CN1231322C - Welding method of hard alloy cutting tool - Google Patents
Welding method of hard alloy cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN1231322C CN1231322C CN 01136997 CN01136997A CN1231322C CN 1231322 C CN1231322 C CN 1231322C CN 01136997 CN01136997 CN 01136997 CN 01136997 A CN01136997 A CN 01136997A CN 1231322 C CN1231322 C CN 1231322C
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，涉及一种机械车削刀具制造中，将硬质合金与工具钢钎焊连接的方式。The invention relates to a welding method of a hard alloy cutting tool, which relates to a mode of brazing connection of a hard alloy and a tool steel in the manufacture of a mechanical turning tool.
背景技术Background technique
在机械车削刀具制造过程中，考虑成本和加工的原因，通常将用于切削的小尺寸硬质合金钎焊在钢材料基体上。在实际操作过程中，由于硬质合金与基体钢在材料性质上的差异，特别在热膨胀系数上存在很大的差异(硬质合金约为6×10-6，钢材为12×10-6)，当采用银基或铜基钎料钎焊后，会产生很大的应力，常常会造成刀具钎焊冷却后硬质合金产生裂纹、脱片和碎片现象，造成硬质合金刀具生产的成品率低，也影响了刀具的质量和使用寿命。In the manufacturing process of mechanical turning tools, considering the reasons of cost and processing, the small-sized cemented carbide used for cutting is usually brazed on the steel material substrate. In the actual operation process, due to the difference in material properties between the cemented carbide and the base steel, there is a large difference in the thermal expansion coefficient (the cemented carbide is about 6×10 -6 , and the steel is 12×10 -6 ) , when silver-based or copper-based solder is used for brazing, it will produce a lot of stress, which often causes cracks, peeling and fragmentation of the cemented carbide after the tool is brazed and cooled, resulting in a lower yield of cemented carbide tools. Low, also affects the quality and service life of the tool.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对上述技术中存在的不足，提供一种能有效减少硬质合金刀具生产中钎焊后脱片及碎片现象，提高刀具生产的成品率及刀具质量，延长刀具寿命的一种硬质合金刀具的焊接方法。The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned technologies, and provide a method that can effectively reduce the phenomenon of chipping and fragmentation after brazing in the production of cemented carbide cutting tools, improve the yield and quality of cutting tools, and prolong the life of cutting tools. Welding method of cemented carbide cutting tools.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，采用银基或铜基焊料作钎焊料焊接刀具，其特征在于钎焊时，在硬质合金和钢基材料间通过插入在其间的作为过渡片的紫铜片上的焊料钎焊连接的，其焊接方式是硬质合金通过紧密附着在紫铜片一面上的焊料与紫铜片钎焊连接，钢质基体通过紧密附着在紫铜片另一面上的焊料与紫铜的另一面钎焊连接。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool, which uses silver-based or copper-based solder as the brazing material for welding the tool, and is characterized in that during brazing, a transition piece is inserted between the hard alloy and the steel-based material. The solder on the copper sheet is connected by brazing. The welding method is that the hard alloy is brazed with the copper sheet by soldering closely attached to one side of the copper sheet, and the steel substrate is connected to the copper sheet by soldering on the other side of the copper sheet. Solder connection on the other side.
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，其特征在于插入的紫铜片的厚度为焊接所用的紫铜片一面上的焊料厚度的2倍。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool is characterized in that the thickness of the inserted copper sheet is twice the thickness of the solder on one side of the copper sheet used for welding.
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，其特征在于紫铜片的钎焊料紧密附着的过程是将银基或铜基钎焊料片和紫铜片单面进行爆炸复合，再将银基或铜基钎焊料片和紫铜片另一面爆炸复合，得到复合后紫铜片上、下两面上的钎焊料与紫铜片的厚度比为1∶2∶1的坯料，将坯料进行修磨、清冼、退火、轧制、退火处理，退火温度为450℃-550℃，保温40分钟-60分钟，轧制总加工率为65％-75％，得到紧密附着钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool, characterized in that the process of closely adhering the brazing material of the copper sheet is to carry out explosive compounding of the silver-based or copper-based brazing material sheet and the copper sheet on one side, and then the silver-based or copper-based The base brazing material sheet and the other side of the red copper sheet are explosively combined to obtain a blank with a thickness ratio of 1:2:1 between the brazing material on the upper and lower surfaces of the red copper sheet and the red copper sheet after the compounding, and the blank is ground, cleaned, Annealing, rolling, and annealing treatment, the annealing temperature is 450°C-550°C, heat preservation is 40 minutes-60 minutes, the total processing rate of rolling is 65%-75%, and the copper sheet brazing sheet closely adhered to the brazing material is obtained.
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，其特征在于所用的银基钎焊料片是AgCuZnCd焊料片，其成份为Cu12％-18％、Zn12％-18％、Cd16％-22％、余量为Ag和不可避免的杂质。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool is characterized in that the silver-based brazing material sheet used is an AgCuZnCd solder sheet, and its composition is Cu12%-18%, Zn12%-18%, Cd16%-22%, and the balance For Ag and unavoidable impurities.
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，其特征在于所用的银基钎焊料片是CuZnMn焊料片，其成份为Zn35％-40％、Mn2％-5％、余量为Cu和不可避免的杂质。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool, characterized in that the used silver-based brazing material sheet is a CuZnMn solder sheet, its composition is Zn35%-40%, Mn2%-5%, the balance is Cu and unavoidable Impurities.
本发明的一种硬质合金刀具的焊接方法，刀具的硬质合金是通过紧密附着在紫铜片的钎焊料焊接的，焊接后产生的热应力有效地被紫铜片补偿吸收，有效减少硬质合金刀具生产中钎焊后脱片及碎片现象，提高刀具生产的成品率及刀具质量，延长刀具寿命。In the welding method of a cemented carbide tool of the present invention, the cemented carbide of the tool is welded by brazing material closely attached to the copper sheet, and the thermal stress generated after welding is effectively compensated and absorbed by the copper sheet, effectively reducing the hardness of the hard alloy. In the production of alloy knives, the phenomenon of stripping and fragmentation after brazing can improve the yield and quality of knives and prolong the life of knives.
本发明的方法制备的紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片，即可有效保证焊接的可靠性，也大大地减化了操作难度。The brazing brazing sheet of brazing material closely attached to the copper sheet prepared by the method of the present invention can effectively ensure the reliability of welding and greatly reduce the difficulty of operation.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种硬质合金切割刀具的焊接方法，采用银基或铜基焊料作钎焊料焊接刀具，钎焊时，在硬质合金和钢基材料间通过插入在其间的紫铜过渡片上的焊料钎焊连接的，其焊接方式是硬质合金通过紧密附着在紫铜片一面上的焊料与紫铜片钎焊连接，钢质基体通过紧密附着在紫铜片另一面上的焊料与紫铜的另一面钎焊连接。紫铜片的钎焊料紧密附着的过程是将银基或铜基钎焊料片和紫铜片单面进行爆炸复合，再将银基或铜基钎焊料片和紫铜片另一面爆炸复合，得到复合后紫铜片上、下两面上的钎焊料与紫铜片的厚度比为1∶2∶1的坯料，将坯料进行修磨、清冼、退火、轧制、退火处理，退火温度为450℃-550℃，保温40分钟-60分钟，轧制总加工率为65％-75％，得到厚度适宜的紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。所用的银基钎焊料片是AgCuZnCd焊料片，其成份为Cu12％-18％、Zn12％-18％、Cd16％-22％、余量为Ag和不可避免的杂质。所用的银基钎焊料片是CuZnMn焊料片，其成份为Zn35％-40％、Mn2％-5％、余量为Cu和不可避免的杂质。A welding method for a hard alloy cutting tool, using silver-based or copper-based solder as the brazing material for welding the tool, during brazing, between the hard alloy and the steel-based material through the solder brazing on the copper transition piece inserted therebetween Connected, the welding method is that the hard alloy is brazed with the copper sheet through the solder that is closely attached to one side of the copper sheet, and the steel substrate is brazed with the other side of the copper sheet through the solder that is closely attached to the other side of the copper sheet. The brazing material of the copper sheet is closely attached to the process of explosively compounding the silver-based or copper-based brazing material sheet and the copper sheet on one side, and then explosively compounding the silver-based or copper-based brazing material sheet and the other side of the copper sheet to obtain After compounding, the brazing material on the upper and lower sides of the copper sheet and the thickness ratio of the copper sheet are 1:2:1. The blank is ground, cleaned, annealed, rolled, and annealed. The annealing temperature is 450°C- 550° C., heat preservation for 40 minutes to 60 minutes, and the total processing rate of rolling is 65% to 75%, so as to obtain a copper sheet brazing sheet with a suitable thickness and closely adhered brazing material. The used silver-based brazing sheet is AgCuZnCd solder sheet, its composition is Cu12%-18%, Zn12%-18%, Cd16%-22%, the balance is Ag and unavoidable impurities. The used silver-based brazing material sheet is CuZnMn soldering material sheet, and its composition is Zn35%-40%, Mn2%-5%, the balance is Cu and unavoidable impurity.
实施例1Example 1
为硬质合金与钢钎焊的过程的实施例。首先清洗干净钢基体和硬质合金的被焊接表面。采用搭接接头型式，在钢与硬质合金焊接头处置入一层钎有Ag基钎料包覆的紫铜的钎料片，并在钎料片和基体焊接片面涂上一层钎剂，控制钎焊间隙为0.05mm用夹具固定，并使接头处于受压状态。然后采用火焰钎焊焊接接头，当钎料熔化流入钎缝，填满间隙，然后停止加热，并在空气中冷却到常温为止。然后清除焊件上的残余料完成焊接，焊接的硬质合金刀具焊接牢固。An example of a process for brazing cemented carbide to steel. First clean the steel substrate and the welded surface of the cemented carbide. The lap joint type is adopted, and a layer of copper brazing sheet covered with Ag-based brazing filler metal is inserted into the steel and hard alloy welding joint, and a layer of brazing flux is coated on the brazing filler metal sheet and the substrate welding sheet to control The brazing gap is 0.05mm, fixed with a clamp, and the joint is under pressure. Then use flame brazing to weld the joints. When the solder melts and flows into the brazing seam to fill the gap, then stop heating and cool to normal temperature in the air. Then remove the residual material on the weldment to complete the welding, and the welded carbide cutter is firmly welded.
实施例2Example 2
为硬质合金与钢钎焊的过程的实施便。首先清洗干净钢基体和硬质合金的被焊接表面，采用搭接接头型式，在钢与硬质合金焊接头处置入一层钎有Cu基钎料包覆的紫铜的钎料片，并在钎料片和基体焊接片面涂上一层钎剂，控制钎焊间隙为0.13mm，用平具固定，并使接头处于受压状态。然后采用火焰钎焊焊接接头，当钎焊熔化入钎缝，填满间隙，然后停止加热，并在空气中冷却到常温为止，然后清洗焊件上的残余料完成焊接，焊接的硬质合刀具焊接牢固。It is convenient for the implementation of the brazing process of cemented carbide and steel. First clean the welded surface of the steel substrate and the hard alloy, adopt the lap joint type, put a layer of brazing filler metal sheet brazed with Cu-based brazing filler metal at the welding joint of the steel and the hard alloy, and braze Coat a layer of flux on the welding surface of the blank and the substrate, control the brazing gap to 0.13mm, fix it with a flat tool, and keep the joint under pressure. Then use flame brazing to weld the joints. When the brazing melts into the brazing seam and fills the gap, then stop heating and cool it to normal temperature in the air, then clean the residual material on the weldment to complete the welding. The welded carbide tool Weld firmly.
实施例3Example 3
制备紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。A copper sheet brazing sheet with tightly adhered brazing filler metal was prepared.
选厚度为3.0mm紫铜板，1.5mm厚的AgAuCd合金板，紫铜板的平面尺寸比AgCuZnCd合金板大10mm以提高贵金属材料的利用率。采用爆炸复合工艺，把AgCuZnCd合金板进行修磨、清洗。首先将AgCuZnCd与Cu单面爆炸复合AgCuZnCd/Cu＝1∶2，再对AgCuZnCd/Cu双层复合板平板平面精整，对Cu面修磨清洗，再进行AgCuZnCd/Cu与AgCuZnCd的爆炸复合，复合后的AgCuZnCd/Cu/AgCuZnCd＝1∶2∶1。然后对三层复合板进行修磨、清洗后退火处理，再进行多次轧制与退火后，控制工艺条件为450℃-550℃，保温40分钟-60分钟，退火间总加工率为65％-75％，得到制备紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。Choose a copper plate with a thickness of 3.0mm and an AgAuCd alloy plate with a thickness of 1.5mm. The plane size of the copper plate is 10mm larger than that of the AgCuZnCd alloy plate to improve the utilization rate of precious metal materials. The AgCuZnCd alloy plate is ground and cleaned by explosive composite process. Firstly, AgCuZnCd and Cu are explosively compounded on one side of AgCuZnCd/Cu=1:2, then the flat surface of the AgCuZnCd/Cu double-layer composite board is finished, the Cu surface is ground and cleaned, and then the explosive compounding of AgCuZnCd/Cu and AgCuZnCd is carried out. The final AgCuZnCd/Cu/AgCuZnCd=1:2:1. Then, the three-layer composite plate is ground, cleaned and annealed, and then rolled and annealed several times. The control process conditions are 450°C-550°C, heat preservation for 40 minutes-60 minutes, and the total processing rate between annealing is 65%. -75%, resulting in a copper sheet brazing sheet that produces a tightly adhered brazing filler metal.
实施例4Example 4
制备紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。A copper sheet brazing sheet with tightly adhered brazing filler metal was prepared.
选厚度为3.0mm紫铜板，1.5mm厚的AgAuCd合金板，紫铜板的平面尺寸比CuZnMn合金板大10mm以提高贵金属材料的利用率。采用爆炸复合工艺，把CuZnMn合金板进行修磨、清洗。首先将CuZnMn与Cu单面爆炸复合CuZnMn/Cu＝1∶2，再对CuZnMn/Cu双层复合板平板平面精整，对Cu面修磨清洗，再进行AgCuZnCd/Cu与CuZnMn的爆炸复合，复合后CuZnMn/Cu/CuZnMn＝1∶2∶1。然后对三层复合板料进行修磨、清洗后退火处理，再进行多次轧制与退火，控制工艺条件为450℃-550℃，保温40分钟-60分钟，退火间总加工率为65％-75％，得到制备紧密附着的钎焊料的紫铜片钎焊料片。Choose a copper plate with a thickness of 3.0mm and an AgAuCd alloy plate with a thickness of 1.5mm. The plane size of the copper plate is 10mm larger than that of the CuZnMn alloy plate to improve the utilization rate of precious metal materials. The CuZnMn alloy plate is ground and cleaned by explosive composite process. First, CuZnMn and Cu are explosively compounded on one side CuZnMn/Cu=1:2, then the plane of the CuZnMn/Cu double-layer composite plate is finished, the Cu surface is ground and cleaned, and then the explosive compounding of AgCuZnCd/Cu and CuZnMn is carried out. Then CuZnMn/Cu/CuZnMn=1:2:1. Then, the three-layer composite sheet is ground, cleaned and annealed, and then rolled and annealed several times. The control process conditions are 450°C-550°C, heat preservation for 40 minutes-60 minutes, and the total processing rate between annealing is 65%. -75%, resulting in a copper sheet brazing sheet that produces a tightly adhered brazing filler metal.
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| CN101972904B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-09-19 | 哈尔滨正德科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of high temperature brazing filler metal for brazing hard alloy cutters |
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| CN107511936A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-26 | 乐清大勇新工具有限公司 | A kind of hard alloy impact blade and drill hammer |
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| CN110238472B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-06-08 | 嘉兴南洋职业技术学院 | Welding method of YG8 carbide workpiece and DC53 cold work die steel workpiece |
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| CN113399858A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-17 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Composite brazing filler metal for brazing, preparation method thereof and hard alloy cutter |
-
2001
- 2001-12-27 CN CN 01136997 patent/CN1231322C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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