can make wearing and tearing increase.In vane pump, more particularly under low load condition, the increase of these wearing and tearing is obvious especially.In fact, when stopping, pump can produce low load condition.

Brief summary of the invention

At present people's hydraulic fluid of surprisingly finding to contain magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate combination is compared with containing the hydraulic fluid that calcium salicylate makes up, and can improve the performance under the underload.In addition, find that this combination also provides better thermostability.When hydraulic fluid of the present invention was carried out Cincinnati Milacron heat stability test, the sludge and the settling of formation were less.

The invention provides a kind of hydraulic fluid, it comprises a lubricating base oil, the magnesium salicylate that reaches (a) 0.001-5%wt that makes up with it, the zinc dithiophosphate of (b) 0.01-8%wt, and their amount is based on the gross weight of hydraulic fluid.

The detailed description of invention

It can be neutral or overbasic being used for magnesium salicylate of the present invention.Term " high alkalinity " be equivalent to " alkalescence ", " hyperalkaline " (superbased), " parlkaline " (hyperbased) and " high metal content salt " (high-metal containing salts).Magnesium salicylate contains excessive metal, this is excessive be meant with the amount of metal that should exist according to metal with the salicylic stoichiometry of this metal reaction Comparatively speaking.The preparation method of this neutrality and alkaline metal salt is well known in the art.Neutral salt can be by heating under the temperature more than 50 ℃ with the mineral oil solution of acidic organic compound with the normal metal neutralizing agent as metal oxide, oxyhydroxide, carbonate, supercarbonate or sulfide of stoichiometry, and filter the material that obtains and prepare.Basic salt adopts similar method preparation except that use is in excess in stoichiometric metal.

The overbasic magnesium salicylate of preferred use.These compositions characterize with their total basicnumber (TBN).This total basicnumber preferably is at least 100mg KOH/g.More preferably 200mgKOH/g at least most preferably is 300mg KOH/g at least.This total basicnumber preferably mostly is most 600mgKOH/g.Another method that characterizes high alkalinity bigcatkin willow acid magnesium is to characterize with respect to the normal Mg content of stoichiometry magnesium based on the total acid content that occurs.The high alkalinity bigcatkin willow acid magnesium that the present invention uses preferably has greater than the Mg content based on the stoichiometry magnesium normal 500% of the total acid content that occurs, and more preferably at least 550%.

Described salicylate or be substituted or be not substituted.The substituting group that is fit to comprises and contains 1-40 carbon atom and choose aliphatic group and the oh group that contains one or more oxygen and/or nitrogen-atoms wantonly.Preferred substituted is to contain 6-30 carbon atom, preferably contain the alkyl of 12-20 carbon atom.Preferred substituted is linear.This salicylate can contain 1-4, preferred 1-3,1-2 substituting group most preferably.Most preferably this salicylate replaces by a linear alkyl that contains 14-18 carbon atom.

Usually, list-alkyl salicylate is by phenol alkylation and ensuing carboxylated the preparation.The dialkyl group salicylate and the unsubstituted salicylate that a small amount of (being generally maximum 20%mol) therefore, in list-alkylsalicylate, may occur.

Being used for magnesium salicylate of the present invention is commercial available.A kind of suitable commerical prod is SAP 007 (coming from Infineum).This magnesium salicylate usually and mineral oil be used in combination.The consumption of mentioning in the document is relevant with compound itself, and irrelevant with mineral oil.

At US-A-4, a kind of method that can be used for preparing suitable magnesium salicylate has been described in 627,928.

Zinc dithiophosphate is well known in the art.Being used for preferred dithiophosphates of the present invention is expressed from the next:

R wherein ⁸And R ⁹Can be hydrogen or aliphatic group.This aliphatic group is preferably alkyl.Optional acid, hydroxyl and/or the ester group group of comprising of this alkyl.This hydrocarbyl group is preferably and comprises 12 carbon atoms of as many as and the optional alkyl that further comprises acid, hydroxyl and/or ester group group.The dithiophosphates that this alkyl replaces can comprise 1 or 2 aliphatic group, or it can be dithiophosphates with 1 aliphatic group and the mixture with dithiophosphates of 2 aliphatic groups.Preferably, this zinc dithiophosphate is a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.

The dithiophosphates that replaces can contain primary, the second month in a season and/or uncle's aliphatics substituting group, and promptly substituting group is connected with Sauerstoffatom by a carbon atom that links to each other with, two or three other carbon atoms respectively.In the present invention, aliphatics substituting group, the preferred alkyl substituting group of the 60%wt at least of preferred zinc dithiophosphate are that uncle belongs to the aliphatics substituting group.More preferably the aliphatics substituting group of 80%wt is that uncle belongs to the aliphatics substituting group at least.

Commercially available suitable zinc dithiophosphate comprises Elco 108 (coming from Elco company), Lz 1375 (coming from Lubrizol), OLOA 4269Q (coming from Oronite) and HITEC 680 (coming from Ethyl).

Amount based on the magnesium salicylate of the appearance of total composition preferably mostly is most 1%wt, more preferably mostly is most 0.5%wt, most preferably mostly is most 0.3%wt.The amount of the magnesium salicylate that occurs preferably is at least 0.001%wt, more preferably is at least 0.005%wt, more preferably is at least 0.01%wt, most preferably is at least 0.015%wt.Amount based on the zinc dithiophosphate of the appearance of total composition mostly is 5%wt most, more preferably mostly is most 3%wt, most preferably mostly is most 1%wt.The amount of the zinc dithiophosphate that occurs preferably is at least 0.05%wt, more preferably is at least 0.7%wt, more preferably is at least 0.1%wt.

Described hydraulic fluid further comprises (c) rust inhibitor based on the 0.001-5%wt of total composition, preferably contain carboxylic acid or ester or acid amides or imido compound, more preferably di-carboxylic acid or its single-or two-ester or its list-acid amides or two-acid amides or imide, more preferably contain di-carboxylic acid or its ester, acid amides or the imide of 4-70 total carbon atom number.More preferably, the carbonatoms of this compound is 20-40.Preferred compound is aliphatics succinimide or amber diacyl amine.Such compound is as described in the EP-A-776964.

Most preferably, (c) be the compound of 0.001-5%wt according to following formula I:

R wherein ₁And R ₂Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-30 carbon atom or the hydroxyalkyl of 1-30 carbon atom; R ₃, R ₄And R ₅Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-4 carbon atom or the hydroxyalkyl of 1-4 carbon atom; X is CH or N, and R ₆And R ₇Respectively the do for oneself alkenyl of the alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-30 carbon atom or 1-30 carbon atom or derived from the carboxyl groups of the saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid of 30 carbon atoms of as many as.Preferably, R ₁And R ₂Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of 3-6 carbon atom; R ₃, R ₄And R ₅The hydrogen of respectively doing for oneself, X is N and R ₆And R ₇Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of 15-20 carbon atom or derived from the carboxyl groups of the saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that contains 4-10 carbon atom, at least one R ₆And R ₇Be carboxyl groups.Particularly preferably be aspartic acid, N-(3-carboxyl-1-oxygen base-2-propenyl)-octadecyl-two (2-methyl-propyl) ester.Such aspartate is commercial available.The method for preparing this compound is described in EP-A-434 464 to some extent.

The weight ratio that occurs at The compounds of this invention can change in wide region.Preferably, described hydraulic fluid comprises magnesium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate and optional rust inhibitor, their consumption makes that the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate is 1: 5-1: 100, and the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate and rust inhibitor is 1: 0-1: 50.

The lubricating base oil that occurs in hydraulic fluid of the present invention can be any basic liquid that is suitable for hydraulic fluid.This base oil can be natural or the synthetic lubricating base oil, or its mixture.Natural oil can be animal oil or vegetables oil, for example lard or Viscotrol C or as solvent treatment or acid-treated the mineral lubricating oils mineral oil of liquid petroleum oil and alkane, naphthenic or alkane/cycloalkanes mixed type, its can be further by hydrocracking and hydrofinishing process and/or take off cured obtain further refining.Ucon oil comprises hydrocarbon ils and halo hydrocarbon ils, as the alkene of polymerization and copolymerization.Suitable base oil contains poly-alpha-olefin, as poly decene.Preferably, this base oil is a hydrocarbon base oil.More preferably, this basis liquid be contain be less than 10%wt, preferably be less than 5%wt, more preferably less than the mineral oil of the aromatics of 3.0%wt, it is measured according to DIN 51378.What further optimize is that this base oil contains the sulphur (calculating with elementary sulfur) that is less than 1.0%wt, preferably is less than 0.1%wt, more preferably less than 0.05%wt, measures according to ASTM D 4045.These mineral oil can prepare by the severe hydroprocessing.Preferably, this lubricating oil is 5-220cSt in 40 ℃ kinematic viscosity, and more preferably 10-200cSt most preferably is 20-100cSt.

Can further contain the additive that appears at usually in the hydraulic fluid, for example pour point reducer, kilfoam and emulsion splitter according to hydraulic fluid of the present invention.Pour point reducer is generally has high molecular weight polymers, for example alkyl aromatic polymkeric substance and polymethacrylate.Normally used kilfoam is siloxane polymer and/or polymethacrylate.Normally used emulsion splitter is the polymethylene binary alcohol esters.In addition, can further use purification agent, metal deactivator, as the antioxidant of phenolic compound, pentanoic and phenyl naphthyl amines, as the ash-free antiwear agent and/or the ashless dispersant of succinimide as sulfonate and phenates.

Hydraulic fluid of the present invention contains magnesium salicylate.In particular applications, the combination that this liquid contains magnesium salicylate and calcium salicylate is favourable.

Component of the present invention itself can be joined in the lubricating oil, or before in adding lubricating oil, they are mixed in the additive packing.For this additive packing preferred package of preparation hydraulic fluid contain magnesium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate and the optional di-carboxylic acid that contains 4-70 total carbon atom or its single-or two-ester or its list-acid amides or two-acid amides or imide, wherein the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate is 1: 5-1: 100, and magnesium salicylate and di-carboxylic acid or its single-or two-ester or its list-acid amides or two-acid amides or imido weight ratio be 1: 0-1: 50.

Embodiment

Contain the preparation of the prescription of following additive:

Magnesium salicylate: have total basicnumber 337mg KOH/g (SAP 007, comes from INFINEUM) and have based on normal about 750% the Mg content of the stoichiometry magnesium of total acid content, contain the high alkalinity magnesium alkylsalicylate of the mineral oil of 40%wt;

Calcium salicylate: have total basicnumber 168mg KOH/g (SAP 001, comes from INFINEUM), comprise the high alkalinity alkyl sodium salicylate of 40%wt mineral oil.

The amount of the metal salicylate salt of mentioning in the table 1 is the amount that does not comprise the metal salicylate salt of mineral oil itself.

Zinc dithiophosphate: two (ethylhexyl) zinc dithiophosphate (Elco 108, come from Elco company);

Compound according to formula I: aspartic acid, N-(3-carboxyl-1-oxygen base-2-propenyl)-N-octadecyl, two (2-methyl-propyl) ester.

These compounds are added to contain be less than the 1.0%wt aromatics, be less than 0.05%wt sulphur (by elementary sulfur calculating) and have in the lubricating base oil that kinematic viscosity is 32cSt (40 ℃) (ISO viscosity grade 32).

The composition that obtains is as described in Table 1.Consumption is the amount of the compound except that mineral oil itself.

Composition 1 and 2 is carried out Vickers V104C vane pump test.In each test, use new pump barrel.Test is that 35 crust (3.5MPa) and pump speed are to carry out 250 hours under the condition of per minute 1450 commentaries on classics at about 66 ℃ of fluid temperature, liquid exit pressure.The result is as described in Table 1:

Table 1

	Composition 1	Composition 2
	Composition 1	Composition 2	Magnesium salicylate	????0.06％wt	????--
Calcium salicylate	????--	????0.06％wt	Magnesium salicylate	????0.06％wt	????--
Calcium salicylate	????--	????0.06％wt	Zinc dithiophosphate	????0.37％wt	????0.37％wt
Formula I compound	????0.10％wt	????0.10％wt	Zinc dithiophosphate	????0.37％wt	????0.37％wt
Formula I compound	????0.10％wt	????0.10％wt	Lubricating base oil	Surplus	Surplus
The underload test			Lubricating base oil	Surplus	Surplus
The underload test			Ring weight loss (mg)	????13	????96
Leaf weight loss (mg)	????2	????1	Ring weight loss (mg)	????13	????96
Leaf weight loss (mg)	????2	????1	Total weight loss (mg)	????15	????97

Clearly visible from table 1, the composition that the composition ratio that contains magnesium salicylate (1) contains calcium salicylate (2) can provide better wear-resistant protection.Ring weight loss that takes place when using composition 1 and total weight loss are significantly less than the loss that takes place when using composition 2.The blade loss of two kinds of compositions is similar.

Claims

1, a kind of hydraulic fluid, it comprise lubricating base oil and with it the combination

(a) magnesium salicylate of 0.001-5%wt,

(b) zinc dithiophosphate of 0.01-8%wt.

2, according to the hydraulic fluid of claim 1, it further comprises, and (c) contains the dicarboxylic acid of 0.001-5%wt of 4-70 total carbon atom or it is single-or two-ester or its list-acid amides or two-acid amides or imide.

3, according to the hydraulic fluid of claim 2, wherein (c) is the compound according to following formula I: R wherein ₁And R ₂Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-30 carbon atom or the hydroxyalkyl of 1-30 carbon atom; R ₃, R ₄And R ₅Respectively the do for oneself alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-4 carbon atom or the hydroxyalkyl of 1-4 carbon atom; X is CH or N, and R ₆And R ₇Respectively the do for oneself alkenyl of the alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-30 carbon atom or 1-30 carbon atom or derived from the carboxyl groups of the saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid of 30 carbon atoms of as many as.

4, the hydraulic fluid one of any according to claim 1-3, it comprises magnesium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate and the optional compound according to formula I, and their consumption is 1 for the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate wherein and zinc dithiophosphate: 5-1: 100 and the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate and rust inhibitor be 1: 0-1: 50.

5, the hydraulic fluid one of any according to claim 1-4, it further comprises pour point reducer, kilfoam and/or emulsion splitter.

6, be used to prepare the additive packing of hydraulic fluid, this additive packing comprise magnesium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate and the optional di-carboxylic acid that contains 4-70 total carbon atom or its single-or two-ester or its list-acid amides or two-acid amides or imide, wherein the weight ratio of magnesium salicylate and zinc dithiophosphate is 1: 5-1: 100, and magnesium salicylate and di-carboxylic acid or its single-or two-ester or its monoamide or two-acid amides or imido weight ratio be 1: 0-1: 50.