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CN1330583C - Method for removing ammonia and nitrogen in raw water with powdery zeolite - Google Patents

Method for removing ammonia and nitrogen in raw water with powdery zeolite Download PDF

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CN1330583C
CN1330583C CNB2004100990243A CN200410099024A CN1330583C CN 1330583 C CN1330583 C CN 1330583C CN B2004100990243 A CNB2004100990243 A CN B2004100990243A CN 200410099024 A CN200410099024 A CN 200410099024A CN 1330583 C CN1330583 C CN 1330583C
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zeolite
raw water
ammonia nitrogen
water
turbidity
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CN1644500A (en
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乐林生
高乃云
康兰英
董秉直
鲍士荣
夏丽华
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Shanghai Running Water North City Co ltd
Shanghai Tongji Asset Management Ltd
Shanghai National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co Ltd
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Shanghai Waterworks Shibei Technology Co Ltd
Tongji University
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Abstract

粉末沸石去除原水中氨氮的方法,涉及一种去除原水中氨氮的工艺。先将粉末沸石与水搅拌混合配制成2-3%重量百分比的沸石粉末水溶液。然后将配制好的上述水溶液和混凝剂投加到待处理原水中,投加量是100-500mg/L粉末沸石和20-30mg/L混凝剂,混合搅拌10-30秒。接着将经过混凝吸附的原水泵入沉淀池内沉淀5-10分钟。最后进入砂滤池,以8-10米/小时滤速从砂滤池中出来的出水,经检测其氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.3-0.6NTU,完全符合国家饮用水标准。沉淀池底留下的滤渣当污泥排放。本发明工艺简单且避免了沸石粉末的再生;成本低廉,仅为粒状沸石的1/3~1/4;能在低温状态快速有效地去除浊度较低的原水中的氨氮,效果是粒状沸石的250%~400%。本发明可适用于各饮用水处理厂。

Figure 200410099024

A method for removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water by powdered zeolite relates to a process for removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water. Stirring and mixing the powdered zeolite and water to prepare a 2-3% by weight aqueous solution of the zeolite powder. Then add the prepared above-mentioned aqueous solution and coagulant into the raw water to be treated, the dosage is 100-500 mg/L powdered zeolite and 20-30 mg/L coagulant, and mix and stir for 10-30 seconds. Then pump the coagulated and adsorbed raw water into the sedimentation tank for 5-10 minutes. Finally, it enters the sand filter, and the effluent from the sand filter at a filtration rate of 8-10 m/h has been tested to have an ammonia nitrogen content of less than 0.5 mg/L and a turbidity of 0.3-0.6 NTU, which fully meets the national drinking water standards. . The filter residue left at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is discharged as sludge. The process of the invention is simple and avoids the regeneration of zeolite powder; the cost is low, only 1/3 to 1/4 of granular zeolite; it can quickly and effectively remove ammonia nitrogen in raw water with low turbidity at low temperature, and the effect is that granular zeolite 250% to 400% of that. The invention can be applied to various drinking water treatment plants.

Figure 200410099024

Description

粉末沸石去除原水中氨氮的方法Method for Removing Ammonia Nitrogen from Raw Water by Powdered Zeolite

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种去除原水中氨氮的工艺,该工艺能在去除原水中氨氮的同时强化混凝技术,因此特别适用于浊度较低,氨氮浓度较高的天然原水的脱氨氮工艺,属于强化常规饮用水处理技术。The invention relates to a process for removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water. The process can strengthen coagulation technology while removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water, so it is especially suitable for the process of removing ammonia nitrogen in natural raw water with low turbidity and high concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Conventional drinking water treatment technology.

背景技术Background technique

饮用水水源受到污染的一个重要标志是水体中氨氮浓度的增加。虽然氨氮本身不直接对人体健康造成危害,但它的存在会对水质和处理工艺造成影响,因此,去除原水中氨氮的技术也是当前饮用水处理技术的研究重点。An important indicator of the pollution of drinking water sources is the increase of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body. Although ammonia nitrogen itself does not directly cause harm to human health, its existence will affect water quality and treatment processes. Therefore, the technology of removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water is also the focus of current research on drinking water treatment technology.

目前,常用于去除原水中氨氮的工艺主要有生化法、吹脱法、折点加氯法和吸附法四种。生化法是目前广泛采用的去除氨氮最有效的工艺,主要有接触氧化法和臭氧生物活性炭法。接触氧化法需要较大的处理构筑物,投资大,而且去除氨氮的效果受水温影响很大,冬季低温时去除效果差,因此,对于南方冬季水中氨氮较高或北方地区,这种工艺的应用受到限制。臭氧生物活性炭投资很大,而且冬季仍然有去除氨氮效果差的缺点。At present, there are four main processes commonly used to remove ammonia nitrogen in raw water: biochemical method, stripping method, breakpoint chlorination method and adsorption method. Biochemical method is currently the most effective process for removing ammonia nitrogen widely used, mainly including contact oxidation method and ozone biological activated carbon method. The contact oxidation method requires a large treatment structure and a large investment, and the effect of removing ammonia nitrogen is greatly affected by the water temperature, and the removal effect is poor when the temperature is low in winter. limit. Ozone biological activated carbon has a large investment, and it still has the disadvantage of poor removal of ammonia nitrogen in winter.

吹脱法在环境温度低于0℃时,氨吹脱塔就无法工作,而且水中碳酸钙垢在吹脱塔的填料中沉积,会导致吹脱效率降低。In the blow-off method, when the ambient temperature is lower than 0°C, the ammonia blow-off tower cannot work, and the calcium carbonate scale in the water is deposited in the packing of the blow-off tower, which will reduce the blow-off efficiency.

折点加氯是净水厂常用的去除氨氮方法,但折点加氯会大大增加氯的投加量,增加制水成本,而且水中的消毒副产物含量也会大大增加,影响饮用水水质。Breakpoint chlorination is a commonly used method for removing ammonia nitrogen in water purification plants, but breakpoint chlorination will greatly increase the dosage of chlorine, increase the cost of water production, and the content of disinfection by-products in water will also greatly increase, affecting drinking water quality.

吸附法中有一种利用沸石去除氨氮的技术。沸石在我国分布广泛,储量大,价格低廉,因此,利用沸石去除氨氮具有很好的应用前景。目前,对于沸石的应用和研究是采用0.6-1.6毫米粒径的粒状沸石作为滤料进行过滤和吸附,使原水中的氨氮含量降低。虽然粒状沸石去除氨氮的效果较好,但不足之处在于吸附容量较小,导致在较短的时间内失效,再生周期短。因此,粒状沸石在实际应用中存在较大问题,例如,需要反复再生,这不仅导致制水成本高,而且对生产管理上也有很大的影响。又如为了延长沸石再生周期,采用臭氧生物沸石工艺,但由于沸石的比表面积大大低于活性炭,因此,这种工艺的去除效果不如臭氧生物活性炭工艺(该工艺投资大、低温效果差),而且其投资和运行成本也较高。One of the adsorption methods uses zeolite to remove ammonia nitrogen. Zeolite is widely distributed in my country, with large reserves and low price. Therefore, the use of zeolite to remove ammonia nitrogen has a good application prospect. At present, the application and research of zeolite is to use granular zeolite with a particle size of 0.6-1.6 mm as the filter material for filtration and adsorption, so as to reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in raw water. Although granular zeolite has a good effect on removing ammonia nitrogen, its disadvantage is that its adsorption capacity is small, which leads to failure in a short period of time and a short regeneration cycle. Therefore, granular zeolite has major problems in practical application, for example, it needs to be regenerated repeatedly, which not only leads to high cost of water production, but also has a great influence on production management. Another example is to prolong the regeneration cycle of zeolite, adopt ozone biological zeolite process, but because the specific surface area of zeolite is much lower than activated carbon, therefore, the removal effect of this process is not as good as ozone biological activated carbon process (this process has large investment and poor low temperature effect), and Its investment and operating costs are also relatively high.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种工艺简单、成本低廉、能有效地去除浊度较低的原水中的氨氮的方法,该方法克服了原水中氨氮浓度季节性变化和浊度较低引起的去除氨氮效果差的缺点,保证了饮用水水质。The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of process simple, with low cost, can effectively remove the method for the ammonia nitrogen in the raw water with lower turbidity, this method overcomes the ammonia nitrogen concentration seasonal variation and turbidity in the raw water and removes ammonia nitrogen The disadvantage of poor effect ensures the quality of drinking water.

为了实现上述目的,本发明在对沸石吸附机理的长期研究后,采用了如下的技术方案:首先,采用平均粒径为10-14μm的粉末状沸石,将粉末沸石与水搅拌混合配制成2-3%重量百分比的沸石粉末水溶液。然后将配制好的沸石粉末水溶液以及混凝剂投加到氨氮浓度为1-2mg/L,浊度为5-10NTU的待处理原水中,投加量可根据原水水质的氨氮含量加以调节,每升上述待处理原水投加100-500mg沸石粉末,同时还投加20-30mg混凝剂,混合搅拌10-30秒。接着将经过混凝吸附反应的原水泵入沉淀池内进行沉淀,在沉淀池内停留时间为5-10分钟。最后进入砂滤池,以8-10米/小时滤速从砂滤池中出来的处理好的出水,经检测,该出水的氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.3-0.6NTU,完全符合国家饮用水标准。沉淀池底留下的滤渣当污泥排放,避免了再生问题。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme after long-term research on the adsorption mechanism of zeolite: firstly, the powdered zeolite with an average particle diameter of 10-14 μm is used to stir and mix the powdered zeolite with water to prepare 2- 3% by weight aqueous solution of zeolite powder. Then add the prepared zeolite powder aqueous solution and coagulant into the raw water to be treated with an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1-2mg/L and a turbidity of 5-10NTU. The dosage can be adjusted according to the ammonia nitrogen content of the raw water quality. Add 100-500 mg of zeolite powder and 20-30 mg of coagulant to the raw water to be treated, and mix and stir for 10-30 seconds. Then pump the raw water that has undergone the coagulation and adsorption reaction into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the residence time in the sedimentation tank is 5-10 minutes. Finally, it enters the sand filter, and the treated effluent comes out of the sand filter at a filtration rate of 8-10 m/h. After testing, the ammonia nitrogen content of the effluent is lower than 0.5mg/L, and the turbidity is 0.3-0.6NTU. In full compliance with national drinking water standards. The filter residue left at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is discharged as sludge, which avoids the problem of regeneration.

本发明具有如下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:

1.由于本发明采用了沸石粉末,当进水的氨氮浓度为2mg/L,出水氨氮浓度为0.4mg/L时,重量为100g的粉末沸石的离子交换量可达70mmol,而同样重量的粒状沸石的离子交换量仅为14~20mmol,因此本发明采用粉末沸石的去除氨氮的效果是粒状沸石的250%~400%。1. Because the present invention has adopted zeolite powder, when the ammonia nitrogen concentration of influent is 2mg/L, and when the ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is 0.4mg/L, the ion exchange capacity of the powder zeolite that weighs 100g can reach 70mmol, and the same weight granular The ion exchange capacity of the zeolite is only 14-20 mmol, so the ammonia nitrogen removal effect of the powder zeolite in the present invention is 250%-400% of that of the granular zeolite.

2.对于浊度较低的原水,由于颗粒碰撞次数减少,混凝效果差。本发明投加粉末沸石可提高颗粒碰撞速率并增加絮凝体密度,提高混凝效果。因此即使在低温状态,也能使浊度较低的原水中的氨氮去除效果达标。2. For raw water with low turbidity, the coagulation effect is poor due to the reduced number of particle collisions. The addition of powdered zeolite in the present invention can increase the particle collision rate, increase the density of flocs, and improve the coagulation effect. Therefore, even at low temperature, the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen in raw water with low turbidity can reach the standard.

3.由于本发明还加入了少量混凝剂,粉末沸石和混凝具有协同作用,可以更好地发挥去除氨氮的效果,因为水中的大分子有机物对沸石去除氨氮有影响,混凝可以有效地去除大分子有机物,提高去除氨氮效果;同时粉末沸石可增加絮凝体的密度,促进混凝。因此本发明的工艺能强化混凝,降低出水浊度,使浊度较低的原水也能达到氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.3-0.6NTU。3. Since the present invention also adds a small amount of coagulant, powdered zeolite and coagulation have a synergistic effect, and can better exert the effect of removing ammonia nitrogen, because macromolecular organic matter in water has an impact on zeolite removal of ammonia nitrogen, coagulation can effectively Remove macromolecular organic matter and improve the effect of ammonia nitrogen removal; at the same time, powdered zeolite can increase the density of flocs and promote coagulation. Therefore, the process of the present invention can strengthen coagulation, reduce the turbidity of effluent, and make the raw water with lower turbidity lower than 0.5 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen and 0.3-0.6 NTU.

4.市场上销售的粒状沸石和粉末沸石的价格基本相同,大约每吨为1000元人民币。如果不考虑粒状沸石的再生费用,在去除相同量的氨氮情况下,粉末沸石去除氨氮的费用仅为粒状沸石的1/3~1/4,具有可贵的经济效益。4. The prices of granular zeolite and powdered zeolite sold in the market are basically the same, about 1,000 yuan per ton. If the regeneration cost of granular zeolite is not considered, under the condition of removing the same amount of ammonia nitrogen, the cost of removing ammonia nitrogen by powdered zeolite is only 1/3-1/4 of that of granular zeolite, which has valuable economic benefits.

5.由于本发明采用粉末沸石吸附水中的氨氮,不需要增加构筑物和设备,就能够有效地应对季节性氨氮浓度的变化,取得较好的去除效果,而且可以根据原水水质随时调整粉末沸石投加量,因此具有节省一次性投资和降低运行费用的优点。5. Since the present invention uses powdered zeolite to adsorb ammonia nitrogen in water, it can effectively cope with seasonal changes in ammonia nitrogen concentration without adding structures and equipment, and achieve a better removal effect, and can adjust powdered zeolite dosage at any time according to the raw water quality Therefore, it has the advantages of saving one-time investment and reducing operating costs.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图Fig. 1 is the technological process schematic diagram of the present invention

具体实施方式Detailed ways

首先,本发明采用的粉末沸石为浙江缙云沸石,其主要的理化性质如下表:First of all, the powdered zeolite used in the present invention is Zhejiang Jinyun zeolite, and its main physical and chemical properties are as follows:

物理指标physical index

    比重 specific gravity     2.16 2.16     孔径 Aperture     3.5~4埃 3.5~4 Angstroms     硬度 Hardness     3~4 3~4     比表面积 Specific surface area     70m3/g70m 3 /g     热稳定性 Thermal stability     750℃ 750℃     硅铝比   Si-aluminum ratio     4.25~5.25 4.25~5.25     300℃活化后吸水量  Water absorption after activation at 300°C     12克/100克 12g/100g     平均粒径 The average particle size     10-14μm 10-14μm

实施例1Example 1

先配制沸石粉末水溶液,采用上表中的平均粒径为14μm的粉末状沸石,按照粉末沸石∶水=2∶100重量百分比配制成浓度为2%的沸石粉末水溶液。然后将配制好的沸石粉末水溶液用泵投加到混合池内的氨氮浓度为2mg/L,浊度为5NTU的待处理原水中,投加量是500mg/L,即每升待处理原水投加500mg粉末沸石制成的沸石粉末水溶液,同时还投加混凝剂(市售的明矾)30mg/L,即每升待处理原水投加30mg明矾,混合搅拌10秒就完成了吸附混凝。接着将经过混凝吸附反应的原水泵入沉淀池内进行沉淀,在沉淀池内停留时间为5分钟完成沉淀分离。由于粉末沸石粒径小,吸附氨氮速度快,所以能快速完成对氨氮的吸附,同时又增加了明矾的投加,所以能够在去除氨氮的同时有效减少混凝絮凝体的沉降时间。最后通过砂滤池过滤,以8米/小时滤速出来的出水经检测发现,其氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.3mg/L,完全符合国家饮用水标准。沉淀池底部的滤渣当污泥排放,避免了再生问题。Prepare the zeolite powder aqueous solution first, adopt the powdered zeolite with an average particle diameter of 14 μm in the table above, and prepare the zeolite powder aqueous solution with a concentration of 2% according to powder zeolite: water=2:100 weight percent. Then pump the prepared zeolite powder aqueous solution into the raw water to be treated with an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 2mg/L and a turbidity of 5NTU in the mixing tank. The dosage is 500mg/L, that is, 500mg per liter of raw water to be treated The zeolite powder aqueous solution made of powdered zeolite is also added with a coagulant (commercially available alum) 30mg/L at the same time, that is, 30mg of alum is added per liter of raw water to be treated, and the adsorption coagulation is completed after mixing and stirring for 10 seconds. Then the raw water that has undergone coagulation and adsorption reaction is pumped into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the residence time in the sedimentation tank is 5 minutes to complete the sedimentation and separation. Due to the small particle size of powdered zeolite and the fast adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen can be completed quickly, and at the same time the addition of alum is increased, so it can effectively reduce the settling time of coagulation flocs while removing ammonia nitrogen. Finally, it is filtered through a sand filter, and the effluent at a filtration rate of 8 m/h is found to have an ammonia nitrogen content of less than 0.5 mg/L and a turbidity of 0.3 mg/L, which fully meets the national drinking water standards. The filter residue at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is discharged as sludge, which avoids regeneration problems.

实施例2Example 2

配制沸石粉末水溶液时采用上述的平均粒径为10μm的粉末状沸石,按照粉末沸石∶水=3∶100重量百分比配制成沸石粉末水溶液。然后将配制好的沸石粉末水溶液以及混凝剂三氯化铁投加到氨氮浓度为1mg/L,浊度为10NTU的待处理原水中,投加量是100mg/L,即每升待处理原水投加100mg粉末沸石制成的沸石粉末水溶液,同时还投加混凝剂三氯化铁20mg/L,即每升待处理原水投加20mg三氯化铁,混合搅拌时间30秒。接着将经过混凝吸附反应的原水泵入沉淀池内进行沉淀,停留时间为10分钟。最后通过砂滤池以10米/小时滤速出来的出水经检测发现其氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.6mg/L,完全符合国家饮用水标准。沉淀池底部的滤渣当污泥排放,避免了再生问题。本发明的工艺缩短了混凝絮凝体的沉降时间,因此减小了构筑物尺寸或增加处理水量。When preparing the zeolite powder aqueous solution, the above-mentioned powdered zeolite with an average particle diameter of 10 μm is used to prepare the zeolite powder aqueous solution according to powder zeolite:water=3:100 weight percent. Then add the prepared zeolite powder aqueous solution and coagulant ferric chloride into the raw water to be treated with the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1mg/L and the turbidity of 10NTU. The dosage is 100mg/L, that is, every liter of raw water to be treated Add 100mg of zeolite powder aqueous solution made of powdered zeolite, and also add 20mg/L of coagulant ferric chloride, that is, add 20mg of ferric chloride per liter of raw water to be treated, and mix for 30 seconds. Then the raw water that has undergone coagulation and adsorption reaction is pumped into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the residence time is 10 minutes. Finally, the effluent from the sand filter with a filtration rate of 10 m/h was tested and found that the ammonia nitrogen content was lower than 0.5 mg/L, and the turbidity was 0.6 mg/L, which fully complied with the national drinking water standard. The filter residue at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is discharged as sludge, which avoids regeneration problems. The process of the present invention shortens the settling time of coagulated flocs, thereby reducing the size of structures or increasing the amount of treated water.

Claims (1)

1.粉末沸石去除原水中氨氮的方法,其特征在于:首先,将平均粒径为10-14μm的粉末沸石与水搅拌混合配制成2-3%重量百分比的沸石粉末水溶液;然后,将配制好的沸石粉末水溶液以及混凝剂投加到氨氮浓度为1-2mg/L,浊度为5-10NTU的待处理原水中,投加量为每升待处理原水中投加100-500mg沸石粉末和20-30mg混凝剂,混合搅拌10-30秒;接着,将经过混凝吸附反应的原水泵入沉淀池内进行沉淀,在沉淀池内停留时间为5-10分钟;最后,进入砂滤池,以8-10米/小时滤速从砂滤池中出来的处理好的出水的氨氮含量低于0.5mg/L,浊度为0.3-0.6NTU,完全符合国家饮用水标准,沉淀池底留下的滤渣当污泥排放。1. The method for removing ammonia nitrogen in raw water by powdered zeolite is characterized in that: firstly, the powdered zeolite with an average particle diameter of 10-14 μm is mixed with water to prepare a 2-3% by weight aqueous solution of zeolite powder; then, the prepared The zeolite powder aqueous solution and coagulant are added to the raw water to be treated with an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1-2mg/L and a turbidity of 5-10NTU. The dosage is 100-500mg of zeolite powder per liter of raw water to be treated and 20-30mg coagulant, mixed and stirred for 10-30 seconds; then, the raw water that has undergone coagulation and adsorption reaction is pumped into the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the residence time in the sedimentation tank is 5-10 minutes; finally, it enters the sand filter tank to 8-10 m/h filtration rate The ammonia nitrogen content of the treated effluent from the sand filter is lower than 0.5mg/L, and the turbidity is 0.3-0.6NTU, which fully meets the national drinking water standard. The filter residue is discharged as sludge.
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