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CN1234009C - Microflow controlled chip flow-type biochemical analysis instrument and method for detecting biochemical components - Google Patents

Microflow controlled chip flow-type biochemical analysis instrument and method for detecting biochemical components Download PDF

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CN1234009C
CN1234009C CN 03127188 CN03127188A CN1234009C CN 1234009 C CN1234009 C CN 1234009C CN 03127188 CN03127188 CN 03127188 CN 03127188 A CN03127188 A CN 03127188A CN 1234009 C CN1234009 C CN 1234009C
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fluidic chip
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biochemical
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microspheres
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CN1529157A (en
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牟颖
金钦汉
杨蕊
吴喆
林章碧
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Jilin University
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Abstract

本发明的微流控芯片流式生化分析仪及检测生化组分的方法属检测分析仪器及检测方法。微流控芯片14是两层薄板经蚀刻粘接制成,薄板之间刻有十字交叉的通道21,通道21的终点处分别是样品流入孔17、相对的两个缓冲溶液流入孔18、废液流出孔20与外界相连。在四个孔中各插有一个电极。激光光源1发出的激光聚焦在十字交叉通道的检测点24;通道21内的物质发出的荧光由光纤15接收再传入由CCD光谱检测器构成的分光检测系统16。本发明体积小,重量轻,结构紧凑,操作简单,样品鞘液用量少,可随意选择荧光试剂,同时获得多种波长荧光强度,响应速度快,能用于生物化学物质分析、化学成分分析、药物筛选、临床诊断等领域。

The microfluidic chip flow type biochemical analyzer and the method for detecting biochemical components of the present invention belong to the detection and analysis instrument and the detection method. The microfluidic chip 14 is made of two layers of thin plates bonded by etching, and a cross channel 21 is engraved between the thin plates. The liquid outflow hole 20 is connected with the outside world. One electrode is inserted into each of the four holes. The laser light emitted by the laser light source 1 is focused on the detection point 24 of the cross channel; the fluorescence emitted by the substance in the channel 21 is received by the optical fiber 15 and transmitted to the spectroscopic detection system 16 composed of a CCD spectral detector. The invention is small in size, light in weight, compact in structure, simple in operation, less in sample sheath fluid consumption, can choose fluorescent reagents at will, obtain fluorescence intensity of multiple wavelengths at the same time, and has fast response speed, and can be used for analysis of biochemical substances and chemical components , drug screening, clinical diagnosis and other fields.

Description

微流控芯片流式生化分析仪及其在检测生化组分中的应用Microfluidic chip flow biochemical analyzer and its application in the detection of biochemical components

技术领域technical field

本发明属一种应用于生物化学、药学研究、生物医学研究及临床诊断等的生化分析仪及使用该生化分析仪检测核酸、抗体或抗原、肽类及化学因子等的方法。The invention belongs to a biochemical analyzer used in biochemistry, pharmaceutical research, biomedical research and clinical diagnosis, etc. and a method for detecting nucleic acid, antibody or antigen, peptides and chemical factors using the biochemical analyzer.

背景技术Background technique

与本发明相近的现有技术为有机荧光染料编码微球和以荧光染料编码微球为基础的流式细胞仪。以荧光染料标记的微球为基础的定量流式细胞术已被用于准确地定量测定细胞表面受体等,其结果可与传统的Scatchard分析法相媲美,并可用于实验室间的标准化研究,因此已有几家公司开始生产高质量的荧光校准微球。The prior art close to the present invention is organic fluorescent dye-encoded microspheres and flow cytometry based on fluorescent dye-encoded microspheres. Quantitative flow cytometry based on fluorescent dye-labeled microspheres has been used to accurately quantify cell surface receptors, etc., and the results are comparable to traditional Scatchard assays and can be used for inter-laboratory standardized studies, As a result, several companies have started to produce high-quality fluorescent calibration beads.

将有机荧光染料编码微球与传统流式细胞仪结合,进行多组分同时检测的仪器已经上市,例如美国Luminex公司的产品。该流式细胞仪的结构原理如图1所示。主要由激光光源1、流动室2、分光装置和检测系统构成。流动室2是样品和鞘液(缓冲液)相混的小室,常以有机玻璃、光学玻璃或石英等制成,是流动系统的心脏。被检测的样品粒子(细胞或微球)与鞘液流分别从样品流入孔3和鞘液流入孔4进入流动室2的流样管5处并被经聚焦的激光照射。采用气压进样的方法使被检测的样品粒子与鞘液流动。分光装置包括两片二色性反射镜6。与样品粒子有关的特定的光信号按光的波长被二色性反射镜6反射或透射,进行分光,再通过带通滤光片7和凸透镜8,最终到达检测系统。检测系统包括光电倍增管9和硅光电二极管10,两个光电倍增管9和一个硅光电二极管10分别接收两束反射光和透射光并对其强度进行检测。Instruments that combine organic fluorescent dye-encoded microspheres with traditional flow cytometers for simultaneous detection of multiple components are already on the market, such as the products of Luminex in the United States. The structural principle of the flow cytometer is shown in Fig. 1 . It is mainly composed of a laser light source 1, a flow chamber 2, a spectroscopic device and a detection system. The flow chamber 2 is a small chamber where the sample and the sheath fluid (buffer) are mixed, usually made of plexiglass, optical glass or quartz, and is the heart of the flow system. The detected sample particles (cells or microspheres) and the sheath fluid flow respectively enter the flow tube 5 of the flow chamber 2 from the sample inflow hole 3 and the sheath fluid inflow hole 4 and are irradiated by the focused laser. The air pressure sampling method is used to make the sample particles to be detected and the sheath fluid flow. The spectroscopic device includes two dichroic mirrors 6 . The specific optical signal related to the sample particle is reflected or transmitted by the dichroic mirror 6 according to the wavelength of the light, splits the light, passes through the band-pass filter 7 and the convex lens 8, and finally reaches the detection system. The detection system includes a photomultiplier tube 9 and a silicon photodiode 10, two photomultiplier tubes 9 and a silicon photodiode 10 respectively receive two beams of reflected light and transmitted light and detect the intensity thereof.

由于流动室2做工精巧,尺寸准确,在设计上要求在流体力学上、光学上、机械学和电学上都十分稳定,因而具有加工困难、体积较大、价格昂贵的缺点。同时由于采用气压进样的方法,同时需要大量的鞘液,更增加了其微型化的难度。由于采用光电倍增管9和硅光电二极管10作为检测器,用二色性反射镜6作为分光装置,使得其光学结构相当复杂,调节也相当困难,操作复杂,需要经专门训练的人员进行操作,并且只能对几种特定的发射波长进行检测,波长种类越多价格越高,仪器体积也越大。Because the flow chamber 2 is exquisite in workmanship and accurate in size, it is required to be very stable in fluid mechanics, optics, mechanics and electricity in design, so it has the disadvantages of difficult processing, large volume and high price. At the same time, due to the method of air pressure sampling, a large amount of sheath fluid is required, which further increases the difficulty of miniaturization. Since the photomultiplier tube 9 and the silicon photodiode 10 are used as the detector, and the dichroic mirror 6 is used as the spectroscopic device, the optical structure is quite complicated, the adjustment is also quite difficult, and the operation is complicated, requiring specially trained personnel to operate. And only a few specific emission wavelengths can be detected. The more types of wavelengths, the higher the price, and the larger the volume of the instrument.

所说的样品粒子是采用荧光染料进行编码过的微球。由于有机染料激发光谱和发射光谱靠的较近,且峰形不对称,发射峰“拖尾”严重,亮度较低且光褪色现象较严重。并且由于光褪色问题,此种标记微球并不稳定,不易保存。并且很难选择同一个激发光源同时激发几种荧光染料(一般<3种),因此很难利用他们作大量微球的标记,目前市售的标记微球总数为64种,据说将有100种不同编码的微球即将推出,但这与人类基因总共有约3-4万种相比,仍然是远远不够的。The sample particles are microspheres encoded with fluorescent dyes. Because the excitation spectrum and emission spectrum of organic dyes are relatively close, and the peak shape is asymmetric, the emission peak "smears" seriously, the brightness is low, and the photofading phenomenon is serious. And due to the problem of light fading, this kind of labeled microspheres is unstable and difficult to store. And it is difficult to choose the same excitation light source to excite several fluorescent dyes (generally <3 types) at the same time, so it is difficult to use them to mark a large number of microspheres. At present, there are 64 types of labeled microspheres on the market, and it is said that there will be 100 types. Microspheres with different codes are coming soon, but this is still far from enough compared with the total of about 30,000 to 40,000 human genes.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明要解决的技术问题是克服背景技术的不足,设计一种流式生化分析仪以及用量子点编码微球检测生化组分的方法,使仪器的整体性能稳定、流动室及检测器体积变小、被检测的样品量与鞘液用量减少、价格低廉、可对所有波长上的光强进行检测,一次性得到每个波长处的数据;使用的编码微球亮度高、不褪色、易保存,用同一个激发光源可同时激发更多种编码微球,从而可以对更多种生物或化学组分进行同时快速检测。The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the background technology, design a flow biochemical analyzer and a method for detecting biochemical components with quantum dot coded microspheres, so that the overall performance of the instrument is stable, and the volume of the flow chamber and the detector is reduced. Small, the amount of sample to be tested and the amount of sheath fluid are reduced, the price is low, the light intensity at all wavelengths can be detected, and the data at each wavelength can be obtained at one time; the coded microspheres used have high brightness, no fading, and are easy to store , more kinds of coded microspheres can be excited simultaneously with the same excitation light source, so that more kinds of biological or chemical components can be detected simultaneously and rapidly.

本发明的微流控芯片流式生化分析仪的结构主要包括有:激光光源、微流控芯片分析系统、分光检测系统(CCD全谱仪)。The structure of the microfluidic chip flow biochemical analyzer of the present invention mainly includes: a laser light source, a microfluidic chip analysis system, and a spectroscopic detection system (CCD full spectrum instrument).

所说的微流控芯片是两层薄板经过蚀刻及粘接而制成,薄板可以玻璃或塑料或其它材质的,两层薄片之间刻有十字交叉的通道,通道的终点处分别是样品流入孔、相对的两个缓冲溶液流入孔、废液流出孔并与外界相连。在样品流入孔、缓冲溶液流入孔、废液流出孔中各插有一个电极。激光光源发出的激光经平面镜、凸透镜后聚焦在微流控芯片的十字交叉通道的检测点。通道内的物质发出的荧光由芯片下方的光纤接收,然后传入分光检测系统。所说的分光检测系统是指一个体积仅为几立方厘米的CCD光谱检测器,其内部由一准直用光平行凹面镜、分光光栅和阵列检测器构成,光纤出口与CCD光谱检测器间由螺旋密切连接。The so-called microfluidic chip is made of two layers of thin plates after etching and bonding. The thin plates can be made of glass or plastic or other materials. There are cross channels engraved between the two layers of thin plates. Holes, two opposite buffer solution inflow holes, waste liquid outflow holes and connected with the outside world. An electrode is respectively inserted in the sample inflow hole, the buffer solution inflow hole and the waste liquid outflow hole. The laser light emitted by the laser light source is focused on the detection point of the cross channel of the microfluidic chip after passing through the plane mirror and the convex lens. The fluorescence emitted by the substance in the channel is received by the optical fiber under the chip, and then transmitted to the spectroscopic detection system. Said spectroscopic detection system refers to a CCD spectral detector with a volume of only a few cubic centimeters, which is internally composed of a collimating light-parallel concave mirror, a spectroscopic grating and an array detector. The helix is closely connected.

微流控芯片上的样品流入孔、缓冲溶液流入孔、废液流出孔均粘接有相应的储液池,用来分别承装样品、缓冲溶液及废液。各储液池分别通过样品流入孔、缓冲溶液流入孔、废液流出孔与通道相通。各储液池中插装有电极,它们可以由铂丝、金丝、铂片或金片做成,但从稳定性、导电性能及造价等方面考虑,选择铂丝作为电极最为合适。微流控芯片大小为1-15cm2,但为了保证一定大小的电场强度,芯片无须做得过大,以1-6cm2为宜;每条微通道长度为1-5cm,以0.5-1.5cm为最佳;每条微通道宽度为10-150μm,以20-100μm为最佳。微流控芯片的材质可为单晶硅、无定型硅、玻璃、石英、环氧树脂、聚脲、聚氨、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯及二甲基硅氧烷。可以通过化学蚀刻法、准分子激光刻蚀、塑膜法及热压法等方法得到价格低廉、深宽比较大的高分子材料的微流控芯片。微流控芯片可反复使用,亦可一次性使用。The sample inflow hole, the buffer solution inflow hole, and the waste liquid outflow hole on the microfluidic chip are all bonded with corresponding liquid reservoirs, which are used to hold samples, buffer solution, and waste liquid respectively. Each liquid reservoir communicates with the channel through the sample inflow hole, the buffer solution inflow hole and the waste liquid outflow hole respectively. Electrodes are inserted in each reservoir, and they can be made of platinum wire, gold wire, platinum sheet or gold sheet, but considering stability, electrical conductivity and cost, it is most suitable to choose platinum wire as the electrode. The size of the microfluidic chip is 1-15cm 2 , but in order to ensure a certain size of electric field strength, the chip does not need to be too large, preferably 1-6cm 2 ; the length of each microchannel is 1-5cm, and the length of each microchannel is 0.5-1.5cm It is the best; the width of each microchannel is 10-150 μm, and 20-100 μm is the best. The material of the microfluidic chip can be monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, glass, quartz, epoxy resin, polyurea, polyurethane, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and dimethyl siloxane. Microfluidic chips of polymer materials with low price and large aspect ratio can be obtained by chemical etching, excimer laser etching, plastic film method and hot pressing method. The microfluidic chip can be used repeatedly or once.

激光光源可为蓝色或绿色半导体激光器或氩离子激光器,但由于半导体激光器具有体积小,无需水冷,预热时间短,价格低廉等优点,且蓝色激光能够激发的荧光范围较宽,尤其是对于量子点,各种发射波长的量子点都可以使用蓝色激光来激发,故以蓝色半导体激光器为最佳。The laser light source can be a blue or green semiconductor laser or an argon ion laser, but because the semiconductor laser has the advantages of small size, no need for water cooling, short warm-up time, and low price, and the blue laser can excite a wide range of fluorescence, especially For quantum dots, quantum dots of various emission wavelengths can be excited by blue lasers, so blue semiconductor lasers are the best.

本发明用以检测生化组分的方法采用的技术方案是:使用发光量子点编码微球为载体,首先激活微球表面的羟基。然后将编码微球与捕捉抗体耦联,即将核酸、抗体或抗原、肽类或细胞因子等物质吸附在不同编码的发光量子点编码微球上制成标记微球。再将其与待测样品混合,通过DNA杂交反应、免疫反应等特异性相互作用,将各种待测样品中的特异性核酸、抗体或抗原、肽类或细胞因子等也全部吸附到对应的发光量子点编码微球上。最后使用微流控芯片流式生化分析仪检测分析待测样品中相关因子的含量。The technical scheme adopted in the method for detecting biochemical components of the present invention is: using the luminescent quantum dot coded microsphere as a carrier, and first activating the hydroxyl group on the surface of the microsphere. Then, the encoded microspheres are coupled with the capture antibodies, that is, nucleic acids, antibodies or antigens, peptides or cytokines are adsorbed on different encoded luminescent quantum dot encoded microspheres to make labeled microspheres. Then mix it with the sample to be tested, and through specific interactions such as DNA hybridization reaction and immune reaction, all the specific nucleic acids, antibodies or antigens, peptides or cytokines in various samples to be tested are also adsorbed to the corresponding Luminescent quantum dots are encoded on microspheres. Finally, a microfluidic chip flow biochemical analyzer was used to detect and analyze the content of related factors in the sample to be tested.

所说的发光量子点编码微球已有大小均匀、包含各种特定比例不同种类发光量子点进行编码的聚苯乙烯或乳胶聚合物的微球产品。本发明采用直径范围为1-20μm、量子点的发射带宽<20nm的微球。微球直径范围以2-6μm为最佳,直径偏差<±5%。The luminescent quantum dot coded microspheres have uniform size and contain polystyrene or latex polymer microspheres encoded by various specific proportions of different types of luminescent quantum dots. The invention adopts microspheres with a diameter range of 1-20 μm and emission bandwidth of quantum dots less than 20 nm. The diameter range of the microspheres is 2-6 μm, and the diameter deviation is less than ±5%.

所说的将编码微球与捕捉抗体耦联也就是对编码微球进行修饰,在其上固定核酸、抗体或抗原、肽类、细胞因子等生物和化学物质。The so-called coupling of encoded microspheres and capture antibodies is to modify the encoded microspheres, and immobilize biological and chemical substances such as nucleic acids, antibodies or antigens, peptides, cytokines, etc. on the encoded microspheres.

所说的与待测样品混合也就是使微球标记的探针通过DNA杂交反应、免疫反应及分子识别等与样品中相应的待测组分结合。The so-called mixing with the sample to be tested means that the microsphere-labeled probe is combined with the corresponding component to be tested in the sample through DNA hybridization reaction, immune reaction and molecular recognition.

在检测生化组分的方法中,样品储液池所加电压为600-1800V,缓冲液储液池为200-1500V,电压增加则流动速度加快,可缩短检测时间,但由于电解及焦耳热等各种因素的影响,最佳电压为样品池1000-1500V,缓冲液池为600-1200V,并且操作电压可由系统操作软件进行控制。每秒钟检测的微球数为2-500个,由于检测器相应速度和计算机处理速度及检测时间的限制,以每秒钟检测30-200个为宜。测试所需样品体积为0.04-0.5mL,最佳体积为0.05-0.1mL。In the method of detecting biochemical components, the voltage applied to the sample liquid storage tank is 600-1800V, and the buffer liquid storage tank is 200-1500V. When the voltage increases, the flow speed will increase and the detection time can be shortened. However, due to electrolysis and Joule heat, etc. Influenced by various factors, the optimal voltage is 1000-1500V for the sample cell and 600-1200V for the buffer pool, and the operating voltage can be controlled by the system operating software. The number of microspheres detected per second is 2-500. Due to the limitation of the corresponding speed of the detector, the processing speed of the computer and the detection time, it is advisable to detect 30-200 microspheres per second. The sample volume required for the test is 0.04-0.5mL, and the optimal volume is 0.05-0.1mL.

在检测生化组分的方法中,可以采用流动注射进样技术,使用计算机对流动注射系统进行控制,可直接引入一定体积的样品及试剂,操作更加方便准确。In the method of detecting biochemical components, the flow injection sampling technology can be used, and the computer can be used to control the flow injection system, so that a certain volume of samples and reagents can be directly introduced, and the operation is more convenient and accurate.

该仪器具有专用的配套软件,使用VC或VB编程,可将不同种类的编码微球依据其荧光波长及相应的强度进行分类、计数,并可将各种编码微球的个数同步的直观地显示于屏幕上。The instrument has a special supporting software, using VC or VB programming, can classify and count different types of coded microspheres according to their fluorescence wavelengths and corresponding intensities, and can simultaneously and intuitively display the number of various coded microspheres displayed on the screen.

本发明的微型流式生化分析仪,集进样、液流控制、排废、分光检测于一体,体积小,重量轻,结构紧凑,可同时获得多种波长荧光强度值,并且响应速度较快,达毫秒级,可将每个快速流过的微球的全波长谱图记录下来,从而可以同时检测最多数百万种待测组分。使用微流控芯片能全自动操作,且可免清洗、流动注射连续进样及排废,每次进样量为μL级,并可精确控制。使用微芯片系统及动电聚焦技术可以减小仪器体积,再加上采用CCD光谱检测器作为检测系统,使得仪器结构更加简单,并可对所有波长上的光强进行检测,一次性得到每个波长处的数据,这样做的好处是在选择荧光试剂时可以不受其种类和发射波长的限制,增加灵活性,从而使得应用范围扩大,灵活性提高,亦使得仪器操作变得简单,并且降低了成本。由于不稳定因素的减少使得仪器的整体性能也更加稳定。该仪器除了有传统流式细胞仪的功能外,还增添了分子识别作用,因而可广泛用于生物化学物质分析、化学成分分析、药物筛选、临床诊断等领域。The micro-flow biochemical analyzer of the present invention integrates sample introduction, liquid flow control, waste discharge, and spectroscopic detection, has small volume, light weight, and compact structure, can simultaneously obtain fluorescence intensity values of multiple wavelengths, and has a fast response speed , up to milliseconds, can record the full-wavelength spectrum of each fast-flowing microsphere, so that it can detect up to millions of analytes at the same time. The microfluidic chip can be used for automatic operation, and it can be continuously injected and discharged without cleaning, flow injection, and the injection volume of each injection is μL level, which can be precisely controlled. The use of microchip system and electrokinetic focusing technology can reduce the volume of the instrument, and the use of CCD spectral detector as the detection system makes the structure of the instrument simpler, and can detect the light intensity on all wavelengths, and obtain each The advantage of this is that the selection of fluorescent reagents is not limited by its type and emission wavelength, which increases flexibility, thereby expanding the application range, improving flexibility, and making instrument operation easier and reducing costs. Due to the reduction of unstable factors, the overall performance of the instrument is also more stable. In addition to the functions of traditional flow cytometry, the instrument also adds molecular recognition, so it can be widely used in biochemical substance analysis, chemical composition analysis, drug screening, clinical diagnosis and other fields.

本发明的检测生化组分的方法还将流动注射进样技术用于微型流式生化分析仪,在减小仪器体积和重量的同时将大大提高分析速度;采用自行研制加工的微芯片,试样试剂消耗少,检测费用低,大大降低了检测成本;仪器的液流控制则采用动电聚焦技术,使微球在缓冲液的包围下形成均匀的层流单列流动,并且每个微球一个一个地单独通过检测器,因而可得到每个编码微球的全谱图,也省去了使用大量鞘液引入样品等繁琐步骤。本发明的优点是一次检测即可同时获得同一样品中多种核酸、抗原或抗体等的含量,以便用于各种相关疾病如肿瘤、各种炎症以及自身免疫性疾病等的诊断、鉴别诊断或疾病的早期发现以及药物筛选等。The method for detecting biochemical components of the present invention also uses flow injection sampling technology for micro-flow biochemical analyzers, which will greatly increase the analysis speed while reducing the volume and weight of the instrument; adopt self-developed and processed microchips, samples The consumption of reagents is low, and the detection cost is low, which greatly reduces the detection cost; the liquid flow control of the instrument adopts electrokinetic focusing technology, so that the microspheres form a uniform laminar single-row flow surrounded by the buffer, and each microsphere is one by one. By passing through the detector independently, a full spectrum of each encoded microsphere can be obtained, and cumbersome steps such as using a large amount of sheath fluid to introduce the sample can be omitted. The advantage of the present invention is that the content of multiple nucleic acids, antigens or antibodies in the same sample can be obtained at the same time in one test, so as to be used for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis or diagnosis of various related diseases such as tumors, various inflammations and autoimmune diseases Early detection of diseases and drug screening, etc.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是背景技术的流式细胞仪的结构原理图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a flow cytometer in the background technology.

图2是本发明的微流控芯片流式生化分析仪的结构原理图。Fig. 2 is a structural principle diagram of the microfluidic chip flow biochemical analyzer of the present invention.

图3是微流控芯片外观图。Fig. 3 is an appearance diagram of the microfluidic chip.

图4是微通道内溶液及微球流动情况示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of solutions and microspheres in the microchannel.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

实施例1  结合附图进一步说明本发明的结构和工作过程Embodiment 1 further illustrates structure and working process of the present invention in conjunction with accompanying drawing

附图中,1为激光光源,最好是蓝色半导体激光器;12为平面镜;13为凸透镜;14为微流控芯片,其内有两条十字交叉的几微米到一百多微米宽的通道21,在微通道21的四个终点处分别有样品流入孔17、相对的两个缓冲溶液流入孔18、废液流出孔与外界相连,样品流入孔17、缓冲溶液流入孔18、废液流出孔20上面分别粘接有相应的储液池,其内各插入一个电极;24为检测区,位于通往废液流出孔20的通道21上;15为光纤,其一端与十字交叉通道21的检测点24相对,另一端与检测系统16紧密相连;检测系统16为CCD光谱检测器。In the accompanying drawings, 1 is a laser light source, preferably a blue semiconductor laser; 12 is a plane mirror; 13 is a convex lens; 14 is a microfluidic chip, in which there are two cross channels with a width of several microns to more than one hundred microns 21. At the four end points of the microchannel 21, there are sample inflow holes 17, two opposite buffer solution inflow holes 18, and waste liquid outflow holes connected to the outside world. Sample inflow holes 17, buffer solution inflow holes 18, and waste liquid outflow Corresponding liquid reservoirs are respectively bonded on the holes 20, and an electrode is inserted in each of them; 24 is a detection area, which is located on the channel 21 leading to the waste liquid outflow hole 20; The detection point 24 is opposite, and the other end is closely connected with the detection system 16; the detection system 16 is a CCD spectrum detector.

微流控芯片14可以是由两片几平方厘米到几十平方厘米大小的玻璃或者其它材质粘合在一起构成,其中一片上刻有两条十字交叉型几微米到一百多微米宽的通道21,十字交叉通道21分成四段,分别为样品通道22、两段缓冲液通道23和废液通道25。在每条通道的终点处各有一个直径1-2mm的小孔将微通道与外界相连,小孔上面可各粘接一个储液池,它们分别是样品储液池27用来承装样品、两个缓冲液储液池28用来承装缓冲溶液、废液储液池19用来承装废液。电极可以是四段铂丝分别插在四个储液池内,使得通道21内在施加一定的高压后会产生相应大小的电场,样品及缓冲液在电场的作用下同时流入废液储液池19。The microfluidic chip 14 can be composed of two pieces of glass or other materials with a size of several square centimeters to tens of square centimeters bonded together, and one of them is engraved with two cross-shaped channels with a width of several micrometers to more than one hundred micrometers. 21 , the cross channel 21 is divided into four sections, which are respectively a sample channel 22 , a two-section buffer channel 23 and a waste liquid channel 25 . There is a small hole with a diameter of 1-2mm at the end of each channel to connect the microchannel with the outside world. A liquid reservoir can be bonded to each of the small holes. They are respectively the sample liquid reservoir 27 for holding samples, The two buffer liquid storage tanks 28 are used to hold buffer solution, and the waste liquid storage tank 19 is used to hold waste liquid. The electrodes can be four sections of platinum wire inserted in the four liquid storage tanks respectively, so that an electric field of a corresponding magnitude will be generated in the channel 21 after a certain high voltage is applied, and the sample and buffer solution will flow into the waste liquid storage tank 19 at the same time under the action of the electric field.

微流控芯片14可以放在一个三维调节架上面,并通过可左右调节宽度的塑料夹子夹住,使之固定不动,在仪器外面即可通过旋钮对微流控芯片14的位置进行调节,以保证激光恰好汇聚于检测点24上,使用方便且精确度可达微米级。The microfluidic chip 14 can be placed on a three-dimensional adjustment frame, and clamped by a plastic clip whose width can be adjusted left and right to keep it fixed. The position of the microfluidic chip 14 can be adjusted by the knob outside the instrument. To ensure that the laser light is just focused on the detection point 24, it is easy to use and the accuracy can reach micron level.

检测样品时,由激光光源1发出的激光束经平面镜12和凸透镜13后聚焦在微流控芯片14的十字交叉点的下游约50μm处的检测点24。编码微球在缓冲液的包围下呈层流流动,并可呈单列通过通道21的十字交叉处,每个单独的微球经激光激发后发出多种不同波长的荧光信号恰好可被光纤15的一端收集,并由光纤15导入检测系统16,进行全波长检测分析。When detecting a sample, the laser beam emitted by the laser light source 1 passes through the plane mirror 12 and the convex lens 13 and then focuses on the detection point 24 about 50 μm downstream of the intersection point of the microfluidic chip 14 . The coded microspheres flow in a laminar flow surrounded by the buffer, and can pass through the intersection of the channel 21 in a single row. After being excited by the laser, each individual microsphere emits a variety of fluorescent signals with different wavelengths, which can be detected by the optical fiber 15. It is collected at one end and introduced into a detection system 16 by an optical fiber 15 for full-wavelength detection and analysis.

上面所得的光强信号转换为可被计算机识别的数字信号后,通过软件对每个微球上的荧光波长和强度的差别进行区分,对每种编码分别计数,最后根据数据特征得出检测结论。After the light intensity signal obtained above is converted into a digital signal that can be recognized by the computer, the difference between the fluorescence wavelength and intensity on each microsphere is distinguished by software, and each code is counted separately, and finally the detection conclusion is drawn according to the data characteristics .

电极上所加电压也可由计算机统一控制。软件使用VC或VB语言进行编程,每种编码微球的个数可以直观的显示在屏幕上。The voltage applied to the electrodes can also be uniformly controlled by a computer. The software uses VC or VB language for programming, and the number of each type of coded microspheres can be intuitively displayed on the screen.

样品引入及废液引出均可以由流动注射系统完成,可实现多种样品连续测定,无需清洗微流控芯片14。Both sample introduction and waste liquid extraction can be completed by the flow injection system, which can realize continuous measurement of various samples without cleaning the microfluidic chip 14 .

检测系统16亦可使用多个光电倍增管作为检测器,采用多个双色性滤光片将各种单色光分开,从而检测每个微球上各种波长荧光的强度,此种方法虽然响应速度较快,灵敏度较高,但装置相当复杂,体积也要庞大得多。The detection system 16 can also use a plurality of photomultiplier tubes as a detector, and adopt a plurality of dichroic filters to separate various monochromatic lights, thereby detecting the intensity of fluorescence of various wavelengths on each microsphere. Although this method responds The speed is faster and the sensitivity is higher, but the device is quite complicated and the volume is much larger.

实施例2  检测样品中所含抗原:Example 2 Antigen contained in detection sample:

1、将编码微球于漩涡振荡器和超声振荡器中振荡使其悬浮均匀;向前述悬浮液中加入硫化N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(Sulfo-NHS)混匀,然后加入1-乙基-3-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐(EDC)混合振荡,于室温放置20min,将微球表面的羧基激活。1. Shake the coded microspheres in a vortex shaker and an ultrasonic shaker to suspend them evenly; 3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide salt (EDC) was mixed and shaken, and left at room temperature for 20 minutes to activate the carboxyl groups on the surface of the microspheres.

2、激活后的微球用PBS溶液清洗3次,然后用漩涡混悬,迅速加入捕捉抗体,混合后于室温下振荡孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清液。2. The activated microspheres were washed 3 times with PBS solution, then suspended by vortex, and the capture antibody was added quickly, after mixing, shake and incubate at room temperature for 30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, and discard the supernatant.

3、使微球悬浮于含有1mg/mL的BSA和0.02%吐温20中,4℃孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清液;用上述缓冲液将微球洗两次,使其悬浮于1mL的细胞培养液中,4℃孵育20min;用血细胞计数器计数,调节悬浮的微球浓度为2×106/mL,并且于4℃暗处放置;3. Suspend the microspheres in BSA containing 1mg/mL and 0.02% Tween 20, incubate at 4°C for 30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash the microspheres twice with the above buffer, and suspend them in Incubate in 1mL of cell culture medium at 4°C for 20min; count with a hemocytometer, adjust the concentration of suspended microspheres to 2×10 6 /mL, and place in a dark place at 4°C;

4、将待测样品与连有各种特异性抗体的微球于小试管中混合,混悬振荡,4℃孵育30min;200g离心15min,弃上清液。4. Mix the sample to be tested with microspheres linked with various specific antibodies in a small test tube, suspend and shake, incubate at 4°C for 30 minutes; centrifuge at 200g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant.

5、加入用量子点或者其它颜色的有机染料标记的抗种属特异性IgG抗体,4℃孵育45min;200g离心15min,弃上清液。用PBS清洗两次以除去过量的检测抗体,悬浮于50μL的PBS-FTN溶液中;将上述处理的样品放入该微型流式生化分析仪中的芯片上面的样品池中,进行分析检测。5. Add anti-species-specific IgG antibodies labeled with quantum dots or other colored organic dyes, incubate at 4°C for 45 minutes; centrifuge at 200g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant. Wash twice with PBS to remove excess detection antibody, and suspend in 50 μL of PBS-FTN solution; put the above-mentioned treated sample into the sample pool above the chip in the micro-flow biochemical analyzer for analysis and detection.

6、阴性对照组设定:每一样品均设非特异对照组,以PBS代替特异性抗体,其余操作同上。6. Negative control group setting: set a non-specific control group for each sample, replace the specific antibody with PBS, and the rest of the operations are the same as above.

实施例3  微球标记受体检测细胞因子Example 3 Detection of cytokines by microsphere-labeled receptors

1、激活微球表面的羟基过程同实施例2。1. The process of activating the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the microspheres is the same as in Example 2.

2、分别在每种微球中加入IL-1、2、6、12等受体,每种微球对应于一种受体,混合后于室温下振荡孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清;2. Add receptors such as IL-1, 2, 6, and 12 to each microsphere, each microsphere corresponds to a receptor, mix and incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes, centrifuge at 200g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant ;

3、使微球悬浮于含有1mg/mL的BSA和0.02%吐温20中,4℃孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清液;用上述缓冲液将微球洗两次,使其悬浮于1mL的细胞培养液中,4℃孵育20min;用血细胞计数器计数,调节悬浮的微球浓度为2×106/mL,并且于4℃暗处放置;3. Suspend the microspheres in BSA containing 1mg/mL and 0.02% Tween 20, incubate at 4°C for 30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash the microspheres twice with the above buffer, and suspend them in Incubate in 1mL of cell culture medium at 4°C for 20min; count with a hemocytometer, adjust the concentration of suspended microspheres to 2×10 6 /mL, and place in a dark place at 4°C;

4、加入含有待测细胞因子的溶液100μL,于4℃孵育45min;于200g离心15min,弃掉上清液。4. Add 100 μL of the solution containing the cytokine to be tested, incubate at 4°C for 45 minutes; centrifuge at 200 g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant.

5、加入另一系列颜色的量子点或荧光染料标记的IL-1、2、6、12等抗体,与连有各种受体的微球于小试管中混合,漩涡振荡,4℃孵育45min;于200g离心15min,弃掉上清液;用PBS清洗两次以除去过量的检测抗体,加入50μL PBS(含0.1%叠氮化钠)缓冲液,上机分析。测定每种细胞因子的百分含量。5. Add another series of colors of quantum dots or fluorescent dye-labeled IL-1, 2, 6, 12 and other antibodies, mix with microspheres connected with various receptors in a small test tube, vortex, and incubate at 4°C for 45 minutes Centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash twice with PBS to remove excess detection antibody, add 50μL PBS (containing 0.1% sodium azide) buffer, and analyze on the machine. The percentage content of each cytokine was determined.

6、阴性对照组设定:同实施例2。6. Setting of negative control group: same as in Example 2.

实施例4  微球标记寡核苷酸探针进行基因检测Example 4 Microsphere-labeled oligonucleotide probes for gene detection

1、激活微球表面的羟基过程同实施例2。1. The process of activating the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the microspheres is the same as in Example 2.

2、向每个试管中加入一种编码的微球和IL-1、2、6、12基因的寡核苷酸片断F1、F2、F6、F12中的一种,每种微球对应于一种寡核苷酸片断;混匀后置室温、暗处孵育15min-30min,于200g离心15min,弃掉上清液。2. Add a coded microsphere and one of the oligonucleotide fragments F1, F2, F6, and F12 of IL-1, 2, 6, and 12 genes to each test tube, each microsphere corresponds to a Oligonucleotide fragments; after mixing, incubate at room temperature in the dark for 15min-30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, and discard the supernatant.

3、使微球悬浮于含有1mg/mL的BSA和0.02%吐温20中,4℃孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清液;用上述缓冲液将微球洗两次,使其悬浮于1mL的细胞培养液中,4℃孵育20min;用血细胞计数器计数,调节悬浮的微球浓度为2×106/mL,并且于4℃暗处放置;3. Suspend the microspheres in BSA containing 1mg/mL and 0.02% Tween 20, incubate at 4°C for 30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash the microspheres twice with the above buffer, and suspend them in Incubate in 1mL of cell culture medium at 4°C for 20min; count with a hemocytometer, adjust the concentration of suspended microspheres to 2×10 6 /mL, and place in a dark place at 4°C;

4、加入待测样品10μL,室温暗处孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃掉上清液。4. Add 10 μL of the sample to be tested, incubate at room temperature in the dark for 30 minutes, centrifuge at 200 g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant.

5、加入另一系列颜色的量子点或荧光染料标记的IL-1、2、6、12基因的寡核苷酸片段R1、R2、R6、R12各5μL(F与R序列不互补);混匀后置室温、暗处孵育15min-30min,200g离心15min,弃掉上清液;用PBS清洗两次以除去过量的检测抗体,加入50μL PBS(含0.1%叠氮化钠)缓冲液,上机分析,测定每种寡核苷酸的百分含量。5. Add 5 μL each of the oligonucleotide fragments R1, R2, R6, and R12 of another series of quantum dots or fluorescent dye-labeled IL-1, 2, 6, and 12 genes (F and R sequences are not complementary); mix After uniformity, incubate at room temperature and in the dark for 15min-30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash twice with PBS to remove excess detection antibody, add 50μL PBS (containing 0.1% sodium azide) buffer, and put on Machine analysis to determine the percentage content of each oligonucleotide.

6、阴性对照组设定:每一样品均设非特异对照组,以PBS代替特异性探针,其余同上。6. Negative control group setting: each sample was set as a non-specific control group, and PBS was used to replace the specific probe, and the rest were the same as above.

实施例5微球标记肽进行检测特异性受体Example 5 Microsphere-labeled peptides for detection of specific receptors

1、激活微球表面的羟基过程同实施例2。1. The process of activating the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the microspheres is the same as in Example 2.

2、向每个试管中加入一种编码的微球和IL-1、2、6、12肽段F1、F2、F6、F12中的一种,每种微球修饰一种肽;混匀后置室温、暗处孵育15min-30min,于200g离心15min,弃掉上清液。2. Add a coded microsphere and one of IL-1, 2, 6, and 12 peptides F1, F2, F6, and F12 to each test tube, and each microsphere modifies a peptide; after mixing Incubate at room temperature in the dark for 15min-30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, and discard the supernatant.

3、使微球悬浮于含有1mg/mL的BSA和0.02%吐温20中,4℃孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃上清液;用上述缓冲液将微球洗两次,使其悬浮于1mL的细胞培养液中,4℃孵育20min;用血细胞计数器计数,调节悬浮的微球浓度为2×106/mL,并且于4℃暗处放置;3. Suspend the microspheres in BSA containing 1mg/mL and 0.02% Tween 20, incubate at 4°C for 30min, centrifuge at 200g for 15min, discard the supernatant; wash the microspheres twice with the above buffer, and suspend them in Incubate in 1mL of cell culture medium at 4°C for 20min; count with a hemocytometer, adjust the concentration of suspended microspheres to 2×10 6 /mL, and place in a dark place at 4°C;

4、加入待测样品,室温避光孵育30min,200g离心15min,弃掉上清液。4. Add the sample to be tested, incubate at room temperature in the dark for 30 minutes, centrifuge at 200 g for 15 minutes, and discard the supernatant.

5、加入另一系列颜色的量子点或荧光染料标记的IL-1、2、6、12受体的抗体RAb1、RAb2、RAb6、RAb12各5μL;混匀后置室温、暗处孵育15min-30min,200g离心15min,弃掉上清液;用PBS清洗两次以除去过量的检测抗体,加入50μL PBS(含0.1%叠氮化钠)缓冲液,上机分析,测定每种肽的百分含量。5. Add 5 μL each of quantum dots of another series of colors or fluorescent dye-labeled antibodies RAb1, RAb2, RAb6, and RAb12 to IL-1, RAb2, RAb6, and RAb12; mix well and incubate at room temperature in the dark for 15min-30min , centrifuged at 200g for 15min, discarded the supernatant; washed twice with PBS to remove excess detection antibody, added 50μL PBS (containing 0.1% sodium azide) buffer, analyzed on the machine, and determined the percentage content of each peptide .

6、阴性对照组设定:同实施例2。6. Setting of negative control group: same as in Example 2.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of micro-fluidic chip streaming Biochemical Analyzer, its structure includes LASER Light Source (1), spectral detection system (16), and promptly the CCD spectroscopic detector is characterized in that, and its structure also has micro-fluidic chip (14); Said micro-fluidic chip (14) is two-layer thin plate through etching and bonding and make, be carved with the passage (21) of right-angled intersection between the two-layer thin slice, the destination county of passage (21) is respectively sample flow hand-hole (17), relative two buffer solution ostiums (18), waste liquid tap hole (20); Sample flow hand-hole (17), buffer solution ostium (18), waste liquid tap hole are bonded with corresponding liquid storage tank respectively above (20), and each liquid storage tank communicates with passage (21) by sample flow hand-hole (17), buffer solution ostium (18), waste liquid tap hole (20) respectively; Respectively be fitted with electrode in the liquid storage tank; The laser that LASER Light Source (1) is sent focuses on the check point (24) of the right-angled intersection passage of micro-fluidic chip (14) behind level crossing (12), convex lens (13); The fluorescence that material in the passage (21) sends is received by the optical fiber (15) of micro-fluidic chip (14) below, imports spectral detection system (16) then into.
According to the described micro-fluidic chip streaming of claim 1 Biochemical Analyzer, it is characterized in that 2, the electrode of plug-in mounting is platinum filament or spun gold or platinized platinum or gold plaque in each liquid storage tank.
According to claim 1 or 2 described micro-fluidic chip streaming Biochemical Analyzers, it is characterized in that 3, said LASER Light Source (1) is blue or green semiconductor laser.
4, the application of a kind of micro-fluidic chip streaming Biochemical Analyzer of claim 1 in detecting biochemical component is characterized in that, uses the luminescent quantum dot coding microball to be carrier; At first activate the hydroxyl of microsphere surface; Secondly with coding microball and capture antibodies coupling connection, be about to nucleic acid, antibody or antigen, peptide class or cell factor and be adsorbed on the microballoon of encoding, make the mark microballoon with luminescent quantum dot; Mix with testing sample once more, interact, the specific nucleic acid in the testing sample, antibody or antigen, peptide class or cell factor are adsorbed onto on the corresponding luminescent quantum dot coding microball by specificity; Use the content of correlation factor in the micro-fluidic chip streaming Biochemical Analyzer check and analysis testing sample at last.
5, according to the application of the described micro-fluidic chip streaming of claim 4 Biochemical Analyzer in detecting biochemical component, it is characterized in that, using micro-fluidic chip streaming Biochemical Analyzer to detect in the biochemical component, sample liquid storage tank (27) institute making alive is 600-1800V, and damping fluid liquid storage tank (28) institute making alive is 200-1500V.
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