CN1281950A - Positive displacement fluid machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

A positive displacement fluid mechanism, wherein the positive displacement fluid machine is provided with a lubricating fluid supply groove communicating with a lubricating fluid supply hole provided in the bearing part, and the lubricating fluid supply groove is formed by the fact to be gradually decreased in sectional area as they go toward the ends of the supply groove where lubricating fluid flows. The positive displacement fluid mechanism can prevent damage to a bearing end part especially in the case where a bearing is under the eccentric contact condition by always generating proper lubricating fluid film pressure in the whole area in a bearing surface.

Description

Positive displacement fluid machinery

The present invention relates to a kind of positive displacement fluid machinery, it is used in the refrigeration compressor, and this compressor is used for refrigerator and refrigeration and air conditioning; The gas compressor that is used for pressurized air, helium etc.; Be used for making the gas expander tool of gas expansion; Be used for vacuum pump; Be used for fluid pump, or the like.

Following the example of a convolute-hydrodynamic mechanics as positive displacement fluid machinery is described, this fluid machinery has a fluid supplying passage, and this passage is used for lubricating fluid is flowed to bearing region.

The scroll fluid machine that is disclosed among the JP-A No.H 2-264182 is equipped with a fixed scroll and a vortex matter revolution, there is a bumped head and vortex volume to be vertically formed on this end plate on it, two vortexs are oppositely engagement each other, and is contained in one and has in a suction port and the exhaust port housing.Vortex matter revolution is equipped with a cylindrical bearing at its rear side.This bearing is assemblied in the crank section with a gap, and this crank section deviates from the axis of bent axle.The main shaft portion of bent axle is bearing on the metal (upper that is assemblied in the framework.

Hold pressure reduction between the pressure in the middle of pressure in the oil sump and the back pressure cavity by utilization, in the supply passage of lubricant oil in being formed at bent axle on flow, sprocket hole through linking to each other with supply passage, and the fluid that is formed at the bent axle surface is supplied with groove, be fed to bearing part afterwards, hold wherein that oil sump is positioned at housing bottom zone and its pressure is identical with head pressure, and back pressure cavity is made of framework, small diameter bore and vortex matter revolution.

The lubricating fluid that upwards flows through supply passage flows in the oil pocket that is arranged on the bent axle head portion, flows to the fluid that axially is arranged in the crank section surface subsequently and supplies with in the groove, thereby the revolution bearing part is lubricated.Fluid after revolution bearing part and main bearing partly be lubricated is discharged in the back pressure cavity, then enters compression volume.The fluid that comes from compression volume is discharged in the housing at discharge section, flow back on the wall of housing afterwards and holds in the oil sump.

The lubricating fluid that supplies to each bearing part place is the mixture of a kind of refrigeration agent and oil, and refrigerant gas is dissolved in this mixture.In above-mentioned axle journal, clear and definite is that the fluid that is formed in the bent axle is supplied with groove, and bent axle is engaged in the revolution bearing with a gap.In order to come up in the fluid of refrigerant gas from fluid supply groove that prevents to dissolve, the end that fluid is supplied with groove will be connected with back pressure cavity, and the other end is closed in the centre in a kind of flat mode simultaneously.In other words, flat section of processing is with an end of enclosed slot.

In the disclosed scroll fluid machine of JP-A No.H 7-12068, fluid is supplied with groove and in axial direction is formed in the surface of bent axle.Fluid is supplied with groove and is distributed in the following manner with respect to the angle of advancing of support load direction with 90 degree, that is, the fluid of being supplied with will promptly be transported to load-bearing surface, wherein support load rotation synchronously along with the rotation of bent axle.And, for the refrigerant gas that prevents to supply with in the groove is emerged, be provided with a dam shape ladder in the end of supplying with groove, to prevent since Flow area reduce the pressure decline that causes suddenly.

Yet, in above-mentioned prior art, because flat section or dam shape stepped shaft be formed in the bearing part, so, carry out just very difficult to the supply of the lubricating fluid of the carrier surface of bearing part from flat section or dam shape ladder.In addition, although owing to supply with pressure in the groove and reduce the bubbling that causes and can prevent that still the phenomenon of bubbling suddenly can occur at flat section or shape ladder place, dam, the result is that bearing part is in a side contacts by the cross-sectional area that reduces to supply with groove suddenly.Under the situation of one-sided like this contact, needed is to consider, is closed just in case supply with groove, will be owing to the inadequate bearing part that damages of the oiling agent that supplies to the bearing end.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of positive displacement fluid machinery, wherein, can on the whole zone of bearing part, set up a kind of suitable oil film pressure continuously, and can prevent that the bearing end is injury-free, particularly under the non-stationary contact condition of bearing.

To achieve these goals, comprise with the corresponding positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention: one is used for compressing or transportation work fluid or obtain mechanism's part of mechanical energy from working fluid; A main shaft is used for driving mechanism part or obtain mechanical energy; One bearing is used for supporting described main shaft; One lubricating fluid supply hole is used for lubricating fluid is transported to the supporting portion of being made up of main shaft and bearing; And lubricating fluid pond.In this positive displacement fluid machinery, there is a lubricating fluid that links to each other with the lubricating fluid supply hole to supply with fluted shaft and is positioned at bearing part to ground; This lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is constituted like this, and promptly its cross-sectional area tends to the end of this supply groove along with it and reduces, and lubricating fluid flows in this groove.

The processing and lubrication fluid supply slot is relatively good like this, that is, the end along with its trend supply groove does not change its width by reducing its degree of depth and reduces its cross-sectional area, and lubricating fluid flows in groove.

In addition, the processing and lubrication fluid supply slot is relatively good like this, that is, the end along with its trend supply groove reduces its cross-sectional area by reducing its degree of depth and width, and lubricating fluid flows in groove.

In addition, the processing and lubrication fluid supply slot is relatively good like this, that is, the end of supplying with groove is closed at bearing part, and lubricating fluid flows in groove.

Equally, to achieve these goals, this positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention comprises: one is used for compressing or transportation work fluid or obtain mechanism's part of mechanical energy from working fluid; A main shaft is used for driving mechanism part or obtain mechanical energy; One bearing is used for supporting described main shaft; One lubricating fluid supply hole is used for lubricating fluid is transported to the bearing part of being made up of main shaft and bearing; And lubricating fluid pond.In this positive displacement fluid machinery, along the axial direction of main shaft, be provided with a lubricating fluid at bearing part and supply with groove, this groove links to each other with the lubricating fluid supply hole, and supply hole with hold oil sump and link to each other; The end of supplying with groove is closed in bearing part, and lubricating fluid flows to wherein; And the length of enclosure portion is in the scope of the 1-20% of bearing width.

In addition, be preferably, lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is arranged in the outerface of spindle that does not have the load effect or in the bearing inner surface.

The view profile that shown in Figure 1 is according to first embodiment of positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention has provided an a kind of example one by one with horizontal type scroll compressor of hyperbaric chamber system;

Shown in Figure 2 is the enlarged view of main bearing part among Fig. 1;

Shown in Figure 3 is the vertical section view of doing along the left side of Fig. 2;

The view profile that shown in Figure 4 is according to first embodiment of positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention, shown is an example with vertical scroll compressor of low-pressure cavity system;

Shown in Figure 5 is according to the 3rd embodiment's of the positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention main bearing and the partial view of revolution bearing part;

Shown in Figure 6 is according to the 4th embodiment's of the positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention main bearing and the vertical section view of revolution bearing part;

Fig. 7 is the interpretation maps that is used for explaining the lubricating fluid mould of non-stationary period of contact.

Referring to accompanying drawing, will make an explanation to the preferred embodiments of the present invention below.

Shown in Fig. 1-3 is first embodiment with the corresponding positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention, and horizontal hermetic type scroll compressor particularly.

Fig. 1 is the vertical section figure of a hermetic type scroll compressor.This hermetic type scroll compressor has a hyperbaric chamber system, and in this system, compressor housing pressure plays the effect of head pressure.The diameter of compressor is between 10mm-1000mm.

At first, the principle of explaining compressor is formed.

In the fixed scroll 2 in being installed on housing 1, scrollwork 2b is formed on the end plate 2a, and exhaust port 2c is opened on core.In the outer periphery of fixed scroll 2, be processed with some groove 2j, so that gas and lubricating fluid (being lubricant oil in the present embodiment) pass through.Vortex matter revolution 3 has a scrollwork 3b, and this scrollwork is formed on the end plate 3a according to the mode of a kind of involute or algebraic spiral line; And be provided with a vortex matter revolution bearing 3f and Oldham's coupling groove 3d and 3e at its back side.One framework 4 is provided with a not shown Oldham's coupling groove that goes out, and an Oldham's coupling ring 5 is arranged in this groove between framework 4 and vortex matter revolution 3.

At the center of framework 4, be provided with an envelope 4a and main bearing 4f.Also have a main shaft directed thrust directed thrust surfaces 4b, the power on the pushing direction of main shaft 7 can be born in this surface, and this main shaft back will be illustrated.And, in the outer surface of framework 4, being processed with some and crossing chute 4c, gas and lubricating fluid flow therein, and these grooves are connected with the chute 2j that crosses of fixed scroll 2.One end of Oldham's coupling ring 5 has a not shown framework projection that goes out, and has pivot protrusion 5c and 5d at the other end.

The inside of main shaft 7 is provided with an axial lubricating fluid supply hole 7a, a main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b, envelope lubricating fluid supply hole 7c and a supplementary bearing lubricating fluid supply hole 7f.The top of main shaft 7 is large diameter balance portion 7e, is pressed with a spindle balance ring on this balance portion.Reference character 15 is suction pipes.Motor 10 comprises a rotor 8 and a stator 9.In motor cavity 20, rotor 8 is fixed on the main shaft 7, and stator is fixed on the housing 1.

Motor cavity 20 by means of bearing support plate 11 with hold oil sump 26 and separate.Hold in the oil sump 26 lubricating fluid is housed, these fluids will be transported to the sliding parts of bearing.Be fixed with a supplementary bearing 24 on the bearing support plate, this bearing and main bearing 4f are supporting main shaft 7 together.One Differential Control mechanism 30 is installed between back side connecting pipe 2i and the suction side connecting pipe 2h, is used for controlling the back pressure in the back pressure cavity 29, and this back pressure cavity is made of fixed scroll 2, vortex matter revolution 3 and framework 4.

Reference character 13 compression mechanism section that refers to, this part mainly are made up of fixed scroll 2 and vortex matter revolution 3.In the present embodiment, this positive displacement fluid machinery adopts scroll compressor, and therefore, when a pump as just conveyance fluid used, compression mechanism section just played the effect of a pumping mechanism part; When driving the effect of also having played a driving mechanism part when power source uses as one, motor for example, it can obtain mechanical energy from working fluid.

Then, will the running of positive displacement fluid machinery be described.

At first, be described in and start behind the compressor operating condition immediately.

In case drive motor 10, vortex matter revolution 3 is rotated in main shaft 7 rotations therefrom.Yet because the existence of Oldham's coupling ring 5, the rotation of vortex matter revolution 3 can be restricted.Rotation along with main shaft 7, gas in the suction chamber 18 is closed in the compression chamber 6, wherein suction chamber be positioned at external periphery region that two scrollwork 2b and 3b be meshed around, and compression chamber is followed these gases and be discharged to the back chamber 19 that is arranged in the fixed scroll side from exhaust port 2c under a kind of compressive state between these two scroll 2 and 3.Therefore the gas stream that is excreted to the back chamber 19 that is arranged in the fixed scroll side from exhaust port 2c is crossed chute 2j and the 4c excessively that is formed at fixed scroll 2 and framework 4, then, flows to the space between the framework 4 in motor 10 and the motor cavity 20.

Flow to gas in the space between motor 10 and the framework 4 and further flow through slit between rotor 8 and the stator 9, then arrived the side of the bearing support plate 11 of motor cavity 20.The pressurized gas that has arrived the side of bearing support plate 11 rests on the inside of motor cavity 20, has increased the pressure in the motor cavity 20 thus.Therefore, strengthened pressure acts on the surface of lubricating fluid 22 in back chamber 19 of the bottom that is arranged in motor cavity 20 and fixed scroll side.Therefore, the bottom flowing hole 11a of lubricating fluid 22 on bearing support plate 11 flows to and holds in the oil sump 26, thereby the flow surface height that holds oil sump 26 these sides is risen.When the liquid level in the motor cavity 20 had arrived the top of bottom flowing hole 11a, bottom flowing hole 11a just played the effect of a runner, flow to from motor cavity 20 by its gas and held the oil sump 26.At this moment, come up below the lubricating fluid 22 of gas in holding oil sump 26, rise to the surface of lubricating fluid 22, and from compressor, discharge through discharge tube 16 with the bubble state.

According to structure recited above, most lubricating fluid 22 can be retained in the compressor, can prevent that thus fluid lacks phenomenon and takes place.

After starting fluid machinery, the pressure in the back pressure cavity in 29 just approaches suction pressure.Therefore, the feasible lubricating fluid that holds in the oil sump 26, pressure in back pressure cavity 29 and holding under the pressure differential pressure action close with head pressure between the pressure in the oil sump 26 flows to the cap 27 from lubricating fluid service 23, is transported to then among the principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole 7a.A lubricating fluid part that has entered among the principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole 7a utilizes centrifugal force to be fed to supplementary bearing part 24 through supplementary bearing lubricating fluid supply hole 7f, also some lubricating fluid utilizes centrifugal force to be fed to axle envelope 4a by axle envelope lubricating fluid supply hole 7c, and some lubricating fluid also utilizes centrifugal force to be fed to main shaft 4f through main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b.All other parts of lubricating fluid behind the core of the behind that arrives vortex matter revolution 3, are fed to vortex matter revolution bearing 3f under pressure reduction and action of centrifugal force.As a result, just formed a lubrication flow body cavity 28, in this chamber, the pressure that equals head pressure is applied on the core at vortex matter revolution 3 backs.

Supply to the lubricating fluid of main bearing 4f and vortex matter revolution bearing 3f, after bearing part is lubricated, enter back pressure cavity 29.Yet because the middle pressure of bearing part place lubricating fluid is higher and approach to hold the pressure of oil sump 26 than the pressure of back pressure cavity 29, lubricating fluid just is extruded in the back pressure cavity 29.Therefore because the friction effect of bearing part will cause the temperature of lubricating fluid to rise and unexpected pressure descends, this will cause the reduction of gas componant solubility.Therefore, can produce a kind of like this foaming phenomenon during the unexpected vaporization of the gas in being dissolved in lubricating fluid.Along with the foaming of gas componant, lubricating fluid just is transformed into small drop, and these drops move on to the side of vortex matter revolution 3 with gas stream, and lubricating fluid also flows along same direction.Oldham's coupling ring 5 is installed in from main bearing 4f and vortex matter revolution bearing 3f to the passage of vortex matter revolution 3, and lubricating fluid also is transported to the sliding parts of Oldham's coupling ring 5.

After starting, the gas flow that flows in the back pressure cavity 29 just rises suddenly.The gas that flows to like this in the back pressure cavity 29 flows to suction chamber 18, and lubricating fluid also flows in the suction chamber 18.Therefore lubricating fluid in the suction chamber 18 flows in the compression chamber 6, and this compression chamber has a minimum axial clearance, has improved the tightness of compression chamber 6, thereby has reduced the internal leakage of compression chamber 6 and also quickened the rising of head pressure.Afterwards, lubricating fluid is along with gas flows to the back chamber 19 that is arranged in the fixed scroll side from tap hole 2c together.Most of lubricating fluid in the streaming flow partly forms a hermetic unit, therefore flow out the gas in the back chamber 19 that is arranged in the fixed scroll side and the amount of lubricating fluid and lack than the amount of gas that flows to back pressure cavity 29 and lubricating fluid, this has just caused the unexpected rising of pressure in the back pressure cavity 29.

Because the rising of head pressure, pressure in the lubrication flow body cavity 28 also can rise, thereby suddenly increase a power of vortex matter revolution 3 being pressed to fixed scroll 2, correspondingly boost pressure immediately almost just after starting compressor or in a very short time durations more more than release force just is pressed against vortex matter revolution 3 on the fixed scroll 2 thus immediately.As a result, it is littler that the gap between tooth top and the tooth root just becomes, thereby guarantee the tightness after the raising of compression chamber 6.Therefore, the internal leakage of gas will be reduced in compression process, with respect to after starting immediately, has improved performance significantly, and has entered normal running in this state thus.

Below, will the normal operation of positive displacement fluid machinery with the vortex matter revolution 3 on fixed scroll of being compressed against 2 be made an explanation.

All gas in entering back pressure cavity 29 and lubricating fluid directly do not flow to suction chamber 18 this respects different, fluid machinery carry out with start compressor after the identical running of running of generation immediately.Flow in the back pressure cavity 29 gas and lubricating fluid advance around the side of vortex matter revolution 3, part flows to suction chamber 18.Yet because the side of vortex matter revolution 3 is connected with back pressure cavity 29, the pressure in this zone is the pressure in the back pressure cavity 29 no better than.Therefore the most of gas and the lubricating fluid that flow in the back pressure cavity 29 pass pressure reduction control mechanism 30 through back side connecting pipe 2i, flow to then in the suction chamber 18.Pressure reduction control mechanism 30 designs like this, and when the pressure of back pressure cavity 29 was increased to setting value above suction pressure, opened the inboard of valve.Therefore, back pressure cavity 29 communicates with suction chamber 18 through suction side connecting pipe 2h and back side connecting pipe 2i.

As a result, just flow to most of gas in the back pressure cavity 29 and lubricating fluid, successively through back side connecting pipe 2i, pressure reduction control mechanism 30 and suction side connecting pipe 2h, enter suction chamber 18 by following order.Then, the mixed gases in gas and lubricating fluid and the compression chamber 6 improves the tightness of compression chamber 6 therefrom, and is sent to the center of scrollwork, and the mixture of gas and lubricating fluid is discharged from exhaust port 2c from this center.The pressurized gas that is discharged from exhaust port 2c place contains all lubrication flow scale of constructions that flow to vortex matter revolution bearing 3f and main bearing 4f.

And gas and lubricating fluid flow through chute 2j and 4c, and entered motor cavity 20.Afterwards, gas and lubricating fluid are separated into the state that starts before the compressor in holding oil sump 26.Lubricating fluid is stayed and is held in the oil sump 26.

Below, will make an explanation to vortex matter revolution bearing and main bearing.

Fig. 2 is a zoomed-in view of vortex matter revolution bearing part shown in Fig. 1 and main bearing part, and Fig. 3 is the vertical cross section of doing along the left side of Fig. 2.

In these accompanying drawings, in each bearing part, all have an axial lubricating fluid that is used for lubricated vortex matter revolution bearing part on the main shaft surface and supply with the axial lubricating fluid supply groove 32 that groove 31 and is used for lubricated main bearing part.That is to say that in the main bearing part, axially lubricating fluid supply groove 32 is processed to form to the bearing end that is positioned at back pressure cavity 29 sides from main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b, lubricating fluid flows to back pressure cavity.Equally, in the vortex matter revolution bearing part, axially lubricating fluid is supplied with groove 31 and similarly is processed to form from the bearing end to being positioned at back pressure cavity 29 sides of the lubrication flow body cavity 28 that communicates with principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole 7a, and lubricating fluid flows to back pressure cavity.

In order to prevent to supply with the foaming phenomenon of gas componant in the groove at lubricating fluid, make axial lubricating fluid supply with groove 31 and 32 and in plane or transverse section, all form triangle, so that when its trend is positioned at the bearing end of back pressure cavity 29 sides, reduce the cross-sectional area of fluid overflow channel.And these axial lubricating fluids are supplied with groove 31 and 32 and are distributed on the position of sense of rotation (is reference with the direction that acts on the bearing load on vortex matter revolution bearing 3f and the main bearing 4f) with the angle propelling of about 90 degree.Therefore, being used for the axial lubricating fluid of lubricated vortex matter revolution bearing 3f supplies with groove 31 and is used for the axial lubricating fluid of lubricated main bearing 4f and supply with groove 32 and be positioned on the angle of opposite phase.

When thereby rotation motor 10 sucked gas to drive vortex matter revolution 2 compressions with respect to fixed scroll 2, main shaft 7 bore certain load owing to the compression of gas by vortex matter revolution 3.Therefore, the main bearing 4f of supporting spindle 7 and vortex matter revolution bearing 3f also bear this load.Because these loads and main shaft 7 rotate synchronously, the angular orientation that therefore is applied to the load on the main shaft will can not change.Therefore, might supply with groove 31,32 by axial lubricating fluid and supply lubricating fluid continuously, thereby can produce the optimum lubricating fluid mould that is suitable for applying load, and these two supply grooves advance with respect to the angles of the position that applies load with 90 degree.

Axially the cross-sectional area of lubricating fluid supply groove 31,32 reduces along with trend bearing end, and lubricating fluid flows to this bearing end; Therefore the pressure that enters the lubricating fluid in the axial lubricating fluid supply groove 31,32 remains on the height identical with head pressure, thereby is difficult to occur gas foaming phenomenon in lubricating fluid.And, as shown in Figure 3, because axially lubricating fluid is supplied with groove 31,32 processed elongated triangle wedge shape of picture in its view profile, that is to say, towards the bearing end that the is positioned at back pressure cavity 29 sides more and more taper that becomes, therefore, because the wedge effect that lubricating fluid flows will produce the pressure that is higher than head pressure at the bearing end place that is positioned on back pressure cavity 29 sides.

And, in the present embodiment and since axially lubricating fluid supply with groove 31 and 32 extend to always the bearing end that is positioned at back pressure cavity 29 sides near, therefore lubricating fluid can be transported to the All Ranges of bearing end.Therefore the lubricating fluid supply pressure on the bearing face is owing to the wedge effect of lubricating fluid supply groove will can not reduce.Therefore can prevent may be because the gas componant foaming phenomenon that the unexpected pressure at place, bearing end descends and cause, although and lack lubricating fluid at place, bearing end and also can prevent from bearing is caused damage.

And, because lubricating fluid is supplied with the not sudden change of cross sectional area of groove, so can prevent the turbulent phenomenon of whole bearing part lubricating fluid, correspondingly, can reduce and form the necessary thermal energy of micro-bubble core, wherein this core constitutes the root of bubbling, and the refrigeration agent in lubricating fluid is in a kind of hypersaturated state in bearing region thus, has therefore prevented the foaming phenomenon.

So, inevitable even in positive displacement fluid machinery as astable contact at the scroll compressor middle (center) bearing, can prevent also that for above-mentioned reasons bearing internal gas foaming phenomenon from taking place.In addition, might improve the lubricating fluid supply pressure at the place, bearing end on the back pressure cavity side, thereby can prevent because the damage of the bearing that the non-stationary contact causes has been realized the raising of reliability thereupon.

Furthermore, axially there is not step portion in the lubricating fluid supply groove 31 and 32; So, enter in the compressor if come from the abrasive dust of sliding parts or come from outside impurity, and further supply with in the groove 31 and 32 along with lubricating fluid enters lubricating fluid by principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole 7a together, can prevent that also abrasive dust or impurity are accumulated in lubricating fluid and supply with in the groove 31 and 32.Abrasive dust or impurity are supplied with in the groove 31 and 32 if be accumulated in lubricating fluid, will be transported to the bearing load surface together along with lubricating fluid, and understand owing to impurity causes wearing and tearing, and therefore cause reliability decrease.In the present embodiment, lubricating fluid is supplied with the cross sectional area of groove 31 and 32 and is progressively dwindled, and does not have step portion, so abrasive dust or impurity, supply with in the groove even enter lubricating fluid, also will be scatter and be discharged to outside the bearing, so bearing can not be worn.

And, because supplying with groove, lubricating fluid in plane view and view profile, presents triangle, so axially lubricating fluid supply groove 31 and 32 can form by grinding or groove milling processes at an easy rate.Traditional lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is had a smooth or dam shape step portion, therefore must will carry out chamfering to step portion after processing groove.Axial lubricating fluid is in the present embodiment supplied with in the groove 31 and 32, does not have step portion, therefore just can save chamfering process, has improved processibility thus and has reduced manufacture cost.

Lubricating fluid supply groove except being processed into the triangle, can also be processed into irregular quadrilateral by processing technology, makes lubricating fluid supply with groove and slightly communicates with bearing face, perhaps is processed into the build-up curve pattern.In this, under the situation, also can obtain to supply with the identical effect of groove with above-mentioned lubricating fluid.

And in the present embodiment, axially lubricating fluid is supplied with groove 31 and 32 does not have step portion, does not therefore have the stress concentrated part that may occur rupturing.Therefore, be not prone to the material failure phenomenon.In this case, reliability is improved.

According to present embodiment, dwindle the cross sectional area that the lubricating fluid that is formed on the main shaft is supplied with groove by the direction that flows along lubricating fluid, the foaming phenomenon that can prevent to be dissolved in the gas componant in the lubricating fluid occurs.And, because accessing fully, bearing end (it needs most lubricating fluid when steadily not contacting) lubricates, therefore can greatly increase the bearing capacity (the load amount of bearing) of bearing.Therefore, can provide a kind of high reliability, high performance positive displacement fluid machinery.

Fig. 4 has provided second embodiment according to positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention, and more particularly, compressor is a vertical nonrotational floating type scroll compressor with low-pressure cavity system therein.In this compressor, the non-revolution scroll is compressed against on the vortex matter revolution.The non-revolution scroll can move vertically; On the non-compression chamber side of end plate, be provided with a back pressure cavity; And at a vortex matter revolution of working pressure condition and range internal support non-revolution scroll.

Accompanying drawing is the vertical section figure of this compressor, will make an explanation to its principle structure below.

Be installed in the non-revolution scroll 2 of housing 1 ' interior ' in, a scrollwork 2b ' who is positioned on the end plate 2a '; One center matrix part 2e ' is arranged at the center at back; On upper face, be provided with an exhaust port 2c ' and some by-pass hole 2d '.In these by-pass holes 2d ', be equipped with a bypass valve plate 12 '.In center matrix part 2e ', be provided with a back groove part 2f '.Near the groove part 2f ' peripheral part of back, have a pressure reduction control mechanism 30 '.This pressure reduction control mechanism 30 ' be is used for the mechanism of accommodative excess suction pressure.A scrollwork 3b ' who is formed on the end plate 3a ' of vortex matter revolution 3 ' have.Be provided with Oldham's coupling groove 3d ' and 3e ', revolution vortex bearing 3f ' and directed thrust directed thrust surfaces 3c ' at the back side of end plate 3a '.

Framework 4 ' on be processed with one be used for non-revolution scroll 2 ' be installed on the outer periphery the mounting portion and the slide thrust bearing surface of an inside that is positioned at this mounting portion, this slide thrust bearing heads on directed thrust directed thrust surfaces 3c '.In addition, also has a framework Oldham's coupling groove of not expressing.In its outer periphery, be formed with the suction tank that some are not expressed; Be provided with an axle envelope 4a ' and a main bearing 4f ' in the center.Also be provided with a main shaft thrust face 4b ', this thrust face head on the main shaft 7 that is positioned at scroll one side '.On framework, be provided with a lubricating fluid discharge route 4h ', this passage from framework 4 ' the lowermost portion of upper surface pass framework and arrive the lower surface of framework and constitute.Horizontal hole 4g ' constitutes to the space on the frame facet from axle envelope 4a ' and main bearing 4f '.There is a not shown framework projection that goes out to be positioned at Oldham's coupling ring 5 ' this side, and the one not shown pivot protrusion that goes out arranged at opposite side.

A withstand voltage dividing plate 25 ' in, be provided with an exhaust port 25a ' and an exhaust gas recirculation passage 25b ' who is positioned at the center, this return flow line has throttling part and its upper and lower surface of institute is communicated with.At this, a spacer with a very little diametric hole is compressed into wherein.

Main shaft 7 has one and is positioned at its inner principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole 7a ', a main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b ', envelope lubricating fluid supply hole 7c ' and a supplementary bearing lubricating fluid supply hole 7f '.Main shaft 7 ' the upper end part on be formed with one and have a larger-diameter gimbal 7e ' main shaft balance portion 14 ' be pressed into wherein.

One has the bottom crosses the bearing support plate 11 of head piece 11a ' ' with motor cavity 20 ' and hold oil sump 26 ' separate.Hold oil sump 26 ' in, accommodate the lubricating fluid 22 of some sliding partss that will be transported to bearing region '.Bearing support plate 11 ' on, be equipped with a supplementary bearing 24 ', so that and main bearing 4f ' together supporting spindle 7 '.In the compressor of present embodiment, lubricating fluid is transported to bearing region under passive supply system effect; Therefore bearing support plate 11 ' on be equipped with a lubricating fluid supply pump 17 '.One service 23 ' with lubricating fluid supply pump 17 ' link to each other so that carry lubricating fluid.

Contain a rotor 8 ' with stator 9 ' motor 10 ' identical with the motor described in first embodiment, therefore no longer illustrate at this.

Reference character 13 ' represent similar first embodiment compression mechanism section, and mainly by fixed scroll 2 ' and vortex matter revolution 3 ' form.In the present embodiment, this positive displacement fluid machinery is a scroll compressor as compression mechanism section, and when being used as a pump and coming conveyance fluid, this compression mechanism section just plays the effect of a pumping mechanism part.Equally, when being used for as a driving power source as motor obtaining the mechanical energy use from working fluid, this compression mechanism section has just played the effect of similar first embodiment driving mechanism part.

Below, will make an explanation to running.

By intake line 15 ' enter motor cavity 20 ' gas flow to framework 4 ' in suction tank 4c ', be drawn into then suction chamber 18 ' in.Subsequently, gas be sent to compression chamber 6 ', in compression chamber gas owing to vortex matter revolution 3 ' rotation be compressed.Then gas from exhaust port 2c ' be discharged to the non-revolution scroll back chamber 19 that is arranged in non-revolution scroll 2 ' top ', and by discharge tube 16 ' from compressor, discharge.

Non-revolution scroll 2 ' utilize compression chamber 6 ' interior gas pressure and obtain a power so that with vortex matter revolution 3 ' push open, but be compressed against under the thrust of groove part 2f ' overleaf again vortex matter revolution 3 ' on.That is to say, non-revolution scroll 2 ' power give by back side groove part 2f '.On the other hand, vortex matter revolution 3 ' do not have thrust and being supported on the not shown slide thrust bearing that goes out at the vortex matter revolution back side.As a result, can carry out compression operation continuously and can not enlarge the tooth top of scroll and the taper between the tooth root.

Therefore, the pressure of back side groove part 2f ' be subjected to pressure reduction control mechanism 30 ' control.This pressure reduction control mechanism 30 ' with first embodiment in that have identical structure, unique different aspect is to utilize to guide pressure by the pressurized gas and the lubricating fluid of bearing.

Therefore, by only consider with pressure direct into first embodiment in back pressure cavity 29 corresponding back side groove part 2f ', just can obtain optimum design simply.

Be arranged in compressor bottom hold oil sump 26 ' lubricating fluid 22 ' lubricating fluid supply pump 17 ' pump action under, 7a ' is fed to vortex matter revolution bearing 7c ' by principal axis lubrication fluid supply hole.Lubricating fluid 22 ' also be fed to main bearing 4a ' by main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b '.Like this lubricating fluid of Shu Songing enter the revolution back pressure cavity 21 '; Follow a part of fluid enter after lubricated slide thrust bearing suction chamber 18 ', and other remainder just flows to motor cavity 20 by lubricating fluid discharge route 4h ', enter be arranged in bottom the compressor hold oil sump 26 '.

Below, will make an explanation to vortex matter revolution bearing and main bearing.

For vortex matter revolution bearing 3f ' is lubricated, in the main shaft surface, be provided with lubricating fluid supply with groove 31 ', the shape of the axial lubricating fluid supply groove among this shape of supplying with groove and first embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and 3 is identical; Yet different with first embodiment with regard to main bearing 4f ', an axial lubricating fluid is supplied with groove 32 ' be formed at main shaft surface, and from main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7 ' to extending to the main bearing two ends.Because in main bearing 4f ', come from the lubricating fluid of main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b ' not only flow to revolution back pressure cavity 21 ' on the bearing end, and flow to bearing end on this side of axle envelope 4a '.Similar to first embodiment, axially lubricating fluid is supplied with groove 31 ' and 32 ' form approx triangle in plane view or view profile, therefore in order to prevent that gas componant is bubbled in the lubricating fluid supply groove, the cross-sectional area of runner tends to bearing end along with its and reduces.And, axial lubricating fluid supply groove 31 ' and 32 ' distribution advanced along sense of rotation with 90 angles of spending from the position that acts on the bearing load on each bearing; Therefore be used for the lubricating fluid of lubricated vortex matter revolution bearing 3f ' supply with groove 31 ' and ' be used for the lubricating fluid of lubricated main bearing 4f ' to supply with groove 32 ' be positioned at each other on the opposite position of phase place.

In the present embodiment because adopted compressor with low-pressure cavity system, therefore hold oil sump 26 ' in pressure equate with suction pressure; Therefore be dissolved in lubricating fluid 22 ' in the refrigerant gas amount lack than the gas flow in the compressor in high-pressure system chamber with regard to wall with first embodiment, so the foaming of gas componant occur just less.Yet, owing in bearing, be formed with kinetic pressure, therefore in bearing, both existed the zone of high pressure also to have low pressure area, therefore the foaming phenomenon of gas componant will inevitably appear.The lubricating fluid supply groove 31 of present embodiment ' and 32 ' have and the identical advantage of the foregoing description.This also works in the compressor with low-pressure cavity system.

It is pointed out that first and present embodiment in, axially lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is advanced with the angles of 90 degree along sense of rotation from the position that acts on the bearing load on each bearing and distribute, and can advance 180 degree or 270 degree.To advance the angle be 90 to spend when constituting in the scopes of 300 degree when axial lubricating fluid is supplied with groove, and lubricating fluid is transported in the low pressure area of bearing.This structure has the effect of further reduction pressure.

Fig. 5 is the 3rd embodiment of positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention, main bearing and vortex matter revolution bearing after part that shown is is cut off.

Present embodiment and above-mentioned first and second embodiments' difference is, axially lubricating fluid supply groove 32 is darker grooves, the degree of depth of this groove is greater than its width, and its bosom and main bearing lubrication fluid supply hole 7b are the most approaching, and along with it reduces gradually away from its degree of depth of position, deep.

The cross sectional area of runner, similar with first embodiment, also be designed to like this, promptly when its trend upper axis socket end, reduce gradually.First and second embodiments' of a ratio the big runner cross-sectional area of runner cross-sectional area can be provided in the present embodiment.Therefore, in order to solve the overheated such problem in fluid machinery or the bearing region, if used lubricating fluid enters active chamber and can not go wrong in these zones, when flowing to the amount of lubricating fluid of bearing when the needs increase, it is effective that the lubricating fluid of present embodiment is supplied with groove.

Fig. 6 is the 4th embodiment's the main bearing of positive displacement fluid machinery of the present invention and the vertical section figure of vortex matter revolution bearing.

Present embodiment and above-mentioned each embodiment's difference is to be provided with an enclosure portion 31a and 32a on the main shaft 7 adjacent with the bearing end of axial lubricating fluid supply groove 32.That is to say that the axial lubricating fluid of main shaft 7 is supplied with groove 32 and had the enclosure portion 31a adjacent with the bearing end of main bearing 4f.Axial lubricating fluid supply groove 31 on the main shaft 7 also has the adjacent enclosure portion 32a in bearing end with vortex matter revolution bearing 3f.

Usually, bearing contacts just in case the reason that the gas componant that causes is bubbled because the abrupt pressure at enclosure portion 31a and 32a place descends takes place steadily, and it is inadequate to come near the lubricating fluid supply of bearing end, will cause damage to bearing.

With regard to the compressor in the foregoing description, or with regard to other type of positive displacement fluid machinery,, just can apply an alternate load to bearing part if bearing load becomes rotational load or fluctuating load.In this case, bearing surface is subjected to the supporting damage, mainly is fatigue wear and fatigue crack.Specifically under not steady contact conditions, the lubricating fluid mould reaches maximum in axial end portion, therefore just has the pressure more much bigger than the pressure of normal parallel period of contact and acts on the bearing part.

Yet, in the present embodiment, can prevent above-mentioned supporting damage by adopting following structure, will engage accompanying drawing 7 below its reason will at length be explained.

At non-stationary supporting period of contact, will have lubricating fluid mould as shown in Figure 7.The longitudinal axis is represented lubricating fluid mould (relative value), and transverse axis is represented the supporting width with respect to the no dimensional units after the bearing width standardization.In the figure, what curve A was represented is the bearing made from yielding material (for example, as the resin material of PTFE), and the curve B representative is the bearing made from indeformable essence material.

As shown in the figure, the maximum value of lubricating fluid mould bearing width 25% near, be positioned near the bearing face center a bit.Fatigue crack reaches peaked this part generation at pressure.Therefore, because supplying with the inadequate lubricating fluid that causes, lubricating fluid supplies with pressure decline in the groove in order to prevent, enclosure portion 31a and 32a must be shortened, and lubricating fluid must be supplied with groove and extend to the bearing end, thereby just lubricating fluid can be transported to that to damage from maximum pressure position.By enclosure portion 31a and 32a are provided, can limit unexpected minimizing or increase that lubricating fluid is supplied with the lubrication flow scale of construction in the groove, thus, can prevent the foaming phenomenon of gas componant in the lubricating fluid.

That is to say, be set to the 1-20% of bearing width C+D (it plays the function of a bearing), just can obtain a kind of effective closure function by the width C among Fig. 6 of enclosure portion 31a and 32a.

It is pointed out that in the embodiment shown in fig. 6 enclosure portion 31a and 32a are merged into the rectangle lubricating fluid and supply with groove 31 and 32; And also can obtain similar effect with the lubricating fluid supply groove shown in 3 or 5 by enclosure portion 31a and 32a being merged into Fig. 2.

It should be explicitly made clear at this point, in first and second embodiments, although there is not figure to release, but the lubricating fluid that wherein has lubricating fluid to flow is supplied with the end place of groove in all the other zones of bearing and is closed, and the length of this enclosure portion is arranged in the scope of 1-20% of bearing width, thereby can obtain similar effect.

According to embodiment described above, in non-stationary supporting contact, prevent that the damage in the bearing end from being possible, thereby by preventing from bearing, to produce the foaming phenomenon of gas componant, from in sliding bearing, having set up the lubricating fluid mould in essence, and therefore obtain a kind of effect of bearing capacity that can bigger increase bearing.

It is pointed out that in the embodiment described above, and by way of example hermetic type scroll compressor is described; When the present invention is used to positive displacement fluid machinery as pump, gas expander tool or the like except that scroll compressor, also can obtain similar effect.In the process fluid lubricating bearings, not only be used for the lubricating fluid of bearing lubrication but also working fluid self also can or same effect.

And lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is described to an axial groove; Also can obtain same effect by the present invention is applied on the spiral chute, in this spiral chute, the effect of a volute pump is played in the rotation of screw axis.According to the present invention, a kind of positive displacement fluid machinery can be provided, by on whole bearing surface, producing a suitable lubricating fluid mould continuously, particularly by carry lubricating fluid (even under non-stationary supporting contact conditions) to the bearing end, this fluid machinery can prevent from damage is caused in the bearing end.

Claims (7)

1. positive displacement fluid machinery comprises: one is used for compressing or transportation work fluid or obtain mechanism's part of mechanical energy from described working fluid; A main shaft is used for driving mechanism part or be used for obtaining mechanical energy; One is used for supporting the bearing of described main shaft; One lubricating fluid supply hole is used for lubricating fluid is transported to the supporting portion of being made up of main shaft and bearing; And oil sump that holds that is installed in lubricating fluid; Wherein, described positive displacement fluid machinery is provided with one and is arranged in the described supporting portion and the lubricating fluid that links to each other with described lubricating fluid supply hole supply groove, and this supply hole communicates with the described oil sump that holds; And this lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is constituted like this, that is, its cross-sectional area tends to the end of this supply groove along with it and reduces, and lubricating fluid flows in this supplies with groove.

2. positive displacement fluid machinery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and formed like this, promptly, end along with the mobile described supply groove of its trend lubricating fluid does not change its width by reducing its degree of depth and reduces its cross-sectional area.

3. positive displacement fluid machinery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and processed like this, that is, the end along with its trend supply groove reduces its cross-sectional area by reducing its degree of depth and width, and lubricating fluid flows in groove.

4. as claim 2 or 3 described positive displacement fluid machineries, it is characterized in that described lubricating fluid is supplied with the tail end of groove in bearing part and is closed, lubricating fluid flows in groove.

5. positive displacement fluid machinery as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the length of described enclosure portion is in the scope of the 1-20% of bearing width.

6. positive displacement fluid machinery comprises: one is used for compressing or transportation work fluid or obtain mechanism's part of mechanical energy from working fluid; A main shaft is used for driving mechanism part or obtain mechanical energy; One bearing is used for supporting described main shaft; One lubricating fluid supply hole is used for lubricating fluid is transported to the bearing part of being made up of main shaft and described bearing; And oil sump that holds that is installed in lubricating fluid; Wherein, described positive displacement fluid machinery has a lubricating fluid that is provided with at described bearing part to supply with groove, and this groove links to each other with the lubricating fluid supply hole, and supply hole with hold oil sump and link to each other; The end that the supply groove is positioned at bearing part is closed, and lubricating fluid flows in this supplies with groove; And the length of described enclosure portion is in the scope of the 1-20% of bearing width.

7. positive displacement fluid machinery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described lubricating fluid is supplied with groove and is arranged in the described outerface of spindle that does not have the load effect or in the described bearing inner surface.

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