CN1217869C - 陶瓷涂层部件及其制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种供使用的耐磨产品(10，30，40)，在玻璃制品的制造过程中，浸没或者部分浸没在熔融玻璃中，该产品具有一个陶瓷部件(12，32，42)，在其熔融玻璃的接触表面上涂覆有一层由镍铬-铝-钴-氧化钇合成物粉末(18，34，44)组成的薄的基层涂层，以及在基层涂层上涂覆一层由预合金的二氧化铈-氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成的厚一点的涂层(20，36，46)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用在由熔融玻璃制成的物品中的陶瓷涂层部件及其制造方法。尤其是，本发明涉及一种全部浸没或部分浸没在熔融玻璃中的陶瓷部件的涂层，用来阻止熔融玻璃接触面的磨损。
背景技术
包含由37CFR为1.97和1.98所公开的信息的相关技术的说明
在由熔融玻璃合成物制成的玻璃制品的制造中，例如，在由熔化的碱石灰一硅酸玻璃合成物制成的玻璃容器的制造过程中，在部件全部浸没或部分浸没于熔融玻璃中的位置处使用各种陶瓷部件，该玻璃容器是用行列式制瓶机(I.S.)制成的。在使用时，这种部件包括陶瓷孔环，正如美国专利文献US4950321(DiFrank)中所描述的，它浸没于熔融玻璃中，其上表面和熔融玻璃相接触，以及包括陶瓷玻璃流动控制指针，正如美国专利US5660610(DiFrank等人)中的附图标记32所指的，和一个陶瓷进料管，正如上述‘610专利中的附图标记80所指的，它部分浸没于熔融玻璃中。上述的’321和‘610专利被转让给本申请的受让人，并且在此引入作为参考。
熔融玻璃合成物，包括碱石灰一硅酸玻璃合成物，当浸没或者部分浸没于熔融玻璃中时，相对于用在制造陶瓷部件的陶瓷混合物来说是易于磨损的，并且对于这样的陶瓷部件需要很频繁地进行更换，例如孔环通常根据玻璃颜色和温度要求每隔30-60天就更换一次，并且在高产量的装置中更换的间隔时间更短。
发明内容
然而现在发现，当陶瓷部件浸没于熔融玻璃中时，充分地延长陶瓷部件的使用寿命是可能的，以便制造出更有用的熔融玻璃制品。通过对每个产品所有的熔融玻璃的接触表面进行双重叠加涂层，可以充分延长陶瓷部件的使用寿命，每个这样的涂层都是相当薄的一层。最里面的或者基层或者与陶瓷部分接触的涂层，仅仅需要大约0.002英寸厚的涂层，它是一层由镍铬—铝—钴—氧化钇粉末合成物构成的合成粉末涂层。这样的涂层粉末可以从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到，它的总部设在Westbury，Long Island，New York，它的产品名称为Metco 461。基层陶瓷涂层部件进一步被涂刷，厚度大约0.006英寸，其粉末涂层由预合金的二氧化铈—氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成，同样可以从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到，并且这个涂层粉末为Metco 205NS粉末。可以相信，用于每个陶瓷涂层部件的顶部涂层的粘结涂层的基层涂层将会和陶瓷部件相互作用，在进行加热之后，将该部件投产使用，用来生产高强度高耐磨性的涂层。这样一个涂层同样在陶瓷和熔融玻璃之间产生热绝缘，这个热绝缘保护陶瓷部件，减少其中的热冲击，并且减少破裂的发生。
因此，本发明的一个目的是，在由熔融玻璃制造产品的过程中，当浸没或者部分浸没在熔融玻璃中时，可以延长所使用的陶瓷部件的寿命。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种处理陶瓷玻璃制成的部件的方法，用于延长其使用寿命，无论所使用的部件是浸没或者部分浸没在熔融玻璃中，否则这种陶瓷部件将具有很强的磨损。
为了进一步理解本发明及其主题，请注意附图及其以下的简要说明，本发明详细的描述，及附属权利要求书。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明所述的陶瓷孔环的横截面的正视图，它由本发明所述的方法制成，用于玻璃制造过程中。
图2是按照本发明的陶瓷进料管的局部剖面正视图，它由本发明所述的方法制成，用于玻璃制造过程中。
图3是按照本发明的陶瓷流动控制指针的局部剖面正视图，它由本发明所述的方法制成，用于玻璃制造过程中。
具体实施方式
本发明的孔环如附图1中的标记10所示，孔环10由陶瓷部件12组成，它可以是传统的结构，孔环10设计成能用在熔融玻璃的进料碗的出口部，通过孔环10中的开口14、16将熔融玻璃提供给I.S.玻璃制瓶机。这样，在其使用寿命内，孔环10通过其上表面和熔融玻璃相接触，浸没于熔融玻璃中。
孔环10的陶瓷部件12在它的每个玻璃接触表面上提供有双层涂层18，20。最里面的或者基层涂层18由镍铬—铝—钴—氧化钇合成物粉末组成，涂覆于陶瓷部件12上，厚度大约为0.002英寸，采用等离子喷涂，并且从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到Metco 461涂层，适合用作涂层18。
带有涂层18的陶瓷部件12再在涂层18的外面覆盖一层涂层20。涂层20是一个等离子粉末涂层，厚度大约为0.006英寸。例如预合金的二氧化铈—氧化钇稳定的氧化锆，可以从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到，其商品名称为Metco 205NS，适合用作涂层20。Metco 205NS涂层的简介描述了在陶瓷部件上进行等离子涂覆，并且它所披露的内容在这里也一并作为参考。在陶瓷部件12上涂覆有涂层18、20的孔环10没有被进一步处理而安置在一个玻璃进料碗里。可以相信，在进行等离子喷涂涂层(18和20)的过程中，加热会导致陶瓷部件12和基层涂层18以及基层涂层18和涂层20之间具有相互的作用。这种陶瓷部件12和底部涂层18以及涂层20之间的相互作用会产生热绝缘，从而保护陶瓷部件，减少其在经受突然的暴露于熔融玻璃时而产生的热冲击，减少陶瓷部件12破裂的发生。陶瓷部件12的双层涂层18，20不仅提高孔环10的耐磨性(即使其浸没于熔融玻璃中)，还可以保护那些由于过大的热梯度而导致的陶瓷块较少的区域，比如说孔环的桥区(图中未示出)。
本发明所述的进料管如图2中的附图标记30所示。进料管30由环形的陶瓷部件32所组成，它可以是传统的结构，设计成将其最低端浸没于供料碗的熔融玻璃中，用来将熔融玻璃提供给一个I.S.玻璃制瓶机。这样，在其使用寿命内，进料管30的最低端浸没在熔融玻璃中。
陶瓷部件32浸没在熔融玻璃中的部分在其整个熔融玻璃表面上提供有双层涂层34、36。由镍铬—铝—钴—氧化钇合成物粉末组成的基层涂层34，通过等离子喷涂，涂覆在陶瓷部件32的浸没部分上，厚度大约为0.002英寸。从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到Metco 461粉末涂层，适合用作涂层34。
其上涂覆一层涂层34的陶瓷部件32的浸没部分，又在陶瓷部件32的涂层34的外面涂覆一层涂层36。涂层36用粉末等离子喷涂，厚度大约为0.006英寸。由预合金的二氧化铈—氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成的、比如可以从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到的Metco 205NS，适合用作涂层36。
带有涂覆在陶瓷部件32上的涂层34、36的进料管30，没有被进行进一步的处理而安装在玻璃进料碗上，熔融玻璃从进料管30的最底部一直延伸到不超过陶瓷部件32上的涂层34、36的高度。
本发明所述的流动控制指针如图3的附图标记40所示。流动控制指针40由陶瓷部件42组成，它可以是传统的结构，通过浸没熔融玻璃进料碗的出口，设计成用来控制熔融玻璃的流动，该熔融玻璃进料碗用来将熔融玻璃提供给I.S.玻璃制瓶机。这样，在其使用寿命内，流动控制指针的最底部浸没在熔融玻璃中。
流动控制指针40的陶瓷部件42在其最底部、也就是在进料碗里浸没在熔融玻璃上的部分具有双层涂层44、46。最里面的涂层或者基层44由镍铬—铝—钴—氧化钇合成物粉末组成，并且该涂层在部件42上的厚度大约为0.002英寸，通过等离子喷涂。从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到的Metco 461适合用作涂层44。
陶瓷部件42在其上有涂层44，再在陶瓷部件42的涂层44外部涂覆涂层46。涂层46同样通过粉末等离子喷涂法涂覆，厚度大约为0.006英寸，由预合金的二氧化铈—氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成的、例如可以从Perkin-Elmer公司的Metco部门得到的Metco 205NS适合用作涂层46。
虽然已经描述了自申请日起本发明的预期的最好的实施方式，但是很明显，在没有背离本发明范围的所有适当的更改，变化，等同变换均可以由本领域技术人员得到，本发明的范围由下面的权利要求的术语及合法的等同变化单独地限定。
Claims (11)
1.一种提高陶瓷部件的熔融玻璃的耐磨性的方法，所述陶瓷部件适宜与熔融玻璃相接触，该方法包括：
在陶瓷部件的熔融玻璃接触表面上涂覆一层由镍铬-铝-钴-氧化钇合成物粉末组成的较薄的基层涂层；
在薄的基层涂层上再涂覆一层较厚的由预合金的二氧化铈-氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成的涂层；然后
将带有较薄的涂层和较厚的涂层的陶瓷部件进行加热，以便在陶瓷部件上产生一个持久的耐磨的熔融玻璃接触表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，基层涂层的厚度为0.002英寸。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征是，厚涂层的厚度为0.006英寸。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征是，基层涂层采用粉末等离子喷涂。
5.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征是，厚涂层采用粉末等离子喷涂。
6.一种适宜与熔融玻璃相接触的耐磨的陶瓷部件，所述的陶瓷部件包括：
一层涂覆在陶瓷部件的每个熔融玻璃接触表面上的由镍铬-铝-钴-氧化钇合成物粉末组成的较薄的基层涂层；
一层涂覆在基层涂层外部的较厚的由预合金的二氧化铈-氧化钇稳定的氧化锆组成的涂层。
7.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷部件，其特征是，基层涂层的厚度为0.002英寸。
8.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷部件，其特征是，较厚的涂层的厚度为0.006英寸。
9.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷部件，其特征是，陶瓷部件是一个孔环，并且各基层涂层和各较厚的涂层都涂覆在孔环的每个外表面上。
10.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷部件，其特征是，陶瓷部件是一个环形的进料管，并且每个基层涂层和较厚的涂层既涂覆于进料管的内表面上，也涂覆于其外表面上，且被涂覆至适合于浸没在熔融玻璃中的进料管的深度。
11.如权利要求7所述的陶瓷部件，其特征是，陶瓷部件是一个在横截面方向上是实心的流动控制指针，其中每个基层涂层和较厚的涂层涂覆在适合于浸没在熔融玻璃中的流动控制指针的最低部分。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/741979 | 2000-12-20 | ||
| US09/741,979 US6656576B1 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2000-12-20 | Coated ceramic parts and method of fabricating same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1364734A CN1364734A (zh) | 2002-08-21 |
| CN1217869C true CN1217869C (zh) | 2005-09-07 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US6656576B1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1216975B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4098515B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1217869C (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR031818A1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE293092T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU782083B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0106230B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2365159C (zh) |
| CO (1) | CO5300461A1 (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20014608A3 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE60110025T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK1216975T3 (zh) |
| EE (1) | EE04428B1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2240320T3 (zh) |
| HU (1) | HU225446B1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01013255A (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY137549A (zh) |
| PE (1) | PE20020913A1 (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL195097B1 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT1216975E (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2270824C2 (zh) |
| SI (1) | SI1216975T1 (zh) |
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| ZA (1) | ZA200110356B (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011066679A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Cytec Surface Specialties, S.A. | Coatings for ceramic substrates |
| CN104775087B (zh) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-08-25 | 襄阳航泰动力机器厂 | 一种金属复合陶瓷热障涂层的制备方法 |
| US20160221855A1 (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-04 | Pyrotek, Inc. | Glass forming apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4299865A (en) | 1979-09-06 | 1981-11-10 | General Motors Corporation | Abradable ceramic seal and method of making same |
| CA1237580A (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1988-06-07 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Glass feeder orifice ring and holder |
| GB8524140D0 (en) | 1985-10-01 | 1985-11-06 | Tioxide Group Plc | Stabilised metallic oxides |
| GB8913819D0 (en) | 1989-06-15 | 1989-08-02 | Tioxide Group Plc | Shaped articles |
| US4950321A (en) | 1989-08-18 | 1990-08-21 | Owens-Illinois Glass Container Inc. | Ceramic orifice ring |
| DE4042330A1 (de) | 1990-02-23 | 1991-08-29 | Kernforschungsz Karlsruhe | Bodenelektrode eines glasschmelzofens |
| US5660610A (en) | 1994-10-24 | 1997-08-26 | Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. | Remotely adjustable glass feeder needle assembly |
| US6102656A (en) | 1995-09-26 | 2000-08-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Segmented abradable ceramic coating |
| US5780178A (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1998-07-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for ultra-high temperature thermal barrier coatings |
| US6146443A (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2000-11-14 | Eckert; C. Edward | Pre-treated carbon based composite material for molten metal |
| US6200631B1 (en) | 1997-10-27 | 2001-03-13 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method for producing corrosion resistant refractories |
| DE19948634B4 (de) | 1999-10-01 | 2005-02-03 | Reeßing, Friedrich, Dr.rer.nat. | Konditioniereinrichtung für geschmolzenes Glas mit optimierter elektrischer Beheizung und verbesserter thermischer Homogenität des Glases |
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