CN1303042C - High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method - Google Patents
High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1303042C CN1303042C CNB2004100403456A CN200410040345A CN1303042C CN 1303042 C CN1303042 C CN 1303042C CN B2004100403456 A CNB2004100403456 A CN B2004100403456A CN 200410040345 A CN200410040345 A CN 200410040345A CN 1303042 C CN1303042 C CN 1303042C
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- ammonium nitrate
- compound wax
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PAWHIGFHUHHWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O PAWHIGFHUHHWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003473 lipid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical group [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyloxymethyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(OCOS(=O)(=O)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=O)=CC=CC2=C1 LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [Al+3].CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000028571 Occupational disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000739 chronic poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a powdery high explosive with no sibium and a preparation method thereof. The present invention belongs to an explosive and a preparation method thereof, particularly to a powdery explosive with no sibium and a preparation method. The explosive is prepared from 4% to 6% of compound wax, 0.5% to 4% of additive and ammonium nitrate as the rest, and the water content of finished products is below 0.3%. In preparation, an oxidizing agent and a combustible agent need converting into liquid first, and then the components are mixed by a static uniform mixer to be dewatered, granulated and dried in the mode of gasflow atomization; subsequently, cooling is carried out by a closed water-cooling device, and finally, explosives are loaded. The present invention has the advantages of simple technique, no harm to human bodies and environment, low product cost and high brisance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to extremely preparation method of a kind of explosive, refer specifically to powder type explosive that does not contain by tritonal and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present in China's powder type explosive, contain terraced explosive and account for about 50% of total amount, though this class powdery ammonium ladder detonator power is higher, raw material extensively, is easily produced and compare safety, but tritonal is a kind of nitro-compound, physiological function to human body seriously influences, the personnel of long-term contact understand chronic poisoning, cause disease in the blood system; Ammonium nitrate has intensive and inhales gentle caking tendency, not only influences production, storing and the application of explosive product, and causes blast performance to reduce, even loses use properties.The common powder type explosive that replaces powdery ammonium ladder detonator now has bulking ammonium nitrate explosive and powdery emulsifying explosive.Because the ammonium nitrate in the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive is by expanded, so its density is lower, make the bulk strength of product reduce on the one hand, the increase of specific surface area also makes the water absorbability of product strengthen on the other hand, and the storage condition of product can change if processing quality fluctuates then; The mechanical sensitivity of powdery emulsifying explosive is lower, makes to be dehydrated into powder again behind the emulsion matrix and can to cause product cost higher, and particularly the investment of kinetic energy consumption and disposable apparatus is bigger.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of high energy non-TNT powder explosive and preparation method thereof, and its technology is simple, and human body and environment are not had harm, and product cost is low, and anti-moisture absorption property is strong, and brisance is big.
Solving technical problem of the present invention adopts the explosive weight percentages of components to be: compound wax 4%～6%, additive 0.5%～4%, surplus is an ammonium nitrate, the moisture of finished product is lower than 0.3%, wherein compound wax is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, additive is lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent, and the ratio of each component of additive is 1～10: 3～7: 60～80: 10～20.
More than the paraffin in the described compound wax of prescription is 1: 1 with the ratio of Vaseline weight, flammable organic hydrophobic agent in the additive is one or more mixtures in pitch, rosin, diesel oil, the machine oil, and anion surfactant is sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate.
High energy non-TNT powder explosive of the present invention is except that above-mentioned prescription key, and following technology is also very important:
At first, get the raw materials ready by said ratio; Adding entry and be heated to 100 ℃～120 ℃ in ammonium nitrate forms liquid; Heating compound wax and additive form liquid; Simultaneously two kinds of liquid form mixts are pumped in the static uniform mixer and mix, keep static uniform mixer temperature at 110 ℃～120 ℃; With the mode of airflow atomizing to the material dewatering in the static uniform mixer, granulating and drying; Material after the granulation is cooled off powder charge then, packing in airtight water cooling plant.
The above-mentioned dehydration of this technology, granulating and drying time should be controlled at 1～2 second, and the moisture content of finished products control after the dehydration is lower than 0.3%.
Technique scheme of the present invention can reach following effect:
(1) technology is simple.The present invention need not to adopt emulsifying agent and complicated emulsifying process, does not also adopt corresponding complexity and expensive equipment.
(2) human body and environment there is not harm.Do not contain tritonal in the explosive component of the present invention, eliminated health harm, avoided common frequently-occurring occupational illness operator.
(3) product cost is low.Each component starting material wide material sources in the explosive formulation, ample supply and prompt delivery, low about 500 yuan per ton of raw materials cost than No. 2 rock powdery an-tnt explosives, than low about 200 yuan of powdery emulsifying explosive, production technique is succinct especially, be convenient to control, the production line floor space is little, is easy to realize serialization, automatic production, production cost and energy consumption are lower, almost three-waste free pollution, need not to increase three wastes processing unit and associated cost.
(4) anti-moisture absorption property of product is strong.The effect that the additive that adopts in the prescription improves the ammonium nitrate physicals is very remarkable, make water absorbability and anti-caking be reduced to about 1% of common ammonium nitrate, and 32.1 ℃ brilliant alternating temperature degree is also changed into 40 ℃～50 ℃.
(5) brisance is big.The oxygen balance of formulating of recipe should be as far as possible near zero oxygen balance, the additive that adds and adopt special complete processing can reach the purpose that activates its detonation sensitivity, make the chemical reaction of this system more be tending towards idealized, improve the exothermicity and the detonation speed of response of reaction to greatest extent.
It below is the contrast of explosive of the present invention and other powder type explosive performance index
| The product variety indicator situation | High energy non-TNT powder explosive | Powdery emulsifying explosive | Bulking ammonium nitrate explosive | No. 2 rock powdery an-tnt explosives |
| Density (g/cm3) | 0.85～1.00 | 0.95～1.30 | 0.8～0.95 | 0.95～1.05 |
| Gap distance (cm) | 5～10 | ≥5 | ≥4 | ≥5 |
| Explosion velocity (m/s 1) | 3400～4200 | 3200 | ≥3200 | 3200 |
| Brisance (mm) | 14～18 | ≥14 | ≥14 | ≥12 |
| Capacity for work (ml) | 340～390 | 320 | 320 | 320 |
| Water resisting property | Well | Well | Difference | Difference |
| Package stability | 〉=6 months | 〉=6 months | 〉=6 months | 〉=6 months |
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
Prepare raw material by following part by weight, promptly, 84 parts in ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of compound wax, 2 parts of additives, 9 parts in water, wherein compound wax is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, the ratio of both weight is 1: 1, additive is lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent, and the ratio of each component is 8: 5: 75 in the additive: 12, and the flammable organic hydrophobic agent in the additive is one or more mixtures in pitch, rosin, diesel oil, the machine oil; Form liquid state with adding entry in the ammonium nitrate and being heated to 110 ℃～120 ℃, filter; Compound wax and additive are heated into liquid state jointly, filter; In time, pumps into above-mentioned two kinds of liquid form mixts that prepare in the static uniform mixer and to mix, and keeps mixing of materials state and temperature at 110 ℃～120 ℃; Air-flow is blown into Venturi meter at a high speed,, dewaters in short-term in, granulating and drying the material sucking-off in the static uniform mixer with the mode of airflow atomizing, the time is 1 second～2 seconds, and the moisture content of finished products after the dehydration is lower than 0.2%; Then the material after the granulation is cooled off last powder charge, packing.The performance index of explosive are density 0.92g/cm
3, strong, the period of storage of gap distance 7cm, explosion velocity 3987m/s, brisance 17mm, capacity for work 362ml, water resisting property 8 months.
Embodiment 2.
Prepare raw material by following part by weight, promptly, 85 parts in ammonium nitrate, 5.5 parts of compound wax, 1.5 parts of additives, 10 parts in water, wherein compound wax is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, the ratio of both weight is 1: 1, additive is lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent, and the ratio of each component is 9: 6: 75 in the additive: 10, and the flammable organic hydrophobic agent in the additive is one or more mixtures in pitch, rosin, diesel oil, the machine oil; Form liquid state with adding entry in the ammonium nitrate and being heated to 100 ℃～120 ℃, filter; Compound wax and additive are heated into liquid state jointly, filter; Simultaneously above-mentioned two kinds of liquid form mixts that prepare are pumped in the static uniform mixer and mix, keep mixing of materials state and temperature and temperature in 110～C～120 ℃; Air-flow is blown into Venturi meter at a high speed,, dewaters in short-term in, granulating and drying the material sucking-off in the static uniform mixer with the mode of airflow atomizing, the time is 1 second～2 seconds, the moisture content of finished products 0.25%. after the dehydration; Then the material after the granulation is cooled off last powder charge, packing.The performance index of explosive are density 0.90g/cm
3, strong, the period of storage of gap distance 8cm, explosion velocity 4187m/s, brisance 17mm, capacity for work 372ml, water resisting property 9 months.
Embodiment 3.
Prepare raw material by following part by weight, promptly, 84 parts in ammonium nitrate, 3 parts of compound wax, 3 parts of additives, 10 parts in water, wherein compound wax is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, the ratio of both weight is 1: 1, additive is lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent, and the ratio of each component is 7: 6: 70 in the additive: 17, and the flammable organic hydrophobic agent in the additive is one or more mixtures in pitch, rosin, diesel oil, the machine oil; Form liquid state with adding entry in the ammonium nitrate and being heated to 100 ℃～120 ℃, filter; Compound wax and additive are heated into liquid state jointly, filter; Simultaneously above-mentioned two kinds of liquid form mixts that prepare are pumped in the static uniform mixer and mix, keep mixing of materials state and temperature at 110 ℃～120 ℃; Air-flow is blown into Venturi meter at a high speed,, dewaters in short-term in, granulating and drying the material sucking-off in the static uniform mixer with the mode of airflow atomizing, the time is 1 second～2 seconds, the moisture content of finished products 0.15% after the dehydration; Then the material after the granulation is cooled off last powder charge, packing.The performance index of explosive are density 0.90g/cm
3, strong, the period of storage of gap distance 6cm, explosion velocity 3787m/s, brisance 16.4mm, capacity for work 354ml, water resisting property 7 months.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of high energy non-TNT powder explosive, the weight percentages of components that it is characterized in that explosive is: compound wax 4%～6%, additive 0.5%～4%, surplus is an ammonium nitrate, the moisture of finished product is lower than 0.3%, wherein compound wax is the mixture of paraffin and Vaseline, additive is lipid acid or dodecyl nitrate, anion surfactant, the hydrate of sodium sulfate, combustible organic hydrophobic agent, and the ratio of each component of additive is 1～10: 3～7: 60～80: 10～20.
2, by the described high energy non-TNT powder of claim 1 explosive, it is characterized in that: the paraffin in the compound wax is 1: 1 with the ratio of Vaseline weight, flammable organic hydrophobic agent in the additive is one or more mixtures in pitch, rosin, diesel oil, the machine oil, and anion surfactant is sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate.
3, the preparation method of the described high energy non-TNT powder of a kind of claim 1 explosive is characterized in that: prepare raw material in proportion, and wherein compound wax 4%～6%, additive 0.5%～4%, surplus is an ammonium nitrate; Adding entry and be heated to 100 ℃～120 ℃ in ammonium nitrate forms liquid; Heating compound wax and additive form liquid; Simultaneously two kinds of liquid form mixts are pumped in the static uniform mixer and mix, keep static uniform mixer temperature at 110 ℃～120 ℃; With the mode of airflow atomizing material dewatering, granulating and drying to static uniform mixer ox; Material after the granulation is cooled off powder charge then, packing in airtight water cooling plant.
4, by the preparation method of the described high energy non-TNT powder of claim 3 explosive, it is characterized in that dehydration, the time of explosive material under airflow atomizing is 1 second～2 seconds, the moisture content of finished products after the dehydration is lower than 0.3%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100403456A CN1303042C (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100403456A CN1303042C (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1727314A CN1727314A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
| CN1303042C true CN1303042C (en) | 2007-03-07 |
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| CNB2004100403456A Expired - Fee Related CN1303042C (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102503742B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-10-29 | 国营九八一五厂 | Three-grade coal mine allowable emulsified explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN103964983A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-06 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | Powdery ammonium nitrate explosive complex lipid prepared from waste animal and plant greases and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408388B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-12-23 | 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 | Powdery emulsion ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN112552133A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-03-26 | 雅化集团雅安实业有限公司 | Low-detonation-velocity modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1003656B (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1989-03-22 | 国家海洋局海洋技术研究所 | Sealing method of anodic aluminum oxide |
| CN1067646A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-01-06 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Nitramon explosive for non-TNT rock |
| CN1137507A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-12-11 | 北京科技大学 | Solid state emulsified compound granular explosive and its preparation method |
| CN1235945A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 1999-11-24 | 兴宁市华威化工实业有限公司 | Method for preparing low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive |
| CN1297872A (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2001-06-06 | 抚顺五一厂 | Industrial powdered TNT-free explosive |
| CN1428318A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-09 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method |
-
2004
- 2004-07-29 CN CNB2004100403456A patent/CN1303042C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1003656B (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1989-03-22 | 国家海洋局海洋技术研究所 | Sealing method of anodic aluminum oxide |
| CN1067646A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-01-06 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Nitramon explosive for non-TNT rock |
| CN1137507A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-12-11 | 北京科技大学 | Solid state emulsified compound granular explosive and its preparation method |
| CN1235945A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 1999-11-24 | 兴宁市华威化工实业有限公司 | Method for preparing low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive |
| CN1297872A (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2001-06-06 | 抚顺五一厂 | Industrial powdered TNT-free explosive |
| CN1428318A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-09 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method |
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