CN1318467C - Fine emulsion polymerization method of polyurethane acrylic ester compound emulsion - Google Patents
Fine emulsion polymerization method of polyurethane acrylic ester compound emulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN1318467C CN1318467C CNB200410041599XA CN200410041599A CN1318467C CN 1318467 C CN1318467 C CN 1318467C CN B200410041599X A CNB200410041599X A CN B200410041599XA CN 200410041599 A CN200410041599 A CN 200410041599A CN 1318467 C CN1318467 C CN 1318467C
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- -1 acrylic ester compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- RNMDNPCBIKJCQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nonyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-ol Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC)C1=C2C(=C(C=C1)O)O2 RNMDNPCBIKJCQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007957 coemulsifier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Hg]OC(C)=O BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N=NC(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylperoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCCCCCC LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMULJSVDIHMAOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OCCCOC(=O)C=C AMULJSVDIHMAOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001016 Ostwald ripening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012296 anti-solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- WDSSTLCJMOISES-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;iron Chemical compound [Fe].OO WDSSTLCJMOISES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMARGGQEAJXRFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C ZMARGGQEAJXRFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Phenyl-1-propanol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylpropyl alcohol Natural products CCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trihydroxybutane Chemical compound CCCC(O)(O)O GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIPVJRPEJALNIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Na+].[K+].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O HIPVJRPEJALNIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920006222 acrylic ester polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diol Chemical class OC1CCC(O)CC1 VKONPUDBRVKQLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical class OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical group COC(=O)C(=C)C(C)O VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
一种聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液的细乳液聚合法，包括如下步骤：首先将多元醇聚合物脱水备用，将丙烯酸酯类单体和扩链剂脱水，其次向反应釜中通氮气，加入多元醇聚合物和催化剂搅拌，并滴加多异氰酸酯，升温使反应温度处于60～110℃，保温，加入扩链剂，并加入丙烯酸酯类单体，当反应物中NCO基团的质量百分含量达到0.05-10%时，加入丙烯酸羟烷基酯，再次将上述溶液降温，加入引发剂，并加到加有表面活性剂的去离子水溶液中，边滴加边搅拌，再将其分散成一定粒径的聚氨酯预乳液，最后将上述预乳液加入到反应釜中，通入氮气，升温并继续反应，然后降温出料。本发明对环境无污染、耐水、耐溶剂、附着力高、力学性能优越。A miniemulsion polymerization method of polyurethane-acrylic ester composite emulsion, comprising the following steps: firstly dehydrating the polyol polymer for standby use, dehydrating the acrylic ester monomer and the chain extender, and secondly passing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, adding the polyol Stir the polymer and catalyst, add polyisocyanate dropwise, raise the temperature to keep the reaction temperature at 60-110°C, keep warm, add chain extender, and add acrylate monomer, when the mass percentage of NCO groups in the reactant reaches 0.05-10%, add hydroxyalkyl acrylate, cool down the above solution again, add initiator, and add it to deionized aqueous solution with surfactant, stir while adding dropwise, and then disperse it into a certain particle The diameter of the polyurethane pre-emulsion, and finally the above-mentioned pre-emulsion is added to the reaction kettle, nitrogen gas is introduced, the temperature is raised and the reaction is continued, and then the temperature is lowered and the material is discharged. The invention has the advantages of no pollution to the environment, water resistance, solvent resistance, high adhesion and superior mechanical properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion, it relates to a kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion.
Technical background
Along with the enhancing, particularly various countries' environmental law of people's environmental protection, energy consciousness strictness restriction, promote that emulsion polymer is the development of the low-contamination type macromolecular material of representative to organic compound (VOC) content.In recent years, the research of high molecular functional material is in vogue, requires performance, the function diversification of macromolecular material.As the letex polymerization of one of important means of preparation macromolecular material, also from the single type of component and particle structure to compound transformation, the polymer emulsion of the total and special particle structure of preparation multiple polymers composition.Acrylic ester polymer has good mechanical property, but its low-temperature performance, snappiness, the chemicals-resistant corrosion, performances such as wear resistance are bad.Urethane has fabulous low-temperature performance and wear resistance, chemicals-resistant corrodibility.Directly polyurethane dispersing liquid and ACRYLIC EMULSION are mixed,, cause performance to be lower than the theoretical due value of blend because both consistencies are lower.Composite emulsion is by means such as nuclear-shell, interpenetrating(polymer)networks, urethane is introduced in the acrylic ester emulsion, obtain the heterogeneous emulsion of different shape, thereby give the difference in functionality of nuclear, shell and phase region, obtain the excellent properties that general random copolymers, mechanical blend are difficult to have.
The research of external polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion starts from early eighties.Common preparation method comprises seed emulsion polymerization, situ aggregation method.With the polyurethane dispersing liquid is the seed emulsion polymerization process stabilizing of seed, and quality product is easy to control, but transformation efficiency is low, film properties is low.Situ aggregation method is primary solvent with the acrylate monomer, and preparation hydrophilic urethane gives aggressiveness and acrylate monomer blend earlier, disperses in water then, carries out letex polymerization again.The less use of this technology or not with an organic solvent, cost is lower, but the difficult control of processing condition are disperseing and the letex polymerization stage is prone to gel.Above-mentioned method is generally all introduced a certain amount of hydrophilic radical for improving the stability of urethane in water, so PU dispersion liquid water tolerance is low and to the pH sensitivity than solvent type resin.
The particle diameter of typical mini-emulsion polymerization is at 50-500nm, utilizes the emulsifying agent of ionic and non-ionic type to overcome interaction between the particle, and co-emulsifier overcomes the Ostwald ripening effect and keeps number of particles constant and big or small constant.Because particle is little, so the total surface area of particle is very big, adsorbed most emulsifying agents, make at the free state emulsification dosage of aqueous phase extremely lowly, can not form micella.Therefore, in polymerization process, the probability of micella nucleation and homogeneous nucleation is fewer, and the monomer droplet nucleation is main nucleation mode.Monomer droplet also becomes main polymerization place.Usually, the long chain alkane of employing small molecular weight or alcohol are as co-emulsifier, the effect of these co-emulsifiers be mainly overcome the Ostwald ripening effect reduce monomer from little drop to big drop diffusion, make all drops that be arranged enough stationary phases (several hours to some months).
When polymer dissolution in monomer, carry out mini-emulsion polymerization then, so just can obtain containing the composite high-molecular particle of this polymkeric substance.This preparation method is specially adapted to can't directly make from common letex polymerization when this polymkeric substance.Because after polymerization is finished, monomer all changes into polymkeric substance, does not just have small organic molecule that air is polluted, and this polymerization means are very large progress to environmental protection.The composite emulsion, the United States Patent (USP) 6369135 (2002-04-09) that utilize this principle United States Patent (USP) 6380281 (2002-04-30) to prepare vibrin and acrylate resin have prepared Synolac-acrylate resin composite emulsion.United States Patent (USP) 6384110 (2002) carries out mini-emulsion polymerization with castor oil type polyurethane and acrylate monomer and obtains polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion, but this method is carried out mini-emulsion polymerization after must boiling off the castor oil type polyurethane solvent earlier, and because castor oil type polyurethane has bigger transfer to free radical, the transformation efficiency of acrylate monomer is low, and the castor oil type polyurethane solvent can cause environmental pollution in addition.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of environmentally safe, water-fast, anti-solvent, sticking power height, polyurethane-acrylate composite high-molecular material that mechanical property is superior.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion comprises the steps:
The first step: in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization are handled by molecular sieve dehydration with chainextender,
Second step: in reactor, fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, intensification makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of adding 5-60 part quality, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reaches 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carries out end-blocking to urethane, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step: the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added to the above-mentioned negatively charged ion that contains, in the deionized water solution of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step: above-mentioned pre-emulsion is joined in the reactor, feed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, and under 60～95 ℃, continue to react 1～7 hour, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
Ultimate principle of the present invention:
Utilize acrylic ester monomer to do the end capped polyurethane macromolecular monomer of preparation acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester class monomer under the condition of solvent, utilize the monomeric hydrophobic nature of this polyurethane macromolecular by ultra-sonic dispersion (or high-speed stirring) then, to contain the monomeric acrylate monomer of polyurethane macromolecular and in containing the deionized water of emulsifying agent, be dispersed into median size, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion (stable implication: median size and distribute maintenance 2 hour or more do not change) of particle diameter by mini-emulsion polymerization again in the 50-500nm scope at the stable pre-emulsion of 50-500nm scope.
The present invention compares with existing polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion technology of preparing, has the following advantages:
1. prior art generally all uses the volatile organic volatile of small molecules to do solvent and co-emulsifier, pollute, and the present invention does not use the volatile organic volatile of small molecules to do solvent and co-emulsifier in whole polymerization process, thereby environmentally safe.
2. do not add hydrophilic radical in the reaction process, therefore this method has improved polyurethane-acrylate composite high-molecular material water tolerance.
3. urethane give the two keys of C=C that aggressiveness forms by acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester class monomer end-blocking can be crosslinked with acrylic ester monomer, thereby improve anti-solvent ability, improve mechanical property.
4. in when polyurethane macromolecular monomer dispersion process and polymerization, the diameter of particle is constant, forms constantly, has overcome the shortcoming that urethane is separated out easily in seed emulsion polymerization, the situ aggregation method.
5. adopt the method for ultrasonic emulsification and high-speed stirring can control the size and the distribution of pre-emulsion preferably, because no material transfer and exchange between particle during polymerization, particle diameter number and composition keep original appearance, and this technology can design and realize form, composition and the performance of final composite emulsion preferably.
The polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of the present invention's preparation has excellent comprehensive performances, in many departments such as wood working, packing, leather, weaving, papermaking, building, machineries, can be widely used as coating, tackiness agent and seal gum etc.
Embodiment
The fine emulsion polymerization of 1 one kinds of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsions of embodiment is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, intensification makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hour, 2.9 hours, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of adding 5-60 part quality, can elect 8 parts in the present embodiment as, 25 parts, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer reduction reactant viscosity after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, when reaching 0.05-10%, the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant (can adopt the quality percentage composition of chemically titrating method measuring N CO group), the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carries out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 parts, 2.5 part, 3.4 part, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 part, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step, the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 part, 5.7 part, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 part, 9.2 part, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added to the above-mentioned negatively charged ion that contains, in the deionized water solution of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside, in the present embodiment, negatively charged ion, the mass fraction of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion (with laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company make measure particle diameter) of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer can be polyether glycol, polyester polyol polymerization, polyacrylate polyol, polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol, polyolefin polyhydric alcohol, polycaprolactone polyol, organosilicon polyvalent alcohol one or more mixture wherein, the quality proportioning can be any proportioning
Polyisocyanates can be one or more the mixture in tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, six cyclohexyl diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, toluene hexamethylene vulcabond, the hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret, the quality proportioning can be any proportioning
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4 butyleneglycol, 1,6 hexylene glycols, 1,4 cyclohexanediols, Diethylene Glycol, glycol ether, glycol ether, trihydroxymethyl propane one or more mixture wherein, its quality can be any proportioning
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be dibutyl tin laurate, stannous octoate, mercuric acetate, triethylene diamine one or more mixture wherein,
Acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester class monomer can be hydroxyethyl methylacrylate, Rocryl 410, Hydroxyethyl acrylate, Propylene glycol monoacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate one or more mixture wherein.
Acrylic ester monomer can be methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl propenoate, butyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, methacrylic acid, vinylformic acid, vinyl acetate between to for plastic, vinylbenzene, vinyl toluene one or more mixture wherein.
Anion surfactant can be C
12-18Sodium alkyl sulfate, C
12-18A kind of in sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, polyxyethylated alkylphenol vitriol and the Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce), what nonionogenic tenside can be in polyxyethylated alkylphenol series, the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkane segmented copolymer is a kind of.
Initiator can be oil-soluble initiator, as Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, benzoyl peroxide, laurylperoxide base acyl, tertbutyl peroxide; Or water soluble starter ammonium persulphate, Potassium Persulphate; Initiator also can be redox system initiator such as sodium bisulfite-Potassium Persulphate, hydrogen peroxide-iron protochloride, different phenylpropyl alcohol hydrogen peroxide-iron protochloride etc.
Embodiment 2: a kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion comprises the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, heating up makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, and 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, the time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hour, 2.9 polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of hour adding 5-60 part quality can be elected 8 parts as, 25 parts in the present embodiment, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, (can adopt the quality percentage composition of chemically titrating method measuring N CO group) when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reaches 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carries out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 part, 2.5 parts, 3.4 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step, the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 part, 5.7 part, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 part, 9.2 part, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added in the above-mentioned deionized water solution that contains the anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent, in the present embodiment, negatively charged ion, the mass fraction of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion (with laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company make measure particle diameter) of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned material of using and proportioning are respectively:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer is a polypropylene glycol, weighs 100 grams;
Polyisocyanates is a hexamethylene diisocyanate, weighs 88 grams;
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization are dibutyl tin laurate, weigh 0.5 gram;
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender are ethylene glycol, weigh 15 grams;
Acrylic ester monomer is the mixture of three kinds of materials: the acrylate hydroxypropyl acrylate weighs 30 grams; The acrylate butyl ester weighs 170 grams, and the methacrylic acid ester methyl ester weighs 170 grams;
The mixture of negatively charged ion, nonionogenic tenside can be following mixture: Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce), weigh 1.0 grams, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams, sodium lauryl sulphate weighs 4.0 grams;
Initiator can be Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, weighs 3.4 grams; Water weighs 860 grams
Embodiment 3:
A kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, heating up makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, the time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.9 polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of hour adding 5-60 part quality can be elected 8 parts as, 25 parts in the present embodiment, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reached 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carried out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 part, 2.5 parts, 3.4 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step cooled to 5-50 ℃ with the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains, and added the initiator of 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 parts, 5.7 parts, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 parts, 9.2 parts, and will add the negatively charged ion that is added with 2-20 part quality that drips of solution behind the initiator is added to 50～2000 parts of quality, in the deionized water solution of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside, in the present embodiment, negatively charged ion, the mass fraction of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, and 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion (with laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company make measure particle diameter) of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned material of using and proportioning are respectively:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer can be polypropylene glycol, weighs 100 grams;
Polyisocyanates can be isophorone diisocyanate, weighs 88 grams;
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be dibutyl tin laurate, weigh 0.5 gram;
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization can be 1,4 butyleneglycol with chainextender, weigh 15 grams
Acrylic ester monomer can be the mixture of three kinds of materials: methacrylic ester hydroxyl ethyl ester weighs 30 grams
The acrylate butyl ester weighs 250 grams
The methacrylic acid ester methyl ester weighs 250 grams
The mixture of negatively charged ion, nonionogenic tenside can have following three kinds of materials to mix:
Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 2.0 grams
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 2.0 grams
Sodium lauryl sulphate weighs 2.0 grams
Initiator can be benzoyl peroxide, weighs 3.4 grams
Water weighs 1100 grams
Obtain median size at 150nm, polyurethane content is 27%, and solids content is 39% polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, heating up makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, the time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.9 polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of hour adding 5-60 part quality can be elected 8 parts as, 25 parts in the present embodiment, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reached 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carried out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 part, 2.5 parts, 3.4 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step, the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 part, 5.7 part, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 part, 9.2 part, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added to the above-mentioned negatively charged ion that contains, in the deionized water solution of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside, in the present embodiment, negatively charged ion, the mass fraction of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again, (measuring particle diameter) with the laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company makes greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned material of using and proportioning are respectively:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer can weigh 100 grams for polypropylene glycol
Polyisocyanates can weigh 88 grams for tolylene diisocyanate
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can weigh 0.5 gram for mercuric acetate
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization can weigh 7 grams for glycol ether with chainextender
Acrylic ester monomer can mix for following three kinds: the acrylate hydroxypropyl acrylate weighs 30 grams
The acrylate butyl ester weighs 70 grams
The methacrylic acid ester methyl ester weighs 70 grams
The mixture of negatively charged ion, nonionogenic tenside can mix for following three kinds:
Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams
Sodium lauryl sulphate weighs 1.7 grams
G initiator: benzoyl peroxide 1.7 grams
H water weighs 560 grams
Obtain median size at 160nm, polyurethane content is 50%, and solids content is 39% polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of fine emulsion polymerization of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, heating up makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, the time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.9 polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of hour adding 5-60 part quality can be elected 8 parts as, 25 parts in the present embodiment, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reached 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carried out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 part, 2.5 parts, 3.4 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step, the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 part, 5.7 part, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 part, 9.2 part, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added to the above-mentioned negatively charged ion that contains, in the deionized water solution of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside, in the present embodiment, negatively charged ion, the mass fraction of the mixture of nonionogenic tenside can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion (with laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company make measure particle diameter) of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins.
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain median size and exist
The polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned material of using and proportioning are respectively:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer can weigh 50 grams for the polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol
Polyisocyanates can weigh 130 grams for diphenylmethanediisocyanate
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can weigh 0.5 gram for mercuric acetate
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization can weigh 7 grams for 1,4 butyleneglycol with chainextender
Acrylic ester monomer can be the mixture of following three kinds of materials: acrylate hydroxyl ethyl ester weighs 30 grams
The methacrylic ester butyl ester weighs 70 grams
The methacrylic acid ester methyl ester weighs 70 grams
The mixture of negatively charged ion, nonionogenic tenside can be the mixture of following three kinds of materials:
Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams
Sodium lauryl sulphate weighs 1.7 grams
Initiator can weigh 1.7 grams for Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
Water weighs 560 grams
Obtain median size at 160nm, polyurethane content is 50%, and solids content is 39% polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion.
The fine emulsion polymerization of 6 one kinds of polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsions of embodiment is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, is that the molecular sieve dehydration of 4 s handle with chainextender by the aperture with acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization
Second step fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes in reactor, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, in the present embodiment, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be taken as 0.3 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, can be chosen for 40 parts in the present embodiment, 70 parts, 100 parts, 140 parts, 190 parts, 220 parts, 265 parts 280 parts, 290 parts, 300 parts, heating up makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, in the present embodiment, temperature can be 75 ℃, 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 105 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, in the present embodiment, the time can be 1.4 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.9 polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of hour adding 5-60 part quality can be elected 8 parts as, 25 parts in the present embodiment, 33 parts, 47 parts, 55 parts, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, in the present embodiment, can be chosen for 73 parts, 85 parts, 100 parts, 175 parts, 248 parts, 460 parts, 569 parts, 625 parts, 700 parts, 825 parts, 900 parts, 925 parts, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reached 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carried out end-blocking to urethane, can be 0.1 part in the present embodiment, 0.7 part, 1.0 part, 2.5 parts, 3.4 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 9.5 parts, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step, the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, can be 1.8 parts in the present embodiment, 2.5 part, 4.6 part, 5.7 part, 6.1 part, 7 parts, 8.6 part, 9.2 part, negatively charged ion with 2～20 parts of quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added in the above-mentioned deionized water solution that contains the anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent, in the present embodiment, the mass fraction of anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent can be 3 parts, 7 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 17 parts, 19 parts, deionized water solution can be 100 parts, 300 parts, 600 parts, 900 parts, 1500 parts, 1700 parts, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion (with laser diffraction granularity analyser that Britain Ma Erwen company make measure particle diameter) of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins.
The 4th step joined above-mentioned pre-emulsion in the reactor, fed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, in the present embodiment, can be 55 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 89 ℃, 92 ℃, and under 60～95 ℃, continue reaction 1～7 hour, temperature of reaction and time correspondence can be chosen for, 65 ℃ following 6 hours, 75 ℃ following 3.6 hours, 90 ℃ are following 2 hours, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned material of using and proportioning are respectively:
Polyhydric alcohol polymer can be polypropylene glycol, weighs 100 grams
Polyisocyanates can be isophorone diisocyanate, weighs 88 grams
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization can be dibutyl tin laurate, weigh 0.5 gram
Polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization can be 1,4 butyleneglycol with chainextender, weigh 15 grams
Acrylic ester monomer can mix for following three kinds: acrylate hydroxyl ethyl ester weighs 10 grams
The different monooctyl ester of acrylate weighs 120 grams
The methacrylic acid ester methyl ester weighs 240 grams
The anionic/nonionic tensio-active agent can mix for following three kinds:
Succinic Acid modification polyxyethylated alkylphenol (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 3.0 grams;
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (OS, auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai produce) weighs 1.0 grams;
Sodium lauryl sulphate weighs 2 grams;
Initiator can be laurylperoxide base acyl, weighs 3.4 grams;
Water weighs 860 grams;
Obtain median size at 200nm, polyurethane content is 50%, and solids content is 39% polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion.
Claims (1)
1. the fine emulsion polymerization of a polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step: in reactor with polyhydric alcohol polymer temperature be 60～140 ℃, vacuum tightness be dewater under 0.01～0.3MPa 0.2～8 hour standby, acrylic ester monomer and polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization are handled by molecular sieve dehydration with chainextender,
Second step: in reactor, fed nitrogen 5～80 minutes, the polyhydric alcohol polymer after the dehydration of 100 parts of quality of adding and the polyisocyanates of 0.1～5 part of quality and polyvalent alcohol catalyst for polymerization stir, and the polyisocyanates of dropping 30-300 part quality, intensification makes temperature of reaction be in 60～110 ℃, be incubated 1～3 hour, polyisocyanates and polyvalent alcohol polymerization chainextender after the dehydration of adding 5-60 part quality, and the acrylic ester monomer after the dehydration of adding 50-1000 part quality reduces reactant viscosity, when the quality percentage composition of NCO group in the reactant reaches 0.05-10%, the acrylic acid hydroxy alkyl ester that adds 0.1～10 part of quality carries out end-blocking to urethane, obtain the polyurethane macromolecular monomer that end group contains the two keys of C=C
The 3rd step: the above-mentioned monomeric acrylate monomer solution of polyurethane macromolecular that contains is cooled to 5-50 ℃, the initiator that adds 1～10 part of quality, negatively charged ion with 2-20 part quality, the mixture of nonionogenic tenside is added in the deionized water of 50～2000 parts of quality, and the drips of solution behind the above-mentioned adding initiator is added to the above-mentioned negatively charged ion that contains, in the deionized water solution of nonionogenic tenside, stir while dripping, by ultrasonic wave or with speed stirring it is dispersed into the urethane pre-emulsion of median size at the stable acrylate monomer swelling of 50-500nm scope again greater than 2000 rev/mins
The 4th step: above-mentioned pre-emulsion is joined in the reactor, feed nitrogen, be warming up to 50～95 ℃ of initiations and carry out mini-emulsion polymerization, and under 60～95 ℃, continue to react 1～7 hour, cool to 0～50 ℃ of discharging then, obtain the polyurethane-acrylate composite emulsion of median size in the 50-500nm scope.
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| CN100358930C (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2008-01-02 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of composite emulsion for artificial fur base cloth coating |
| CN100430424C (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-11-05 | 河北工业大学 | Process for preparing acrylic resins for powder coatings |
| CN101235195B (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2010-06-02 | 烟台万华聚氨酯股份有限公司 | Cation water polyurethane/acrylic ester composite emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN104031215B (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江理工大学 | Microsuspension polymerization prepares the method for submicron order polyurethane-modified polyacrylate emulsion copolymer |
| CN106928405A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-07 | 苏州市邦涔高分子科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of adhesive |
| WO2020260608A1 (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-12-30 | Allnex Belgium, S.A. | Curable compositions with outdoor performances |
| CN110951041B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-01-07 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane-acrylate hybrid copolymer and preparation method thereof |
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| US6277910B1 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 2001-08-21 | Akzo Nobel Industrial Coatings, Ab | Water-borne hybrid binder composition and use thereof |
| CN1438257A (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2003-08-27 | 华南理工大学 | Acrylic polyurethane copolymer emulsion, its preparation method and use |
| CN1465605A (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-07 | 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 | Double-phobia polyurethane-polyacrylic ester microemulsion and preparation process thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6277910B1 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 2001-08-21 | Akzo Nobel Industrial Coatings, Ab | Water-borne hybrid binder composition and use thereof |
| CN1465605A (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-07 | 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 | Double-phobia polyurethane-polyacrylic ester microemulsion and preparation process thereof |
| CN1438257A (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2003-08-27 | 华南理工大学 | Acrylic polyurethane copolymer emulsion, its preparation method and use |
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Assignee: Smith Barney (Mount Huangshan) Plastic Co. Assignor: Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry Contract record no.: 2011340000294 Denomination of invention: Fine emulsion polymerization method of polyurethane acrylic ester compound emulsion Granted publication date: 20070530 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20050323 Record date: 20110809 |
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