CN1328964A - Transient seawater desalination plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an instantaneous desalination equipment for sea water, and is characterized by that by utilizing the features of that the salt molecules in seawater do not involve in evaporation process, it adopts an explosive to make directional explosion and utilizes the lots of high-temp. superhigh-pressure high-speed gas produced by large energy released by explosion to strenuously impact and decompose seawater to make seasater strongly rapid-expand and atomize to form high-density foamed suspended liquid drops and make the specific weight difference of its vapour and liquid enlarge by several times. The mixed liquor with different specific weight which is instantaneously separated and isolated can be introduced into a quick cooling chamber, and quickly cooled to form fresh water.

Description

Transient seawater desalination plant

The present invention relates to the desalination of seawater ultra-high speed, especially the transient seawater desalination plant of forming by explosion chamber, high-temperature chamber, lighter for ignition, explosive, interior cap valve, isolation one-way cock, gas-liquid discharge orifice, quick cooling chamber, spiral coil cooling tube, water pump etc.

The method for desalting seawater of home and abroad employing at present is many, covert method: method of evaporation, distillation method, method of cooling; Membrane separation process: reverse osmosis method, electroosmose process; The chemical equilibrium method: main three major types type such as ion exchange method, hydration method, solvent extration, technological precedence at present also be to use maximum to be to dodge anxious distillation method, to account for 70% of world today's sea water desaltination ultimate production.Dodging anxious distillation method is exactly to utilize the boiling point of water to reduce this characteristic with pressure, seawater is heated in pipeline, guide to then in the lower evaporator room of pressure, the high temperature seawater that is introduced into will evaporate rapidly between in an instant, and the steam of generation obtains condensation and causes fresh water outside the pipeline that Mare Frigoris water is housed.(need carry out the repetition more piece and dodge and to heat up in a steamer, reached at present need again and again repeat to dodge heat up in a steamer operation 30 more pieces/time, the huge efficient of equipment is lower).Its shortcoming is: facility investment is many, and the seawater internal circulating load is big, the system water yield is little, the low process cost of enrichment factor is higher.(need large batch of seawater to make, get only 1 part of fresh water, but will produce 9 parts of concentrated seawaters that pollution is arranged).

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of deflation isolator for ultrahigh-speed seawater desalination, it is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, volume is little, incrustation scale is few, easy to use, system water express train, go out fresh water amount very high (approximately 80% fresh water, only produce about 20% strong brine or about 4% saline crystallization body).

In order to achieve the above object, solution of the present invention is: utilize salt quasi-molecule in the seawater all not participate in this characteristic of carburation by evaporation process, it is quick-fried to adopt (safe, nontoxic, free of contamination) explosive orientation in seawater to put, and blast discharges huge energy and produces a large amount of ultrahigh-temperature, superpressure, high-speed gas severe impact decomposition seawater.(make water liquid cause ultrahigh-temperature and the compression of strong superpressure earlier in moment, instant decompression is put quick-friedly then, and high temperature expands.) make the strong sharply ultrahigh-temperature expansion vaporization between in an instant of water liquid form high-density foaming hanging drop, the long-pending manyfold that sharply expand into of water liquid increases, proportion becomes manyfold to alleviate rapidly, the difference in specific gravity that makes its vapour and liquid enlarges difference in specific gravity and travelling speed between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule to greatest extent apart from widening manyfold.(supersonic velocity propagation) ejects strong brine outside the container under the effect of ultra-high speed superpressure wave surging force then, isolate high-density in moment, the high temperature aerosol suspension is dripped with strong brine (or saline crystallization body) and moment in they are kept apart.The quick cooling condensation of Mare Frigoris water that the high temperature mixed solution is imported in the pipe that is cooled in the quick cooling chamber becomes fresh water.Adopt in seawater, the explode difference in specific gravity of vapour and liquid of explosive to isolate in moment also that moment isolates, reach the purpose of ultra-high speed instantaneous seawater desalination.

Seawater fresh water molecule in high temperature volatilizees easily, and proportion, a distance change bigger; The salt quasi-molecule is difficult for volatilization, and proportion, a distance change less.Adopt explosive in seawater, explode (seawater in high-boiling, the fresh water molecule is owing to contain more volatile components easily by high-temperature evaporation, thus along with the volume of the rising water liquid of temperature and proportion variation very greatly; It is owing to contain more difficult volatiles that the salt quasi-molecule is difficult for by high-temperature evaporation, so along with the volume and the proportion of the rising strong brine liquid of temperature changes very little.) water liquid discharges huge energy during by explosion and produce that a large amount of high temperature, over-pressure gas high speed impact are strong sharply to decompose vaporization, water liquid is strong in moment sharply expands, collision of molecules power sharply increases, high temperature, superpressure, high speed wave break through gap between the liquid water molecule with the pressure pressure that surpasses the external atmosphere pressure manyfold, high temperature, superpressure, high-speed gas are fallen over each other and are squeezed outward, drop is swollen at once in all directions come, intermolecular distance becomes manyfold to increase to form the diffusion of sharply expanding of vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop.Salt molecular water liquid owing to be difficult for is evaporated the particle drop that vaporization forms maximum particle and is got farthest by ram-jet.Reach the difference in specific gravity that enlarges to greatest extent between salt quasi-molecule and the fresh water molecule, vapour separates with liquid under the effect of high speed wave surging force, make the particle strong brine of its proportion maximum in moment, be ejected at outermost, reach in moment isolating purpose and will keep apart in their moments.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: in injecting the closed explosion chamber of seawater pre-hot sea water transport pipe water-in, lighter for ignition, explosive (cartridge bag), make-up gas one-way cock are set, externally high temperature mixed solution discharge tube is set and is communicated with water pump; (can adopt the free of contamination explosive of safety non-toxic, blasting explosive package is positioned in the seawater of waterproof, and interior cap valve can be an auto-closing putting after quick-fried.) high-temperature chamber is large-scale sealing steel cylinder formula container, water liquid is fully vaporized enlarge stereoscopic and omnibearing generating surface, built-in isolation one-way cock, gas-liquid discharge orifice to greatest extent; It is the high air-sensitive induction time-delay auto-closing switch one-way cock of only export but no import that the isolation one-way cock can adopt the magnetic valve working forms; Gas and liquid discharge orifice are for discharging a large amount of unnecessary gas and the discharge orifice of strong brine; The make-up gas check valve is can to work automatically when in explosion chamber, high-temperature chamber negative pressure having taken place, in time automatic supplementary air; Quick cooling chamber is that the closed built-in overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer of filling with Mare Frigoris water is convenient to quick cooling, cooling room top is provided with two apertures, one aperture is: high temperature mixed solution admission port is communicated with water pump, another aperture is: pre-hot sea water water outlet, the bottom also is provided with two apertures, one aperture is: the fresh water water outlet, another aperture is: Mare Frigoris water replenishes the liquid water-in and is communicated with water pump.

The workflow of transient seawater desalination plant is: 1, put the blasting powders blast in seawater: open Mare Frigoris water inlet valve earlier, with Mare Frigoris water in the seawater pond replenish liquid by the water pump force feed to the built-in water-cooled tube of quick cooling chamber, because the overlapping snakelike water-cooled tube of multilayer is immersed in the cooling room of filling the high temperature mixed solution, can obtain step by step from bottom to top preheating (water temperature Yue Keda is more than 90 degrees centigrade).Open (being equipped with explosive) pre-hot sea water inlet valve of explosion chamber again and import in the explosion chamber body, when the preheating sea level fluctuations reaches about 90% water level, the pre-hot sea water water inlet valve of switch off the pump simultaneously switch and explosion chamber and Mare Frigoris water inlet valve.Can put quick-fried blast by opening point firearm fired charge (explosive is positioned in the seawater), water liquid discharges a large amount of ultrahigh-temperature of huge energy generation, superpressure, high-speed gas in by moment is changed by the strong hop states of matter of sharply decomposing of high speed impact in explosion chamber, the rapid rising of room temperature sharply spread the hot gas wave that discharges huge energy in moment, make water liquid form vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop high-density expansion and spread apart, form larger particles drop (the salt quasi-molecule does not all participate in the carburation by evaporation process) after salt molecular water liquid is hit.Seawater water liquid is strong between in an instant sharply to expand, and volume becomes manyfold growth, proportion to become manyfold to alleviate rapidly rapidly.The difference in specific gravity that makes its vapour and liquid is apart from widening manyfold, (when separating in moment, the room temperature of explosion chamber and high-temperature chamber remains on the very high temperature, and isolating material is basically: strong brine or saline crystallization body and vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop, difference in specific gravity is easy to obtain separate apart from widening manyfold.) enlarge difference in specific gravity and travelling speed between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule to greatest extent.(in a single day broken away from water body between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule, just no longer produced reactive force each other.) formed the larger particles drop because strong brine is difficult by high temperature, superpressure, high speed wave carburation by evaporation, the impact forces maximum operational speed of being born is the fastest, particle strong brine as the proportion maximum is injected in outermost, keeps apart (it is outer that a large amount of unnecessary gas and strong brine or saline crystallization body are discharged from container) when being isolated the one-way cock auto-closing.Since explosion chamber and high-temperature chamber put quick-fried after, room temperature and indoor pressure descend fast, make indoor generation negative pressure, the make-up gas check valve i.e. the timely automatic supplementary air of work automatically.It is auto-closing that interior cap valve is put after quick-fried.

2, produce fresh water: open explosion chamber body bottom high temperature mixed solution fluid valve earlier, allow the high temperature mixed solution pour in the quick cooling chamber, opening fresh water flowing water Valve and pump switch again discharges water, when in a single day the high temperature mixed solution enters quick cooling chamber, the quick cooling condensation of a large amount of Mare Frigoris water in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of the multilayer of the indoor arrangement that just is cooled becomes fresh water.After the intravital high temperature mixed solution of explosion chamber is all discharged, the switch that promptly switches off the pump simultaneously, mixture export valve switch, discharging fresh water valve switch (the make-up gas check valve quits work automatically).Circulation repeatedly so constantly.

Because adopted in the above-mentioned solution: fired charge explosive decomposition water liquid vapour separates method for desalting seawater with the liquor ratio method of double differences in seawater, only need seawater is placed in the explosion chamber, blast is put in igniting then, cause seawater water liquid to be released out huge energy and produce a large amount of ultrahigh-temperature, the over-pressure gas high speed impact strongly sharply is decomposed to form the vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop of high-density, intermolecular distance sharply becomes manyfold to strengthen, water liquid is long-pending to become manyfold growth proportion to become manyfold to alleviate rapidly rapidly, make and produce the maximum vapour and the liquor ratio method of double differences between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule, under the effect of ultra-high speed superpressure wave surging force, strong brine is ejected outside the container then, in moment, isolate vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop and strong brine (or saline crystallization body) and will keep apart in their moments.It is simple in structure, less investment, stable performance, volume are little, system water express train, incrustation scale few (and being convenient to remove), to go out fresh water yield high especially, and (being particularly suitable for the concentrated seawater desalination) can save a large amount of time.(evaporation of water body can only be carried out at liquid-gas interface, because water body can not evaporate in inside, has determined that water is a kind of slow evaporated liquid, and can not volatilize rapidly).Method for desalting seawater of the present invention: from the blast of explosive; Separating of fresh water in the seawater and strong brine or saline crystallization body; Keeping apart of fresh water in the seawater and strong brine or saline crystallization body; Whole process was finished about 1 second.Than present (a large amount of) solar desalination process in application still, its system water speed has improved tens thousand of times, and the enrichment factor that has reached the purpose of ultra-high speed instantaneous seawater desalination and system water is very high.(be very easy to accomplish: injection be seawater, what produce in moment is a large amount of fresh water and saline crystallization bodies.)

The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing one.

Accompanying drawing one be the transient seawater desalination plant of the embodiment of the invention explosive release, explosion chamber, high-temperature chamber, quick cooling chamber principle of work simplified diagram.

A kind of transient seawater desalination plant of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing one, opening valve (4), valve (7) opens water pump (3) the Mare Frigoris water (2) in seawater pond (1) is pressed in the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5), because cooling tube (5) is positioned in the immersion liquid of filling high temperature mixed solution (17) in the quick cooling chamber (6), makes Mare Frigoris water (2) obtain importing (explosive release) bottom that is equipped with explosive (12) after from bottom to top the preheating and be provided with in explosion chamber (8) body of base (16).When the injection of pre-hot sea water (2) had reached in explosion chamber (8) body about 90% water level, (3) valve-off (4), valve (7) simultaneously can switch off the pump.Be opening point firearm (13) fired charge (12), (interior cap valve (10) can be an auto-closing putting after quick-fried.) orientation is put quick-fried blast in seawater, make and discharge a large amount of ultrahigh-temperature of huge energy generation in moment, superpressure, the high speed wave backs down interior cap valve (10) with huge power and isolates one-way cock (11), water liquid in explosion chamber (8) by ultrahigh-temperature, the strong branch that sharply expands of the violent high speed impact of ultra-high voltage wave is taken off, outwards diffuse to form vaporific vapour-liquid hanging drop rapidly, distance becomes the increase of manyfold between between the water liquid molecule, volume becomes the growth of manyfold rapidly, proportion becomes alleviating of manyfold rapidly, enlarges the difference in specific gravity of vapour and liquid between fresh water molecule and the salt quasi-molecule to greatest extent.Because the particle strong brine of proportion maximum is difficult for being vaporized, form the largest particle drop, make the particle strong brine of the fastest proportion maximum of these travelling speed be injected into outermost under the effect of the surging force of ultrahigh-temperature, superpressure, high speed wave, reach the purpose of separating of required vapour and the liquor ratio method of double differences.When ultrahigh-temperature, superpressure, high speed wave back down isolation one-way cock (11), a large amount of unnecessary gas and strong brines (or saline crystallization body) are ejected outside the container from gas-liquid discharge orifice (21), and vapour and liquid are separated and isolated in moment.In case after opening the valve switch unlatching water pump (15) of valve (14), valve (18), (make-up gas check valve (20) is because explosion chamber (8) and high-temperature chamber (9) are being put high temperature and high pressure gas that quick-fried back forms by after the discharge at a high speed, making in explosion chamber (8) and the high-temperature chamber (9) and negative pressure take place and work automatically) high temperature mixed solution (17) promptly pours in the cooling room (6), the overlapping spiral coil cooling tube of multilayer (5) in quick cooling chamber (6) is cooling condensation fast, and fresh water (19) i.e. is the batch output.After the high temperature mixed solution (17) in the explosion chamber (8) has been discharged, can switch off the pump simultaneously (15), valve (14), valve (18) switch (make-up gas check valve (20) quits work automatically).So constantly circulation repeatedly.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of transient seawater desalination plant, it is characterized in that: at the inside and outside set-point firearm (13) of the explosion chamber (8) that injects seawater (2), explosive (12), interior cap valve (10), be provided with in the high-temperature chamber (9) and isolate one-way cock (11), gas-liquid discharge orifice (21), the discharge tube that explosion chamber (8) is external to be provided with high temperature mixed solution (17) be connected with water pump (15) with after cooling room (6) is communicated with condensation a large amount of fresh water (19).