CN1291538A - Shaping method of ceramics - Google Patents
Shaping method of ceramics Download PDFInfo
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- CN1291538A CN1291538A CN00134215A CN00134215A CN1291538A CN 1291538 A CN1291538 A CN 1291538A CN 00134215 A CN00134215 A CN 00134215A CN 00134215 A CN00134215 A CN 00134215A CN 1291538 A CN1291538 A CN 1291538A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62695—Granulation or pelletising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63424—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63432—Polystyrenes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of molding ceramics wherein a molded article of ceramics can be produced highly accurately in a short cycle time without generating cracks or pores. The method of molding ceramics in a predetermined form comprises the steps of mixing ceramics powder with binder resin to form a granulated mixture, feeding this mixture to a mold, heating this mold to press-mold it at a predetermined temperature.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of with ceramic pin-point accuracy be shaped to the method for the goods of Any shape,
In the past, be with being selected from powder pressure forming, the mud injection forming, a kind of method in extruding and the injection moulding is carried out moulding to pottery, and this depends on ceramic body itself.Powder pressure forming is that a kind of wherein ceramic powders is made particle by the cementing agent (if desired) that adding is not more than 2% weight, again these granular materials is put into mould, at room temperature carries out extrusion forming, then carries out the method for sintering.The mud injection forming is a kind of cementing agent that wherein adds 2% weight in ceramic powders, water or organic solvent make this mixture become mud, it is poured in the mould that constitutes by gypsum afterwards, drying and moulding, and sintering again is finally by taking off the method for the moulded products that plaster mold takes out.
In extrusion modling and injection moulding, in ceramic powders, add the cementing agent of about 17% weight, and, carry out necessary oil removing and sintering afterwards at normal temperatures by extruding or the heating state moulding by this mixture of injection down.
The cylinder of being made by pottery is to be approximately 3.5mm by sintering such as overall diameter as the zirconia as the optical fiber overcoat, and interior diameter is approximately the moulded products of 0.135mm, and machined forms again afterwards.Like this, require to realize highly accurate moulding, in above-mentioned each method, use injection moulding usually.
Yet, even in being used as the injection moulding of pin-point accuracy formation system, still have following point:
1. there is the joint close that forms between shaping period at the edge of goods or the opening part of edge surface, so just often causes the goods cracking of institute's sintering.
2. if run air in the mould, form pore (bubble) easily in the inside of sintered article.
3. logistics (gate) balance causes size to change easily, and size is shifted to the top minimizing of goods easily by the logistics tendency.
4. because the sprue gate runner must be arranged, when the raw material of portion's storage within it upgraded, material was contaminated easily.
5. in order to ensure the cool time of mould, have to prolong the time of cycle period.
As the method that shortens circulation time, using a plurality of forming cavities is effectively, but the molding condition of each forming cavity is nearly all different, therefore, causes producing quality problems, changes and cracking as size.
In this case, purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of method of forming process of ceramics, wherein can highly precisely form ceramic shaped articles in short circulation time, and can not produce cracking or bubble, the present invention also provides a kind of moulding material and moulding cementing agent thereof.
In order to address the above problem, first kind of mode of the present invention is the method for forming ceramic powder in a predetermined manner, and this method may further comprise the steps: ceramic powders and cementing agent mixed with resin are formed granular mixture; This mixture is put into mould, with this mold heated with this mixture of mold pressing under predetermined temperature.
The second way of the present invention is according to the method for first kind of mode forming ceramic, wherein after mold pressing mould is cooled off.
The third mode of the present invention is the method according to first and second kinds of mode forming ceramics, and wherein the consumption of cementing agent resin is a 5-18% weight with respect to ceramic powders.
The 4th kind of mode of the present invention is according to above-mentioned first method to any mode forming ceramic of the third mode, wherein, thereby the cementing agent resin mixed the preparation slurry mixture with ceramic powders, then makes its balling-up, makes particle at last.
The 5th kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to fourth kind of mode, wherein, mixes cementing agent resin and ceramic powders by homogeneous heating ground, makes it to form mud or fine powder subsequently, makes it balling-up again.
The 6th kind of mode of the present invention is according to the method for any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 5th kind of mode, wherein, uses the heating heating mould.
The 7th kind of mode of the present invention is according to the method for any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 6th kind of mode, wherein, uses the heating cooling die.
The 8th kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 6th kind of mode, and wherein, the time that is heated to predetermined temperature is 30 seconds.
The 9th kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 7th kind of mode, and wherein, the time that is cooled to predetermined temperature is 30 seconds.
The tenth kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 9th kind of mode, and wherein, this method comprises that moulding is used for the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat.
The 11 kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned first to the 9th kind of mode, and wherein, this method comprises that moulding is used for the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat housing.
The 12 kind of mode of the present invention is the method according to any mode forming ceramic of above-mentioned the first to the 11 kind of mode, and wherein, mould is placed on the turntable, so that shorten the time of cycle period.
The 13 kind of mode of the present invention is that the forming process of ceramics cementing agent comprises the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene, surfactant and paraffin.
The 14 kind of mode of the present invention is the forming process of ceramics material that comprises the granular mixture of ceramic powders and cementing agent, and cementing agent comprises the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene, surfactant and paraffin.
Fig. 1 is a sketch of representing the production unit subregion of using in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sketch of representing the production unit intermediate station outward appearance used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sketch of representing the production unit subregion of using in another embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the top view according to watchcase of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the side view according to watchcase of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the side view according to thermal probe matrix of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the side view according to thermal probe of the present invention.
Although the ceramic powders that can use in the present invention is not particularly limited, add yttrium partially stabilized zirconia (ZrO2·Y
2O
3(contain 3% mole Y2O
3)) be used for moulding as the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat. Add Enter yttrium partially stabilized zirconia and have smooth even curface and higher intensity and toughness, and show Good sliding properties, therefore, it can be used for moulding industry cutter, scissors, kitchen table knife, pump component and height The precision nozzle. Also have, the pottery that is made of colored zirconium oxide can be used for watch case, the decoration of wrist strap and brooch Parts, and door handle and fibre-optic jockey.
Be 99.99% Al by purity2O
3Wearability and the skid resistance excellence of the high purity aluminium oxide that forms, and tool The transparency is arranged, and therefore, it can be used for fiber transmission (literal transmission), transmitting tube, sapphire watch crystal. By purity Be 99.6% Al2O
3The aluminium oxide formability excellence that forms, and be easy to rear processing, so, can be used for gas Flow nozzle, fiber transmission, the large-scale component of precision glass and machine. The Al of purity lower (purity is 96%)2O
3Have level and smooth surface, and be easy to printing, therefore, it can be used on the axle and metallized substrate of pump.
In addition, by ceramic abrasive resistance and the excellent strength of the compositions of mixtures of zirconia and aluminium oxide, and can Be used for cutter, in the circular cutter of hot candied cutting and electric tool parts.
High-purity mullite 3Al2O
3／2SiO
2Having excellent high-temperature strength, and therefore can be used on high temperature furnace matrix or the parts Face. Also has forsterite 2MgOSiO2High temperature or high frequency waves electrical insulating property excellence, and have higher Thermal coefficient of expansion is so he can be used in the production of circuit or electron tube. At last, cordierite 2MgO/2Al2O
3·5SiO
2Heat resistance and impact resistance excellence, therefore, it can be used on heat-insulating shield and shock resistance In the parts.
So far, cementing agent is had no particular limits, as long as it can heat fused, in order to play fluidisation The effect of ceramic powders. As cementing agent, can use various fluoropolymer resins, surfactant, paraffin, it Can use separately or use as mixture.
Fluoropolymer resin is vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc) preferably, and acrylic resin is such as poly-methyl Butyl acrylate (PBMA), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, (PS) and composition thereof. In addition, can also use polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylic acid ethene ethyl ester (EEA), random polypropylene (APP), and Tissuemat E, they can use separately or use as mixture.
Surfactant is non-ionic surface active agent preferably. In addition, also can use and be selected from stearic acid, gold Belong to one or more components in saponified and the acid amides.
Paraffin is preferably used CnH2
n+2The common paraffin of expression, particularly its to have fusing point be 48-50 ℃ stone Wax also can use and be selected from scale wax, microcrystalline wax, ceresine, Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax and coal stone wax In one or more components.
In addition, also can add one or more and be selected from diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, With the plasticiser in the dioctyl phthalate. And, also can use surface conditioning agent such as organic titanate and have Machine silane coupling agent.
Although the addition to cementing agent has no particular limits, so long as give the ceramic powders flowability just, But cementing agent quantity generally is 5-18% weight, is preferably 10-18% weight (take ceramic powders as benchmark). These The average grain diameter of material is preferably 0.1 micron or still less. This is because the addition of cementing agent is 5% weight or more When many, rely on heating to give mixture flow, but quantity notice that flowability does not have when surpassing 18% weight Change. In addition, the paraffin quantity that contains in the cementing agent is 1-10% weight, is preferably 1-3% weight (with respect to pottery The porcelain powder).
The quantity of the plasticiser that adds in the cementing agent is 5% weight or still less, is preferably 0.1-2.0% weight (phase For ceramic powders).
The quantity of the surfactant that contains in the cementing agent is 0.1-5% weight, is particularly preferably 2-4% weight (phase For ceramic powders).
The quantity of the surface conditioning agent that contains in cementing agent is 0.01-0.5% weight with respect to ceramic powders.
In the present invention, make the compound particles granulation of ceramic powders and cementing agent powder. Although not to granulating Method limit especially, but water, organic solvents etc. make raw mix become mud. By spraying The modes such as drying are carried out granulating. The average grain diameter of particle is the 25-250 micron, is preferably 150 microns or 150 About micron.
In the present invention, the granular materials that so obtains is put into mould, mold pressing under the condition of heating. Among the present invention, at normal temperatures with in ceramic powders and the cementing agent resin blend thing feeding mould, to prevent formation Joint close by in advance material being incorporated in the mould, can produce following advantages:
1. prevent that air from running in the moulded products;
2. eliminated the anisotropy of powder by feeding powder equably;
3. upgrading the back at raw material uses the mixture of pottery and cementing agent to prevent pollution.
Also have, in the present invention, then cooling after the mold pressing, form removal.In this step, preferably rapid cooling die is to shorten the production cycle.
Preferably directly provide heating as the equipment that heats or cool off rapidly to mould.In addition, heating preferably uses the radiant panel that can influence rapid cooling effectively.
In addition, according to method of the present invention, by using turntable and only heating rapidly or be cooled to die cavity and can shorten cycle time.
If heating-up temperature is 100 ℃ or lower, also can reach same effect by method with hot water heating and cold water cooling.In a usual manner above-mentioned moulded products is carried out oil removing and further sintering.Oil removing is carried out under following condition: promptly with 10 ℃/hour speed temperature is increased to 450 ℃, in air it is cooled to 200 ℃ subsequently.Sintering condition is to carry out under 1300-1400 ℃ about 1-4 hour.
In the present invention, form ceramic powders by following steps: in advance stamping of powder is become granular mixture, thereby form intermediate, intermediate is fed in the mould, heating mould and mold pressing intermediate at a certain temperature carry out the powder pressurization subsequently under room temperature or preset heating temperature.Preferably, intermediate diameter is less than the 1-10% of a diameter of mould., another internal diameter of intermediate is greater than the 2-15% corresponding to another outer warp of mould of this internal diameter of intermediate.
Also can use the intermediate that forms by the extruding granulate mixture equally, in the present invention.Owing to formed the intermediate of size less than mould by mold pressing.The internal stress of pressing can be relaxed.Therefore can reduce the bending of tubular ceramic endoporus especially.
Embodiment
Below, continue to describe the present invention by reference example.
Fig. 1 is illustrated in the make-up machine in the present embodiment mode, and mould and heater wherein, are formed for the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat.This accompanying drawing represents to cut along central shaft A-A the structure of back machine left part and right areas, and wherein mould revolves and turn 90 degrees.
Among the through hole 11a that core 16 inserts in the mould 11, provide diameter less pin 16a to core 16 tops, and a circular cone thing 16a is arranged at pin 16 bottoms.Also have, core 16 bottoms are fixed on the core fixator 24.Along core fixator 24, mould holder 25 is installed on the turntable 12.
Bottom punching 17 is fixed on movably above the supporter 18, and movably supporter 18 is installed in the position shown in the accompanying drawing, so that vertically arbitrarily move near mould holder 25.Core 16 is inserted among the through hole 17a in the bottom punching 17.
Top punching 21 is disposed on the mould 11.Top punching 21 has the overall diameter among the through hole 11a that inserts it in the mould 11, and the pin 16a that has core 16 simultaneously can insert hole 21a wherein.Top punching 21 is fixed on above the top punching supporter 22 that can move in the vertical direction.Top punching supporter 22 moving vertically by guide rod 23 guiding.
As shown in Figure 2, turntable 12 has the through hole S1-S10 corresponding to stage 1-10.In each through hole in S1-S1O, mould 11 so that radially guide radiant panel 15, and provides separately device to each hole by mould holder 25 control, as above-mentioned punching pressue device.
Now, describe by using the production of this device to be used for the method for the rod of optical fiber overcoat.
At first, with 82.6% weight, contain 3 moles of %Y
2O
3ZrO
2Mix with the cementing agent of 17.4% weight.Make this mixture form mud by adding organic solvent, and the dry formation of subsequent spray average grain diameter is 150 microns a particle.
Here, cementing agent is by the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester of 3% weight, poly-(butyl methacrylate) of 7% weight, the polystyrene of 35% weight, poly-(methyl methacrylate) of 29% weight, the non-ionic surface active agent of 13% weight and 13% weight, fusing point is that 48-50 ℃ paraffin is formed.
Also have, the concentration of mud is 50%, and its proportion approximately is 1.5.Used spray-drying installation is a rotating disk type, and the rotating speed of rotating disk type atomizer is 12000 rev/mins, and the mud quantity of feeding is 2.5 liters/hour.Inlet temperature is 60 ℃, and air exit temp is 40 ℃.And acquisition granular material.
To these granular material moulding, its moulding is that one-period is finished with a turntable 1-10 stage.In the stage 1, granular mixture is fed in the mould 11, this stage feeding material is approximately 0.4 gram water.
Then, in the stage 2, the top of top punching 21 moves down, and inserts in the mould 11 until the 1-5 at top millimeter position.Simultaneously, heater 13 work that link to each other with mould 11, beginning heating mould 11 and granular mixture.
In the 3rd, 4 and 5 stages, under the condition of 85 ℃ of equalizations, continue heating.The stage quantity of this heating can arbitrarily be determined, the time that this depends on the cycle time of moulding and is heated to predetermined temperature.
In the stage 6, the top punching moves down with the quantity of 15-40 mm/second.Under 20 kilograms pressure, granular material is carried out moulding thus.Move down speed decision by this cycle time of moulding.
In the 7th stage, the current reversal of the heater 13 that links to each other with mould 11 begins to cool down thus.
In the 8th and the 9th stage, under the condition of equalization, continue cooling, granular material is cooled to 30 ℃ or lower.The quantity of this cooling stage can arbitrarily determine, this depends on chilling temperature and characteristic such as temperature required.
In the stage 10, on beginning, top punching 21 moves, simultaneously, on beginning, bottom punching 17 moves, to unload moulded products.
Subsequently, in order to come back to the stage 1, movably supporter 18 is forced to move down with the bottom punching 17 servicing unit (not shown) through linking to each other with the outside on being fixed to mobile supporter 18.Get back to the state (pulverulence) in stage 1 thus again.By such repetition, forming process is continued.
This formation system, it is mobile through heating material to be produced, and has obviously improved the mouldability that does not have at the center forming cavity of cylinder outer radius heating.
In table 1, represented center forming cavity (center external diameter/at the external diameter at two ends), under light microscope 10 microns of perusals or bigger pin hole quantity (amplifying 100 times) with cracking degree moulded products.
For the ease of relatively, also measured conventional pressure forming powder (comparative example) and the injection molding goods (comparative example) that do not heat in the same way, its result also together collects and is illustrated in the table 1.
Table 1
Center forming cavity pin hole cracking embodiment 1 0.76% 0 0% comparative examples 1 6.12% 7 0% comparative examples 2 0.80% 0 0.50%
Except the quantity of cementing agent is respectively 10% weight and 5% weight and determines the quantity of defective goods, repeat the process identical with embodiment 1.Its result is illustrated in the table 2, and in order to compare, also having expressed wherein, cementing agent is the result of the goods of 2% weight.
Table 2
Center forming cavity pin hole cracking embodiment 2 0.80% 0 0% embodiment 3 1.00% 1 0% comparing embodiments 3 5.85% 5 0%
Fig. 3 represents to produce the device that connects the cylinder of closed shell as optical fiber optics, except it is included in the core of arranging in the mould 11 116 and has aciculiform thing 116a with restriction cylinder internal diameter, and top punching 121 has outside the aciculiform thing 116a insertion hole 121a wherein, and the structure of this device is identical with said apparatus.Therefore, only use the identical parts of identical symbolic representation, and save description this device.
By using this device, granulated mixture in the above-described embodiments can be used for producing the zirconia moulded products that is used for closed shell.
Fig. 4 represents the Watchcase according to forming method production of the present invention, by zirconia and plastic bonding agent are mixed, this mixture is shaped to particle, pressurization, heating, and cooling, thereby form CAN top210 and CAN hole 220 (translator's note: " CAN " top and " CAN " hole are speech transcriptions) so that watchband is connected the both sides of shell 200, thereby prepare shell 200, Fig. 5 is the side view of shell 200, wherein CAN hole 210 and 220 is in the both sides of shell 200, and forms the knob hole 230 of rotation indicator.
Like this, just prevented to form joint close near knob hole 230 in watchcase 200 and the CAN hole 220, and can make the intensity of shell 200 very even.And these joint closes to use the conventional method of producing ceramic shell by injection moulding almost be unescapable.The breakage that has caused because of bump when the result has prevented that watchcase from falling.This watchcase also can be used for having in the senior table of ultra-thin watchcase.And the free degree when having enlarged design thus.
Although do not express complicated concave surface in the accompanying drawings, on the upper surface of watchcase 200, can be formed for installing the complicated concave surface of glass, and can form various design configurations in its surface.In this process, can form a large amount of concave surfaces and convex surface simultaneously so that transfer in the inside of watchcase.
Fig. 6 represents the thermal probe matrix according to forming method production of the present invention.In order to prepare matrix 300, with mode mixed oxidization aluminium powder and the plastic bonding agent identical with embodiment 1, in % weight, mixing ratio is an aluminium oxide: 84.0; Acrylic resin: 8.0; Polystyrene: 3.5; Stearic acid: 3.0; Dibutyl phthalate: 1.5.Form particle subsequently, and the experience pressurization, heating, cooling.Near the part of the neighboring of matrix 300, form the concave surface 310 parallel, with aftershaping and sintering with a side.Afterwards, on the surface of matrix 300, form a glaze layer 320 and a sintering.
Compare with the matrix of producing with conventional method, so pore is less in its surface for the matrix 300 that forms, and the result produces the matrix strength advantage of higher.And, the situation that comes off and cause photoresist (photoresist) to enter concave surface from matrix surface because of ceramic particle can not take place, thereby guaranteed in the process that is formed for making the charged telegraph circuit pattern of the heating element heater that on matrix surface, forms the even coating of photoresist on the matrix of no glaze layer.Not only eliminate the pattern short circuit phenomenon of telegraph circuit thus, and eliminated the phenomenon that telegraph circuit opens circuit.
On the planar substrates of routine, can not be formed for being increased in the thermal probe air-tightness on the record-paper and improve the protruding cover coat of importing the power supply coloration efficiency, but on the convex surface matrix, can form above-mentioned glaze layer, therefore reduce the thickness of glaze layer.As a result, change the height at the glaze layer top that causes inhomogeneous printing hardly, eliminated the spotty staining of on paper, printing, and improved the print quality of thermal probe.
Also have,, in the process that forms glaze, the land width of its variation is changed hardly because of sintering glaze laminar flow is moving because reduced the thickness of glaze layer.The result, make near the photoresist coating layer thickness protruding cover coat very even, the result, the width of the telegraph circuit that links to each other with heating resistance element can change hardly, and circuitous resistance also changes hardly, to such an extent as to for the picture and text that fax forms, the inhomogeneities of picture and text density has reduced on the width of record-paper, can form high-quality picture and text thus.In addition, use a plurality of black plates, can form colored picture and text, can obtain the tonal density of every kind of China ink exactly, thereby realize the height repeatability of color.
According to another embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7,, form convex surface 310 along its neighboring direction in edge, and on matrix 300, form glaze layer 320 again, thereby can form the thermal probe matrix by on alumina substrate 300.In this embodiment, can obtain the particularly thermal probe matrix of tinctorial property excellence for the molten state China ink.Wherein the edge surface of matrix 300 hardly can bulging, and is sending on the perpendicular direction of direction with paper, less in the inhomogeneities of printing paper upper density in the time of therefore can accomplishing to print.
According to the present invention, with 96% alumina powder as ceramic raw material and use the plastic planar substrates that is used for electronic unit of cementing agent.Cost production that also can be lower is used for the matrix that does not have complicated shape of electronic unit, and if such matrix with conventional injection moulding method production, its cost can be than with other production method height.
Can use alumina powder as ceramic raw material and use cementing agent moulding bolt, nut, nozzle, welding gun spout, and compare with conventional method, can with ceramic capacity be encased in the groove or the place, end of concave surface, but do not form joint close, and eliminate the anisotropy of powder.Obtain uniform strength thus with the orientation independent of parts.Also plastic other screw part.
Can use aluminium oxide and zirconic mixture of powders as ceramic raw material and use cementing agent to produce rotating knife, cutter cutter, and paper trimmers.Equally, also can produce the cutting machine parts.In these sintered articles, can not form the pore of introducing by air.Therefore compare with conventional method, can obtain to have the sintered article at high-strength edge in the present embodiment.
According to the present invention, the use alumina powder is as ceramic raw material and use cementing agent can produce the cotton yarn guider, the rotating shaft of pump, and dice, also plastic other slide units in requiring the forming process of accurate in size slide unit, can solve the problem of injection port balance when injection moulding.And therefore can obtain to cause dimensional accuracy to reduce as be of a size of the high accuracy slide unit of taper.
According to the present invention, also can use 99.6% alumina powder as ceramic raw material and use cementing agent moulding pressure-sizing axle center, meticulous glass, spray tip and gear.
Embodiment 13
According to the present invention, also can use high-purity mullite as ceramic raw material and use cementing agent molding heater parts.Use careful green stone as also plastic other heat-resistant parts of ceramic raw material.
Embodiment 14
Obtain to be shaped to the powder compaction thing of granulate mixture through embodiment 1, and form the semi-finished product of optical fiber overcoat.This semi-finished product weight is about 0.4 gram, and its external dimensions is 75 microns, less than the internal diameter of mould among Fig. 1 11.This half-finished internal diameter is 150 microns, and it puts into these semi-finished product the mould 11 of the moulding press of Fig. 1 again greater than the external diameter of aciculiform thing 16a.Subsequently, the stages 2 back reshaping by embodiment 1 is these semi-finished product.Table 3 has been expressed this embodiment and has been directly formed to the cylinder moulded products of the comparing embodiment of granulate mixture.From table 3, obviously find out: the bending of cylinder in this embodiment be improved significantly.Table 3
5 20 micron 1.00% 10 of 4 15 micron 0.76% 00 comparing embodiment of flexibility center cavity pin hole cracking 14 7 micron 0.75% 00 comparing embodiment of embodiment of endoporus
Embodiment 15
With the granulate mixture extrusion modling among the embodiment 1 is the semi-finished product that are used for the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat.This semi-finished product weight is about 0.4 gram, and its external dimensions is 75 microns, less than the internal diameter of mould among Fig. 1 11.This half-finished internal diameter is 150 microns, and it puts into these semi-finished product the mould 11 of the moulding press of Fig. 1 again greater than the external diameter of aciculiform thing 16a.Subsequently, the stages 2 back reshaping by embodiment 1 is these semi-finished product.
According to the present invention, will put into mould by the particle that ceramic powders and cementing agent resin are formed, and ceramic powders can feed uniformly in the mould, so just there is not defective in the inside of sintered article.And behind the particle of packing into, heating mould, because cementing agent resin flow characteristic, pottery arrives the surface of parts very fully.Therefore, can obtain on the sintered article parts surface, not have the moulded products of crackle.As a result,, do not cause the defective of breaking, thereby obtain ceramic component with higher mechanical strength in moulded products inside.In addition, can obtain not have crackle, high-strength and have a cutting tool at long-term durable edge.
Also have, after the mixture with ceramic particle joins in the mould, the resin fusing, pottery is endowed flowability in very short distance.So can not form joint close, even and at moulded products surface formation concave part, still have in concave part ceramic density advantage of uniform.It is constant that the degree of shrinking during sintering keeps, and carry out the mould design easily.
Claims (18)
1. method with predetermined form forming ceramic powder, this method may further comprise the steps: ceramic powders is mixed forming granulate mixture with cementing agent, mixture is fed in the mould, under the temperature of being scheduled to heating mould with carry out mold pressing.
2. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, this method is further comprising the steps of: cooling die after mold pressing.
3. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein, the quantity of cementing agent resin is 5-18% weight with respect to ceramic powders.
4. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein prepare slurry mixture, and then be particle its granulation by the cementing agent resin is mixed with ceramic powders, thus the preparation granular mixture.
5. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein by homogeneous heating ground the cementing agent resin being mixed with ceramic powders, and make it become mud or fine grained, is particle with its granulation again, thus the preparation granular mixture.
6. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein, use the heating heating mould.
7. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 2, wherein, use the heating cooling die.
8. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein, the time that is heated to predetermined temperature is within 30 seconds.
9. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 2, wherein, the time that is cooled to predetermined temperature is within 30 seconds.
10. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein, comprise that moulding is used for the cylinder of optical fiber overcoat.
11., wherein, comprise that moulding is used for the cylinder that optics connects shell according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1.
12. according to the shaping method of ceramics of claim 1, wherein, mould is disposed on the turntable.
13. one kind comprises the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene, the forming process of ceramics cementing agent of surfactant and paraffin.
14. a forming process of ceramics material, it comprises ceramic powders and by the ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl ester resin, acrylic resin, polystyrene, the granular mixture of the cementing agent that surfactant and paraffin are formed.
15. the method for a forming ceramic powder, it may further comprise the steps: thus ceramic powders and cementing agent mixed with resin are formed semi-finished product with first mould, these semi-finished product are put in second mould, and these semi-finished product are carried out the mold pressing second time.
16. according to the method for the forming ceramic powder of claim 14, wherein, mold pressing is for the first time at room temperature carried out.
17. the method according to the forming ceramic powder of claim 15 wherein, heats first mould.
18. the forming method of a ceramic powders, it may further comprise the steps ceramic powders is mixed with cementing agent, thereby formation granular mixture, is semi-finished product with first mould with this granular mixture extrusion modling, these semi-finished product are put in the mould again, heat this mould, and these semi-finished product are carried out mold pressing.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP257642/1999 | 1999-09-10 | ||
| JP25764299 | 1999-09-10 | ||
| JP2000263833A JP2001145909A (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-08-31 | Method for holding ceramics |
| JP263833/2000 | 2000-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1291538A true CN1291538A (en) | 2001-04-18 |
Family
ID=26543310
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00134215A Pending CN1291538A (en) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-09-09 | Shaping method of ceramics |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001145909A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010050428A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1291538A (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI224085B (en) |
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| CN103558159A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-05 | 北京赛乐米克材料科技有限公司 | Method for detecting structural ceramic product |
| CN103770195A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-05-07 | 上海久牵实业有限公司 | Fiber ceramic powder compression forming process |
| CN106017196A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-12 | 成都爻能节能科技有限公司 | Heat exchange device and energy-saving net used in heat exchange device |
| CN111763090A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-13 | 浙江昶研新材料有限公司 | Adhesive, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112936511A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-11 | 柯马杜股份有限公司 | Gemstone, in particular for a timepiece movement, and method for making same |
| CN114179196A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-15 | 王汉升 | Ceramic shaft core forming die |
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| KR20020023736A (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2002-03-29 | 서영석 | Granular Ceramic Manufacturing Method |
| JP4618992B2 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2011-01-26 | 京セラ株式会社 | Molding method of ceramic powder |
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-
2000
- 2000-08-31 JP JP2000263833A patent/JP2001145909A/en active Pending
- 2000-09-08 TW TW089118517A patent/TWI224085B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-09 KR KR1020000053825A patent/KR20010050428A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-09 CN CN00134215A patent/CN1291538A/en active Pending
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| CN103770195A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-05-07 | 上海久牵实业有限公司 | Fiber ceramic powder compression forming process |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20010050428A (en) | 2001-06-15 |
| JP2001145909A (en) | 2001-05-29 |
| TWI224085B (en) | 2004-11-21 |
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