CN1233482C - Method and apparatus for forming special-shaped wire material - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for forming special-shaped wire material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1233482C CN1233482C CN 02157059 CN02157059A CN1233482C CN 1233482 C CN1233482 C CN 1233482C CN 02157059 CN02157059 CN 02157059 CN 02157059 A CN02157059 A CN 02157059A CN 1233482 C CN1233482 C CN 1233482C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and a device for forming special-shaped wire material. The device is provided with a forming unit (15) formed by the combination of a non-driving front section 4-square roll Turks Head (16) and a back section 4-square roll Turks Head (17) driven by dynamic force. The back of the forming unit is straightly provided with non-driving 4-square roll Turks Heads (21) of a finishing roll column backwards and forwards. A forming roll of the Turks Head (17) driven by dynamic force has a diameter which is more than 70 times greater than the height of the edge of formed material. Tension force received by the formed material between the non-driving Turks Head (16) and the Turks Head (17) driven by dynamic force is controlled below 300N. Tension force between the forming unit (15) and the completed Turks Heads (21) is controlled with the range of 50 to 200N so that forming operation is carried out. Therefore, special-shaped wire material can be formed in a high efficiency and high precision mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be applicable to the shaped wire of piston ring for engine, particularly about the forming method and the device of the approximate H type shaped wire that is used for oil ring.
Background technology
Along with the development of engine to high rotating speed, high outbound course, the piston ring of high load capacity is also changed into by original cast iron materials and uses the steel material, and then uses special steel such as high-alloy stainless steel again.Particularly in example as shown in Figure 7, use to have an oil ring in complicated abnormal shape cross sections such as approximate H type cross section, and have the dimension precision requirement of strictness.
Now, the moulding of piston ring like this with profiled-cross-section, great majority are will justify after line is shaped to rectangular lines, by shown in Figure 9 have 4 side's rolls 7,7 ' non-driving 4 side's roll Tekening heads (Turks Head) 4 do the tandem configuration, carry out moulding through drawing.And, be repeatedly repetitive operation, and reach the shape that sets through 3～5 times.In this case, if use special steel, then must in the process of processing and forming, repeatedly eliminate the annealing of strain as piston ring material.Particularly under the situation of high-alloy steel profiled-cross-section, the number of times of drawing moulding and the increased frequency of intermediate annealing can cause the rising of cost.
So,, the contraction percentage of area, the number of times that reduces the drawing moulding that improves time processing, the requirement that reduces the number of times of intermediate annealing are arranged in order to reduce cost.Yet, in the moulding of described non-driving Tekening head,, just need big pulling capacity so will improve the contraction percentage of area of Tekening head owing to the drawing of normally being undertaken by the pulling capacity of capstan winch (capstan) etc.Like this, because the power that is applied on the wire rod increases, wire rod is extended, will take place as shown in Figure 3, material with circular arch (web) 8 and the profiled-cross-section at edge (flange) 9 is being carried out under the situation of moulding, wire rod only extends to length direction, and 9 ones at edge just can not fully be filled in the roll pass.Therefore, when shaped wire being carried out moulding,, just must reduce the contraction percentage of area to reduce tension force, so just can not reduce the number of times of moulding to wire rod in order to improve filling rate by described traditional Turk's head rolls.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of and make that filling rate improves, the intermediate annealing number of times reduces, use few former, can high efficiency, shaped wire is carried out the forming method and the device of moulding accurately.Particularly, the present invention is applicable to the moulding of the special-shaped piston ring material of the high-alloy steel with complex section shape, but is not limited to piston ring, goes for the moulding of heterotypic material widely.
And said here heterotypic material except simple angle, rectangle, circle, oval prismatic shapes, can also be the wire rod of complex section shapes such as H, I, L, M, T, U, V, X type.The piston ring of the approximate H type cross sectional shape shown in described Fig. 7 is one of them example.
In order to reduce the number of times of processing and forming, must improve the contraction percentage of area once in the moulding.Yet, as previously mentioned, because existing Turk's head rolls, be by the non-driving that does not have drive unit, by the drawing of pulling capacity to carrying out of capstan winch, make roll rotation and the drawing moulding carried out, so the pulling capacity that affacts on the wire rod during drawing moulding is just very big, wire rod extends to length direction, is difficult to fill the cross section of full roll pass.And when the contraction percentage of area increased, because the effect of tension force, material can extend along its length, if surpassed the manufacturing limit of material, crackle may take place on the surface, and then may produce disrumpent feelings.
So, if only depend on platform (stand) number of random increase Tekening head, then because the increase of tension force can increase the disrumpent feelings danger of wire rod.So in existing conventional method,, the drawing number of times must be divided into 3～5 times and carry out moulding, and also need to eliminate the annealing of strain in the centre of drawing when the shaped wire shown in Fig. 3 carries out moulding as described.In addition, in the moulding of existing non-driving Tekening head, because the filling rate of edge part is low, so must use large-sized raw material, this causes the rising and the middle increase of eliminating the strain annealing number of times of all working moduluses again.
So the present inventor is a target with filling rate that improves pass and the number of times that reduces moulding, has carried out experiment repeatedly, has drawn following result.
1. by the mode of the driving roll that designs Tekening head, realize wire rod is not applied the moulding of tension force, the filling rate of the edge part of approximate H type profile shapes is improved, the number of times of moulding reduces.
2. by increasing the diameter of Turk's head rolls, can improve the filling rate of edge part.
3. on the other hand, there is non-driving Tekening head to obtain the situation of dimensional accuracy easily.
4. must consider other subsidiary factor, for example for the good program step that is adapted to the many variety production of small lot, be easy to guarantee the high-freedom degree of pass and rigidity etc.
So, in order to reach purpose based on above-mentioned opinion, the forming method of shaped wire and device have following feature among the present invention, the forming unit that combines by non-driving leading portion 4 side's roll Tekening heads and power-actuated back segment 4 side's roll Tekening heads, be tandem configuration and use with a unit or a plurality of unit.
That is to say, forming unit is combined by the non-driving Tekening head of leading portion and the power drive Tekening head of back segment, give the needed pulling capacity of non-driving Tekening head of leading portion by the power drive Tekening head of back segment, by the good non-driving Tekening head of dimensional accuracy with to become section bar do not apply tension force the power drive Tekening head property combination and constitute forming unit.In other words, when keeping dimensional accuracy, improve the filling rate of pass by the power drive Tekening head of back segment, thereby increase the one-time formed contraction percentage of area, reduce the number of times of moulding by the non-driving Tekening head of leading portion.
One or more tandems that are by forming unit of the present invention dispose, can be through 1～2 time the type that processes to the piston ring of described shape.Like this, with traditional 3～5 moulding respectively, the middle operation that needs to eliminate the annealing of strain is again compared, and only needs 1～2 moulding, and the annealing operation in the middle of can saving again, so can increase substantially efficient, reduce cost.
Also have, said here forming unit is not only to mean that non-driving leading portion Tekening head and power-actuated back segment Tekening head form the structure of one, and the two also can be independent, but need the combination on the function.And, for one of back segment power drive Tekening head, be not limited in a non-driving Tekening head of leading portion, also comprise the situation of the structure that combines by the non-driving Tekening head of a plurality of leading portions.
The molding roller of described power-actuated 4 side's roll Tekening heads, hope can by 2 of a pair roller of a strong process side in length and breadth drive.Here the roll of so-called strong process side under the situation of described approximate H type cross section moulding, is meant not in the planar side of side, carries out the roll to big processing and forming one side that the edge pass is set.Thus, when improving described filling rate, can also reach the purpose of easy structure by disposal such as preparation routine steps.
At least the molding roller that drives Tekening head of described forming unit, hope are to have than by the big big footpath roll of diameter more than 70 times of the thickness of moulding material.As previously mentioned, the present inventor has drawn the conclusion that can improve filling rate when roller diameter is big from experiment.But in traditional non-driving Tekening head, needing big pulling capacity when increasing owing to roller diameter, only is by the roll of 50 times of moulding material thickness so use diameter.And the present invention uses than by the big big footpath roll of diameter more than 70 times of the thickness of moulding material, so can improve the filling rate of pass.And, also can be on the basis of the filling rate that improves pass, only the bore with the molding roller of strong process side increases.
Also have, increase,, must consider problems such as balance with cost of equipment to improve the filling rate of pass though also wish the bore of the molding roller of non-driving Tekening head.
And at the rear of described forming unit or a plurality of forming unit row, hope can be disposed non-driving 4 side's roll Tekening heads of planishing roll row tandem.Also have, wish that the contraction percentage of area of the Tekening head of planishing roll row is below 10%, and then wish below 3%.Like this, the precision of the wire rod of moulding by the big contraction percentage of area of forming unit can be improved by the Tekening head of planishing roll row.The Tekening head of these planishing roll row is made of one or more institutes.
And, wish between the non-driving Tekening head of the described forming unit of control and the power drive Tekening head to by the tension force of moulding material below 300N, between described a plurality of forming units and between forming unit and the planishing roll row Tekening head to being the moulding that 50～200N carries out wire rod by the tension force of moulding material.
As previously mentioned, owing to when the tension force that gives moulding material increases, the filling rate of roll is reduced, thereby must increase raw-material size, so must control to tension force.Forming unit of the present invention is to drive Tekening head by back segment to give by moulding material with pulling capacity, when the pulling capacity that is produced by the power drive Tekening head is excessive, and the slip that can produce roll.So, wish between the power drive Tekening head of the non-driving Tekening head of leading portion and back segment to by the tension force of moulding material below 300N.This tension force can be undertaken by the pass design and the rotation number control of the power drive Tekening head of back segment.
On the other hand, though between the forming unit and the tension force between forming unit and the planishing roll row Tekening head also can be zero, carry out moulding for the degree of stretching that improves moulding material, wish that tension force is 50～200N.
Hope be provided with the control device controlled by the tension force of moulding material between described a plurality of forming units and between forming unit and the planishing roll row Tekening head, the roll that promptly floats, to guarantee the tension force of defined simply.
And, in the moulding of approximate H type shaped wire, wish the reduction ratio of circular arch, be 10～50% in the roll pass of non-driving Tekening head, be 20～60% in the roll pass of power drive Tekening head.Here so-called approximate H type is meant the example cross sectional shape with circular arch 8 and edge 9 as shown in FIG. 3.The reduction ratio of circular arch is meant, establishes the preceding circular arch of calendering and is of a size of T
1, be of a size of T after the calendering
2, reduction ratio %=[(T then
1-T
2) /] T
1* 100.The reduction ratio of non-driving Tekening head is less than 10% o'clock, and the number of times of moulding is increased, and when the reduction ratio that drives Tekening head greater than 60% the time, the undercapacity of roll has the danger of breakage.
The manufacture method of described shaped wire of the present invention and device can be widely used in the moulding of the shaped wire of complex section shape, particularly are applicable to the moulding of piston ring material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is all structure charts of shaped device of shaped wire among expression the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the allocation plan of the Turk's head rolls of expression forming experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the final molding shape of expression forming experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the molding procedure of expression forming experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the table of the experimental result data of expression forming experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the figure that sums up the experimental result of forming experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the figure of expression oil ring shape one example.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the cross sectional shape of the finished product produced in batches by the shaped device of shaped wire of the present invention of expression.
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the non-driving Tekening head of expression.
Among the figure: 1-piston ring, 2-coil expander (coil expander), 4-Tekening head (TurksHead), 7,7 '-roll, 8-circular arch (web), 9-edge, 11-roll out machine, 15-forming unit, the non-driving Tekening head of 16-leading portion, 17-back segment power drive Tekening head, 21-planishing roll and be listed as non-driving Tekening head, 23-capstan winch (capstan), 24-coiling machine, 25-(dancer) roll (storage line machine roll) that floats.
The specific embodiment
Forming experiment
At first,, use the Tekening head of roll configuration as shown in Figure 2, carry out forming experiment by following condition with the target that is designed to of shaped wire shaped device.By the top and bottom rolls among power drive Tekening head driving Fig. 2.
Raw material material: 0.85C-17Cr steel
The experiment molding procedure: the operation of experiment moulding as shown in Figure 4.
1. use the thickness/width among Fig. 4 (A): H
0/ W
0The wire rod of the square-section of=2.30/3.20mm.
2. by the non-driving Tekening head of No.1, according to the preliminary compact dimensions among Fig. 4 (B), brim height H
1/ circular arch size T
1/ width W
1=2.30/1.50/3.10mm carries out one-step forming just.
3. use the preliminary moulding material among Fig. 4 (B), change into the roll footpath and the reduction ratio of following Tekening head, final molding is the cross sectional shape shown in Fig. 4 (C).
The experiment condition of final molding:
Use roll: 1. φ 125 non-driving Tekening heads
2. φ 250 non-driving Tekening heads
3. φ 250 power drive Tekening heads
The circular arch size T of final molding
2: 1. 1.20
②1.10
③1.00
④0.95
Experimental result as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 6 is the resulting figure of experimental result that sums up Fig. 5.Here reduction ratio and filling rate are defined as follows, and establish the preceding circular arch of calendering and are of a size of T
1, the circular arch of establishing after the calendering is of a size of T
2, reduction ratio %=[(T then
1-T
2)/T
1] * 100; If the brim height before the calendering is T
1, the brim height of establishing after the calendering is T
2, filling rate %=(T then
2/ T
1).
By Fig. 5 of experiment gained, the result of Fig. 6, can draw:
1. φ 250 power drive Tekening heads than φ 125 and φ 250 non-driving Tekening heads, can obtain high filling rate.
2. when using the non-driving Tekening head of φ 125 and φ 250, brim height after the moulding slightly reduces than raw-material thickness, does not exceed raw material, and when using φ 250 power drive Tekening heads, brim height after the moulding has promptly increased filling rate than raw-material thickness height.
3. in φ 125 and the φ 250 non-driving Tekening heads any, increase the tension force that reduction ratio just makes wire rod and born and increase, so filling rate descends; For φ 250 power drive Tekening heads, then filling rate but improves along with the increase of reduction ratio.
4. in non-driving Tekening head, the big footpath roll of φ 250 can obtain high filling rate than the path roll of φ 125.
Designed shaped wire shaped device of the present invention based on above experimental result.Below, illustrated form of implementation is added a concrete explanation.Fig. 1 is all concept maps of shaped device of shaped wire among expression the present invention.Among the figure from left to right order arranging the machine of rolling out 11, forming unit 15, finally processing Tekening head 21, capstan winch 23 and coiling machine 24.Between machine of rolling out 11 and forming unit 15, and between forming unit 15 and the final processing Tekening head 21, be respectively arranged with the roll 25 that floats, constitute the control device of control wire tension, the tension force that is become section bar of roll shop building is controlled to be the value of defined by its position.
Forming unit 15 is made of a non-driving leading portion Tekening head 16 and power-actuated back segment Tekening head 17.
Non-driving leading portion Tekening head 16 by 4 side's roll Tekening heads, has used the roll of roller diameter for (raw material brim height H * 50) mm.Power drive back segment Tekening head 17 by 4 side's roll Tekening heads, has used the roll of roller diameter for (raw material brim height H * 100) mm, and only top and bottom rolls is driven by motor.
Final processing Tekening head 21,4 side's roll Tekening heads by identical with leading portion Tekening head 16 carry out the drawing moulding by the pulling capacity that capstan winch 23 is given.Can obtain the shaped wire of high dimensional accuracy by these final processing Tekening head row.
In this form of implementation,, also leading portion Tekening head 16 can be set to more than 2 though leading portion Tekening head 16 is 1: 1 with respect to back segment Tekening head 17.And in this form of implementation, though the forming unit of delegation as a forming unit, also can be arranged plural a plurality of unit tandem.In this case, the unsteady roll 25 of configuration is controlled wire tension between the parts between each parts.Also have, in this form of implementation, be to use a final processing Tekening head, but also can have used more than two.
[embodiment]
Use has the shaped device of the shaped wire of said structure, has carried out the batch process moulding of the special-shaped piston ring of cross sectional shape as shown in Figure 8 by the 0.65C-13Cr steel.The tension force by moulding material during moulding between control leading portion Tekening head 16 and the back segment Tekening head 17 is about 200N, and the tension force between forming unit 15 and the final processing Tekening head 21 is about 100N.
Consequently, not annealing in the middle of twice moulding, the dimensional accuracy that has obtained marginal dimension H and width W is the high accuracy finished product of 10 μ m.
Using traditional device to make under the situation of the special-shaped piston ring of shape in the present embodiment, 3 non-driving Tekening heads of (tandem) configuration carry out the drawing moulding before and after needing.And, must be divided into three drawings, also must carry out twice intermediate annealing therebetween.And in the present invention, only need meter 3 (Tekening heads) as shown in Figure 1 to carry out 2 moulding, and can save intermediate annealing to this.
By above explanation as can be known, the shaped device of shaped wire of the present invention, owing to be the moulding that forming unit that the front and back section by the non-driving Tekening head of 4 side's rolls and power drive Tekening head makes up carries out, thus can access the good non-driving Tekening head of dimensional accuracy with to become section bar do not apply tension force, can be with the combination of the characteristic of the power drive Tekening head of high filling rate moulding.
Like this, always need to be divided into 3～5 moulding, the shaped wire of the complex section shape of 23 intermediate annealings, (in the present invention) only needs 1～2 time moulding,, just can finish its moulding for 1 time or do not need intermediate annealing.
And because the only diaxon driving of the molding roller of power drive Tekening head, so simple in structure, operation such as the replacement of roll is also easy.
Also having, because the molding roller of power drive Tekening head, is to have than by the big big footpath roll of diameter more than 70 times of the thickness of moulding material, so can improve the pass filling rate, reduces the moulding number of times.
Also have and since can with between non-driving Tekening head of leading portion and the back segment power drive Tekening head to by the tension force of moulding material below 300N, the tension force between the forming unit is controlled at carries out moulding between 50～200N, so can access the high finished product of the rate of stretching.
Also have, owing to dispose 4 side's roll Tekening heads before and after the rear of forming unit row, so can carry out moulding with the high contraction percentage of area by forming unit, the Tekening head that is listed as by final processing improves dimensional accuracy.
Also having, under the situation of the moulding of approximate H type shaped wire, is 10～50% by the reduction ratio of circular arch at the pass of non-driving Turk's head rolls, is 20～60% at the power drive Tekening head, and filling rate is improved.
By above explanation as can be known, for example always need 3,3,39 rolls to be divided into 3 moulding, need the manufacturing process of twice intermediate annealing midway, (in the present invention) can only use 3, through twice moulding, and do not need intermediate annealing and finishes.
According to as can be known above-mentioned, by the forming method and the device of shaped wire of the present invention, can be to high-precision shaped wire, twice moulding through not needing intermediate annealing and finishing is so can reach significantly the purpose that reduces cost, improves production capacity.The forming method of shaped wire of the present invention and device not only go for the moulding of piston ring material, can also be widely used in the moulding of the shaped wire of other purposes.
Claims (13)
1. the shaped device of a shaped wire is characterized in that: the forming unit that is combined by non-driving leading portion 4 side's roll Tekening heads and power-actuated back segment 4 side's roll Tekening heads, be the tandem configuration with a unit or a plurality of unit.
2. the shaped device of shaped wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the molding roller of described power-actuated back segment 4 side's roll Tekening heads is driven by 2 axles of a pair roller of any one the strong process side in length and breadth.
3. the shaped device of shaped wire according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the molding roller that drives Tekening head at least in described forming unit, and for having than by the major diameter roll of the big diameter more than 70 times of the thickness of moulding material.
4. the shaped device of shaped wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the non-driving 4 side's roll Tekening heads that dispose the planishing roll row at the rear of described forming unit or a plurality of forming unit row tandem.
5. the shaped device of shaped wire according to claim 4 is characterized in that: at the unsteady roll as tenslator that is provided with between described a plurality of forming units and between forming unit and the planishing roll row Tekening head being controlled by the tension force of moulding material.
6. according to the shaped device of claim 1,2 or 4 described shaped wires, it is characterized in that: described shaped wire is the piston ring wire rod.
7. the forming method of a shaped wire, it is characterized in that: use the forming unit that combines by non-driving leading portion 4 side's roll Tekening heads and power-actuated back segment 4 side's roll Tekening heads, the make-up machine that is the tandem configuration with a unit or a plurality of unit carries out the moulding of shaped wire.
8. the forming method of shaped wire according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the molding roller that drives Tekening head at least in the described forming unit, and for having than by the big major diameter roll of diameter more than 70 times of the thickness of moulding material.
9. the forming method of shaped wire according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the make-up machine that is disposed non-driving 4 side's roll Tekening heads of planishing roll row by the rear at described forming unit or a plurality of forming unit row tandem carries out the moulding of shaped wire.
10. according to the forming method of any described shaped wire in the claim 7～9, it is characterized in that: to being controlled at below the 300N at the non-driving Tekening head of described forming unit and the tension force between the power drive Tekening head by moulding material, between described a plurality of forming units and the tension force between forming unit and the planishing roll row Tekening head by moulding material be controlled in the scope of 50～200N and carry out the moulding of wire rod.
11. the forming method of shaped wire according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the Tekening head contraction percentage of area of setting described planishing roll row is below 10%.。
12. forming method according to any described shaped wire in the claim 7～9, it is characterized in that: in the shaped device of approximate H type shaped wire, set the reduction ratio of circular arch, being 10～50% in the roll pass of non-driving Tekening head, is 20～60% in the roll pass of power drive Tekening head.
13. the forming method according to any described shaped wire in claim 7～9 or 11 is characterized in that: described shaped wire is the piston ring wire rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157059 CN1233482C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Method and apparatus for forming special-shaped wire material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157059 CN1233482C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Method and apparatus for forming special-shaped wire material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1507960A CN1507960A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| CN1233482C true CN1233482C (en) | 2005-12-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02157059 Expired - Lifetime CN1233482C (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Method and apparatus for forming special-shaped wire material |
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| CN (1) | CN1233482C (en) |
Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100566926C (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2009-12-09 | 李向辉 | Method and equipment for processing I-type integral oil ring wire rod for piston ring industry |
| CN103611758A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-05 | 镇江耐丝新型材料有限公司 | Preparation device of bamboo-joint metal wires |
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| CN113877962A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-04 | 华航高科(广州)有限公司 | High-speed continuous profiled wire rolling mill |
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2002
- 2002-12-19 CN CN 02157059 patent/CN1233482C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100566926C (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2009-12-09 | 李向辉 | Method and equipment for processing I-type integral oil ring wire rod for piston ring industry |
| CN103611758A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-05 | 镇江耐丝新型材料有限公司 | Preparation device of bamboo-joint metal wires |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1507960A (en) | 2004-06-30 |
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