CN1233703C - Method for preparing high-cohesiveness thermoplastic cross-linked rubber - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-cohesiveness thermoplastic cross-linked rubber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明高粘结性热塑性硫化胶的制备方法涉及一种动态全硫化技术制备热塑性硫化胶的方法,其操作步骤如下:(1)橡胶和塑料与增粘剂预混:先将部分橡胶和全部塑料与增粘剂预混,参与预混的橡胶用量占所要制备的热塑性硫化胶中橡胶总重量的20%~60%,增粘剂用量为所要制备的热塑性硫化胶总重量的2%~4%,增粘剂为聚异丁烯或丁基苯酚和乙炔的缩合物;(2)橡胶母胶的制备:将所剩下的橡胶和填料、软化剂、老化剂、加工助剂混炼成母胶;(3)动态硫化:将上两步制备的预混物与橡胶母胶和硫化剂、促进剂进行动态硫化;(4)后期充油:加入塑料重量含量的20%的油,继续混合均匀,即得到高粘结性及综合性能优良的热塑性硫化胶。The preparation method of high-adhesive thermoplastic vulcanizate of the present invention relates to a method for preparing thermoplastic vulcanizate by dynamic full vulcanization technology, and its operation steps are as follows: (1) rubber and plastics are premixed with tackifier: first mix part of rubber and all Plastic and tackifier are premixed, the amount of rubber involved in the premixing accounts for 20% to 60% of the total weight of the rubber in the thermoplastic vulcanizate to be prepared, and the amount of tackifier is 2% to 4% of the total weight of the thermoplastic vulcanizate to be prepared. %, the tackifier is the condensation product of polyisobutylene or butylphenol and acetylene; (2) Preparation of rubber masterbatch: mix the remaining rubber with filler, softener, aging agent and processing aid to form masterbatch (3) Dynamic vulcanization: dynamic vulcanization of the premix prepared in the previous two steps, rubber masterbatch, vulcanizing agent, and accelerator; (4) late oil filling: add 20% of the plastic weight content of oil, and continue to mix evenly , that is to obtain a thermoplastic vulcanizate with high adhesion and excellent comprehensive properties.
Description
技术领域本发明涉及一种动态全硫化技术制备高粘结性热塑性硫化胶的方法,在用熔融共混法制备热塑性硫化胶原有的配方基础上提出的制备方法,该方法能制备高粘结性的综合性能优良的热塑性硫化胶。Technical field The present invention relates to a method for preparing high-adhesive thermoplastic vulcanizate by dynamic full vulcanization technology. The preparation method proposed on the basis of the existing formula for preparing thermoplastic vulcanizate by melt blending method can prepare high-adhesive A thermoplastic vulcanizate with excellent comprehensive properties.
背景技术动态全硫化技术是在热塑性树脂基体中混入橡胶,与交联剂一起混炼的同时,能够使橡胶“就地”完全产生化学交联,并在高速混合和剪切作用下,交联的橡胶被破碎成大量的微米级颗粒,分散在连续的热塑性树脂基体中,从而形成热塑性硫化胶(简称TPV)。制备TPV可选择的橡胶通常有:三元乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、反式异戊橡胶、天然橡胶、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氯化聚乙烯橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶或它们的混合物。热塑性树脂基体塑料通常有聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、尼龙、聚碳酸酯或它们的混合物。用动态全硫化技术能制备橡塑比从90/10~10/90的热塑性硫化胶,全硫化是指橡胶的交联密度至少为7×10-5mol/mL或97%的橡胶被交联。TPV不仅具有优异的综合性能,而且具有热塑性材料的加工特性,在许多领域正逐渐取代传统的橡胶。热塑性硫化胶之所以高速发展,其主要原因是它具有热塑性塑料的加工成型优势,同热固性的橡胶相比,生产效率较高,且可回收反复使用,而且在使用温度要求不太高的情况下具有和硫化胶相媲美的弹性性能。早在80年代初,国外就有以三元乙丙/聚丙烯热塑性硫化胶(EPDM/PPTPV)为典型的工业化生产。Background technology The dynamic full vulcanization technology is to mix rubber into the thermoplastic resin matrix, and at the same time of mixing with the cross-linking agent, it can completely produce chemical cross-linking of the rubber "in situ", and under the action of high-speed mixing and shearing, the cross-linking The rubber is crushed into a large number of micron-sized particles and dispersed in a continuous thermoplastic resin matrix to form thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV for short). The rubber that can be selected for preparing TPV usually includes: EPDM rubber, butyl rubber, trans isoprene rubber, natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate rubber, chlorinated polystyrene Vinyl, Neoprene, Nitrile or mixtures thereof. Thermoplastic resin matrix plastics usually include polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyterephthalic acid Butylene Glycol Esters, Nylon, Polycarbonate or mixtures thereof. Dynamic full vulcanization technology can be used to prepare thermoplastic vulcanizates with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 90/10 to 10/90. Full vulcanization means that the crosslinking density of the rubber is at least 7×10-5mol/mL or 97% of the rubber is crosslinked. TPV not only has excellent comprehensive performance, but also has the processing characteristics of thermoplastic materials, and is gradually replacing traditional rubber in many fields. The main reason for the rapid development of thermoplastic vulcanizate is that it has the advantages of thermoplastic plastics in processing and molding. Compared with thermosetting rubber, it has higher production efficiency and can be recycled and reused. It has elastic properties comparable to vulcanized rubber. As early as the early 1980s, there was a typical industrial production of EPDM/PPTPV in foreign countries.
TPV典型的制备方法是:先将塑料投入高温混合器中预先熔融,再把橡胶加入一起混合,紧接着依次加入助剂,填料和软化剂混合均匀,最后加入硫化剂和促进剂进行动态硫化。共混型热塑性硫化胶的制备工艺在“Kinetic Model of Dynamic Vulcanization”(Polym.Mater.sci.Eng1998,79 102-103)综述论文中有介绍,制备工艺大体可以归为两类,第一类是熔融共混法,该类也是最常见的、目前国外应用于工业化生产的制备技术。这种制备技术主要有两种具体的工艺,这两种工艺的差别在于硫化剂的加入方式,一种是硫化剂在橡胶和塑料以及填料和软化剂等均匀混合后加入,另一种是把硫化剂、填料和软化剂等预先加在橡胶里,然后再和塑料混合进行动态硫化。第二类是溶液聚合法,目前还处于实验阶段。The typical preparation method of TPV is: put the plastic into the high-temperature mixer to pre-melt, then add the rubber and mix together, then add additives, fillers and softeners in turn, mix well, and finally add vulcanizing agent and accelerator for dynamic vulcanization. The preparation process of blended thermoplastic vulcanizate is introduced in the review paper "Kinetic Model of Dynamic Vulcanization" (Polym.Mater.sci.Eng1998, 79 102-103). The preparation process can be roughly classified into two categories. Melt blending method, this type is also the most common preparation technology currently used in industrial production abroad. This preparation technology mainly has two specific processes. The difference between the two processes lies in the way of adding the vulcanizing agent. One is that the vulcanizing agent is added after the rubber and plastics, fillers and softeners are uniformly mixed, and the other is that the vulcanizing agent is mixed Vulcanizing agents, fillers and softeners are added to the rubber in advance, and then mixed with plastics for dynamic vulcanization. The second type is the solution polymerization method, which is still in the experimental stage.
众所周知,在一定程度上,动态硫化技术并不是很适合制备低硬度高流动性的热塑性硫化胶,因为低硬度TPV一般是通过提高橡胶相含量来获得的,大量的弹性体粒子,易形成网络结构,随着橡胶含量提高,材料的弹性增高,所制备的材料变得很难挤出,甚至不能实现挤出加工。影响共混型热塑性硫化胶性能的关键在于形态结构和橡胶相粒径的控制方法和手段。由于TPV中含有大量的交联橡胶粒子,这些橡胶粒子易形成网络结构,从而影响TPV的流动性。如果减少橡胶相的含量,则流动性会提高,但TPV的硬度和压缩变形也会增大,即弹性下降。因此TPV的弹性与流动性之间存在着矛盾,制备高流动高弹性的TPV一直是个难点。传统的做法一般是通过改变配方或采用更先进的加工设备来解决这问题。As we all know, to a certain extent, dynamic vulcanization technology is not very suitable for the preparation of thermoplastic vulcanizates with low hardness and high fluidity, because low hardness TPV is generally obtained by increasing the rubber phase content, a large number of elastomer particles, easy to form a network structure , as the rubber content increases, the elasticity of the material increases, and the prepared material becomes difficult to extrude, or even cannot be extruded. The key to the performance of blended thermoplastic vulcanizates lies in the control methods and means of the morphology structure and the particle size of the rubber phase. Since TPV contains a large number of cross-linked rubber particles, these rubber particles are easy to form a network structure, thereby affecting the fluidity of TPV. If the content of the rubber phase is reduced, the fluidity will increase, but the hardness and compression deformation of TPV will also increase, that is, the elasticity will decrease. Therefore, there is a contradiction between the elasticity and fluidity of TPV, and it has always been a difficult point to prepare TPV with high flow and high elasticity. The traditional approach is generally to solve this problem by changing the formula or adopting more advanced processing equipment.
近几年国内外有关这领域的研究主要集中在原料配合方面,如美国高级弹性体系统两合公司[AES.Co.]在“具有较高的加工性能和物理性能平衡的聚丙烯热塑性弹性体组合物”(中国专利申请号99807124.2)公开了采用聚丙烯组合物的熔体流动速率在约0.5至约5分克/分钟的范围内,且其分子量分布Mw/Mn从大于5.5至最高约20,所制备的热塑性弹性体在保持优良的物理性能的同时,还能提高加工性能。“Thermoplastic vulcanizates from isobutylene rubber and eitherEPDM or a conjugated diene rubber”(美国专利US 5,621,045)公开了为了提高TPV的综合性能,提出了三元共混的方法,该共混物中有两种橡胶成分,如异丁烯橡胶和乙丙橡胶或天然橡胶的组合,三元共混有利于提高共混物的综合性能,而且在一定程度上可以改善材料的粘结性能。“Thermoplastic elastomers based upon chlorinated polyethyleneand a crystalline olefin polymer”(美国专利US 4,978,716)提出了多元共混的方法,该共混物有两种塑料,如氯化聚乙烯和聚丙烯,多元塑料相有助于提高塑料相的结晶度和流动性,从而制备出性能优异的TPV。“Modification of thermolastic vulcanizates with athermoplastic random copolymer of ethylene”(美国专利US6,399,710)提出了采用无规共聚物作为塑料连续相,该发明认为无规共聚物有利于提高材料的扯断伸长率。虽然在上述原材料配合上在一定程度上可以改善TPV的粘结性能,但从应用TPV的厂家反馈信息来看,该材料的粘结效果仍不够理想。热塑性硫化胶和其他橡胶材料之所以粘结差,主要是因为热塑性硫化胶的连续相是塑料,众所周知,塑料和橡胶的粘结性能是很差的。发明人从实验室测试市售的国外TPV料的剥离强度的结果来看,其粘结性能也是不够理想的。如AES公司Santoprene64A~80A的TPV,剥离强度仅有1.6~2.5KN/m(测试方法采用GB532-91在电子式橡胶拉力机上测试,T型180°剥离,拉伸速度为100mm/min)。发明内容本发明的目的是提出一种高粘结性能的热塑性硫化胶的制备方法。该方法是在部分橡胶和塑料预混阶段加入增粘剂,让增粘剂在橡胶和塑料两相中均匀分散并参与动态硫化过程,这样可以使橡胶相和塑料相都具有比较好的粘结性能。研究证明,增粘剂在一定用量范围内,可以大大提高TPV和其它材料的粘结性能而不降低TPV的其它性能。该方法不仅使热塑性硫化胶具有优良的高粘结性能,而且同时还具有高流动性、低压缩变形、低硬度。In recent years, domestic and foreign researches in this field have mainly focused on the combination of raw materials. For example, American Advanced Elastomer Systems Co., Ltd. [AES. Composition" (Chinese Patent Application No. 99807124.2) discloses that the melt flow rate of the polypropylene composition is in the range of about 0.5 to about 5 dg/min, and its molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn is from greater than 5.5 to the highest about 20 , the prepared thermoplastic elastomer can improve processing performance while maintaining excellent physical properties. "Thermoplastic vulcanizates from isobutylene rubber and either EPDM or a conjugated diene rubber" (US Patent No. 5,621,045) discloses that in order to improve the overall performance of TPV, a three-component blending method is proposed. There are two rubber components in the blend, such as The combination of isobutylene rubber and ethylene propylene rubber or natural rubber, ternary blending is beneficial to improve the overall performance of the blend, and to a certain extent can improve the bonding performance of the material. "Thermoplastic elastomers based upon chlorinated polyethylene and a crystalline olefin polymer" (US Patent No. 4,978,716) proposes a multi-component blending method. The blend has two kinds of plastics, such as chlorinated polyethylene and polypropylene, and the multi-component plastic phase contributes to Improve the crystallinity and fluidity of the plastic phase to prepare TPV with excellent performance. "Modification of thermoplastic vulcanizates with athermoplastic random copolymer of ethylene" (US Patent No. 6,399,710) proposes the use of random copolymers as the continuous phase of plastics. The invention believes that random copolymers are beneficial to improve the elongation at break of the material. Although the combination of the above raw materials can improve the bonding performance of TPV to a certain extent, the bonding effect of the material is still not ideal according to the feedback information from the manufacturers using TPV. The reason why thermoplastic vulcanizates bond poorly with other rubber materials is mainly because the continuous phase of thermoplastic vulcanizates is plastic, and it is well known that plastic and rubber have poor bonding properties. According to the results of laboratory testing of the peel strength of foreign TPV materials available in the laboratory, the inventor's adhesive performance is not ideal. For example, the TPV of Santoprene64A-80A of AES company has a peel strength of only 1.6-2.5KN/m (the test method adopts GB532-91 to test on an electronic rubber tensile machine, T-shaped 180°peel, and the tensile speed is 100mm/min). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing a thermoplastic vulcanizate with high bonding performance. The method is to add a tackifier in the premixing stage of part of the rubber and plastic, so that the tackifier can be evenly dispersed in the two phases of rubber and plastic and participate in the dynamic vulcanization process, so that the rubber phase and the plastic phase can have better bonding. performance. Studies have shown that within a certain amount of tackifier, the bonding performance of TPV and other materials can be greatly improved without reducing other properties of TPV. This method not only enables the thermoplastic vulcanizate to have excellent high bonding performance, but also has high fluidity, low compression deformation and low hardness at the same time.
传统的熔融共混法制备热塑性硫化胶是先将塑料预先熔融与橡胶混合,再加入助剂、填料、软化剂混合均匀,最后加入硫化剂和促进剂进行动态硫化。本发明采用的技术方案包括如下四个步骤:The traditional melt blending method to prepare thermoplastic vulcanizate is to first melt the plastic and mix it with rubber, then add additives, fillers, softeners and mix evenly, and finally add vulcanizing agent and accelerator for dynamic vulcanization. The technical scheme that the present invention adopts comprises following four steps:
1)橡胶、塑料和增粘剂预混:先将部分橡胶和全部的塑料与增粘剂在高于塑料熔点下混合均匀,参与预混的橡胶用量占所要制备的热塑性硫化胶中橡胶总重的20%~60%,增粘剂用量为所要制备的热塑性硫化胶总重的2%~4%,增粘剂为聚异丁烯或丁基苯酚和乙炔的缩合物;1) Premixing of rubber, plastic and tackifier: first mix part of the rubber and all the plastic and tackifier evenly above the melting point of the plastic, and the amount of rubber involved in the premixing accounts for the total weight of the rubber in the thermoplastic vulcanizate to be prepared The amount of tackifier is 20% to 60% of the total weight of the thermoplastic vulcanizate to be prepared, and the tackifier is polyisobutylene or the condensation product of butylphenol and acetylene;
2)剩余的橡胶制备成母胶:将上一步所剩下的橡胶和填料、软化剂、老化剂、加工助剂混炼成母胶;2) The remaining rubber is prepared into a masterbatch: the rubber remaining in the previous step, fillers, softeners, aging agents, and processing aids are mixed into a masterbatch;
3)动态硫化:将上两步制备的橡胶、塑料和增粘剂的预混物与橡胶母胶和硫化剂、促进剂进行动态硫化;3) dynamic vulcanization: the premix of rubber, plastics and tackifier prepared in the last two steps, rubber masterbatch and vulcanizing agent, accelerator are carried out dynamic vulcanization;
4)后期充油:在动态硫化后期或完成后,加入塑料重量含量的20%的油,继续混合均匀。经过以上四步即得到高增粘性、高流动性低压缩变形低硬度的热塑性硫化胶。4) Late oil filling: In the late stage or after the dynamic vulcanization is completed, add 20% of the plastic weight content of oil and continue to mix evenly. After the above four steps, a thermoplastic vulcanizate with high viscosity, high fluidity, low compression deformation and low hardness can be obtained.
本发明所用的橡胶为公知的热塑性硫化胶常用的橡胶,例如:三元乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、反式异戊橡胶、天然橡胶、反式异戊橡胶、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、氯化聚乙烯橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶或它们的混合物。本发明所用的塑料为公知的热塑性硫化胶常用的塑料,例如:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、尼龙、聚碳酸酯或它们的混合物。The rubber used in the present invention is the commonly used rubber of known thermoplastic vulcanizates, such as: EPDM rubber, butyl rubber, trans isoprene rubber, natural rubber, trans isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylate rubber, chlorinated polyethylene rubber, neoprene, nitrile rubber or mixtures thereof. The used plastics of the present invention are commonly used plastics of known thermoplastic vulcanizates, such as: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polystyrene Methyl methacrylate, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate or mixtures thereof.
本发明后期充油所用的油为公知的热塑性硫化胶常用的油,例如:环烷油、石蜡油、凡士林或它们的混合物。后期充油所用的油品种与公知的热塑性硫化胶常用的软化剂相同或不同。The oil used for oil extension in the later stage of the present invention is the oil commonly used in known thermoplastic vulcanizates, for example: naphthenic oil, paraffin oil, petrolatum or their mixtures. The type of oil used for post-oil extension is the same as or different from the commonly used softeners for known thermoplastic vulcanizates.
本发明主要采用两项技术:一是部分橡胶和塑料与增粘剂预混;二是后期充油技术。The present invention mainly adopts two technologies: one is the premixing of part of rubber and plastics with the tackifier; the other is the post-oil filling technology.
橡塑预混技术使得塑料和部分的橡胶与增粘剂预先混合非常均匀,进一步加入橡胶后,短时间内全部橡胶和塑料与增粘剂就会形成均匀相态。因为整个动态硫化过程是很短的,所以该技术可以有效地避免传统的动态硫化技术中橡塑与增粘剂不能充分混合均匀的弊病,也避免了某些传统方法为了增加橡塑混合均匀度有意延长预混合时间,而造成了填料和各种配合剂向塑料相中大量迁移的缺点。橡胶、塑料与增粘剂的均匀混合,对于下一步动态硫化过程中成功实现相反转并得到细小的被塑料相均匀包覆的粒子是十分重要的,而细小的橡胶粒子对于提高TPV的流动性和弹性也是必备的。The rubber-plastic premixing technology makes the pre-mixing of plastic and part of rubber and tackifier very uniform. After further adding rubber, all rubber, plastic and tackifier will form a uniform phase in a short time. Because the entire dynamic vulcanization process is very short, this technology can effectively avoid the disadvantages of the traditional dynamic vulcanization technology that the rubber and tackifier cannot be fully mixed evenly, and it also avoids some traditional methods in order to increase the uniformity of rubber and plastic mixing. Deliberately prolonging the premixing time has caused the disadvantage of a large amount of migration of fillers and various ingredients into the plastic phase. The uniform mixing of rubber, plastic and tackifier is very important for the successful realization of phase inversion in the next dynamic vulcanization process and obtaining fine particles uniformly covered by the plastic phase, and fine rubber particles are important for improving the fluidity of TPV And flexibility is also a must.
后期充油技术是指在动态硫化后期再加入占相当于塑料含量的20%的油,这部分油可在动态硫化完成后进行,也可以对成品TPV直接充油。这样,油能少部分会渗入橡胶颗粒中,大部分会留在塑料相中。实验证明,只要所充入的油与塑料有足够的相容性,并且用量不过多的话,能明显降低TPV的硬度和压缩变形,并能提高流动性。其原因是通过与塑料相的分子的增塑和增容来达到降低TPV的压缩永久变形和提高流动性的目的。Post-oil filling technology refers to adding oil equivalent to 20% of the plastic content in the late stage of dynamic vulcanization. This part of oil can be carried out after dynamic vulcanization is completed, or it can be directly oil-filled to the finished TPV. In this way, a small part of the oil energy will penetrate into the rubber particles, and most will remain in the plastic phase. Experiments have proved that as long as the filled oil has sufficient compatibility with plastics and the amount is not too much, it can significantly reduce the hardness and compression deformation of TPV, and can improve fluidity. The reason is to achieve the purpose of reducing the compression set of TPV and improving the fluidity by plasticizing and compatibilizing the molecules of the plastic phase.
本发明除为现有公知常用的橡胶和塑料外,其他的填料、助剂也是常用的,软化剂例如:环烷油、石蜡油或凡士林等;填料例如:白碳黑、碳黑、硅土、陶土等;硫化剂例如:有机过氧化物、硫磺、酚醛树脂等;其他助剂例如:硬脂酸、抗氧剂等。The present invention is except existing known commonly used rubber and plastics, and other fillers, auxiliary agent are also commonly used, and softening agent is for example: naphthenic oil, paraffin oil or vaseline etc.; Filler is for example: white carbon black, carbon black, silica , clay, etc.; vulcanizing agents such as: organic peroxides, sulfur, phenolic resins, etc.; other additives such as: stearic acid, antioxidants, etc.
本发明所用配方是现有的、公知的热塑性硫化胶配方,在不改变原有配方和使用的常规设备(开炼机、密炼机或螺杆挤出机)的基础上,仅增加增粘剂这一组分,采用本发明的均匀分散增粘技术方法,制备高粘结性能的热塑性硫化胶。The formula used in the present invention is an existing, known thermoplastic vulcanizate formula. On the basis of not changing the original formula and the conventional equipment (open mill, internal mixer or screw extruder), only the tackifier is added. This component adopts the uniformly dispersed thickening method of the present invention to prepare thermoplastic vulcanizate with high bonding performance.
本发明所采用增粘剂主要有两种,其一是聚异丁烯,例如用新疆新峰股份有限公司生产的2号聚异丁烯,据该产品介绍,它主要有以下五个方面的用途:1)可用于生产三大系列分散剂。2)用作粘着辅助剂,用来提高热固性橡胶和纤维的粘结性能以及橡胶、石蜡、沥青等改性剂。3)用作高压电缆保护油膏、电绝缘树脂的组份、绝缘压敏粘结剂、绝缘胶带、工业变压器油等。4)用作填缝隙和密封材料。5)用于食品添加剂。在橡胶领域里,聚异丁烯可以当作增粘剂,但主要是用在提高热固性橡胶半成品和纤维等骨架材料的粘结性能,用量一般是橡胶用量的4%左右。在热塑性硫化胶领域里,传统上从未有通过添加增粘剂的办法来改善塑料和橡胶基体材料的粘结性能,用聚异丁烯来改善热塑性硫化胶和橡胶的粘结性能方面从未见报道。其二是德国BASF的KORESIN树脂,是丁基苯酚和乙炔的缩合物,用做橡胶工业中改善轮胎粘结力的增粘剂,用量范围一般是2~5%。The tackifier that the present invention adopts mainly contains two kinds, and one is polyisobutylene, such as No. 2 polyisobutylene produced with Xinjiang Xinfeng Co., Ltd., according to this product introduction, it mainly has the purposes of following five aspects: 1) It can be used to produce three series of dispersants. 2) Used as an adhesion aid to improve the bonding performance of thermosetting rubber and fiber, as well as modifiers such as rubber, paraffin, asphalt, etc. 3) Used as high-voltage cable protection ointment, component of electrical insulating resin, insulating pressure-sensitive adhesive, insulating tape, industrial transformer oil, etc. 4) Used as gap filling and sealing material. 5) Used as a food additive. In the field of rubber, polyisobutylene can be used as a tackifier, but it is mainly used to improve the bonding performance of thermosetting rubber semi-finished products and skeleton materials such as fibers, and the dosage is generally about 4% of the rubber dosage. In the field of thermoplastic vulcanizates, traditionally, there has never been a method of adding tackifiers to improve the bonding properties of plastic and rubber matrix materials, and there has never been a report on the use of polyisobutylene to improve the bonding properties of thermoplastic vulcanizates and rubber. . The second is the KORESIN resin of BASF in Germany, which is a condensate of butylphenol and acetylene, and is used as a tackifier to improve the adhesion of tires in the rubber industry. The dosage range is generally 2 to 5%.
本发明是通过添加增粘剂的办法巧妙的通过橡塑预混阶段在连续相塑料引入增粘剂,从而提高热塑性硫化胶的粘结性能,这种方法在热塑性硫化胶领域里还未见报道。本发明之所以在橡塑预混阶段加入增粘剂主要是考虑到在橡塑预混阶段加入增粘剂可以使增粘剂比较均匀分散在橡胶和塑料两相里,使得增粘剂能够发挥很好的效果,让分散相橡胶和连续相塑料都有比较好的粘结性能。用本发明方法制得的热塑性硫化胶的剥离强度可以达到5.2KN/m,这是目前热塑性硫化胶的最高水平,大大优于市售TPV材料的粘结性能(一般低于2.5KN/m)。如果采用在传统的母胶法加入增粘剂,那么增粘剂只能待在橡胶相里,而不能使塑料有比较好的粘结性能;如果在动态硫化过程加入增粘剂,那么将会影响动态硫化过程,使得所制备的材料其他性能不够理想。采用本发明所制备的热塑性硫化胶的性能和由传统技术制备的相比,本发明技术制备的热塑性硫化胶在粘结性能(表现在材料的剥离强度)方面远远高于传统的技术方法所制备硫化胶,市售的TPV料的剥离强度一般不高于2.5KN/m,通过本技术制备的TPV在其他性能(如:压缩变形可以低到26%,硬度可以低到60邵氏度,拉伸强度可以达到十几Mpa)基本得到保持的前提下剥离强度可以达到5.2KN/m,粘结性能提高了近两倍。The present invention cleverly introduces a tackifier into the continuous phase plastic through the rubber-plastic premixing stage by adding a tackifier, thereby improving the bonding performance of thermoplastic vulcanizates. This method has not been reported in the field of thermoplastic vulcanizates. . The reason why the present invention adds the tackifier in the rubber and plastic premixing stage is mainly to consider that adding the tackifier in the rubber and plastic premixing stage can make the tackifier more evenly dispersed in the two phases of rubber and plastics, so that the tackifier can play a role Very good effect, so that both the dispersed phase rubber and the continuous phase plastic have better bonding performance. The peel strength of the thermoplastic vulcanizate prepared by the method of the present invention can reach 5.2KN/m, which is the highest level of the current thermoplastic vulcanizate, and is much better than the bonding performance of commercially available TPV materials (generally lower than 2.5KN/m) . If the tackifier is added in the traditional masterbatch method, the tackifier can only stay in the rubber phase, and cannot make the plastic have better bonding performance; if the tackifier is added in the dynamic vulcanization process, then it will It affects the dynamic vulcanization process, making other properties of the prepared material not ideal. The performance of the thermoplastic vulcanizate prepared by adopting the present invention is compared with that prepared by the traditional technology, and the thermoplastic vulcanizate prepared by the technology of the present invention is much higher than that obtained by the traditional technical method in terms of bonding performance (expressed in the peel strength of the material) To prepare vulcanized rubber, the peel strength of commercially available TPV materials is generally not higher than 2.5KN/m. The TPV prepared by this technology has other properties (such as: compression deformation can be as low as 26%, hardness can be as low as 60 Shore degrees, The peel strength can reach 5.2KN/m under the premise that the tensile strength can reach more than ten Mpa), and the bonding performance has been improved by nearly two times.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
将本发明实施例和对比例制备的热塑性硫化胶的性能列于表1中。Table 1 lists the properties of the thermoplastic vulcanizates prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
实施例1制备橡塑比为60/40的三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯(EPDM/PP)共混型热塑性硫化胶,参与预混的增粘剂聚异丁烯占所制备的热塑性硫化胶配方总重的2%),增粘剂用新疆新峰股份有限公司生产的2号聚异丁烯。Example 1 Preparation of EPDM/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 60/40. The tackifier polyisobutylene involved in premixing accounts for the total amount of the prepared thermoplastic vulcanizate formula. 2% of weight), the tackifier is No. 2 polyisobutylene produced by Xinjiang Xinfeng Co., Ltd.
操作步骤如下:The operation steps are as follows:
1)将24克三元乙丙橡胶、80克聚丙烯塑料、0.8克的抗氧剂1010和8.1克聚异丁烯增粘剂在170℃的双滚筒塑炼机中混合均匀,约3分钟,备用。1) Mix 24 grams of EPDM rubber, 80 grams of polypropylene plastic, 0.8 grams of antioxidant 1010 and 8.1 grams of polyisobutylene tackifier in a double-roller masticator at 170 ° C for about 3 minutes and set aside .
2)将剩下的96克三元乙丙橡胶投入常温开炼机,调好合适的辊距,按橡胶的混炼方法,依次少量多次加入1.2克硬脂酸,48克白碳黑,打6个三角包,再加入120克并用油(环烷油和凡士林,并用重量比1∶1),打6个三角包,制成橡胶母胶,备用。2) Put the remaining 96 grams of EPDM rubber into the open mill at room temperature, adjust the appropriate roller distance, and add 1.2 grams of stearic acid and 48 grams of white carbon black in small quantities according to the rubber mixing method. Make 6 triangular bags, add 120 grams of combined oil (naphthenic oil and vaseline, and use a weight ratio of 1: 1), make 6 triangular bags, make rubber masterbatch, and set aside.
3)将上两步制备的橡塑预混物、橡胶母胶依次投入180℃双辊塑炼机,辊距0.5mm,30秒后,加入14.2克叔辛基酚醛树脂,混合30秒,最后加入2.8克氯化亚锡进行动态硫化15分钟。3) Put the rubber-plastic premix and rubber masterbatch prepared in the previous two steps into a 180°C double-roller plasticizer in turn, with a roller distance of 0.5mm. After 30 seconds, add 14.2 grams of tert-octyl phenolic resin, mix for 30 seconds, and finally Add 2.8 grams of stannous chloride for dynamic vulcanization for 15 minutes.
4)加入16克的并用油(环烷油和凡士林,并用重量比1∶1),继续混合直至均匀,即得到橡塑比为60/40的EPDM/PP共混型热塑性硫化胶。性能见表14) Add 16 grams of combined oil (naphthenic oil and vaseline, combined with a weight ratio of 1:1), and continue mixing until uniform, to obtain an EPDM/PP blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 60/40. Performance see table 1
实施例2制备橡塑比为70/30的丁基橡胶/聚丙烯(IIR/PP)共混型热塑性硫化胶,参与预混的增粘剂KORESIN树脂占所制备的热塑性硫化胶配方总重的3%,增粘剂是德国BASF的丁基苯酚和乙炔的缩合物KORESIN树脂。Example 2 Preparation of butyl rubber/polypropylene (IIR/PP) blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 70/30, the tackifier KORESIN resin participating in the premixing accounts for 30% of the total weight of the prepared thermoplastic vulcanizate formula 3%, the tackifier is the condensate of butylphenol and acetylene KORESIN resin from BASF, Germany.
1)将56克丁基橡胶、60克聚丙烯塑料、0.6克的抗氧剂1010和12.8克KORESIN树脂增粘剂在170℃的混合器中混合均匀,约3分钟,备用;1) Mix 56 grams of butyl rubber, 60 grams of polypropylene plastic, 0.6 grams of antioxidant 1010 and 12.8 grams of KORESIN resin tackifier in a mixer at 170 ° C for about 3 minutes and set aside;
2)将剩下的84克丁基橡胶投入常温开炼机,调好合适的辊距,按橡胶的混炼方法,依次少量多次加入1.4克的硬脂酸,56克白碳黑,打6个三角包,再加入140克石蜡油,打6个三角包,制成橡胶母胶,备用;2) Put the remaining 84 grams of butyl rubber into the open mill at room temperature, adjust the appropriate roller distance, and add 1.4 grams of stearic acid and 56 grams of white carbon black in small quantities and several times according to the mixing method of rubber, and beat 6 triangle bags, then add 140 grams of paraffin oil, make 6 triangle bags to make rubber masterbatch, set aside;
3)将上两步制备的橡塑预混物、橡胶母胶依次投入180℃双辊塑炼机,辊距0.5mm,30秒后,加入14.0克叔辛基酚醛树脂,混合30秒,最后加入2.8克氯化亚锡进行动态硫化15分钟;3) Put the rubber-plastic premix and rubber masterbatch prepared in the previous two steps into a 180°C double-roller plasticizer in turn, with a roller distance of 0.5mm. After 30 seconds, add 14.0 grams of tert-octyl phenolic resin, mix for 30 seconds, and finally Add 2.8 grams of stannous chloride for dynamic vulcanization for 15 minutes;
4)加入12克的并用油(环烷油和凡士林,并用重量比1∶1),继续混合直至均匀。即得到橡塑比为70/30的IIR/PP共混型热塑性硫化胶。性能见表1。从性能表可见,即使不同类型的热塑性硫化和不同类型的增粘剂,只要是通过本发明技术制备的硫化胶,就能达到高粘结性的目的。4) Add 12 grams of combined oil (naphthenic oil and petrolatum, combined with a weight ratio of 1:1), and continue mixing until uniform. That is, an IIR/PP blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 70/30 was obtained. The properties are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from the performance table that even if different types of thermoplastic vulcanization and different types of tackifiers are used, as long as the vulcanized rubber is prepared by the technology of the present invention, the purpose of high adhesion can be achieved.
实施例3制备橡塑比为50/50的天然橡胶/聚乙烯(NR/PE)共混型热塑性硫化胶(参与预混的增粘剂增粘剂用聚异丁烯,占所制备的热塑性硫化胶配方总重的4%)Example 3 Preparation of natural rubber/polyethylene (NR/PE) blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 50/50 (participating in the premixed tackifier and tackifier polyisobutylene, accounting for the prepared thermoplastic vulcanizate 4% of the total weight of the recipe)
1)将60克天然橡胶、100克聚乙烯塑料、1.0克的抗氧剂1010和14.8克聚异丁烯增粘剂在170℃的混合器中混合均匀,约3分钟,备用;1) Mix 60 grams of natural rubber, 100 grams of polyethylene plastic, 1.0 grams of antioxidant 1010 and 14.8 grams of polyisobutylene tackifier in a mixer at 170 ° C for about 3 minutes and set aside;
2)将剩下的40克天然橡胶投入常温开炼机,调好合适的辊距,按橡胶的混炼方法,依次少量多次加入1.0克的硬脂酸,40克白碳黑,打6个三角包,再加入100克石蜡油,打6个三角包,制成橡胶母胶,备用;2) Put the remaining 40 grams of natural rubber into the normal temperature open mill, adjust the appropriate roller distance, and add 1.0 grams of stearic acid and 40 grams of white carbon black in small quantities according to the mixing method of rubber, and beat 6 1 triangle bag, then add 100 grams of paraffin oil, make 6 triangle bags to make rubber masterbatch, set aside;
3)将上两步制备的橡塑预混物、橡胶母胶依次投入180℃双辊塑炼机,辊距0.5mm,30秒后,加入10.0克叔辛基酚醛树脂,混合30秒,最后加入2.0克氯化亚锡进行动态硫化15分钟;3) Put the rubber-plastic premix and rubber masterbatch prepared in the previous two steps into a 180°C double-roller plasticizer in turn, with a roller distance of 0.5mm. After 30 seconds, add 10.0 grams of tert-octyl phenolic resin, mix for 30 seconds, and finally Add 2.0 grams of stannous chloride for dynamic vulcanization for 15 minutes;
4)加入20克的并用油(环烷油和凡士林,并用重量比1∶1),继续混合直至均匀。即得到橡塑比为50/50的NR/PE共混型热塑性硫化胶。性能见表1。从性能表可见,即使不同橡塑比、不同类型的热塑性硫化胶,只要是通过本发明技术制备的硫化胶,就能达到高粘结性的目的。4) Add 20 grams of combined oil (naphthenic oil and vaseline, combined with a weight ratio of 1:1), and continue mixing until uniform. That is, a NR/PE blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 50/50 was obtained. The properties are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from the performance table that even if the ratio of rubber to plastic is different and different types of thermoplastic vulcanizates, as long as the vulcanizates prepared by the technology of the present invention can achieve the purpose of high adhesion.
对比例1传统动态硫化技术制备橡塑比为60/40的三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯(EPDM/PP)共混型热塑性硫化胶(配方的成分和用量同实例1)Comparative Example 1 Traditional dynamic vulcanization technology prepared EPDM/PP (EPDM/PP) blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 60/40 (the composition and dosage of the formula are the same as in Example 1)
1)将全部用量的塑料和抗氧剂1010投入170℃的双滚筒塑炼机,直至塑化均匀,约2分钟。1) Put the whole amount of plastic and antioxidant 1010 into a double-drum plastic mixer at 170°C until the plasticization is uniform, about 2 minutes.
2)再将全部用量的三元乙丙橡胶投入第一步塑化好的塑料中,混合至均匀后,加入8.1克聚异丁烯增粘剂。2) Put the whole amount of EPDM rubber into the plastic plasticized in the first step, mix until uniform, and then add 8.1 grams of polyisobutylene tackifier.
3)当上一步的橡塑和增粘剂混合均匀后,依次分批少量多次加入白碳黑和并用油。直至混合均匀。再把辊距调成0.5mm,加入叔辛基酚醛树脂,混合30秒,最后加入氯化亚锡进行动态硫化15分钟;性能见表1。从表1与实施例1比较可见,相同配方,用传统技术制备的硫化胶3) After the rubber, plastic and tackifier in the previous step are mixed evenly, add white carbon black and oil several times in batches. until well mixed. Then adjust the roller distance to 0.5mm, add tert-octyl phenolic resin, mix for 30 seconds, and finally add stannous chloride for dynamic vulcanization for 15 minutes; the properties are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from the comparison between Table 1 and Example 1 that with the same formula, the vulcanizate prepared by traditional technology
在粘结性能上不如本发明技术制备的硫化胶。对比例2制备橡塑比为70/30的丁基橡胶/聚丙烯(IIR/PP)共混型热塑性硫化胶。(方法和实施例2相同,不同之处是在配方中不用增粘剂)从表1与实施例2比较可见,增粘剂的加入可以大大提高材料的增粘性。It is not as good as the vulcanized rubber prepared by the technology of the present invention in bonding performance. Comparative Example 2 A butyl rubber/polypropylene (IIR/PP) blended thermoplastic vulcanizate with a rubber-to-plastic ratio of 70/30 was prepared. (method is the same as Example 2, except that no tackifier is used in the formula) From Table 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that the addition of tackifier can greatly improve the tackiness of the material.
表1
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CN100400573C (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-07-09 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of flame-retardant thermoplastic vulcanizate |
CN100400574C (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-07-09 | 北京化工大学 | A method for improving the fluidity of thermoplastic vulcanizates |
CN101597378B (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2011-11-09 | 四川晨光科新塑胶有限责任公司 | Method for preparing thermoplastic dynamic perduren |
CN101696279B (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2012-01-11 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing thermoplastic elastomer through dynamic vulcanization |
CN101817957B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-07-04 | 北京化工大学 | Low-lag microcellular rubber material for oscillation reduction of high-speed railway fastener and preparation method thereof |
CN102443218B (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2013-12-25 | 郑勇 | Thermoplastic rubber composition and preparation method thereof |
CN103819773A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-05-28 | 苏州瑞邦塑胶有限公司 | Improved TPV formula |
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CN110872477A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-10 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Butyl pressure-sensitive adhesive and preparation method and application thereof |
CN109294246A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-02-01 | 南京京锦元科技实业有限公司 | Phenolic curing TPV material of a kind of soft height rebound and preparation method thereof |
CN109721857A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-07 | 东莞捷佳塑胶科技有限公司 | Improve the new auxiliary formula of TPV |
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CN114381047B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-07-04 | 宁波磐固工程技术有限公司 | Memory rubber with high cohesiveness and preparation method and application thereof |
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