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CN1221217C - 一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置 - Google Patents

一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置 Download PDF

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CN1221217C
CN1221217C CNB021023913A CN02102391A CN1221217C CN 1221217 C CN1221217 C CN 1221217C CN B021023913 A CNB021023913 A CN B021023913A CN 02102391 A CN02102391 A CN 02102391A CN 1221217 C CN1221217 C CN 1221217C
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CN1433740A (zh
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林智一
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Guanyasheng Technology Corp.
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7037Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers, e.g. stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A61B17/7034Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass characterised by a lateral opening

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Abstract

本发明是有关于一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其包含:一固定座,具有一U形凹沟,该U形凹沟二侧壁上设有两相对称的扣槽;一固定杆,置于该U形凹沟中;一固定块,其顶面为一旋控端,该旋控端中央穿设有一螺孔,该固定块的二相对侧则设有扣缘;及一固定螺丝;其特征在于:这些固定块的扣缘是实质上与该固定座二侧壁的扣槽相配合扣合,该固定螺丝则实质上可螺合在该固定块旋控端的螺孔中。

Description

一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置
                      技术领域
本发明是有关于一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置。
                      背景技术
现有的脊椎固定装置大多是以固定杆配合螺帽螺合夹固为主,但此一现行的方式却存在许多缺点,诸如该种固定装置的固定方式,均是以螺栓配合螺帽来对固定杆进行挟持固定,意即在该螺栓及螺帽未对该固定杆挟持定位前,这些固定装置是无法对该固定杆提供任何暂时定位的功能,如此该固定杆便极容易因为任何因素,造成位移而影响手术的精确性;又该种固定装置大多结构复杂,尤其是有些结构特殊,更需要配合特殊工具的使用,才能实现挟持固定的功能,如此对于某些需要争取速度的手术而言,无疑是造成时间浪费的最大原因。
因此本发明的发明人则先后提出了多项应用于脊椎手术中的装置,如中国台湾专利第81217786号案[一种中央杆式脊椎固定复位系统],美国案号为U.S.Pat.No.5,387,212 Vertebral locking and retrievingsystem with central locking rod;及中国台湾专利第84202032号案[一种中央双杆式脊椎固定复位装置],美国案号为U.S.Pat.No.5,582,612Vertebral fixing and retrieving device having centrally twofixation等,以求解决脊椎手术上的种种问题。并为求在各种所使用的脊椎固定装置上,提供使用者更方便轻易的手术过程,及提供这些装置的固定杆具有暂时的固定定位功能,本发明人于是提出一脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,以期实现目的。
                      发明内容
本发明的一目的在于提供一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种具有一固定座、一固定块及一固定螺丝的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种可借助该固定块提供给一固定杆的暂时挟持固定能力的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种可与一螺钉,或一钩体一体成形或底部穿设一穿孔,以结合一球头固定装置的固定座的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置。
本发明的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其包含:
一固定座,具有一U形凹沟,该U形凹沟二侧壁上设有两相对称的扣槽;
一固定杆,置于该U形凹沟中;
一固定块,其顶面为一旋控端,该旋控端中央穿设有一螺孔,该固定块的二相对侧则设有扣缘;及
一固定螺丝;
其特征在于:这些固定块的扣缘是实质上与该固定座二侧壁的扣槽相配合扣合,该固定螺丝则实质上可螺合在该固定块旋控端的螺孔中。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块底面为一具有弯曲弧度的压制弧面,该压制弧面上设有复数个凸起的限制凸缘,该压制弧面实质上借助其弧度及这些限制凸缘将一固定杆压制固定。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座的扣槽是实质上设置在该U形凹沟二侧壁的内侧面,该固定块的扣缘则实质上相对设置在该固定块的外周缘,该固定块外周缘的扣缘实质上可与该固定座二侧壁内侧面的扣槽相配合插入扣合。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座的扣槽是实质上设置在该U形凹沟二侧壁的外侧面,该固定块的扣缘则实质上相对设置在该固定块的内周缘,该固定块内周缘的扣缘实质上可与该固定座二侧壁外侧面的扣槽相配合插入扣合。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块的扣缘实质上是为具有一角度的非水平设置,使得该固定块借助其扣缘扣合插入该固定座的扣槽时,实质上可就由角度改变,产生对该固定杆的压制功能。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块旋控端底缘为一内高外低的斜面,该固定座二侧壁顶缘则为另一内高外低的斜面,二斜面可互相推挤,该固定块与固定座实质上即借助这些二斜面的接触推挤,可相配合装设稳固。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座二侧壁外表面设有一任意形式的夹槽,该夹槽是实质上可供一相配合的工具挟持稳固。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座是实质上可与一螺钉一体成形,该螺钉并可为任意形式的螺钉。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座是实质上可另与一钩体一体成形,该钩体亦可为任意形式的钩形体。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座底部是实质上可穿设一穿孔,该穿孔实质上可配合穿设一球头固定装置,及在该球头固定装置的球头上方套设一球头压座,该固定座并实质上借助该固定杆及该固定块,压制该球头压座并实质上将该球头固定装置压制固定。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座底部是实质上可穿设一穿孔,该穿孔实质上可配合装设一球头固定装置,及可将该球头固定装置套合固定,且装设在该固定座穿孔中的一球头压座及一底座,该底座穿设有一穿孔,实质上可供该球头固定装置穿过但顶住其球头,该球头压座则将该球头固定装置的球头套合固定,且该球头压座与该底座实质上相结合,该固定座则实质上先以其穿孔装设该相结合的球头压座及底座,再借助该固定杆及固定块,压制并实质上将该球头固定装置固定。
上述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该球头固定装置是实质上可为一任意形式的具有球头的固定螺钉,该球头固定螺钉是实质上可螺固于一骨骼中,或一脊椎骨节中。
本发明中的顶、底、顶面、底面、顶缘、底缘等,是以该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置组装完成后,将该装置整体如人形立置,类同于人形头部的部位即定义为顶,其顶所处的平面即定义为顶面,其顶面的边缘即定义为顶缘;反之,则定义为底、底面或底缘。又本发明中所指称的内、外、内侧面、外侧面等,是以所指的构件本体为原点,朝远离该构件的方向伸张则定义为外,其表面则为外侧面,反之即为内或内侧面。
                      附图说明
图1为本发明一脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的较佳具体例分解示意图。
图2为图1的该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的一固定块立体倒置示意图。
图3为图1的该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置组合后的部分剖视示意图。
图4为图3的横向全剖视示意图。
图5为图4的剖面部分结构放大示意图。
图6为该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的一固定座与一螺钉一体成形示意图。
图7为该固定座与一钩体一体成形及部分剖视示意图。
图8为在该固定座底部穿设一穿孔,且与一球头固定装置及一球头压座相配合的分解示意图。
图9为图8的该固定座结合该球头固定装置及球头压座后的横向全剖视示意图。
图10为图9的该固定座改用一斜向固定座的横向全剖视示意图。
图11为该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的另一较佳具体例的分解示意图。
图12为图11的组合示意图。
图13为图12的横向全剖视示意图。
附图标记
10.固定座     12.凹沟    14.扣槽     16.夹槽         19.穿孔
101.螺钉      102.钩体   20.固定块   22.扣缘         24.压制弧面
26.旋控端     28.螺孔    29.固定螺丝                 240.限制凸缘
260.旋控端底缘           30.固定杆   40.球头固定装置
42.固定螺钉   45.第二球头固定装置    420.球头        422.球头压座
450.底座      50.固定座第二具体例    52.凹沟         54.扣槽
56.夹槽       500.螺钉   540.侧壁顶缘
60.固定块第二具体例      62.扣缘     66.旋控端       68.螺孔
69.固定螺丝   620.扣缘底缘
                      具体实施方式
为进一步说明本发明,兹以较佳具体例配合附图说明如下:
图1为本发明脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的一较佳具体例,其中10为该脊该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的一固定座,12为该固定座10的一U形凹沟,14为该凹沟12二侧壁上相对的扣槽,16为该固定座10二侧壁外侧面的夹槽,20为该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置的一固定块,22为该固定块20二相对侧的扣缘,26为该固定块20顶面的一旋控端,28为该旋控端26中央穿设的一螺孔,29为与该螺孔28相配合螺合的一固定螺丝,30则为该脊椎固定用旋控定位固定装置的一固定杆。
图2中,各元件部位名称与各图号的定义,均与前述图1相同,该固定块20为一类似螺帽的形状,具有一可供使用者旋动的旋控端26,该旋控端26的周缘260则呈现一中央低外围高的形式(详细可参见图5),旋控端26中央为一圆柱凸起,凸起顶面被切削为具有弧度的压制弧面24,该压制弧面24又被向两侧下削,其便自然形成一尖起的态样,而形成复数个限制凸缘240,又该旋控端26中央圆柱形凸起的二侧边,另外设置有二相对的扣缘22,该扣缘22则是可与该固定座10的扣槽14相配合插入扣合(详细可参见图3),该固定块20最后则是在其中央穿设一螺孔28。
图3中,各元件或部位名称与各图号的定义,亦均与前述二图相同。该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置组装时,则是如图1所示的排列顺序,先将该固定杆30置于该固定座10的凹沟12中,以该固定块20的压制弧面24先压制住该固定杆30,将该固定块20扣缘22对准该固定座10的扣槽14,转动该固定块20的旋控端26,将该固定块20的限制凸缘240恰跨骑压制住该固定杆30,及该固定块20扣缘22插入卡合至该固定座10的扣槽14,最后将该固定螺丝29穿过该固定块20的螺孔28,将该固定杆30螺合顶紧完成。
上述的组装过程中,该固定块20在以其压制弧面24压制住该固定杆30,且随即转动旋控端26使其二限制凸缘240跨骑在该固定杆30上时,该固定块20即配合该固定座10,提供该固定杆30一暂时的压制力量,但该整体装置却仍处于可调整的状态,使得施行手术的医生,可以放开压制固定杆30的双手,而处理或调整该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置至最佳情形或位置,又因为该固定杆30仍持续受到压制,所以在调整时不会将该装置的精确度误失,最后再以该固定螺丝29将全部装置螺合锁固,完成手术。
图4中,各元件或部位的名称与各图号的定义,均与前述各图相同。该图中可清楚看出该压制弧面24将该固定杆30跨骑压制,该扣缘22插入扣合在该扣槽14中,及该固定螺丝29穿过该螺孔28将该固定杆30顶紧螺合锁固。
图5中,该旋控端26底周缘260形成为中央低外围高(内高外低)的形式,且相接触的固定座10二侧壁顶缘亦配合设成具有斜度的形式,如此当该二斜面相接触,且该固定块20受力向该固定座10挤压时,该二斜面即会产生一向内推挤收缩的力量,帮助该固定座10将该固定块20及固定杆30挤压固定。
图6中,各元件或部位的名称与各图号的定义,亦均与前述各图相同。该装置的固定座10即可与一螺钉101一体成形,以形成该固定座10可先螺固入任意一骨骼中,再组装其他部件的之功能。
图7亦与前述第六图相同,该装置的固定座10可另与一钩体102一体成形,以形成该固定座10可先钩住任意一骨骼(可特别是指一脊椎骨节),再组装其他部件之功能。
图8及图9中,在其余部件均不变形式的前提下,该脊椎固定用旋控定位固定装置的固定座10,可形成且配合一球头固定装置40使用。这些图中,40为一球头固定装置,42为该球头固定装置40所被实施的一螺钉具体例,420为该球头固定螺钉42的球头部分,422为可套合并压制住该球头固定螺钉42的球头420的一球头压座;该固定座10底部此时被穿设有一穿孔19,该穿孔19的直径则恰被设成则刚好大于该球头固定螺钉42螺纹部分的直径,且又小于该球头固定螺钉42的球头420直径,如此当该球头固定螺钉42穿过该穿孔19时,螺钉42的螺纹部分即可穿过孔19并螺合入一骨骼中,而螺钉42的球头420部分则被顶在该穿孔19外,使得该螺钉42不致掉出;又当该球头固定螺钉42螺合入一骨骼中后,其球头420部位则另压套一球头压座422以增加组装的稳固性,并再将其他如固定杆30、固定块20等依序组合锁固,即可完成组装。
图10为当所进行中的脊椎固定复位手术,无法使用如前述图9的直线式固定座10与球头固定装置40的组合时,便可采用此种组合后可呈一角度的固定座10与第二球头固定装置45;该图中,所有部件均与前述图9所示的部件功能类似,除该球头固定装置45另需配合一底座450使用外,该底座450的功能类似图9的固定座10底部,其亦具有一穿孔可供该球头固定装置45穿过及顶住其球头,而该球头固定装置45亦须再借助该球头压座422压制住其球头420,且该球头压座422亦在组装后可与该底座450相结合,将该球头固定装置45的球头420包覆,最后再将该固定座10以其穿孔19,套入该相结合后的球头压座422与底座450外,及装置其他组件后完成该呈一角度的固定座10与球头固定装置45之组装。
图11为该脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置所应用的固定座50及固定块60的第二具体例,其中该固定座50的U形凹沟52、工具夹槽56,及可与其一体成形的螺钉500或钩体,均与图1的固定座第一具体例10相同,该固定座50与固定块60,则是在该固定座50二侧壁上的扣槽54,与相配合的固定块60扣缘62的形式不同,两相结合后可成一燕尾槽结合形式;该固定座50扣槽54设在该凹沟52二侧壁的外侧面,而该固定块60的扣缘62则相配合设在其内侧面,使其二可相插入扣合。
图12及图13中,各元件或部位的名称与各图号的定义,亦均与前述图10相同。该二图中,可清楚看出该固定座50外侧面的扣槽54,与该固定块60内侧面的扣缘62紧密相结合,且该固定螺丝69亦在穿过该固定块60旋控端66的螺孔68后,将该固定杆30迫紧固定,而该固定座50与固定块60其余部件的结构及功能,均与第一具体例相同。

Claims (12)

1.一种脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其包含:
一固定座,具有一U形凹沟,该U形凹沟二侧壁上设有两相对称的扣槽;
一固定杆,置于该U形凹沟中;以该固定块的压制弧面先压制住该固定杆,将该固定块扣缘对准该固定座的扣槽;
一固定块,其顶面为一旋控端,该旋控端中央穿设有一螺孔,该固定块的二相对侧则设有扣缘;及
一固定螺丝;
其特征在于:这些固定块的扣缘是与该固定座二侧壁的扣槽相配合扣合,该固定螺丝则可螺合于该固定块旋控端的螺孔中。
2.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块底面为一压制弧面,该压制弧面上设有复数个限制凸缘,该压制弧面借助这些限制凸缘将一固定杆压制固定。
3.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座的扣槽是设置于该U形凹沟二侧壁的内侧面,该固定块的扣缘则相对设置于该固定块的外周缘,该固定块外周缘的扣缘可与该固定座二侧壁内侧面的扣槽相配合扣合。
4.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座的扣槽是设置于该U形凹沟二侧壁的外侧面,该固定块的扣缘则相对设置于该固定块的内周缘,该固定块内周缘的扣缘可与该固定座二侧壁外侧面的扣槽相配合扣合。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块的扣缘是为非水平设置,使得该固定块借助其扣缘扣合入该固定座的扣槽时产生对该固定杆的压制。
6.如权利要求3或4所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定块旋控端底缘为一内高外低的斜面,该固定座二侧壁顶缘则为另一内高外低的斜面,该固定块与固定座即借助这些二斜面的接触,可相配合装设且推挤稳固。
7.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座二侧壁外表面设有一夹槽,该夹槽是可供一工具挟持稳固。
8.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座是与一螺钉一体成形。
9.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座是另与一钩体一体成形。
10.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座底部是穿设一穿孔,该穿孔可配合穿设一球头固定装置,及在该球头固定装置的球头上方套设一球头压座,该固定座并借助该固定杆及该固定块,压制该球头压座并将该球头固定装置压制固定。
11.如权利要求1所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该固定座底部是穿设一穿孔,该穿孔可配合装设一球头固定装置,及可将该球头固定装置套合固定,且装设在该固定座穿孔中的一球头压座及一底座,该底座穿设有一穿孔,可供该球头固定装置穿过但顶住其球头,该球头压座则将该球头固定装置的球头套合固定,且该球头压座与该底座相结合,该固定座则先以其穿孔装设该相结合的球头压座及底座,再借助该固定杆及固定块,压制并将该球头固定装置固定。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的脊椎固定用旋扣定位固定装置,其中该球头固定装置是为一球头固定螺钉,该球头固定螺钉是可螺固于一骨骼中。
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