CN1280386C - 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 - Google Patents
适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1280386C CN1280386C CNB018200397A CN01820039A CN1280386C CN 1280386 C CN1280386 C CN 1280386C CN B018200397 A CNB018200397 A CN B018200397A CN 01820039 A CN01820039 A CN 01820039A CN 1280386 C CN1280386 C CN 1280386C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- basic
- lubricating
- lubricating coating
- lubricants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 104
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004707 phenolate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 163
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 151
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 53
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 34
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 24
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- -1 aromatic sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 18
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 13
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 6
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 241000083652 Osca Species 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSSCC1=CC=CC=C1 GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BTGGRPUPMPLZNT-PGEUSFDPSA-N 2,2-bis[[(z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxymethyl]butyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC BTGGRPUPMPLZNT-PGEUSFDPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHBSECWYEFJRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O VHBSECWYEFJRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007065 Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005358 Tooth Attrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005119 alkyl cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IQBJFLXHQFMQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;zinc;phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IQBJFLXHQFMQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPBMDAHKYSRJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC SPBMDAHKYSRJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006334 epoxy coating Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJMZLCRLBNZJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiophene-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(N)SC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 CJMZLCRLBNZJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWKHTBXFNVGFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(2+);manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O AWKHTBXFNVGFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical class O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N nifuroxazide Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009931 pascalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UKXMFHBVJMXVCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=S)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC UKXMFHBVJMXVCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M165/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/042—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/047—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
- F16L15/004—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads with axial sealings having at least one plastically deformable sealing surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
- F16L58/182—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for screw-threaded joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
- C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
- C10M2205/0225—Ethene used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/024—Propene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
- C10M2205/043—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
- C10M2207/0285—Overbased salts thereof used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
- C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
- C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
- C10M2207/2623—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
- C10M2209/0845—Acrylate; Methacrylate used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/044—Polyamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
- C10M2219/0463—Overbased sulfonic acid salts used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
- C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2080/00—Special pretreatment of the material to be lubricated, e.g. phosphatising or chromatising of a metal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
其中至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂溶解在挥发性有机溶剂中的润滑涂层组合物涂覆在构成用于油井管的螺纹接头的盒套和栓杆的摩擦表面上。该组合物还可以含有一种或多种热塑性树脂、其它润滑剂和极压剂。摩擦表面的表面粗糙度Rmax优选是5-40微米。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及适用于润滑用于金属管特别是油井管的螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物，本发明还涉及用该组合物润滑螺纹接头的方法。本发明的润滑涂层组合物可赋予用于油井管的螺纹接头以充分的润滑性和防锈性，并且不需要涂覆润滑脂。
发明背景
钻探原油和瓦斯油的油井中使用的油井管如配管和套管一般用螺纹接头相互连接。过去的油井深度一般为2000-3000米，而近来的海上油田及其它深井的油井深度可达8000-10000米。
用于油井管的螺纹接头在其使用环境中要承受各种压力，包括油井管和螺纹接头的重量、内压和外压相结合的压力及低热所造成的荷重如轴向张力。因此，接头在如此严酷的环境中必须能够保持气密性，不能产生破损。
在将配管或套管下降到油井的过程中，往往需要松开或拆卸为连接而一度紧固的接头，然后再将其紧固。API(美国石油协会)的要求是，不能发生属于不可恢复的咬合性质的磨损，对于配管接头，即使重复紧固(装配)和松开(分开)十次，也能够保持气密性，对于套管接头，即使重复紧固(装配)和松开(分开)三次，也能够保持气密性。
具有优异密封性能的一类用于油井管的螺纹接头具有形成密封的金属与金属接触部位的栓杆-盒套结构。在该螺纹接头中，栓杆一般形成在油井管每一个端部的外表面上。栓杆具有外螺纹部位和没有螺纹的金属接触部位。后一部位在后面称之为“无螺纹金属接触部位”，其位于管端部螺纹部位的前端。盒套形成在单独的袖状连接部件的内表面上，其具有分别与相应的栓杆的螺纹和无螺纹部位接触或配合的内螺纹部位和位于该螺纹部位后端上的无螺纹金属接触部位。当栓杆旋入盒套用于紧固时，栓杆和盒套的无螺纹金属接触部位相互紧密接触，形成金属密封。
作为一个原则，栓杆可形成在油井管的一端上，而盒套可形成在油井管的相对端上，这样可以不使用单独的连接部件而使两个油井管相互依序连接在一起。还可以在油井管的两端的内表面上形成内螺纹以定义盒套，在连接部件的每一端上形成外螺纹以定义栓杆。
为了用上述螺纹接头的金属密封保证其在油井管环境中充分的密封性能，在紧固过程中必须在无螺纹金属接触部位施加极高的表面压力。如此高的压力易于使其磨损。因此，在紧固前，为了提高抗磨损性能和形成气密性改善的密封，在金属接触部位和螺纹上涂覆称为化合物脂的润滑脂。
但是，化合物脂含有大量重金属如Pb、Zn或Cu的粉末，当洗去涂覆的脂时，有可能造成环境污染。另外，使用化合物脂将恶化工作环境，降低工作效率。因此，目前需要不必涂覆润滑脂如化合物脂的螺纹接头。
至于不使用润滑脂的螺纹接头，日本公开未审专利申请8-233164(1996)和9-72467(1997)公开了在盒套或栓杆的金属接触部位上形成有固体润滑剂树脂涂层的栓杆-盒套型螺纹接头。该涂层基于固体润滑剂，其包括大量分散在树脂如环氧树脂中的固体润滑剂如二硫化钼。日本公开未审专利申请11-132370(1999)公开了锥度比得以优化的具有这种固体润滑剂树脂涂层的螺纹接头。
但是，沿螺纹接头的螺纹和无螺纹金属接触部位的形状难以形成厚度均匀的固体润滑剂树脂涂层。如果不能形成具有上述均匀厚度的涂层，在涂层太厚的那些区域中，在紧固螺纹接头的过程中施加在其上的表面压力太大，将导致紧固所需的扭矩(装配扭矩)增加，也可能导致螺纹的形状变形，从而易于发生磨损。另一方面，在涂层太薄的区域中，润滑性差，并且易于生锈。
在油井中，通常在使要连接的油井管直立，而油井管一端的栓杆朝地的状态下将多个油井管相互连接。在紧固时，通常会发生下述形式的位错：管的纵轴，即旋转栓杆时的旋转轴水平偏离其中插入栓杆的盒套轴的位置，或者从直立位置偏向一侧。另外，当油井管直立时，从内表面剥落的锈或鳞片或者为除去锈或鳞片而加入的爆破颗粒会经由管腔下落，粘附或沉积在接头上。因此，紧固可能是在螺纹部位或无螺纹金属接触部位上粘附有锈或鳞片或爆破颗粒的条件下进行的。
在涉及上述位错和/或沉积外来物质的问题(这些问题在油井中紧固管的过程中经常发生)的条件下，即使能够形成具有上述恒定厚度的固体润滑剂树脂涂层，也易于发生磨损。这是因为固体润滑剂树脂涂层具有差的延伸性和流动性，并且易于剥落。在上述条件下，在螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位中的一些区域上可能施加局部过大的压力，从而造成过大压力区域中固体润滑剂树脂涂层剥落。因此，裸露的金属表面可能暴露在接头的一些区域中，导致磨损的发生。
另一方面，当本身流动性良好的脂性或油性润滑剂涂覆在螺纹接头上时，在紧固接头时，压力作用于螺纹之间的缝隙或表面凹下部位中限定的润滑剂上，造成受压的润滑剂渗入周围区域，结果使金属接触部位成功地得以润滑。这种效果对于本身延伸性和流动性差的固体润滑剂树脂涂层来说是不可预料的。
润滑脂通常要洗去，在每一次紧固操作前要再次涂覆。相反，固体润滑剂树脂涂层在开始紧固操作前形成，并且应当一直保持到最后一次紧固操作，所以它具有如下所述的防锈性问题。
图1是示意图，图示的油井管1具有两端都有外螺纹部位3的栓杆，图示的螺纹连接部件2具有两端都有内螺纹部位4的盒套。
油井管1通常在图1所示的状态下装运，即，连接部件2事先连接在油井管1的一端上。因此，在将螺纹连接部件2连接在油井管1的一端上(装运前进行)之前必须形成上述固体润滑剂树脂涂层。得到的油井管/连接部件组件在各自没有连接配合盒套(box)或栓杆的一端有栓杆或盒套，在装运或储存过程中这样的栓杆或盒套常常暴露在雨水中。固体润滑剂树脂涂层没有足够高的防锈性以在如此条件下完全保护栓杆和盒套，这样易于生锈。如果部分为防锈目的而在装运前涂覆化合物脂，则能够更有效地防锈。
由于铁锈差的润滑性，并且由于伴随铁锈生成所产生的固体润滑剂树脂涂层的膨胀或剥落，紧固生锈接头需要的装配扭矩变得更不稳定，从而更易于发生磨损，并且使气密性降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种适用于特别是在用于油井管的螺纹接头上形成润滑涂层的组合物，使用该组合物至少可部分缓解或消除现有技术中的上述问题。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种在不使用化合物脂的条件下能够防止或减少铁锈形成的润滑涂层组合物，从而改善装配扭矩的稳定性。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种即使在诸如存在有管的位错或接头上粘附有锈或鳞片或喷沙颗粒(blasting particles)(这些情况在实际紧固工序中经常发生)的条件下紧固螺纹接头也能使用于油井管的螺纹接头具有优异的抗磨损性能并且能够形成良好气密性密封的润滑涂层组合物。
本发明的发明人通过用图2所示的旋转摩擦试验机测量直至磨损时的载荷能力来研究半固体或粘性流体(下面将其一起称为半干材料)涂层的抗磨损性能。他们还用JIS Z2371中规定的盐水喷洒实验研究涂层的防锈性能。结果他们有下述发现：
[抗磨损性]
(1)旋转摩擦试验机测量的直至发生磨损时的载荷能力与用实际管进行的重复装配和拆开实验中磨损发生的容易程度有很好的关联。
(2)碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐在室温下都是脂状半固体或粘性润滑剂。它们在水静压下具有流动性，即使是较薄涂层也具有优异的抗磨损性。
(3)当这些润滑剂中的任何一种至少部分溶解在溶剂中并且将得到的溶液涂覆在螺纹接头上形成薄涂层时，润滑剂的粘附性降低，从而降低外来物质在涂层上的粘附性，改善抗磨损性。
(4)在润滑剂中加入热塑性树脂可进一步降低润滑剂的粘附性，并且有助于增加粘度，从而进一步提高抗磨损性。
(5)其上涂覆润滑剂的基底的表面粗糙度越大，抗磨损性提高的越多。
[防锈性]
(1)碱式磺酸盐、水杨酸盐或石炭酸盐比中性盐具有更好的防锈性。
(2)当在涂覆前用溶剂稀释这些润滑剂时，它们被基底更均匀地吸附，即使是薄的涂层也具有良好的防锈性。
一方面，本发明提供一种润滑涂层组合物，其包括挥发性有机溶剂和至少部分溶解在该溶剂中的至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂。
本发明的另一方面是用于金属管的螺纹接头，其包括能够相互配合的栓杆和盒套，栓杆有外螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位，盒套有内螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位，其中，栓杆和盒套中的至少一个有形成在螺纹部位和/或无螺纹金属接触部位上的润滑涂层，润滑涂层包括至少10wt％的至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂。这种螺纹接头在装配时不用涂覆脂润滑剂。
在一个优选实施方案中，润滑涂层组合物或润滑涂层还包括热塑性树脂，热塑性树脂优选是不溶于溶剂的粉末形式。在另一个优选实施方案中，组合物或涂层还包括至少一种选自非碱式润滑剂的润滑剂和极压剂的添加剂。
本发明还涉及用于金属管的螺纹接头的润滑方法，其中，上述润滑涂层组合物涂覆在螺纹接头的栓杆和盒套中至少一个的螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位的至少一部分上，然后干燥，蒸发掉溶剂，形成半干润滑涂层。
日本公开未审专利申请2-229891(1990)公开了一种包括至少一种碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的润滑油组合物。但是，如下所述，这种润滑油组合物与本发明的润滑涂层组合物有实质上的不同。
日本公开未审专利申请2-229891公开的润滑油组合物包括润滑油的基础油中的至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂和胺添加剂。因为基础油不挥发，所以该组合物形成油涂层，当涂覆时，基础油不会挥发而保留下来。
相反，在本发明的润滑涂层组合物中，选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂至少部分溶解在挥发性溶剂中。因为在涂覆后的干燥过程中溶剂蒸发，所以溶剂基本上不会留在润滑涂层中。因此，上述日本公开专利申请中使用的基础油和本发明使用的挥发性溶剂的作用存在根本性的不同。
另外，当本发明的润滑涂层组合物涂覆在用于油井管的螺纹接头上时，该组合物形成即使重复进行装配和拆卸时也能连续发挥润滑作用的润滑涂层。这种润滑涂层含有至少10wt％的作为主要润滑剂的碱式润滑剂，即使其不包括另一种润滑剂如基础油，它也具有润滑作用。
相反，上述公开专利申请中所述的润滑油组合物是用于切削或研磨金属时用的油。碱式润滑剂在润滑油组合物中的比例是0.1-10wt％，因为基础油不蒸发，所以油涂层中存在同样比例的碱式润滑剂。因此，碱式润滑剂对于润滑油涂层来说不过是一种添加剂。因此，本发明的润滑涂层的组成和用途不同于上述日本公开专利申请中所述的那些润滑油组合物。
日本公开未审专利申请5-306397(1993)公开了一种用于热轧钢的润滑组合物，其中，在用于热轧的基础油中加入大量高碱性磺酸钙。这种润滑组合物与本发明的组合物的不同之处也在于基础油不挥发，将保留在得到的油涂层中。另外，其用途也不同于本发明。
附图简述
图1是示出在装运时油井管和与油井管连接的螺纹连接部件的组装结构的示意图。
图2是示出用于评价本发明的润滑涂层组合物的润滑性的旋转摩擦试验机的示意图。
图3是示出用于油井管的螺纹接头的示意图。
图4是示出用于油井管的螺纹接头的螺纹部位和无螺纹接触部位中存在的微小缝隙(间距)的示意图。
图5(a)、5(b)和5(c)是示出在本发明的用于油井管的螺纹接头的一些实施方案中的栓杆的表面处理后的无螺纹接触部位上形成的润滑涂层的放大的示意性横截面图。
图6是示出在本发明的用于油井管的螺纹接头的另一个实施方案的无螺纹接触部位上形成的润滑涂层的放大的示意性横截面图。
具体实施方式
下面详述本发明的润滑涂层组合物，该组合物包括溶剂和任选地和其它组分一起的作为必需组分的特定碱式润滑剂。
[溶剂]
溶剂用于溶解或分散碱式润滑剂和其它任选的润滑剂和添加剂。组合物中存在溶剂的目的是可以有效地形成厚度均匀的润滑涂层和组合物。结果，碱式润滑剂和其它润滑组分被均匀地吸附在基底表面上，即使涂层很薄也能形成具有优异防锈性能的润滑涂层。
在本发明中，使用的溶剂是挥发性的。即，与传统润滑油中使用的基础油相比，该溶剂在形成涂层的过程中挥发或蒸发，基本上不会保留在得到的润滑涂层中。本申请中使用的术语“挥发性”表示在涂层形成时溶剂具有在室温至150℃的温度下蒸发的趋势。
溶剂的种类并非关键，只要是能够完全或部分溶解碱式润滑剂并且在涂覆后的干燥过程中能易于蒸发的有机液体即可。适用于本发明的挥发性溶剂的例子包括石油溶剂如洗涤溶剂和JIS K2201所规定的对应于工业汽油的矿油精、芳族石脑油、二甲苯和溶纤剂。可以使用两种或多种这些溶剂的混合物。优选地是，溶剂的闪点至少是30℃，初沸点至少是150℃，终点至多是210℃，因为这样的溶剂较易处理，并且能够快速蒸发，这样可以减少干燥所需的时间。
[碱式润滑剂]
至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂在本发明的润滑涂层组合物中用作主要的润滑组分。主要的润滑组分并不一定总是以最大量存在于组合物中，但却是在本发明组合物的润滑性中起主要作用的组分。
每一种这些碱式润滑剂都是由芳香酸和过量碱构成的盐。如下所述，这种碱式润滑剂含有过量的碱，是分散在油性物质中的胶粒形式，在室温下是脂状半固体或粘性流体。
A、碱式磺酸盐：
构成碱式磺酸盐的磺酸部分可以是通过磺化石油馏分中的芳香组分得到的石油磺酸或合成的芳族磺酸。合成的芳族磺酸的例子包括十二烷基苯磺酸、二壬基萘磺酸等。这种磺酸盐的阳离子部分或盐可以是碱金属或碱土金属盐。其中优选碱土金属盐，特别是钙盐、钡盐和镁盐。这些盐具有几乎相同的作用。
下面以碱式磺酸钙为例进行说明，但是碱式磺酸盐不局限于这种钙盐。碱式磺酸钙可以商购。商购产品的例子是Matsumura Petroleum Institute生产的Sulfol 1040和Japan Lubrizol生产的Lubrizol 5318。
用下述方法制备碱式磺酸钙：在适当的溶剂，如选自芳香烃、醇和矿物油的溶剂中溶解中性磺酸盐，加入其量足以得到碱式磺酸钙所需碱值的氢氧化钙，并且搅拌。然后，使为碳酸化加入的氢氧化钙而通入的过量二氧化碳气体经过该混合物，然后在有助滤剂如活性高岭土存在的条件下过滤。将滤液真空蒸馏，除去挥发性溶剂，留下的残余物就是所需的碱式磺酸钙。
用该方法制备的碱式磺酸钙是脂状半固体或粘性流体，其含有稳定地分散在油性物质中的碳酸钙胶状微粒。因为碳酸钙的分散颗粒可作为固体润滑剂，特别是在有轻微螺纹干扰的苛刻紧固条件下，碱式磺酸钙与一般的液体润滑油相比具有明显高级的润滑性。另外，在摩擦表面具有轻微不规则性(表面粗糙度)的情况下，由于水静压造成的微观流体膜润滑作用和微粒的固体润滑作用的结合效应，碱式磺酸钙对用于油井管的螺纹接头具有更优异的抗磨损作用。
至于传统上在紧固前涂覆在用于油井管的螺纹接头上的上述化合物脂，其中含有的重金属如Pb的粉末作为固体润滑剂，粉末的固体润滑作用和脂的流体膜润滑作用的结合效应使用于油井管的螺纹接头具有紧固时所需的抗磨损性和气密性。在本发明的润滑涂层组合物中，碱式磺酸盐自身就具有固体润滑作用和流体膜润滑作用，因此，它能够在不使用重金属粉末的条件下和化合物脂一样赋予用于油井管的螺纹接头以同样的抗磨损性和气密性。用碱式水杨酸盐或碱式石炭酸盐也能得到碱式磺酸盐的这种作用。
B、碱式水杨酸盐
碱式水杨酸盐可以是烷基水杨酸的碱金属盐或碱土金属盐。烷基水杨酸可以用烷基酚通过科尔柏-施密特(Kolbe-Schmitt)反应制备，烷基酚是用具有约14至约18个碳原子的α-烯烃将酚烷基化后得到的。该盐优选是碱土金属盐，特别是钙盐、钡盐或镁盐。
可以用碱式磺酸盐部分中所述的同样的方法通过将中性水杨酸盐转化为碱式盐来制备碱式水杨酸盐。碱式水杨酸盐是脂状半固体或粘性物质，其含有分散在油中的碱金属碳酸盐胶粒。碱式水杨酸钙也可商购。商购产品的例子包括OSCA Chemicals的OSCA 431和OSCA 453及ShellChemicals的SAP 005。
C、碱式石炭酸盐
可以用碱式磺酸盐部分中所述的同样的方法通过将中性石炭酸盐转化为碱式盐来制备碱式石炭酸盐。在醇溶剂中有单质硫存在的条件下使上述烷基酚和金属氢氧化物反应可制得中性石炭酸盐。碱式石炭酸盐也是脂状半固体或粘性流体，其含有分散在油中的过量的碱金属碳酸盐胶粒。该盐优选是碱土金属盐，特别是钙盐、钡盐或镁盐。
在本发明的润滑涂层组合物中，至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂用作主要润滑剂。当使用两种或多种碱式润滑剂时，它们可以同类(例如，两种碱式磺酸盐)，也可以不同类(如碱式磺酸盐和碱式水杨酸盐结合)。
使用的碱式润滑剂的碱值越高，作为固体润滑剂的过量碳酸盐微粒的量越大，润滑性和抗磨损性越高。另外，碱度大于某一值的润滑涂层能够提高防锈性，因为这样的涂层具有中和导致生锈的酸性物质的作用。因此，本发明使用的碱式润滑剂的碱值(JIS K2501)(当使用两种或多种碱式润滑剂时，碱值表示它们的重均碱值)至少是50mg KOH/g。但是，碱值大于500mg KOH/g的碱式润滑剂的亲水性提高，从而使其防锈性下降。碱式润滑剂的碱值更优选是100-500mg KOH/g，最优选是250-450mgKOH/g。
[热塑性树脂]
本发明的润滑涂层组合物优选还包括热塑性树脂，因为这样的树脂有助于增加润滑涂层的厚度，当将其引入摩擦界面时还能够增加抗磨损性。
有用的热塑性树脂的例子包括但不限定为聚乙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂、苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物树脂、聚酰胺树脂等。可以使用这些树脂的共聚物或混合物及这些树脂和其它热塑性树脂的共聚物或混合物。热塑性树脂的密度(JIS K7112)优选是0.9-1.2。基于对树脂在摩擦表面上易于变形和具有润滑性的需要，热塑性树脂的热变形温度(JIS K7206)优选为50-150℃。
热塑性树脂以颗粒形式存在于润滑涂层中时能够有效地改善抗磨损性，因为当把这些颗粒引入摩擦界面时，这些颗粒具有和固体润滑剂同样的润滑作用。因此，热塑性树脂优选是粉末形式，特别是球状，并且不能溶于润滑涂层组合物中使用的有机溶剂。只要热塑性树脂粉末可分散或悬浮在溶剂中即可，热塑性树脂在溶剂中可以溶胀。
为了增加组合物粘度，从而增加得到的涂层厚度，并且为了改善抗磨损性，热塑性树脂粉末具有微粒直径是有利的。但是，直径小于0.05微米的颗粒会使润滑涂层组合物具有明显的胶凝趋势，因此难以形成厚度均匀的涂层。直径大于30微米的颗粒难以引入摩擦界面，并且在组合物中的沉降或漂浮易于使其分离，因此难以形成均一涂层。因此，颗粒直径优选是0.05-30微米，更优选0.07-20微米。
[其它润滑剂]
本发明的润滑涂层组合物优选还可以包括一种或多种不是上述碱式润滑剂的润滑剂。可用于本发明的这些其它润滑剂的非限定性例子包括脂肪酸的碱土金属盐或碱金属盐、合成酯、天然油和脂肪、腊和矿物油。加入一种或多种其它润滑剂不仅可以降低本发明的润滑涂层组合物的成本，而且在某些情况下还可以改善其性能。
脂肪酸的碱土金属盐或碱金属盐具有类似于上述碱式润滑剂如碱式磺酸盐的性能，尽管二者的程度不同，脂肪酸的碱土金属盐或碱金属盐可以包括在本发明的组合物中作为稀释组分。从润滑性和防锈性的角度考虑，脂肪酸优选有12-30个碳原子。脂肪酸可以是衍生自天然油或脂肪的混合脂肪酸或单一脂肪酸化合物。脂肪酸盐优选是钙盐，可以是中性盐或碱式盐。
合成酯具有增加热塑性树脂的塑性的作用，同时还可以增加润滑涂层在水静压下的流动性。因此，本发明的润滑涂层组合物中优选存在有合成酯。还可以用高熔点合成酯调节得到的润滑涂层的熔点和硬度或软度。
适用于本发明的合成酯包括但不限定为脂肪酸单酯、二元酸二酯和三羟甲基丙烷和季戊四醇的脂肪酸酯。脂肪酸单酯的例子包括具有12-24个碳原子的羧酸和具有8-20个碳原子的高级醇的单酯。二元酸二酯的例子包括具有6-10个碳原子的二元酸和具有8-20个碳原子的高级醇的二酯。构成三羟甲基丙烷和季戊四醇的脂肪酸酯的脂肪酸的例子是具有8-18个碳原子的那些脂肪酸。
另外，天然油和脂肪如牛油、猪油、羊毛脂、棕榈油、菜子油和椰子油；蜡如天然蜡或分子量为150-500的石蜡；40℃时粘度为10-300cSt的矿物油或合成矿物油可用于调节润滑涂层的粘度。
[极压剂]
本发明的润滑涂层组合物中可以存在有极压剂，因为极压剂能够提高抗磨损性。极压剂的非限定性例子包括硫化油和脂肪、多硫化物、磷酸盐、亚磷酸盐、硫代磷酸盐和二硫代磷酸的金属盐。
优选的硫化油和脂肪的例子包括硫含量为5-30wt％的那些化合物，其是通过将硫加入具有不饱和键的动物或植物油或脂肪中，然后加热制得的。
多硫化物包括二烷基、二芳基、二芳烷基和二烷芳基多硫化物和硫化烯烃，每一个都有2-5个连续硫化物基团。优选的多硫化物的例子包括二苄基二硫化物、二叔十二烷基多硫化物和二叔壬基多硫化物。
磷酸盐、亚磷酸盐、硫代磷酸盐和二硫代磷酸的金属盐可以是具有下式的那些化合物：
磷酸盐：(R3O)(R4O)P(＝O)(OR5)
亚磷酸盐：(R3O)(R4O)P(OR5)
硫代磷酸盐：(R3O)(R4O)P(＝S)(OR5)
二硫代磷酸的金属盐：[(R3O)(R6O)P(＝S)-S]2-Me
在上式中，R3-R6各自表示最多有24个碳原子的烷基、环烷基、烷基环烷基、芳基、烷基芳基或芳基烷基，或R4和R5也可以是氢。Me表示钼(Mo)、锌(Zn)或钡(Ba)。
这些化合物特别优选的例子包括：对于磷酸盐来说，特别优选的例子包括三甲苯基磷酸盐和二辛基磷酸盐；对于亚磷酸盐来说，特别优选的例子包括三硬脂基亚磷酸盐、三癸基亚磷酸盐和二月桂基亚磷酸氢盐；对于硫代磷酸盐来说，特别优选的例子包括三(十二烷基)硫代磷酸盐、三(十三烷基)硫代磷酸盐和三烷基苯基硫代磷酸盐；对于二硫代磷酸的金属盐来说，特别优选的例子包括其中的R3和R6是具有3-20个碳原子的伯或仲烷基的二烷基二硫代磷酸锌。
[润滑涂层组合物]
本发明的润滑涂层组合物的各个组分的量没有特别限定，只要该组合物能够形成在紧固用于油井管的螺纹接头时具有优异的抗磨损性并且具有良好防锈性的润滑涂层即可。但是，各个组分的优选量如下。
挥发性有机溶剂在组合物中的存在量足以溶解或分散碱式润滑剂和其它润滑剂和添加剂，使组合物具有对待涂层的表面来说良好的润湿性和涂抹性，并且能够促进接头表面对碱式润滑剂和其它润滑剂的吸附。如果溶剂的量太小，则组合物的粘度很高，将影响涂层工序，或者难以充分达到上述效果。另一方面，如果溶剂的量太大，则得到的涂层太薄，不能充分达到所需的润滑性和防锈性。溶剂在润滑涂层组合物中的存在量优选是25-80wt％，更优选30-70wt％。
因为溶剂基本上不保留在干燥后形成的润滑涂层中，所以润滑涂层由剩余的非溶剂的非挥发性组分构成。因此，所有非挥发性组分的总量为100重量份时各个组分的量等于润滑涂层中各个组分的量。为了表示各个组分在干燥涂层中的含量，用基于除溶剂外的所有组分的总量为100wt％时的wt％表示除溶剂外的各个组分的量。
作为本发明润滑涂层主要组分的碱式润滑剂一般是润滑涂层的10-100wt％。优选是15-100wt％，更优选20-100wt％，最优选30-80wt％。
选择的碱式润滑剂的量还优选使得到的润滑涂层的碱值至少是50mgKOH/g。例如，含20wt％的碱值为400mg KOH/g的碱式润滑剂作为单一碱性组分的润滑涂层的碱值是80mg KOH/g。因此，随着碱式润滑剂的碱值的增加，碱式润滑剂的量可以减少，而存在的其它润滑剂的量可以增加。
热塑性树脂在润滑涂层中的存在量可以是0-30wt％。大量的树脂，特别是粉末形式的树脂会造成大量胶凝，从而难以形成厚度均匀的涂层。热塑性树脂的量优选至多为20wt％，更优选至多为15wt％。为了通过加入热塑性树脂改善抗磨损性，热塑性树脂在润滑涂层中的量优选至少为0.5wt％，更优选至少为1wt％，最优选至少为2wt％。
其它润滑剂在润滑涂层中的量优选是0-90wt％，更优选至多为75wt％，甚至更优选至多为60wt％。因为其它润滑剂使其易于形成均匀的润滑涂层，所以该组合物优选含有至少5wt％的一种或多种其它润滑剂。如上所述，当碱式润滑剂具有高碱值时，大量加入其它润滑剂会稍微削弱润滑性。
极压剂在润滑涂层中的量优选是0-15wt％，更优选至多为10wt％。为了通过极压剂得到改善抗磨损性的作用，其存在量优选至少为1wt％。如果极压剂的量太大，则可能对防锈性有负面影响。
除上述组分外，本发明的润滑涂层组合物还可以包括一种或多种其它组分如抗氧化剂、防腐剂、着色剂等。
本发明的润滑涂层组合物的性能如粘度、碱值和皂化值没有特别限定，但优选是下述范围。
40℃时测定的润滑涂层组合物的粘度优选是2-300cSt，更优选3-250cSt。粘度低于2cSt时可能导致形成的润滑涂层太薄，不能得到充分的防锈性。如果粘度高于300cSt，则难以形成厚度均匀的涂层。可以用溶剂的量调节粘度。
如上所述，润滑涂层组合物的碱值优选使用其形成的干燥后的润滑涂层(蒸发掉溶剂后)的碱值是50-500mg KOH/g，更优选100-500mgKOH/g。可以用碱式润滑剂和其它碱性组分(如果存在)的碱值和含量调节涂层的碱值。
润滑涂层组合物的皂化值优选使用其形成的干燥后涂层的皂化值是30-100mg KOH/g。皂化值来自于用作其它润滑剂和极压剂的各种油和脂肪或其衍生物，可以用这些组分的皂化值及其量调节涂层的皂化值。当根本不使用这些组分时，皂化值可以是零。
[涂覆用于油井管的螺纹接头]
用将本发明的润滑涂层组合物涂覆用于油井管的一般螺纹接头的实施方案说明本发明，尽管该润滑涂层组合物可以涂覆用于其它金属管的螺纹接头。
图3是用于油井管的一般纵向螺纹接头一部分的示意性纵向横截面图。在该图中，1a表示形成在油井管端部上的栓杆，2a表示形成在连接部件上的盒套，3表示栓杆的外螺纹部位，4表示盒套的内螺纹部位，8表示栓杆1a和盒套2a的无螺纹金属接触部位。
图4是图3一部分的放大图，示出无螺纹金属接触部位8和分别对应于栓杆1a和盒套2a的螺纹部位3、4的邻接区域。该图示出在螺纹部位和无螺纹接触部位中存在的微小缝隙(间距)。在图4中，与图3中相同的部件具有同样的标号。
图5(a)、5(b)和5(c)是在用于具有不同类型表面预处理的油井管的螺纹接头上形成的本发明的润滑涂层的放大的示意性横截面图，其示出栓杆1a的无螺纹金属接触部位。图5(a)示出在例如通过机械加工产生有较小表面粗糙度的栓杆1a的表面12上形成润滑涂层11的实施方案。图5(b)示出在例如通过机械加工后的喷砂或喷丸处理产生的栓杆1a的粗糙表面12上形成润滑涂层11的实施方案。图5(c)示出在表面粗糙度很大的预处理涂层13上形成润滑涂层11的实施方案，例如用化学转化处理法在例如通过机械加工产生有较小表面粗糙度的栓杆1a的表面12上形成的磷酸锰涂层。标号14表示预处理涂层13的表面。
图6示出润滑涂层，与图5(a)-5(c)的方式一样，是盒套2a的表面15和栓杆1a的表面12都有润滑涂层11的实施方案。在该特定实施方案中，盒套2a具有预处理涂层13，如其上形成有润滑涂层11的粗糙表面14的磷酸锰涂层。
如图3所示，用于油井管的一般螺纹接头包括能够相互配合的栓杆1a和盒套2a。栓杆1a具有包括形成在油井管每一端部外表面上的外螺纹部位3和无螺纹金属接触部位8的配合表面。更确切地说，无螺纹金属接触部位8位于管的顶端，并且从顶部向内延伸至螺纹部位3。同样，盒套2a具有包括形成在袖状螺纹连接部件内表面上的内螺纹部位4和无螺纹金属接触部位8的配合表面。
还可以在连接部件上形成栓杆，而在油井管上形成盒套，或者在每一个油井管的一端上形成栓杆，而在相对端上形成盒套。用于形成螺纹接头的材料，即，形成油井管和连接部件的材料并非关键，但通常是钢材，包括碳钢、高质合金钢和不锈钢。
栓杆和盒套的形状能够使其相互配合。但是，如果如图4所示仔细观察它们，则栓杆和盒套之间，特别是螺纹部位中存在微小缝隙(间距)。如果不存在这些提供间距的缝隙，则在实际上不可能进行紧固作业。液体润滑剂能够进入这些微小缝隙，将其充满，在紧固过程中产生的压力下从缝隙渗入周围区域，从而有效地防止磨损的发生。所以这些缝隙有助于润滑。用本发明的组合物形成的润滑涂层与化合物脂一样是半干状，所以具有这种渗透性能，并且能够赋予优异的润滑性和气密性。
根据本发明，润滑涂层形成在栓杆和/或盒套的配合表面上的方法是将本发明的润滑涂层组合物涂覆后进行干燥。可以用任何合适的方法如刷涂、喷涂或浸渍的方法进行涂覆，干燥优选在室温下进行或者用温度最高为150℃的热空气进行干燥，直到基本上将溶剂全部蒸发。
润滑涂层优选形成在整个配合表面上，即，栓杆和/或盒套的螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位的表面上。但是，在配合表面的一部分形成润滑涂层也是可以的，并且在本发明的保护范围之内。在这种情况下，优选至少在比螺纹部位更易于咬合和磨损的无螺纹金属接触部位的表面上形成润滑涂层。
可以用上述方式润滑栓杆和盒套中的一个或全部。因此，可以如图5(a)-5(c)所示只润滑栓杆，也可能只润滑盒套。还可以如图6所示将栓杆和盒套全部润滑。
如前面图1所述，油井管在装运时，通常是其一个端部上的栓杆上已经固定了一个连接盒套。在这种情况下，如果在栓杆或盒套的配合表面上形成本发明的润滑涂层，则装运前要相互紧固的栓杆和盒套就能有效地防锈。当然，在这种情况下可以将栓杆和盒套全部涂覆。对于在一个油井管和另一个油井管在油井中连接之前开放和暴露于大气中的另一个栓杆和盒套，优选在该栓杆和盒套上都形成润滑涂层，防止所有配合表面生锈。结果可以防止润滑性的降低和由于生锈所导致的气密性的降低。另一种或附加方案是用保护装置或其它已知技术保护开放的栓杆和盒套。在这种情况下，当栓杆或盒套紧固在另一个部件上时，为了达到所需的润滑性，可以在栓杆或盒套上形成本发明的润滑涂层。
图5(b)和5(c)示出栓杆经过表面糙化处理的实施方案。这种处理可以在盒套上进行，也可以在栓杆和盒套上进行。形成盒套的连接部件比形成栓杆的管短得多，所以更易于处理。因此，从易于操作的角度考虑，只对盒套进行表面糙化是有利的。
[润滑涂层的厚度]
根据本发明，其上形成有润滑涂层的用于油井管的螺纹接头在下述苛刻的润滑条件下也能防止磨损：在栓杆或盒套的配合表面上局部施加过高表面压力，该压力能够导致塑料变形，这种情况在由于管的位错或配合表面之间存在有外来物质造成偏心或倾斜的那些情况下经常碰到。为此目的，在摩擦(配合)表面之间导入和保持有润滑剂很关键。
因此，润滑涂层组合物的涂覆量应当如图4所示，足以充满配合表面之间如螺纹之间的微小缝隙。如果其量太小，则得到的半干涂层不能预期其具有下述其本身所有的作用：紧固所产生的水静压作用使微小缝隙或不规则表面内限定的润滑剂渗入周围摩擦表面。因此，润滑涂层的厚度优选至少为10微米，更优选至少为20微米。对于本发明的润滑涂层来说，至少10微米的厚度还足以防锈。
但是，在润滑涂层形成在粗糙表面上的情况下，润滑涂层的厚度优选大于该表面的Rmax值。这种情况下的润滑涂层厚度是形成在粗糙表面上的涂层最大厚度和最小厚度的平均值。
为了易于涂覆和促进碱式润滑剂和其它润滑剂的均匀吸附，本发明的润滑涂层组合物包括溶剂。因此，该组合物有较低的粘度，能够有效地形成薄的半干燥涂层。另外，该润滑涂层含有作为主要组分的具有高润滑性的碱式润滑剂如碱式磺酸盐。因此，较薄的涂层就能达到充分的润滑性。如果涂层太厚，则不仅造成润滑剂的浪费，而且违背本发明的一个目的，即防止环境污染。从这个角度考虑，润滑涂层厚度的上限优选约为200微米。润滑涂层厚度更优选为30-150微米。
[表面粗糙度]
通过机械加工生产的用于油井管的螺纹接头的表面粗糙度(Rmax)一般是3-5微米。根据本发明，将要在其上形成润滑涂层的接头的配合表面，即，栓杆和/或盒套的螺纹部位和无螺纹金属接触部位的表面优选通过如喷砂进行预处理，使其表面粗糙度增大，从而使进一步改善涂层的抗磨损性成为可能。这是因为这种粗糙表面可以将润滑剂限定在其上形成的小凹窝中，能够更有效地达到上述效果：紧固时产生的水静压作用使凹窝中限定的润滑剂渗入周围摩擦表面。
无论用何种预处理方法糙化表面都能达到这种效果。糙化后Rmax为5-40微米的表面粗糙度是合适的。如果表面粗糙度大于40微米，则表面凹窝的周缘不能充分密封，从而难以形成足够高的静水压，无法由于渗入效应得到充分的润滑性。Rmax更优选是10-30微米。
可以用下述方法(1)-(5)进行预处理以赋予栓杆和/或盒套的配合表面以更大的表面粗糙度，尽管还可以使用其它方法。其中，方法(1)和(2)如图5(b)所示，涉及不均匀地除去表面上的材料以糙化表面本身。方法(3)-(5)如图5(c)所示，涉及形成具有大表面粗糙度的打底预处理涂层，对于栓杆来说，则如图6所示。
(1)喷砂或喷丸：用该方法得到的表面粗糙度可以通过使用的喷砂颗粒大小来改变。
(2)酸蚀刻：浸泡在强酸如硫酸、盐酸、硝酸或氢氟酸中可以糙化接头表面。
(3)磷酸盐处理：作为晶体且具有大表面粗糙度的化学转化涂层如磷酸锰、磷酸锌、磷酸铁锰、磷酸锌钙或类似涂层可以作为预处理涂层而形成。一般来说，随着晶体的生长，涂层的粗糙度增加。
(4)电镀：可以用金属电镀，优选铜或铁电镀作为进行表面糙化的预处理方法。电镀的金属优先沉积在表面凸起上，从而使表面略微更粗糙一些。
(5)干法冲击(机械)镀覆：该方法使用具有涂覆有待镀覆的金属或合金如锌或锌铁合金的铁芯的颗粒。进行镀覆时，用离心力或气压将颗粒喷在表面上，使颗粒的涂覆金属沉积在表面上。
这些表面糙化预处理方法在盒套上更易于进行，但是也可以在栓杆上或在栓杆和盒套两者上进行。方法(3)、(4)和(5)的优点在于：它们能够形成在润滑剂涂层耗尽时能够防止栓杆和盒套之间发生金属接触的预处理涂层，从而可以改善抗磨损性和防锈性。特别优选磷酸锰涂层，因为它像地毯一样布满针状晶体，具有增大的表面粗糙度和盛润滑剂的大容量。结果，当本发明的润滑涂层组合物涂覆在磷酸锰预处理涂层上时，可以形成特别有效的半干的润滑涂层。用于形成油井管的一些材料如高质合金钢难以或不可能进行磷酸盐处理。在这种情况下，可以在如上述(4)所述用铁电镀后再进行磷酸盐处理。
为了改善其盛润滑剂的容量和涂层对基底表面的粘附性，上述预处理涂层的厚度优选大于该涂层产生的表面粗糙度。其厚度更优选比上述优选的Rmax(其范围是5-40微米)大5-20微米。
本发明的螺纹接头可以在不涂覆化合物脂的情况下使用。在这种情况下，如果螺纹接头储存很长时间，可能会生锈。为了解决这一问题，如图1所示的装配有连接部件的油井管的两端，即没有和连接部件连接的管一端上的栓杆(图1中的左端)和没有和管连接的连接部件的一端(图1中连接部件的右端)可以通过装配保护装置进行保护，每一个保护装置都有能够和相应的管或连接部件的螺纹部位形成气密密封的破坏螺纹。
下面的实施例用于说明本发明，而不是用于限定本发明。本领域普通技术人员应当理解的是，在不背离本发明保护范围的情况下可以对本申请公开的实施方案进行各种改动。
实施例
在下面的实施例中，用图2所示的旋转摩擦试验机评价润滑涂层的润滑性。该试验已经被证明与在用于油井管的螺纹接头上的紧固试验有很好的关联性。在该试验中，使用一对配合凸面和凹面试验片5、6。可施加受控载荷的凸面试验片5对应于栓杆，其有锥形的端部。能够以受控速度旋转的凹面试验片6对应于盒套，其具有的凹面与凸面试验片5的锥形相同。这两种试验片由同样的钢材制成，这种钢材是具有表1所示组成的Mn钢(碳钢)或13Cr钢(不锈钢)，实际上用这两种钢生产油井管和连接部件。试验片的配合或接触表面7上形成有用于评价的润滑涂层。
用JIS Z2371中规定的盐水喷雾耐蚀试验评价防锈性。
各种润滑涂层组合物通过在均匀混合器中将选自表2中所示的那些组分充分搅拌而制备。搅拌作用使碱式润滑剂几乎全部溶于溶剂。
用刷子将每一种组合物涂覆在用表3中所示的一种方法调节其表面粗糙度的两对凸面/凹面试验片的接触表面上，然后在室温下干燥24小时，基本上将溶剂全部除去，形成润滑涂层。
用一对凸面/凹面试验片以下述方式用其载荷能力评价涂层的润滑性。只在凹面试验片上形成润滑涂层，在表4所示的条件下进行摩擦试验以测定直至发生磨损时的载荷能力(润滑性试验A)。为了模拟在紧固油井管过程中常遇到的外来物质如鳞片或锈片的掺入所造成的润滑性下降的情况，在将从实际管中收集到的50mg鳞片(通过筛分将其粒度调节至0.2-2mm)播撒到凹面试验片的润滑涂层上后重复同样的摩擦试验(润滑性试验B)。
在摩擦试验中，施加的载荷每次以100kgf递增，直至发生磨损，发生磨损前的最大载荷定义为载荷能力。在轻微咬合且用常规恢复处理后可能紧固的情况下，在如此处理后继续进行摩擦试验。表5和6中所示的润滑性值表示载荷从零增加的次数。例如，润滑性为10表示发生磨损前的载荷能力是1000kgf。紧固用于油井管的螺纹接头时施加的最大载荷通常是1000kgf。因此，如果润滑性试验的结果是10或更大，则可以认为用于油井管的螺纹接头可以重复紧固和松开，不会产生磨损。
用另一对试验片以下述方式评价防锈性。在凸面和凹面试验片上都形成润滑涂层。为了模拟在工厂内运输油井管或将油井管运往油井钻探地的过程中可能发生的擦伤的情形，将这两个试验片置于摩擦试验机中时，使它们的纵轴或旋转轴在水平方向上相互偏移1mm，用500kgf的压力使其相互挤压一次。然后将这两个试验片松开，再次将其固定在试验机中，使它们的纵轴或旋转轴相互对准，然后用它们进行盐水喷雾耐蚀试验240小时，按照下述标准目测这两个试验片的配合表面，以此评价防锈性。
○：没有生锈，也没有变色；
□：没有生锈，略有变色(可以接受)；
△；略有生锈；
×：明显生锈。
表5和6示出本发明的润滑涂层组合物(组分的比例表示为wt％)、每一种组合物的碱值和40℃时测定的粘度、用其形成的涂层的干燥厚度(用试验片增加的重量和润滑涂层的密度计算)、每一个试验片的表面粗糙度、润滑性和防锈性的评价结果。表7示出对比实施例和传统实施例的同样事项。
在表7中的传统实施例中，传统实施例1、2和4是在试验前涂覆符合API标准的化合物脂(Shell Type III)的实施例，在表示有补充涂覆的实施例中，用化合物脂进行补充，在润滑性试验中每一次都增加载荷，或者在防锈性试验中以合适的间隔时间增加载荷。以产品规定的量涂覆和补充化合物脂。传统实施例3是润滑涂层含有在树脂中的固体润滑剂的实施例，即，如日本公开未审专利申请8-233164(1996)中所公开的固体润滑剂-树脂涂层。
表1：试验片的钢材组成(wt％，余量：铁和不可避免的杂质)
| 号码 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cu | Ni | Cr | Mo | 名称 |
| 1 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 1.30 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.04 | Mn钢 |
| 2 | 0.19 | 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 13.0 | 0.04 | 13Cr钢 |
表2：用于制备润滑涂层组合物的材料
| 溶剂 | A-1 | 矿油精(JIS K22014) |
| A-2 | 二甲苯 | |
| A-3 | 丁基溶纤剂 | |
| 碱式润滑剂 | B-1 | 碱式磺酸钙(b.n.：400mg KOH/g) |
| B-2 | 碱式磺酸钡(b.n.：100mg KOH/g) | |
| B-3 | 碱式水杨酸镁(b.n.：150mg KOH/g) | |
| B-4 | 碱式石炭酸钙(b.n.：300mg KOH/g) | |
| 热塑性树脂粉末 | C-1 | 聚乙烯粉末(p.d.：20μm) |
| C-2 | 丙烯酸树脂粉末(p.d.：2μm) | |
| C-3 | 苯乙烯树脂粉末(p.d.：0.2μm) | |
| 极压剂 | D-1 | 硫化猪油(S：10％，s.n.：180mg KOH/g) |
| D-2 | 二月桂基磷酸氢盐 | |
| D-3 | 二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(Zn：8％，P：9％，S：17％) | |
| 其它润滑剂 | E-1 | 牛油脂肪酸钙皂(s.n.：20mg KOH/g) |
| E-2 | 中性磺酸钙(b.n.：1mg KOH/g) | |
| E-3 | 三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯(s.n.：160mg KOH/g) | |
| E-4 | 羊毛脂(s.n.：100mg KOH/g) | |
| E-5 | 纯化矿物油(ISO VG46) |
(注)：b.n.＝碱值，s.n.＝皂化值，p.d.＝颗粒直径
表3：试验片的表面粗糙度
| 标号 | Rmax(μm) | 表面糙化的方法 |
| F-1 | 3 | 和机械加工后一样(没有表面糙化) |
| F-2 | 5 | Cu电镀 |
| F-3 | 20 | 喷砂 |
| 22 | 喷砂+Cu电镀 | |
| F-4 | 10 | 磷酸锌处理 |
| F-5 | 20，25 | 磷酸锰处理 |
| 35，40 | 喷砂+磷酸锰处理 | |
| F-6 | 30 | 在Mn钢上扩散渗镀(喷锌) |
| 25 | 在13Cr钢上扩散渗镀(喷锌) |
表4：旋转摩擦试验机上的试验条件
| 载荷 | 每次增加100kgf |
| 温度 | 室温 |
| 试验时间 | 每一种载荷下保持30秒 |
| 转速 | 20rpm |
| 润滑涂层 | 只涂覆在凹面试验片上 |
| 试验A | 常规试验(没有鳞片) |
| 试验B | 加入鳞片后试验 |
表5：
| 标号 | 实施例：碳(Mn)钢接头 | |||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | ||
| 润滑涂层组合物(wt％) | A-1 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 50 | 50 | 20 | |
| A-2 | 30 | 30 | ||||||||||
| A-3 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||||||
| B-1 | 25 | 5 | 25 | 25 | ||||||||
| B-2 | 25 | 5 | 10 | |||||||||
| B-3 | 25 | 5 | 10 | |||||||||
| B-4 | 25 | 15 | 25 | |||||||||
| C-1 | ||||||||||||
| C-2 | ||||||||||||
| C-3 | 0.5 | |||||||||||
| D-1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | |||||||||
| D-2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
| D-3 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |||||||||
| E-1 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 10 | ||||||
| E-2 | 5 | 12 | ||||||||||
| E-3 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 10 | ||||
| E-4 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 4.5 | |||||
| E-5 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 10 | ||||
| 碱值 | 200 | 50 | 125 | 150 | 67 | 167 | 31 | 113 | 110 | 550 | 200 | |
| 粘度1 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 16 | 6.5 | 84 | |
| 厚度2 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 10 | 40 | 60 | 25 | 30 | 15 | 40 | 100 | |
| 凸面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| F-2 | ||||||||||||
| F-3 | ||||||||||||
| F-4 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | |||||||
| F-5 | ||||||||||||
| F-6 | ||||||||||||
| 凹面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | ||||||||||
| F-2 | 5 | |||||||||||
| F-3 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | ||||||||
| F-4 | ||||||||||||
| F-5 | 20 | 40 | 20 | 35 | ||||||||
| F-6 | 30 | |||||||||||
| 润滑性A3 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 17 | |
| 润滑性B4 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 13 | |
| 防锈性 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
(注)：
140℃时测定的粘度(cSt或mm2/s)：2涂层厚度(μm)：
3常规试验中的载荷能力(x100kgf)；4存在有鳞片时的载荷能力(x100kgf)。
表6：
| 标号 | 碳(Mn)钢接头 | 不锈钢(13Cr)接头 | |||||||||
| 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | ||
| 润滑涂层组合物(wt％) | A-1 | 50 | 20 | 25 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 50 | 40 | ||
| A-2 | 30 | 10 | 10 | 30 | 30 | ||||||
| A-3 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||
| B-1 | 20 | 25 | 20 | 20 | |||||||
| B-2 | 25 | 25 | |||||||||
| B-3 | 20 | 10 | 20 | ||||||||
| B-4 | 10 | 25 | 30 | ||||||||
| C-1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | |||||||
| C-2 | 0.5 | 1 | 3 | 10 | |||||||
| C-3 | 10 | 1 | |||||||||
| D-1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
| D-2 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
| D-3 | 4 | 2 | |||||||||
| E-1 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||
| E-2 | 5 | 10 | |||||||||
| E-3 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 20 | 20 | 10 | ||||
| E-4 | 4.5 | 7 | 10 | 25 | 5 | ||||||
| E-5 | 20 | 10 | 33 | 16 | 16 | ||||||
| 碱值 | 50 | 183 | 42 | 154 | 83 | 143 | 133 | 50 | 160 | 100 | |
| 粘度1 | 67 | 250 | 144 | 182 | 132 | 15 | 7.8 | 115 | 238 | 166 | |
| 厚度2 | 80 | 300 | 150 | 180 | 120 | 25 | 35 | 80 | 200 | 150 | |
| 凸面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |||||
| F-2 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||
| F-3 | 20 | 20 | |||||||||
| F-4 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||
| F-5 | |||||||||||
| F-6 | |||||||||||
| 凹面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | |||||||||
| F-2 | 5 | ||||||||||
| F-3 | 20 | 22 | 22 | ||||||||
| F-4 | |||||||||||
| F-5 | 25 | 40 | 20 | ||||||||
| F-6 | 25 | 25 | |||||||||
| 润滑性A3 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 16 | 14 | 15 | |
| 润滑性B4 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 12 | |
| 防锈性 | ○ | ○ | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
(注)：140℃时测定的粘度(cSt或mm2/s)；2涂层厚度(μm)；3常规试验中的载荷能力(x100kgf)；4存在有鳞片时的载荷能力(x100kgf)。
表7：
| 标号 | 对比实施例(Mn钢接头) | 传统实施例 | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 润滑涂层组合物(wt％) | A-1 | 50 | 脂润滑-Mn钢(API规格)，-进行脂补充涂覆 | 脂润滑-Mn钢(API规格)，-不进行脂补充涂覆 | MoS2/环氧树脂涂覆-Mn钢(API规格)，-不进行脂补充涂覆 | 脂润滑-13Cr钢(API规格)，-进行脂补充涂覆 | |||
| A-2 | 30 | ||||||||
| A-3 | 10 | ||||||||
| B-1 | 20 | ||||||||
| B-2 | 50 | ||||||||
| B-3 | |||||||||
| B-4 | |||||||||
| C-1 | 5 | ||||||||
| C-2 | |||||||||
| C-3D-1 | 3 | ||||||||
| D-2 | 2 | ||||||||
| D-3 | 2 | ||||||||
| E-1 | |||||||||
| E-2 | 30 | 25 | |||||||
| E-3 | 10 | 10 | |||||||
| E-4 | 8 | 10 | |||||||
| E-5 | 40 | 75 | 20 | ||||||
| 碱值 | 50 | ＜1 | 80 | ＜1 | - | - | - | - | |
| 粘度1 | 348 | 3.8 | 523 | 134 | - | - | - | - | |
| 厚度2 | 350 | 25 | 450 | 120 | 850 | 850 | 30 | 850 | |
| 凸面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| F-2 | |||||||||
| F-3 | |||||||||
| F-4 | 10 | 10 | |||||||
| F-5 | |||||||||
| F-6 | |||||||||
| 凹面试验片的表面粗糙度(Rmax，μm) | F-1 | 3 | |||||||
| F-2 | 20 | ||||||||
| F-3 | 22 | ||||||||
| F-4 | |||||||||
| F-5 | 20 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 20 | ||||
| F-6 | |||||||||
| 润滑性A3 | 8 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 15 | 8 | 10 | 14 | |
| 润滑性B4 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 10 | |
| 防锈性 | △ | × | ○ | △ | ○ | -* | △ | ○ | |
(注)：140℃时测定的粘度(cSt或mm2/s)；2涂层厚度(μm)；3常规试验中的载荷能力(x100kgf)；4存在有鳞片时的载荷能力(x100kgf)。*没有测定。
如表7中的传统实施例所示，在脂润滑的情况下，如果如传统实施例1和4那样小心地进行脂补充涂覆，则其润滑性和防锈性都很好，润滑性保证能够达到即使存在鳞片也能在不发生磨损的情况下紧固用于油井管的螺纹接头的程度。但是，在不进行脂补充涂覆的传统实施例2中，润滑性降低很多，易于发生磨损，特别是在存在有鳞片的情况下。因此，用脂润滑时，为了保持润滑性必须面对补充涂覆的麻烦。
在表7的传统实施例3中，和本发明的实施例和对比实施例一样，在不进行脂补充涂覆的条件下评价固体润滑剂-树脂涂层。从试验结果可以看出：在没有鳞片的常规试验条件下其润滑性都几乎不能接受，而在存在有鳞片的条件下试验时，润滑性受到很大的破坏。因此，该涂层不具有充分的润滑性，不能实际应用在用于油井管的螺纹接头上。另外，其防锈性也不足够高。所以一旦这种不可延展的固体润滑剂-树脂涂层被破坏，其防锈性则明显下降，一旦生锈或者有鳞片沉积在其上，则润滑性也受到破坏。
相反，从表5和6所示的用本发明的组合物形成润滑涂层并且在不进行脂润滑的条件下测试的实施例中可以看出：用本发明的组合物得到的优异的润滑性和防锈性与进行脂补充涂覆的传统脂润滑(传统实施例1、4)能达到同一水平。因此，即使存在有鳞片，在不进行脂涂覆和补充涂覆的条件下，也不仅能保证易于磨损的用碳钢制成的油井管所使用的螺纹接头的抗磨损性，而且能保证易于磨损的用不锈钢制成的油井管所使用的螺纹接头的抗磨损性。
将本发明的实施例中制备的每一种润滑涂层组合物涂覆在实际的用于油井管的螺纹接头上，重复紧固和松开十次。装配扭矩是稳定的，偏差至多是±10％。
工业应用性
根据本发明，可以赋予用于油井管的螺纹接头以与进行脂补充涂覆的脂润滑所能达到的同样水平的优异的润滑性和防锈性。因此，即使在存在有组配或粘附或沉积喷沙颗粒或鳞片或锈片的问题的条件下也能在不进行脂润滑的情况下保证足够高的润滑性和防锈性。结果，用接头连接油井管的操作效率能够大幅改善，同时还能够避免使用含重金属的化合物脂所带来的污染。
本领域普通技术人员应当能够意识到：在不背离本发明保护范围的情况下可以对本发明的上述具体实施方案进行大量变化和改动。
Claims (7)
1、一种润滑涂层组合物，其包括挥发性有机溶剂和至少部分溶解在该溶剂中的至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂，其中碱式润滑剂的碱值至少是50mg KOH/g。
2、根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层组合物，其还包括热塑性树脂。
3、根据权利要求2所述的润滑涂层组合物，其中，热塑性树脂是不溶于溶剂的粉末形式。
4、根据权利要求1所述的润滑涂层组合物，其还包括至少一种选自除碱式润滑剂之外的润滑剂和极压剂的添加剂。
5、根据权利要求2所述的润滑涂层组合物，其还包括至少一种选自除碱式润滑剂之外的润滑剂和极压剂的添加剂。
6、一种润滑涂层组合物，其基本上由(A)25-80wt％的挥发性有机溶剂和(B)75-20wt％的至少一种非挥发性组分组成，其中，100重量份的非挥发性组分(B)基本上由10-100重量份的至少部分溶解在溶剂(A)中的至少一种选自碱式磺酸盐、碱式水杨酸盐和碱式石炭酸盐的碱式润滑剂、0-30重量份的热塑性树脂、0-90重量份的除碱式润滑剂之外的润滑剂和0-15重量份的极压剂组成，其中碱式润滑剂的碱值至少是50mg KOH/g。
7、根据权利要求6所述的润滑涂层组合物，其中，热塑性树脂是不溶于溶剂的粉末形式。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP368895/00 | 2000-12-04 | ||
| JP368895/2000 | 2000-12-04 | ||
| JP2000368895A JP4092871B2 (ja) | 2000-12-04 | 2000-12-04 | ねじ継手の潤滑処理に適した潤滑被膜形成用組成物 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101063691A Division CN100529030C (zh) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1526006A CN1526006A (zh) | 2004-09-01 |
| CN1280386C true CN1280386C (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
Family
ID=18839028
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101063691A Expired - Lifetime CN100529030C (zh) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 |
| CNB018200397A Expired - Lifetime CN1280386C (zh) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101063691A Expired - Lifetime CN100529030C (zh) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6869111B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1350834B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4092871B2 (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN100529030C (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR031897A1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2002222575A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0115926B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2430533C (zh) |
| EG (1) | EG23042A (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2541767T3 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03004952A (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY141943A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL198006B1 (zh) |
| RO (2) | RO121035B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2246532C1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2002046338A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (61)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059418C (zh) * | 1997-04-10 | 2000-12-13 | 陈铮 | 陶瓷与金属部分瞬间液相连接方法 |
| GB0130967D0 (en) * | 2001-12-24 | 2002-02-13 | Hunting Oilfield Services Ltd | Anti galling threaded joint |
| CA2779534C (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2014-02-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for pipes having a lubricating coating including a torque-at-yield enhancing component |
| CN101614306B (zh) * | 2002-05-31 | 2011-02-16 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | 钢管用螺纹接头 |
| ITRM20030065A1 (it) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-14 | Tenaris Connections Bv | Giunzione filettata per tubi. |
| JP4599874B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-06 | 2010-12-15 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 油井管用ねじ継手、及びその製造方法 |
| US7458616B2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2008-12-02 | Hydril Company | Threads with perturbations |
| MX2007008518A (es) * | 2005-01-13 | 2007-08-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Junta roscada para tubo de acero. |
| US7883118B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2011-02-08 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for steel pipes |
| RU2360174C1 (ru) | 2005-03-29 | 2009-06-27 | Сумитомо Метал Индастриз, Лтд. | Резьбовое соединение для стальных труб |
| US7497481B2 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2009-03-03 | Hydril Llc | Treating method and design method for tubular connections |
| US20070004601A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Mathur Naresh C | Additive composition |
| JP4275656B2 (ja) | 2005-09-02 | 2009-06-10 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| JP4742007B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-11 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社トープラ | タッピンねじ用皮膜形成剤、同皮膜形成剤を用いてタッピンねじの外周を被覆する皮膜を形成する皮膜形成方法、および、同皮膜形成剤にて形成された皮膜付きタッピンねじ |
| JP5145684B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-13 | 2013-02-20 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手に適した潤滑被膜形成用組成物 |
| US8322754B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2012-12-04 | Tenaris Connections Limited | Nanocomposite coatings for threaded connections |
| FR2912730B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-21 | 2012-07-06 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas France | Dispositif de protection d'une extremite femelle d'un composant de joint tubulaire, a frein anti-devissage. |
| JP4924103B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-04-25 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 油井管用ねじ継手 |
| JP4941058B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-02 | 2012-05-30 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| DE502008001944D1 (de) * | 2008-06-17 | 2011-01-13 | Ti Automotive Heidelberg Gmbh | Schraubelement und Rohranschlusseinrichtung für den Anschluss von Rohrleitungen |
| US20090321145A1 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-12-31 | Kennametal Inc. | Threaded nozzle for a cutter bit |
| US8622091B2 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2014-01-07 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Protector for tubular threaded joint |
| FR2937077B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-10-22 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Composant pour le forage et l'exploitation des puits d'hydrocarbures |
| AR076167A1 (es) * | 2009-03-30 | 2011-05-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Aparato y metodo para la aplicacion de un lubricante a una porcion roscada de una tuberia de acero |
| WO2010114168A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for pipes |
| WO2011027433A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-10 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 管ねじ継手用プロテクタ |
| CN102667290B (zh) * | 2009-09-29 | 2014-08-20 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | 钢管用螺纹接头 |
| WO2011138926A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 油井管のねじ継手の試験装置 |
| UA105334C2 (uk) | 2010-11-05 | 2014-04-25 | Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорэйшн | Нарізне з'єднання труб, що має поліпшені характеристики при високому крутному моменті |
| DE202011104255U1 (de) | 2011-08-11 | 2011-11-15 | Voswinkel Entwicklungs- Und Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schraubkupplung zum lösbaren Verbinden von Hochdruckhydraulikleitungen |
| MX366903B (es) * | 2011-10-31 | 2019-07-25 | Nch Corp | Composición de grasa de sulfonato de calcio basada en carbonato de calcio y método de fabricación. |
| US9458406B2 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2016-10-04 | Nch Corporation | Calcium hydroxyapatite based sulfonate grease compositions and method of manufacture |
| US9976101B2 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2018-05-22 | Nch Corporation | Method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents |
| US9976102B2 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2018-05-22 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using alkali metal hydroxide and delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents |
| JP5722752B2 (ja) | 2011-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 高トルク締結性能に優れた管状ねじ継手 |
| CA2860499C (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2018-01-16 | Yasuhiro Yamamoto | Box protector for a threaded joint for pipes |
| WO2013124387A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Connector assembly |
| EP2852785B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2019-08-14 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Tubular threaded joint having improved high-torque makeup properties |
| RU2604526C2 (ru) | 2012-08-06 | 2016-12-10 | Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорейшн | Трубное резьбовое соединение и образующая смазочное покрытие композиция для применения в нем |
| FR2998639B1 (fr) | 2012-11-26 | 2014-11-28 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Dispositif de protection d'une extremite male d'un composant de joint filete tubulaire a joint souple |
| RU2627704C1 (ru) * | 2013-09-02 | 2017-08-10 | Ниппон Стил Энд Сумитомо Метал Корпорейшн | Смазочная пленкообразующая композиция и резьбовое соединение для стальных труб |
| AR100953A1 (es) | 2014-02-19 | 2016-11-16 | Tenaris Connections Bv | Empalme roscado para una tubería de pozo de petróleo |
| FR3030676A1 (fr) | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-24 | Vallourec Oil & Gas France | Dispositif de protection d'une extremite d'un composant de joint filete tubulaire a joint souple |
| FR3035476B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-23 | 2017-04-28 | Vallourec Oil & Gas France | Joint filete tubulaire dote d'un revetement metallique sur le filetage et la portee d'etancheite |
| WO2017001646A1 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-05 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | A method of expanding a tubular and expandable tubular |
| US10364401B2 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-07-30 | Nanotech Industrial Solutions, Inc. | Industrial lubricant including metal chalcogenide particles and phosphorus-based additive |
| JP6256865B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-01-10 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 切削加工補助潤滑材及び切削加工方法 |
| RU2607520C1 (ru) * | 2015-11-05 | 2017-01-10 | Алексей Васильевич Токарев | Смазка для герметизации резьбовых соединений |
| JP6655994B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-13 | 2020-03-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 粉末冶金用混合粉末 |
| US10087388B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2018-10-02 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate and calcium magnesium sulfonate greases using a delay after addition of facilitating acid |
| US10519393B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2019-12-31 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases |
| US10087387B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2018-10-02 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases |
| US10392577B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2019-08-27 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing overbased sulfonate modified lithium carboxylate grease |
| US10087391B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2018-10-02 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases without a conventional non-aqueous converting agent |
| EP3572701B1 (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2021-08-18 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Threaded connection for steel pipes |
| JP6849459B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-02 | 2021-03-24 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 粉末冶金用混合粉末 |
| US11661563B2 (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2023-05-30 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing and using extremely rheopectic sulfonate-based greases |
| CN111793516B (zh) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-08-02 | 重庆常升里科技有限公司 | 一种抗辐射耐高温螺纹润滑膏及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN112032157A (zh) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-04 | 东台市新杰科机械有限公司 | 一种便于连接的钢管 |
| US11732211B2 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-08-22 | Rtx Scientific, Incorporated | Pipe sealing compound/adjunct lubricant |
| CN114770984A (zh) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院 | 风电叶片根部连接用螺栓套及其预埋强度提升方法 |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA919158A (en) * | 1968-05-08 | 1973-01-16 | C. Rogers Lynn | Rust inhibitor and grease compositions |
| US3869393A (en) * | 1970-05-21 | 1975-03-04 | Everlube Corp Of America | Solid lubricant adhesive film |
| US4150192A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-04-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Hot melt rust retardant composite |
| US4213868A (en) * | 1978-10-27 | 1980-07-22 | Witco Chemical Corporation | Galvanic corrosion prevention coupling |
| US4264363A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-04-28 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Corrosion inhibiting coating composition |
| JPS6019798B2 (ja) * | 1979-09-11 | 1985-05-17 | 士郎 長谷川 | 締結材のトルク安定処理方法 |
| US4527815A (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1985-07-09 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Use of electroless nickel coating to prevent galling of threaded tubular joints |
| JPS60205091A (ja) * | 1984-03-29 | 1985-10-16 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 油井管用管継手 |
| US4729791A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1988-03-08 | Witco Corporation | Corrosion-inhibiting coating compositions for metals |
| US4813714A (en) * | 1986-08-06 | 1989-03-21 | Loctite Corporation | Petroleum equipment tubular connection |
| JPS63293384A (ja) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-11-30 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | ねじ継手付ｆｒｐ管 |
| JPH02229891A (ja) | 1988-09-16 | 1990-09-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 潤滑油組成物 |
| CA2014699A1 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1990-10-20 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Methods for reducing friction between relatively slideable components using metal overbased colloidal disperse systems |
| US5236231A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1993-08-17 | Union Oil Company Of California | Brittle lined pipe connector |
| US5040827A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1991-08-20 | Tubular Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for improved oilfield connections |
| JP2570060B2 (ja) | 1992-03-05 | 1997-01-08 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 鋼材の熱間圧延潤滑方法 |
| JPH08233164A (ja) | 1995-03-02 | 1996-09-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | 無潤滑下での耐焼付き性に優れたネジ継手 |
| EP0786616B9 (en) * | 1994-10-04 | 2010-09-08 | NSCT Premium Tubulars B.V. | Steel pipe joint having high galling resistance and surface treatment method thereof |
| JPH0972467A (ja) | 1995-09-05 | 1997-03-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | グリス無潤滑下での耐焼付き性に優れたネジ継手 |
| JPH11132370A (ja) | 1997-10-29 | 1999-05-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
| EP1211451B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2011-10-05 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Threaded joint for oil well pipe |
-
2000
- 2000-12-04 JP JP2000368895A patent/JP4092871B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-12-02 EG EG20011288A patent/EG23042A/xx active
- 2001-12-04 MX MXPA03004952A patent/MXPA03004952A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-12-04 BR BRPI0115926-7A patent/BR0115926B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-12-04 RO ROA200300489A patent/RO121035B1/ro unknown
- 2001-12-04 AU AU2002222575A patent/AU2002222575A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-12-04 EP EP01999621.4A patent/EP1350834B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 AR ARP010105637A patent/AR031897A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-12-04 CN CNB2005101063691A patent/CN100529030C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 RO ROA200600372A patent/RO123531B1/ro unknown
- 2001-12-04 MY MYPI20015522A patent/MY141943A/en unknown
- 2001-12-04 CN CNB018200397A patent/CN1280386C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 PL PL362794A patent/PL198006B1/pl unknown
- 2001-12-04 WO PCT/JP2001/010573 patent/WO2002046338A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2001-12-04 RU RU2003119974/04A patent/RU2246532C1/ru active
- 2001-12-04 ES ES01999621.4T patent/ES2541767T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-04 CA CA002430533A patent/CA2430533C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-07-25 US US10/201,932 patent/US6869111B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1350834A4 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
| CA2430533A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| ES2541767T3 (es) | 2015-07-24 |
| MXPA03004952A (es) | 2005-02-14 |
| AU2002222575A1 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
| US20030111838A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| RO121035B1 (ro) | 2006-11-30 |
| EG23042A (en) | 2004-01-31 |
| PL198006B1 (pl) | 2008-05-30 |
| CN1526006A (zh) | 2004-09-01 |
| EP1350834A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| RU2246532C1 (ru) | 2005-02-20 |
| EP1350834B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| JP2002173692A (ja) | 2002-06-21 |
| BR0115926A (pt) | 2003-12-23 |
| US6869111B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 |
| BR0115926B1 (pt) | 2011-05-17 |
| AR031897A1 (es) | 2003-10-08 |
| JP4092871B2 (ja) | 2008-05-28 |
| CN1746277A (zh) | 2006-03-15 |
| PL362794A1 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
| WO2002046338A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| CN100529030C (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
| RO123531B1 (ro) | 2013-04-30 |
| CA2430533C (en) | 2009-05-12 |
| MY141943A (en) | 2010-07-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1280386C (zh) | 适用于润滑螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 | |
| CN1284946C (zh) | 具有改良的耐磨损和防锈性的钢管丝扣接头 | |
| JP5722752B2 (ja) | 高トルク締結性能に優れた管状ねじ継手 | |
| JP4821775B2 (ja) | 油井管用ねじ継手 | |
| JP5736516B2 (ja) | 管状ねじ継手とそれに使用する潤滑被膜形成用組成物 | |
| EP2652100B1 (fr) | Composition de graisse | |
| CN103282707B (zh) | 高扭矩性能改善的管状螺纹接头 | |
| JP6025994B2 (ja) | 潤滑被膜形成用組成物及び鋼管用ねじ継手 | |
| CN101535458A (zh) | 适合于管状螺纹接头的润滑涂层组合物 | |
| CN113286869B (zh) | 组合物及具备由该组合物构成的润滑覆膜层的管用螺纹接头 | |
| OA17268A (en) | Tubular threaded joint having improved high torque performance. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: NIPPON STEEL + SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHUGAI SEIYAKU KABUSHIKI KAISHA Effective date: 20130328 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20130328 Address after: Tokyo, Japan Patentee after: Nippon Steel Corporation Patentee after: Vallourec Mannesman Oil & Gas Co., Ltd., France Address before: Osaka Japan Patentee before: Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Patentee before: Vallourec Mannesman Oil & Gas Co., Ltd., France |
|
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: Tokyo, Japan Patentee after: Nippon Steel Corporation Patentee after: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Address before: Tokyo, Japan Patentee before: Nippon Steel Corporation Patentee before: Vallourec Mannesman Oil & Gas Co., Ltd., France |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: Tokyo, Japan Co-patentee after: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Patentee after: Nippon Steel Corporation Address before: Tokyo, Japan Co-patentee before: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Patentee before: Nippon Steel Corporation |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: Tokyo, Japan Co-patentee after: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Patentee after: Nippon Iron & Steel Corporation Address before: Tokyo, Japan Co-patentee before: VALLOUREC MANNESMANN OIL & GAS FRANCE Patentee before: Nippon Steel Corporation |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20061018 |