CN121419001A

CN121419001A - A data transmission method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN121419001A
Application number: CN202411023545.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 文山; 黄煌
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-07-27
Filing date: 2024-07-27
Publication date: 2026-01-27
Also published as: WO2026026513A1

Abstract

This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus, comprising: when a DMRS sequence in a DMRS symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with first data in a DMRS symbol, a first apparatus multiplies the first data by a coefficient β; wherein, the coefficient β The system outputs DMRS symbols and data symbols to the second device; the data symbols include second data; the DMRS symbols and data symbols reside in different time-domain resources; the system indicates a first EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio to the second device; wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to β, and the second EPRE ratio is also related to β; the first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. Through the above implementation, the data transmission efficiency of DMRS sequences and single-carrier sequences in frequency division multiplexing can be improved.

Description

Data transmission method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.

Background

In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) technologies, a physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink SHARED CHANNEL, PDSCH) is used to transmit downlink data, and a physical uplink shared channel (Physical UplinkShared Channel, PUSCH) is used to transmit uplink data. The Demodulation reference signal (Demodulation REFERENCE SIGNAL, DMRS) may be used for channel estimation during data symbol Demodulation in PDSCH/PUSCH. In addition, in NR, data symbols in PDSCH use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) waveforms, and data symbols in PUSCH use OFDM waveforms or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Discrete Fourier Transform spreading OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM) waveforms. When OFDM waveforms are employed, NR allows a trade-off between spectral efficiency and channel estimation. Specifically, the DMRS symbol may only bear the DMRS sequence, and work rate of the DMRS sequence is improved, so as to improve channel estimation performance. DMRS symbols may also carry data, for example, by way of DMRS sequences frequency division multiplexing (Frequency Division Multiplexing, CDM) with the data, to improve spectral efficiency, but at the cost of deteriorating channel estimation performance (because DMRS sequences cannot provide power improvement or less power improvement at this time). OFDM waveforms face the problem of higher peak-to-average ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR). For this reason, it is proposed that DMRS sequences are frequency division multiplexed with single carrier data (e.g., obtained by precoding data in one transform domain) to reduce PAPR. However, this may make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol higher than that of the data symbol. Therefore, how to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol while improving the data transmission efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data transmission method and a data transmission device, which aim to improve the data transmission efficiency when a DMRS sequence and single carrier data are subjected to frequency division multiplexing and improve the user experience.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, where the method is used in a first device, and the method includes:

When a DMRS sequence in a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol is frequency division multiplexed with first data in the DMRS symbol, multiplying the first data by a coefficient beta, the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

Outputting the DMRS symbol and a data symbol to a second device, wherein the data symbol comprises second data, and the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are positioned in different time domain resources;

indicating to a second device a first per resource unit energy EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio, the first EPRE ratio being related to the coefficient beta and the second EPRE ratio being related to the coefficient beta;

The first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the first data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the second data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

Through the implementation, the EPRE of the first data can be reduced when the DMRS sequence is frequency division multiplexed with the first data. Lowering the EPRE of the first data given the total energy of the DMRS symbols (equal to the sum of the energy of all REs), meaning that the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is increased simultaneously, is beneficial for improving the PAPR of the DMRS symbols, so that the PAPR of the DMRS symbols is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbols, and is beneficial for improving the channel estimation performance. In addition, by performing a corresponding instruction on the receiving end, it can be ensured that the receiving end can coherently demodulate the data (for example, the first data) in the DMRS symbol and the data (for example, the second data) in the data symbol.

In one possible implementation, the indicating the first per-resource-element energy EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second apparatus specifically includes indicating by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

In one possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, D, where G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing CDM groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

In one possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to a second device, a calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device.

By the implementation, compared with the mode of directly outputting the two EPRE ratios to the second device, the method can reduce EPRE signaling overhead by outputting only one EPRE ratio and enabling the second device to obtain the second EPRE ratio based on a preset or obtained formula.

In one possible implementation, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically includes:

The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio comprises:

the calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio comprises:

in one possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme MCS.

Through the implementation, the beta design can be adjusted according to the MCS. For example, in case that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, β affects the channel estimation performance and EPRE of the first data (or signal to noise ratio of the first data at the receiving end). The larger β is, the more favorable the channel estimation is, but the lower the EPRE of the first data (or the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data at the receiving end) is at this time. Therefore, adjusting/optimizing β can make a better compromise between the channel estimation performance and the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data, and improve the transmission efficiency of the first data.

In a possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient beta with a data coding modulation scheme MCS specifically comprises that the coefficient beta is correlated with a modulation order difference of the second data and the first data.

In one possible implementation, the correlation between the coefficient β and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically includes:

the first data is modulated by Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), the second data is modulated by Quadrature Phase shift keying (Quadrature PHASE SHIFT KEYING, QPSK), and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1, or.

The first data adopts pi/2-BPSK modulation, the second data adopts QPSK modulation, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1, or the second data is the first data.

The first data is QPSK modulated, the second data is 16-quadrature amplitude modulated (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM) with a modulation order difference of 2, or,

The first data adopts 16QAM, the second data adopts 64QAM, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 2.

In one possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient β with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data specifically includes that the coefficient β is correlated with a code difference of the second data and the first data or an MCS index difference of the second data and the first data in a case where the modulation order difference is fixed.

In one possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index when the DMRS sequence employs a Zadoff-Chu sequence.

Through the implementation, the beta design can be adjusted according to the root index. For example, it is ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

In one possible implementation, the indicating the first per-resource-unit energy EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second apparatus specifically includes indicating by any one or more of downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, medium access control-control element MAC CE.

The second aspect is a method corresponding to the first aspect, and the beneficial effects refer to the description of the first aspect, and the application provides a data transmission method, which is used for a second device and comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the steps of obtaining a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol from a first device, wherein the DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and first data in the DMRS symbol are subjected to frequency division multiplexing, the data symbol comprises second data, and the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are positioned in different time domain resources;

obtaining a first EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio from a first device, the first EPRE ratio being related to a coefficient beta and the second EPRE ratio being related to a coefficient beta, the coefficient The R represents a preset decibel value:

Demodulating the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio;

wherein the first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the first data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the second data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

In one possible implementation, the obtaining the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio from the first apparatus specifically includes obtaining through an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

In one possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is obtained from the first device, a calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is obtained.

The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio comprises:

the calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio comprises:

In one possible implementation, the acquiring the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio from the first apparatus specifically includes acquiring through any one or more of downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, medium access control-control element MAC CE.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a communications apparatus comprising a processor for executing a computer program or instructions stored in a memory, the memory for storing the computer program or instructions, which when executed by the processor cause the method of the first or second aspects to be carried out.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions such that a computer, when running the computer program or instructions, performs the method of the first or second aspect.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions for performing the method of the first or second aspects described above.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, the system comprising a first device for implementing the method in the first aspect and a second device for implementing the method in the second aspect.

Further combinations of the present application may be made to provide further implementations based on the implementations provided in the above aspects.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible communication system according to the present application;

FIGS. 2A-2C are schematic diagrams illustrating possible implementation scenarios provided by the present application;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary NROFDM/DFT-s-OFDM system implementation;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the input/output power curve of a typical solid state power amplifier;

Fig. 5A to 5D are schematic diagrams of possible PDSCHDMRS time-frequency resources provided in the present application;

Fig. 6A to 6B are schematic diagrams of another possible PDSCH DMRS time-frequency resource provided in the present application;

fig. 7 is a flow chart of DMRS and single carrier data frequency division multiplexing;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single symbol type1 DMRS time-frequency resource according to the present application;

Fig. 9 shows a possible DMRS pilot distribution diagram provided by the present application;

Fig. 10 is a graph showing a distribution diagram of a PAPR complementary cumulative distribution function of a possible DMRS signal and a single carrier signal according to the present application;

fig. 11 shows a possible DMRS pilot distribution diagram provided by the present application;

fig. 12 is a diagram showing a distribution diagram of a complementary cumulative distribution function of PAPR of DMRS symbol and PAPR of data symbol according to the present application;

fig. 13 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to the present application;

Fig. 14 is a graph showing a distribution diagram of a PAPR complementary cumulative distribution function of another possible DMRS signal and a single carrier signal according to the present application;

Fig. 15 is a graph showing a distribution diagram of a PAPR complementary cumulative distribution function of another possible DMRS signal and a single carrier signal according to the present application:

fig. 16 is a flowchart of another data transmission method according to the present application;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of another possible communication device according to the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific methods of operation, functional descriptions, etc. in the method embodiments may also be applied in the apparatus embodiments or the system embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application may be applied to various communication systems, such as a long term evolution (1ong term evo1ution,LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD), a universal mobile telecommunications system (universal mobile telecommunication system, UMTS), a 5G system, or a New Radio (NR), or to future communication systems or other similar communication systems (e.g., 6G, etc.), or an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) system, or a wireless fidelity (WIRELESS FTDELITY, wiFi) system.

Fig. 1 shows a possible, non-limiting system schematic. As shown in fig. 1, the communication system 1000 comprises a radio access network 100 and a core network 200, and optionally the communication system 1000 may further comprise the internet 300. The radio access network 100 may include at least one radio access network device (e.g., 110a and 110b in fig. 1) and may also include at least one terminal (e.g., 120a-120j in fig. 1). The terminal is connected with the wireless access network equipment in a wireless mode, and the wireless access network equipment is connected with the core network in a wireless or wired mode. The core network device and the radio access network device may be separate physical devices, or may integrate the functions of the core network device and the logic functions of the radio access network device on the same physical device, or may integrate the functions of part of the core network device and part of the radio access network device on one physical device. The terminals and the radio access network device may be connected to each other by wired or wireless means. Fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram, and other network devices, such as a wireless relay device and a wireless backhaul device, may also be included in the communication system, which are not shown in fig. 1.

The radio access network device (or called network device) may be a base station (base station), an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission and reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a sixth generation (6th generation,6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The radio access network device may also be an open RAN, O-RAN or ORAN, or a cloud radio access network (cloud radio accessnetwork, CRAN). The radio access network device may also be a communication system in which two or more systems are combined. The radio access network device may be a macro base station (e.g. 110a in fig. 1), a micro base station or an indoor station (e.g. 110b in fig. 1), a relay node or a donor node, etc.

In addition, the radio access network device may also be a module or unit that performs part of the function of the base station, for example, a Centralized Unit (CU), a Distributed Unit (DU), a CU-Control Plane (CP), a CU-User Plane (UP), or a Radio Unit (RU), etc. In different systems, CUs (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DUs or RUs may also have different names, but the meaning will be understood by those skilled in the art. For example, in ORAN systems, a CU may also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), a DU may also be referred to as an O-DU, a CU-CP may also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, a CU-UP may also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and a RU may also be referred to as an O-RU. For convenience of description, the present application is described by taking CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in the present application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

The embodiment of the application does not limit the specific technology and the specific equipment form adopted by the wireless access network equipment. For convenience of description, a base station will be described below as an example of a radio access network device. It will be appreciated that the base station may be referred to as a communication device. For example, a base station may be understood as a device having base station functionality. For example, the means for implementing the functions of the base station may be the base station, or some of the elements in the base station, e.g. CU, DU etc. Or may be a device capable of supporting the base station to perform the function, such as a system-on-a-chip, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module, which may be installed in the base station or may be used in cooperation with the base station. In the embodiment of the application, the chip system can be formed by a chip, and can also comprise the chip and other discrete devices.

A terminal may also be referred to as a terminal device, user Equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The terminal may be widely applied to various scenes, for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-device (vehicle to everything, V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (internet of things, IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autopilot, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, and the like. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a computer with a wireless receiving and transmitting function, a wearable device, a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, a robot, a mechanical arm, intelligent household equipment and the like.

The embodiment of the application does not limit the specific technology and the specific equipment form adopted by the terminal. It will be appreciated that the terminal may be referred to as a communication device. For example, a terminal may be understood as a device having a terminal function. For example, the means for implementing the functions of the terminal may be the terminal, or may be a means capable of supporting the terminal to implement the functions, such as a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module, which may be installed in the terminal or may be used in cooperation with the terminal.

The base station and the terminal may be fixed in position or movable. The base station and the terminal can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted, on water surface, on aircraft, balloon and satellite. The embodiment of the application does not limit the application scenes of the base station and the terminal.

The roles of base station and terminal may be relative, e.g., helicopter or drone 120i in fig. 1 may be configured as a mobile base station, with drone 120i being the base station for terminals 120j that access radio access network 100 through 120i, but 120i being the terminal for base station 110a, i.e., communication between 110a and 120i being via a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, communication between 110a and 120i may be performed via an interface protocol between base stations, and in this case, 120i is also a base station with respect to 110 a. Thus, both the base station and the terminal may be collectively referred to as a communication device, 110a and 110b in fig. 1 may be referred to as a communication device having base station functionality, and 120a-120j in fig. 1 may be referred to as a communication device having terminal functionality.

Communication between the base station and the terminal, between the base station and the base station, and between the terminal and the terminal can be performed through a licensed spectrum, communication can be performed through an unlicensed spectrum, communication can be performed through both the licensed spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum, communication can be performed through a spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), communication can be performed through a spectrum above 6GHz, and communication can be performed through a spectrum below 6GHz and a spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiment of the application does not limit the spectrum resources used by the wireless communication.

Unless specifically stated otherwise herein, the description is made with "first device" and "second device" as execution subjects.

In this case, the term "first device" is understood to mean a terminal, or a device having a terminal function, or a device implementing a terminal function. For example, the first device is a terminal, or the first device may be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit, etc.) in the terminal. Further alternatively, the "first device" may be understood as a base station, or a device having a base station function, or a device implementing a base station function. For example, the first apparatus is a base station, or the first apparatus may be a module (e.g., a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the base station, or may be a module or a unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU), a logic module, software, etc. that implements the functions of the base station in whole or in part. Still alternatively, a "first device" may be understood as a device or device having sensory capabilities, or a device or device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. The device with the perception capability can be called as a perception device, and the device capable of executing the artificial intelligence task can be called as an artificial intelligence task execution device.

The "second device" may be understood as a terminal, or a device having a terminal function, or a device implementing a terminal function. For example, the second device is a terminal, or the second device may be a module (e.g., a chip or circuit, etc.) in the terminal. Further alternatively "second means" may be understood as a base station, or a device with base station functionality, or a device implementing base station functionality. For example, the second apparatus is a base station, or the second apparatus may be a module (e.g., a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the base station, or may be a module or a unit (e.g., CU, DU, or RU), a logic module, software, etc. that implements the functions of the base station in whole or in part. Still alternatively, a "second device" may be understood as a device or apparatus having sensing capabilities or capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. The device with the perception capability can be called as a perception device, and the device capable of executing the artificial intelligence task can be called as an artificial intelligence task execution device.

Further, the "first device" may be a transmitting end or a receiving end, and the "second device" may be a receiving end or a transmitting end, respectively. For convenience of description, the following description will take "first device" as a transmitting end and "second device" as a receiving end as an example.

In addition, the "first apparatus" may be replaced with the "first device" or the "first communication apparatus", and the "second apparatus" may be replaced with the "second device" or the "second communication apparatus".

In some possible implementation scenarios, the first device may be a "terminal" and the second device may be a "base station". Still alternatively, the "first device" may be a "base station" and the "second device" may be a "terminal". For example, in fig. 2A, one or more terminals may each communicate with a base station. The interface between the terminal and the base station is Uu interface.

In some possible implementation scenarios, the "first device" may be a "first terminal" and the "second device" may be a "second terminal". For example, in fig. 2B, terminal 1 may communicate with terminal 3 and terminal 2 may communicate with terminal 3. In this case, the terminal 3 and the terminal 1 may communicate with each other via a sidelink (sidelink), and similarly, the terminal 3 and the terminal 2 may communicate with each other via a sidelink. If the terminal 3 transmits the received data of the terminal 1, the data of the terminal 2, and the own data (i.e., the data of the terminal 3) to the base station. At this time, the terminal 3 can also be understood as a relay terminal. The interface between the terminal 3 and the base station is the Uu interface.

In some possible implementation scenarios, the "first apparatus" may be a "first base station" and the "second apparatus" may be a "second base station". For example, in fig. 2C, base station 1 and base station 2 may communicate. The interface between base station 1 and base station 2 may be an X2 interface.

In the present application, "transmit" and "receive" refer to the trend of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" may be understood as the destination of the information being XX, and "sending information" may include sending directly as well as indirectly through other units or modules. "receiving information from YY" is understood to mean that the source of the information is YY, and "receiving information" may include receiving information directly from YY or indirectly from YY through other units or modules. In addition, "transmit" may be understood as "output" of the chip interface and "receive" may be understood as "input" of the chip interface. In other words, "transmitting" or "receiving" may be performed between devices, for example, between a base station and a terminal through an air interface, respectively, or may be performed within a device, for example, between components within a device, between modules, between chips, between software modules or between hardware modules through a bus, wiring or interface.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following terms used in connection with the present application will be briefly described. It is to be understood that the following description of the terms is merely provided to facilitate understanding of the present solution by those skilled in the art and is not to be construed as limiting the solution in the embodiments of the present application.

1. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM):

A typical block diagram of an NR OFDM system is shown in fig. 3. Where the signal { S (p) } is a frequency domain signal. As shown in fig. 3, a serial-to-parallel (S/P) module converts M consecutive data S (kM), S (km+1), S (km+m-1) into M-dimensional data blocks S _k = [ S (kM), S (km+1), S (km+m-1) ] T, subscript k is an OFDM symbol sequence number, and superscript T represents a transpose, M data carried by S _k modulates N _sc subcarriers of N subcarriers by subcarrier mapping, where N _sc =m, and the remaining (N-N _sc) subcarriers can be understood as modulated by data 0. The N-dimensional data vector X _k obtains a set of N complex time-domain sampling points X _k＝[x_k(0),x_k(1),...,x_k(N-1)]^T by N points IDFT.

Where x _k (N), n=0, 1..n-1 can be written as:

Where X _k (N '), N' =0, 1,..n-1 denotes the output of the subcarrier mapping module, e denotes the euler constant, j denotes the imaginary unit, j ² = -1. The subcarrier mapping rule is as follows:

Where N ₀ is an integer, S _k (l) is the first element of S _k, l=0, 1.

The next important operation in generating an OFDM signal is to insert a guard field at the beginning of each OFDM symbol to eliminate inter-symbol interference (inter-symbol interference, ISI) caused by multipath propagation (the propagation of a radio signal through two or more paths to a receiver). The protection field is obtained by adding a Cyclic Prefix (CP) to the beginning of the symbol. Is realized by copying the last G sample points of x _k and adding them at the beginning of x _k to obtain a time domain OFDM signalThus one OFDM symbol contains valid data x _k and cyclic prefix (redundant data).

At the receiving end, the OFDM signal is demodulated by inverse processing. Assuming time and frequency synchronization is available and the CP length is sufficient, the decp operation (i.e., removing the top G samples in the received signal) results in a block of N samples with no ISI at all, which is also equal to the cyclic convolution of OFDM symbol x _k with the channel impulse response. The time domain cyclic convolution can be converted into frequency domain point multiplication through DFT, and then the channel equalization can be completed with low complexity by utilizing frequency domain single tap equalization.

S _k may include modulation symbols and/or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbols may be modulation symbols obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation scheme may include pulse amplitude modulation (pulse amplitude modulation, PAM), phase shift keying (PHASE SHIFT KEYING, PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (quadrature amplitude modulation, QAM), amplitude phase shift keying (amplitude PHASE SHIFT KEYING, APSK), and the like.

The redundant signal sampling points may include phase tracking reference signal (PHASE TRACKING REFERENCE SIGNAL, PTRS) sampling points, demodulation reference signals, tone reservation signals, and the like.

It is understood that IDFT can also be implemented with efficient inverse fast fourier transforms (INVERSE FAST fourier transform, IFFT) when the number of transform points N satisfies certain constraints, such as N being a power of 2, 3, 5. Accordingly, the DFT may also be implemented with an efficient FFT. Hereinafter, IDFT and IFFT may be interchanged, while DFT and fast fourier transform (fast fourier transform, FFT) may be interchanged.

N _sc can be understood as the number of subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth. In the above, N _sc =m. It should be appreciated that N _sc may also be greater than M. For example, the remaining (N _sc -M) subcarriers carry redundant signals to achieve other purposes, such as reducing the PAPR of the signal.

2. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Discrete Fourier Transform spreading OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM) of discrete fourier transform spread:

As shown in fig. 3, DFT-S-OFDM defines a data block S _k transmitted in the time domain, and an additional DFT (discrete fourier transform) process is performed before the OFDM process, that is, an M-point DFT operation is performed on each data block S _k containing M data, resulting in S _k. By this operation, the DFT-s-OFDM signal has the characteristic of single carrier and has a peak-to-average ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR) far lower than that of multi-carrier signals such as OFDM. Therefore, under the same power setting, the DFT-s-OFDM can provide larger output power and higher power setting efficiency, thereby achieving the purposes of improving coverage and reducing energy consumption. The coverage and power consumption advantages of DFT-s-OFDM are particularly evident at the terminal device side, so in existing versions of LTE and NR, DFT-s-OFDM is applied to uplink transmission.

Where s _k may include modulation symbols and/or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbols may be modulation symbols obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. Modulation schemes may include PAM, PSK, QAM, offset quadrature amplitude modulation (offset quadrature amplitude modulation, OQAM), APSK, and the like. Redundant signal sampling points may include PTRS sampling points, unique words (unique words), zeros, etc.

3.-BPSK and QPSK and QAM:

Section 38.2115.1 of NR protocol definesBPSK, QSPK and QAM equal bit mapping schemes. QSPK may also be referred to as 4QAM. To be used forFor example, a BPSK modulation mapper maps the ith bit b (i) to the ith bit according to the following equation-BPSK symbols d (i).

Taking a QPSK modulation mapper as an example, it maps two consecutive bits into one QPSK symbol, which is specifically mapped as follows:

Where b (2 i) and b (2i+1) represent the 2i and 2i+1 bits, respectively, and d (i) represents the i-th QPSK symbol. Taking a 16QAM modulation mapper as an example, it maps four consecutive bits into one 16QAM symbol, and the specific mapping is as follows:

where b (4 i), b (4i+1), b (4i+2), and b (4i+3) represent the 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2, and 4i+3 bits, respectively, and d (i) represents the i 16QAM symbol.

As will be appreciated, in future communication systems,The bit mapping schemes BPSK, QSPK and QAM are possible in other implementations, the above examples being given by way of illustration only and not by way of exclusive limitation.

4. Power amplifier output power backoff:

The signal is boosted by a Power Amplifier (PA) before being transmitted through the antenna. One of the most basic methods of describing PA behavior is the AM-AM (amplitude modulation-amplitude modulation) and AM-PM (amplitude modulation-phase modulation) characteristics of the PA. An AM-AM curve of a typical solid state PA is given as shown in fig. 4, which depicts the output power as a function of the input power. It can be seen that the amplifier has a linear operating region. In which the output power of the amplifier increases linearly with the input power. It is also understood that the PA gain (i.e., the ratio of PA output power to input power) remains the same or the AM-AM curve slope remains the same. As the input power continues to increase, the amplifier enters a nonlinear region, the output power no longer increases linearly with the linear increase of the input power, the gain compresses, and the AM-AM curve slope decreases. When the saturated output power is reached, i.e. the output power no longer increases with increasing input power, the slope is 0.

The effect of this nonlinear characteristic of the PA on the transmitted signal is manifested as in-band distortion and out-of-band distortion. In-band distortion is mainly represented by distortion of signals in amplitude and phase, deteriorating signal demodulation/detection performance. Out-of-band distortion is mainly manifested as spread/regeneration of the signal spectrum, which increases interference to users of adjacent channels. To mitigate the nonlinear effects of the PA, the power of the input signal may be reduced appropriately, i.e., as Input Back Off (IBO) or Output Back Off (OBO), to make the PA operate as much as possible in the linear region, but this is a way to reduce the PA efficiency at the cost of reducing the PA efficiency.

5. Peak-to-average power ratio (Peak to Average Power Ratio, PAPR):

Peak-to-average power ratio, literally means the peak-to-average power ratio. For signal x (t), the peak power of the signal is at a certain time interval (e.g., t ₀ to t ₁) And the average power isThe PAPR can be expressed as:

Wherein, the communication signal (including OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM signals) is a random signal, the average power of which can be regarded as a fixed value, and the peak power of which is a random variable. Thus, PAPR is also a random variable. In statistics, the value of a random signal at a certain moment is often described by a probability density function. In the communications industry, engineers commonly use complementary cumulative distribution function (complementary cumulative distribution function, CCDF) curves to describe PAPR: the probability of instantaneous power exceeding average power xx dB is yy, or the ratio of the instant power exceeding average power xx dB to the total time is yy, where yy can be expressed as:

where P (-) represents the probability. In the following PAPR diagrams, the horizontal axis corresponds to xx and the vertical axis corresponds to yy.

The higher the PAPR of the PA input signal x (t), which means a larger floating range of input power, the more power value of the back-off is required to ensure that the signal is all within the linear amplification interval. Therefore, the signal with low PAPR is designed to reduce the PA OBO, improve the transmission power and improve the coverage.

6. Antenna Port (Port):

The antenna port is a logical concept, and one antenna port may correspond to one physical transmitting antenna or may correspond to a plurality of physical transmitting antennas. In both cases, the receiver of the terminal does not decompose the signal from the same antenna port. Since the reference signal (REFERENCE SIGNAL, RS) corresponding to this antenna port defines this antenna port from the point of view of the terminal, whether the channel is formed by a single physical transmit antenna or by a combination of multiple physical transmit antennas, the terminal can derive a channel estimate for the corresponding antenna port from the reference signal, for example, the antenna port corresponding to the DMRS, i.e., the DMRS port. Each antenna port corresponds to a time-frequency resource grid (time/frequency resource grid) with its own reference signal. One antenna port is a channel, and the terminal performs channel estimation and data demodulation according to the reference signal corresponding to the antenna port.

An antenna port is typically associated with a reference signal in the sense that it can be understood as a transceiving interface on the channel experienced by the reference signal. For low frequency systems, an antenna port may correspond to one or more antenna elements that jointly transmit reference signals, which may be considered as a whole by the receiving end without distinguishing between the elements. For high frequency systems, the antenna port may correspond to a beam, and similarly, the receiving end only needs to consider the beam as an interface, and does not need to distinguish each array element.

In the embodiment of the application, the antenna ports may also be referred to as ports, and the sets corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports may be referred to as port groups. For example, a plurality of digital ports of a base station are grouped to form a plurality of port groups. For another example, the port group may be a plurality of digital ports corresponding to the same analog beam, which is simply referred to as a port group or a digital-to-analog port group, or the port group may be a digital port set corresponding to a plurality of analog beams, which is simply referred to as a port group or a digital-to-analog port group. Or multiple digital ports of the same analog beam are divided into multiple subsets, each subset being referred to as a port group or digital-to-analog port group.

7. Modulation coding scheme (Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS):

MCS defines the number of information bits that a Resource Element (RE) can carry. There are a total of 0-31 MCS schemes in NR, wherein part of the numbers are reserved. The modulation scheme and the code rate in the MCS are defined as follows.

Modulation scheme 5G NR supports alternative modulation schemes including pi/2-BPSK, QPSK,16QAM,64QAM, etc. Each RE can transmit 1 bit with a corresponding Modulation Order (Modulation Order) of 1 using pi/2-BPSK, 2 bits with a corresponding Modulation Order (Modulation Order) of 2 using QPSK, 4 bits with a corresponding Modulation Order of 4 using 16QAM, and 6 bits with a corresponding Modulation Order of 6 using 64 QAM;

the code rate is the ratio between the number of information bits and the number of coded bits. Lower code rates represent more redundancy added by the encoding process.

The 3GPP Specification 38.214 provides two tables for the PUSCH employing the DFT-s-OFDM waveform for device selection, corresponding to tables 1-2, respectively.

As shown in tables 1 to 2, the correspondence between MCS Index (MCS Index), MCS modulation order (MCS Modulation Order), target code Rate (Target code Rate) and spectral efficiency (SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY) is specifically as follows (where, for table 1, if the higher layer parameter tp-pi2BPSK is configured, q=1, otherwise q=2; for table 2, if the higher layer parameter tp-pi2BPSK is configured, q=1, otherwise q=2):

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

Zc sequence (Zadoff-Chu sequence):

The ZC sequence X _q (m) can be expressed as:

Wherein M is the sequence number of ZC sequence element, M is an integer, M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to M _zc-1,M_zc, j is an imaginary unit, q is the root of the ZC sequence, q and N _zc are mutually prime. In 5G NR, N _zc is the largest prime number less than M _zc.

The ZC sequence determined by q may also be referred to as the q-th ZC root sequence of length M _zc (the q ^th root ZCsequence).

9. Demodulation reference signal (Demodulation REFERENCE SIGNAL, DMRS):

In a wireless communication system, a reference signal (REFERENCE SIGNAL, RS), also referred to as a pilot signal, is a predefined signal that is transmitted by a transmitting device to a receiving device on predefined resources. The receiving device can obtain the information related to the channel according to the received reference signal, and complete channel estimation or channel measurement. The channel measurement results may be used for resource scheduling and link adaptation, and the channel estimation results may be used for demodulation of data by the receiving device. In general, different reference signals need to be orthogonal in order to accurately obtain channel related information. Multiple reference signals that are orthogonal to each other may be provided, typically in a time division, frequency division, or code division manner. In current communication systems (e.g., LTE, NR), uplink reference signals include uplink demodulation reference signals (demodulation REFERENCE SIGNAL, DMRS) and uplink sounding reference signals (sounding REFERENCE SIGNAL, SRS), downlink reference signals include cell specific reference signals (CELLSPECIFIC REFERENCE SIGNAL, CRS), downlink DMRS, channel state information reference signals (channel stateinformation REFERENCE SIGNAL, CSI-RS), multimedia broadcast multicast single frequency network reference signals (multimediabroadcast multicast service singlefrequency network REFERENCE SIGNAL, MBSFNRS), and positioning reference signals (positioning REFERENCE SIGNAL, PRS).

The information is sent from the sending end, and is received at the receiving end after passing through the transmission channel. Since information may vary (noise, fading, etc.) in the transmission channel, the received information may be different from the transmitted information. In order to accurately restore the correct information, it is necessary to know which changes the information undergoes during transmission, and thus reference signals (REFERENCE SIGNAL, RS) are introduced. The transmitting end and the receiving end agree with a known signal (RS) in advance, the RS and the information to be transmitted are transmitted together in a transmission channel, and after the receiving end receives the signal (RS '), the receiving end can know the change of the information in the transmission channel by comparing the difference of the RS and the RS', and channel characteristic estimation is carried out to obtain the channel characteristic H. The received information can be restored to correct transmission information according to the channel characteristics H.

Among them, demodulation reference signal (Demodulation REFERENCE SIGNAL, DMRS) is used for channel estimation at Demodulation.

In LTE, NR, or even future wireless communications, DMRS may be used for channel estimation during data demodulation in a Physical downlink shared channel (Physical Uplink SHARED CHANNEL, PUSCH)/Physical Uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Physical Downlink SHARED CHANNEL, PDSCH). Wherein, PDSCH is used for transmitting downlink data, PUSCH is used for transmitting uplink data.

For convenience of description, DMRS symbols in PDSCH are described below as an example. Wherein the DMRS symbol carries a DMRS sequence.

The time-frequency resources of DMRS symbols are as follows:

Time domain resources are divided into single symbol DMRS and double symbol DMRS according to the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS.

The frequency domain resource is that according to the difference of the supported maximum antenna port (port), the DMRS configuration mode can be divided into the following 2 types:

DMRS configuration type 1 (or referred to as type 1, dmrs configuration type 1) are distributed in a comb shape on the frequency domain, and are divided into two code division multiplexing (code division multiplexing, CDM) groups (CDM groups), wherein the intra-group ports adopt code division multiplexing.

Type1 single symbol DMRS, maximally supporting 4 antenna ports, is divided into two CDM groups {1000,1001} and {1002,1003} as shown in fig. 5A.

Tpye1 double symbol DMRS, maximally supporting 8 antenna ports, is divided into two CDM groups {1000,1001,1004,1005} and {1002,1003,1006,1007}, as shown in fig. 5B.

As can be seen from fig. 5A to fig. 5B, in Type1, in the time direction, under the normal CP, one slot (slot) contains 14 symbols, corresponding to indexes 0 to 13. In the frequency domain direction, one Resource Block (RB) includes 12 subcarriers, corresponding to indexes 0 to 11. One Resource Element (RE) corresponds to one symbol in the time direction and one subcarrier in the frequency domain direction. One antenna port has 6 REs within one RB for transmitting pilot (pilot). It is to be appreciated that the "pilot" herein may be a "DMRS". Within a time-frequency resource grid corresponding to one symbol and one RB, the first CDM group occupies even-indexed subcarriers, that is, subcarrier index 0,2,4,6,8,10. The second CDM group occupies odd-indexed subcarriers, namely subcarrier indexes 1,3,5,7,9,11.

DMRS configuration type2 (or referred to as type2, dmrs configuration type 2) is divided into three CDM groups, and code division multiplexing is adopted among ports in the groups. Type2 reduces the frequency domain density of the DMRS compared to Type 1. At this time, one antenna port has 4 REs within one RB for transmitting pilots.

Similarly, type2 is also classified into single-symbol and double-symbol DMRSs.

Type2 single symbol DMRS, maximally supporting 6 antenna ports, is divided into three CDM groups {1000,1001}, {1002,1003} and {1004,1005}, as shown in fig. 5C.

Type2 dual symbol DMRS, maximally supporting 12 antenna ports, is divided into three CDM groups {1000,1001,1006,1007}, {1002,1003,1008,1009} and {1004,1005,1010,1011}, as shown in fig. 5D.

As can be seen from fig. 5C to fig. 5D, in Type2, in the time direction, under the normal CP, one slot (slot) contains 14 symbols, corresponding to indexes 0 to 13. In the frequency domain direction, one Resource Block (RB) includes 12 subcarriers, corresponding to indexes 0 to 11. One Resource Element (RE) corresponds to one symbol in the time direction and one subcarrier in the frequency domain direction. One antenna port has 4 REs within one RB for transmitting pilot (pilot). It should be understood that the term "pilot" may be replaced by "DMRS", where the first CDM group occupies the subcarriers with index 0,1,6,7, the second CDM group occupies the subcarriers with indexes 2,3,8, and 9, and the third CDM group occupies the subcarriers with indexes 4,5,10, and 11 in the time-frequency resource grid corresponding to one symbol and one RB.

It is understood that in an NR system, DMRS signals may be divided into pre-DMRS DMRS (Front loaded DMRS) and post-DMRS, which are alternatively referred to as extra DMRS (additional DMRS), by location. Wherein, the pre-DMRS is necessary to exist, and the post-DMRS may not be configured. The post-DMRS is generally used for a medium-high speed moving scene, and the estimation accuracy of a time-varying channel is improved by inserting more DMRS symbols in the PDSCH. A maximum of 3 additionalDMRS PDSCH's can be allocated.

DMRS time domain structure of mapping type a (MAPPING TYPE A, or type a) the first DMRS symbol is located in symbol #2 or symbol #3 within the slot. The mapping type A is mainly used for the scene that the data transmission occupies most symbols of the time slot.

DMRS time domain structure of mapping type B (MAPPING TYPE B, or type B) the first DMRS symbol is fixedly mapped in the first OFDM symbol of PDSCH. The mapping type B is mainly used for a scenario where the PDSCH occupies only a small part of symbols of one slot, so as to reduce transmission delay.

As can be seen from the above description of DMRS, for a single CDM group or a single port carrying DMRS symbols, whether Type 1 or Type 2, the DMRS symbols occupy only part of the subcarriers in one RB, for example, for Type 1, port1000 occupies only subcarrier 0,2,4,6,8,10. It is apparent that for those subcarriers within an RB that are not mapped to DMRS, whether or not they are available for other uses is the focus of the discussion.

Thus, for the above scenario, the number of DMRS CDM groups without data (number of DMRS groups without data) is defined in NR to describe whether the remaining subcarriers of one RB (which do not carry DMRS sequences) carry data or are null, i.e., such that the DMRS symbols may include DMRS sequences (or referred to as pilots) and data portions, as specifically shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 Table 3

As shown in table 3, when the "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" is 1, if DMRS adopts Type1, one port occupies 6 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 6 subcarriers carry data, as shown in fig. 6A, and if Type2 is adopted, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 8 subcarriers carry data.

When the "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" is 2, if DMRS adopts Typel, one port occupies 6 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 6 subcarriers are empty, as shown in fig. 6B, and if DMRS adopts Type2, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, the 4 subcarriers carry data, and the 4 subcarriers are empty.

When the "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" is 3, if Type1 is adopted, the scheme is not feasible, and if Type2 is adopted for DMRS, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 8 subcarriers are empty.

From the above, it is known that if a subcarrier is null, the power allocated to the null subcarrier can be superimposed on the DMRS sequence. For example, for type 1, port 1000 occupies subcarriers 0,2,4,6,8,10, i.e., the subcarriers carry DMRS sequences, and the "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" =2, the power superposition manner is that the DMRS sequences are power-improved by 1 time (or 3 dB), which is beneficial to improving the channel estimation performance and the demodulation performance of the data symbols.

In NR, DMRS Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE) and PDSCH/PUSCHEPRE concepts are also defined, and the ratio of PDSCH/PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE (the ratio of PDSCH/PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE) is given, which is related to "number of DMRS CDM groups without data", as specifically shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 Table 4

Considering the case shown in fig. 6A, the DMRS EPRE is the same as PDSCH EPRE, and thus the EPRE ratio is 1, i.e., 0dB. As another example, consider the case shown in fig. 6B where DMRS EPRE is twice PDSCH EPRE, and thus the EPRE ratio is 0.5, i.e. -3dB.

Further, in NR, the PUSCH supports two waveforms, an OFDM waveform and a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. PDSCH only supports OFDM waveforms.

Meanwhile, in NR, the number of DMRS CDM groups without data for type 1 "= 1, or the number of DMRS CDM groups without data for type 2" +.:

For DMRS in PUSCH, the number of symbols which can be occupied is less than or equal to 2 and the waveform adopts OFDM, and for DMRS in PDSCH, the number of symbols which can be occupied is equal to 2 and the Type B mapping mode is adopted.

However, OFDM waveforms face the problem of higher PAPR. For this reason, the prior art proposes a manner of frequency division multiplexing (Frequency Division Multiplexing, FDM) the DMRS sequence with single carrier data (i.e. the subcarrier carries DFT result such as QPSK/QAM symbol sequence), as shown in fig. 7, the data is subjected to DFT spreading to obtain DFT-s-OFDM signal, then Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) is performed with the DMRS, and finally, after fast fourier transform (IFFT), the data is transmitted. And/or, the DMRS sequence is changed to other low PAPR sequences, such as Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences. The scheme has a lower PAPR than the NR scheme (i.e., DMRS sequences are directly frequency division multiplexed with QPSK/QAM data, the data is not DFT-processed). For PDSCH, it may also support DFT-s-OFDM waveforms with low PAPR and DMRS sequences with single carrier data FDM in future communication systems.

For further understanding, the description is made with reference to fig. 8. Fig. 8 shows a single symbol TYPEL DMRS design in which Pilot (Pilot) (i.e., DMRS sequence portion) within a DMRS symbol is frequency division multiplexed with Data (Data), pilot spacing 2. As shown in fig. 8, the subcarriers corresponding to even indexes in one RB are used to carry pilots, and the remaining subcarriers are used to carry data symbols. I.e. pilots are inserted in the frequency domain resource uniformly with a density of 1/2, i.e. every 1 sub-carrier, there is one pilot and data is placed in the middle of the pilots. It will be appreciated that uniformly placing the pilots is beneficial for better channel estimation performance. It will be appreciated that a more general implementation is that pilots are uniformly inserted in the frequency domain resource at a density of 1/delta, i.e. every (delta-1) subcarrier, there is one pilot.

Fig. 9 shows FDM with delta=3 and delta=4, where pilot subcarriers are uniformly distributed over frequency domain subcarriers, including pilot subcarriers as well as data subcarriers, as shown in fig. 9. It will be appreciated that the pilots may also be placed in the form of pilot blocks in case a density of 1/delta is met. Each pilot block containsAnd pilot frequency. The spacing between two adjacent pilot blocks isFor example, type 2DMRS, with a DMRS density of 1/3 as seen in fig. 5D, contains 2 pilot blocks within one RB for a single port. Each pilot block contains 2 pilots. The two pilot blocks are spaced apart by 6. Such as DMRS port 1000, which occupies subcarriers 0,1,6,7 of one RB. Subcarriers 0 and l constitute pilot block 1, while subcarriers 6 and 7 constitute pilot block 2.

Assuming that the subcarrier index in the transmission bandwidth starts from 0, the subcarrier index corresponding to the 0 th pilot subcarrier is denoted as delta, where delta is the setIs an integer of (a). It will be appreciated that in the schemes illustrated in fig. 8-9, δ=0.

However, when DMRS sequences and single carrier data FDM, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is deteriorated, i.e., the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is worse at this time than the DMRS symbol that does not carry data. Consider delta=2, a transmission bandwidth of 270RB, and an IDFT (N) size of 4096. The DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence, and the specific generation mode refers to section 5.2.2.1 in the protocol TS 38.211. Fig. 10 shows the PAPR of DMRS symbols (DFT result frequency division multiplexing of ZC sequences and QPSK symbol sequences) and the PAPR of QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbols with ZC root indexes of 1 and 2. It can be seen that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is related to the ZC root index, and when the root index is 2, the PAPR performance of the DMRS symbol is worse than the PAPR performance of the data symbol (i.e., the PAPR value is higher), which violates the design requirement that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

It is understood that the data carried by DMRS symbols in the present application may be referred to as "frequency-divided data" and the data carried by data symbols may be referred to as "non-frequency-divided data". Wherein, the DMRS symbol includes a DMRS sequence portion for channel estimation and a data portion.

It can be seen that inserting data in a DMRS symbol (e.g., subcarrier bearing data in which a DMRS sequence is not mapped in a DMRS symbol) has the advantage that spectral efficiency can be improved, however, has the disadvantage that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol can be increased, so that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not greater than the requirements related to the PAPR of the data symbol are violated. On the other hand, channel estimation performance may be degraded because the DMRS sequence may no longer be able to perform power boosting or the power boosting value is small.

For this purpose, the following solutions are proposed in the prior art:

Scheme 1. Restrict the Modulation Order of data in DMRS symbols (i.e., frequency-divided data) to be equal to or less than the Modulation Order (Modulation Order) of data in data symbols (non-frequency-divided data).

For example, as shown in fig. 11, data (Datal) in the DMRS symbol is QPSK modulated, and Data (Data 2) in the Data symbol is 16QAM modulated, wherein the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence.

Scheme 2-energy offset is applied on the basis of scheme 1. The reason for this is because the demodulation signal-to-noise ratio (signal to noise ratio, SNR) required for the data (or frequency-divided data) in the DMRS symbol is lower. For example, QPSK data requires a demodulation SNR of 3dB, while 16QAM requires a demodulation SNR of 6dB. In the case where the noise power level is assumed to be 1, to make the SNR 3dB, the QPSK data EPRE is 2. And to make the SNR 6dB, the 16QAM data EPRE is 4. From a system perspective, the required operating SNR is determined by the highest SNR, i.e., the 16QAM data demodulation SNR. Thus, if the data in the DMRS symbol (or the data of the frequency division) and the data in the data symbol have the same EPRE, the demodulation SNR is excessive for the data in the DMRS symbol (or the data of the frequency division). Thus, where the total energy (i.e., the sum of the energy of all REs in the DMRS) is ensured to be certain, this can be achieved by dropping the EPREs of the data (or frequency-divided data) in the DMRS symbol while increasing the EPREs of the DMRS sequence, which would have the benefit of both reducing the PAPR of the DMRS symbol and improving the performance of the channel estimation.

Fig. 12 shows an effect diagram of DMRS PAPR reduction using modulation order and/or EPRE of reduced frequency division data. Delta=2, transmission bandwidth is 270RB, and IDFT size is 4096, zc root index is 2. Wherein:

The legend "QpSK DFT-s-OFDM" represents the PAPR of QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

The legend "FDM, QPSK" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data is QPSK modulated;

the legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the data of the frequency division adopts pi/2-BPSK modulation;

The legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, 3dB reduction" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when pi/2-BPSK modulation is used for the frequency-division data and the frequency-division data EPRE is reduced by 3 dB;

the legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, 6dB reduction" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data adopts pi/2-BPSK modulation and the frequency-divided data EPRE drops by 6 dB.

From the CCDF perspective of 0.01, PAPR reduction can be achieved by reducing the modulation order of the data (or frequency-divided data) in the DMRS symbol and/or EPRE. But only "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, 6dB reduction" may make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

It can be seen that, in the case of DMRS sequence and data FDM, adjusting and/or reducing the modulation order of EPRE of frequency-divided data can reduce the PAPR of DMRS symbol.

However, a scheme of how to adjust the frequency-divided data EPRE is not currently given. Meanwhile, because the DMRS sequence EPRE also changes, how to enable the receiving end device to coherently demodulate the received frequency-division data and non-frequency-division data is also a problem to be solved in the current urgent need.

Therefore, the application provides a data transmission method and device, which aim to improve the data transmission efficiency when the DMRS sequence and single carrier data are subjected to frequency division multiplexing, realize that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol and improve the user experience.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, which is used for a first device, as shown in fig. 13, and includes:

S1301, when the DMRS sequence in the demodulation reference signal DMRS symbol is frequency division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, multiplying the first data by a coefficient beta, wherein the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

S1302, outputting a DMRS symbol and a data symbol to a second device, wherein the data symbol comprises second data, and the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are positioned in different time domain resources;

It is understood that the first data and the second data may be data on PDSCH or data on PUSCH, for example, when the first device performs downlink communication to the second device, the first data and the second data may be data on PDSCH, for example, the first device is a base station, the second device is a terminal, the first device transmits information to the second device through PDSCH, and when the first device performs uplink communication to the second device, the first data and the second data may be data on PUSCH, for example, the first device is a terminal, the second device is a base station, and the first device transmits information to the second device through PUSCH.

Wherein the first data represents frequency-divided data and the second data represents non-frequency-divided data. The frequency-divided data refers to data in DMRS symbols, which is FDM (frequency division multiplexed) with DMRS sequences. And the data other than the frequency division is data in the data symbol.

For example, as shown in fig. 6A, the DMRS symbol includes a symbol with index 2 and 12 REs on subcarriers with indexes 0-11, wherein the DMRS sequence is mapped to the symbol with index 2 and REs on subcarriers with indexes 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and the data in the DMRS symbol is mapped to the symbol with index 2 and REs on subcarriers with indexes 1,3,5, 7, 9, 11. Obviously, the data in the DMRS symbol is FDM with the DMRS sequence. And the data in the data symbol is mapped on REs with symbol indexes of 0-1, 3-13 and subcarrier indexes of 0-11.

Illustratively, the DMRS sequence may employ a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and/or the first data may be obtained by DFT the data.

It will be appreciated that other low PAPR sequences may be used for the DMRS sequence, and that the first data may be obtained in other ways, and the above examples are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation.

It can be understood that the preset decibel value represented by R can be any value, and the application can realize EPRE control on the first data by adjusting the R value. For example, assuming that the preset dB value is r=2, that is, the EPRE of the frequency-divided data is reduced by 2dB, the EPRE of the frequency-divided data may be reduced to the original valueOr assuming that the preset decibel value r=3, that is, the EPRE of the frequency-divided data is reduced by 3dB, the EPRE of the frequency-divided data can be reduced by half. Therefore, under the condition that the total energy of the DMRS symbols is certain, EPRE of the data of the down frequency division is reduced, and EPRE of the DMRS sequence is increased at the same time, so that PAPR of the DMRS symbols is reduced, and the performance of channel estimation is improved.

Meanwhile, since the frequency-division data EPRE is lowered while the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is increased, the contents in table 4 described above are not applicable any more. The EPRE ratio case (expressed in dB) for the scenario where DMRS sequences are frequency division multiplexed with single carrier data is shown in table 5.

TABLE 5

In table 5, NA indicates that no available, i.e., no, exists.

The ellipses in table 5 indicate that there may be more CMD sets and lower DMRS frequency domain density designs.

In table 5, column "FDMed" represents the ratio of EPRE of frequency-divided data (or data in DMRS symbol) to EPRE of DMRS sequence, and "Non-FDMed" represents the ratio of EPRE of Non-frequency-divided data (or data in data symbol) to EPRE of DMRS sequence.

It can be understood that DMRS configuration type 1 (CDM group number of 2) in the NR protocol corresponds to the case where the DMRS frequency domain density is 1/2, and DMRS configuration type 2 (CDM group number of 3) in the NR protocol corresponds to the case where the DMRS frequency domain density is 1/3. Thus, "DMRS frequency domain density 1/2" may be replaced with "DMRS configuration type 1" and "DMRS frequency domain density 1/3" may be replaced with "DMRS configuration type 2", as described in table 4. Obviously, according to the above description, "DMRS frequency domain density 1/4" may be replaced by "DMRS configuration type 3".

For example, when the DMRS frequency domain density is l/4 or the DMRS configuration type (configuration type) is type 3, the method specifically includes:

CDM group 1 occupies subcarriers 0,1,2,12,13,14 within two RBs, and these 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each occupying 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 0,1,2, while pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 12,13,14;

CDM group 2 occupies subcarriers 3,4,5,15,16,17 within two RBs, and these 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each occupying 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 3,4,5, while pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 15,16,17;

CDM group 3 occupies subcarriers 6,7,8,18,19,20 within two RBs, and these 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each occupying 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 6,7,8, while pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 18,19,20;

CDM group 4 occupies subcarriers 9,10,11,21,22,23 within two RBs, and these 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each occupying 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 9,10,11, while pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 21,22,23.

It should be understood that the foregoing implementation is only an exemplary description, and does not limit the technical solution in the present application only, and other implementation forms of the actual DMRS frequency domain density representation may also be provided, which is not described herein.

Further, the correlation of the coefficient beta with the data coding modulation scheme MCS specifically includes that the coefficient beta is correlated with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data.

In one possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient β with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data specifically includes:

the first data is modulated by Binary Phase-shift keying (BPSK), the second data is modulated by Quadrature Phase-shift keying (Quadrature PHASE SHIFT KEYING, QPSK), and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1, or,

The first data is modulated by pi/2-BPSK, the second data is modulated by QPSK, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1, or the second data is modulated by QPSK.

The first data is QPSK modulated, the second data is 16-quadrature amplitude modulated (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM), the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 2, or,

Further, the correlation of the coefficient beta with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data specifically includes that the coefficient beta is correlated with the code difference of the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference of the second data and the first data in the case where the modulation order difference is fixed.

For example, R does not monotonically increase with increasing difference in modulation order of frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data, wherein the coefficientFor example, scheme 1 intermediate frequency fraction employs pi/2-BPSK modulation (modulation order 1), non-frequency fraction employs QPSK modulation (modulation order 2), scheme 2 intermediate frequency fraction employs QPSK modulation (modulation order 2). The non-frequency division data adopts 16QAM (modulation order 4). Thus, the modulation order difference of scheme 1 is 1, and the modulation order difference of scheme 2 is 2. The R value in scheme 1 may be greater than the R value in scheme 2. This is because the value of the PAPR of the 16QAM DFT-s-OFDM symbol in scheme 2 (whose PAPR corresponds to the legend "16QAM, DFT-s-OFDM" in FIG. 14) is higher than the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol in scheme 1 (whose PAPR corresponds to the legend "QPSK, DFT-s-OFDM" in FIG. 14). The DMRS symbol PAPR in scheme 2 may be higher than the PAPR of the DMRS symbol in scheme 1 under the constraint that the DMRS symbol PAPR is not higher than the data symbol PAPR. For this reason, R of scheme 2 may be made smaller than R in scheme 1.

Referring to fig. 14, when taking 0.01 from CCDF, scheme 1 can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when r=6, and scheme 2 can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when r=3. Wherein:

The legend "QPSK DFT-s-OFDM" represents the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

The legend 16QAM, DFT-s-OFDM, indicates that the data in the data symbol adopts the PAPR of the 16QAM DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

the legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, r=3" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data is modulated with pi/2-BPSK and r=3;

the legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, r=6" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data is modulated with pi/2-BPSK and r=6;

the legend "FDM, QPSK, r=3" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the data of the frequency division is QPSK modulated and r=3;

The relationship of the order difference to R is explained above. The following describes the correlation between R and the code rate difference between frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data or the MCS index difference between frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data in the case of a fixed order difference (i.e., the modulation scheme of both frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data is fixed). Assuming that the frequency-divided data corresponds to the MCS index I _MCS,O and the non-frequency-divided data corresponds to the MCS index I _MCS,1, the code rate c ₀ and the modulation order m ₀ used by the frequency-divided data and the code rate c ₁ and the modulation order m ₁ used by the non-frequency-divided data can be known respectively by looking up the MCS table (table 1-table 2) based on I _MCS,0 and I _MCs1. Since m ₁＞m₀,I_MCS,1 is greater than I _MCS,0. Wherein, the MCS index difference is defined as I _MCS,1-I_MCS,0, which is a positive integer.

When the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data belong to the same code word, the code rates of the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data are the same, wherein R is related to the MCS index difference of the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data, and when the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data do not belong to the same code word, the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data can be obtained by different coding modes, so that the code rates can be different.

Furthermore, R does not monotonically decrease with increasing MCS index difference of frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data, wherein the coefficientFor example, the larger the index difference, the more the EPRE of the frequency-divided data can be degraded, i.e., the larger R, while guaranteeing the demodulation SNR or demodulation performance of the frequency-divided data. Wherein:

If c ₀ is larger than c ₁, R does not monotonically increase with an increase in (c ₀-c₁), and the MCS index difference equivalent to the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data decreases;

If c ₀ is smaller than c ₁, R does not monotonically decrease with an increase in (c ₁-c₀), and the MCS index difference equivalent to the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data increases.

In one possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence employs a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to the Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

Illustratively, in NR, for example, the DMRS sequence may be determined by comparing the base sequenceAnd performing cyclic shift generation. When M _zc is not less than 36, the base sequence may be a ZC sequence, as follows:

Where q is the ZC sequence root index and N _zc is the period of the ZC sequence and is the maximum prime number less than M _zc.

The value of q affects the DMRS sequence and further affects the PAPR of the DMRS symbol. If the value of q deteriorates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol, a larger R is required to be used if the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol. Wherein the coefficient is

For example, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is lower when q=1 than when q=2. As shown in fig. 15, when q=1, r=3 may be set such that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, and when q=2, r=6 may be set such that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol. Therefore, if the q value deteriorates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol, R needs to be increased. Wherein:

The legend "QpSK DFT-s-OFDM" represents the PAPR of QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

the legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, r=3, q=1" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the data of the frequency division is modulated with pi/2-BPSK and r=3, q=1:

The legend "FDM, pi/2-BPSK, r=6, q=2" indicates the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the data of the frequency division is modulated with pi/2-BPSK and r=6, q=2;

it can be seen that R is related to the ZC sequence root index (root index).

S1303, indicating a first energy per resource unit EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio to a second device, wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient beta, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient beta;

It is understood that the indication of the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second apparatus specifically comprises an indication by any one or more of uplink control signaling UCI, downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, medium access control-control element MAC CE.

In one possible implementation, indicating the first per-resource-element energy EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second apparatus specifically includes indicating by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

Illustratively, the first apparatus (or the second apparatus) may determine an intermediate table a _m (where m, n are positive integers greater than 0) among a plurality of intermediate tables (e.g., table a ₁,A₂...A_n) according to parameters such as DMRS configuration type (e.g., type 2), DMRS symbol length (e.g., single symbol DMRS or double symbol DMRS, i.e., DMRS symbol length of 1 or 2), and rank (rank), and obtain a value of "number of CDM groups without data" in the intermediate table a _m according to the index value, and then obtain a first EPRE ratio and a second EPRE ratio in the lookup table B (e.g., table 5) according to the obtained value of "number of CDM groups without data" and the DMRS configuration type. It is understood that the intermediate table a ₁,A₂...A_n and the lookup table B may be preset in the first device and/or the second device, or may be obtained through other ways.

For example, the first device (or the second device) knows that the DMRS configuration type is type2, the DMRS symbol length is 2, rank=1, and index value=4;

First, the first device (or the second device) determines table a _m (e.g., table 6) among a plurality of intermediate tables (e.g., table a ₁,A₂...A_n) according to DMRS configuration type=type 2, DMRS symbol length=2, rank=1.

TABLE 6

Then determining a "number of CDM groups without data" value=2 in table 6 according to index value=4;

Thereafter, according to the value of "number of CDM groups without data" =2 and DMR configuration type=type2 (i.e., DMRs frequency domain density 1/3 in table 5), a first EPRE ratio is determined as a2 ₀ and a second EPRE ratio is determined as a2 ₁ in a lookup table B (e.g., table 5).

It will be appreciated that the above manner of determining the intermediate table a _m according to the three parameters of the DMRS configuration type, the DMRS symbol length, and the rank is merely illustrative, and not intended to limit the present application uniquely, and the intermediate table a _m may be actually determined by any number of parameters, for example, determining the intermediate table a _m only by the DMRS configuration type, or only by the DMRS symbol length, or any combination thereof. It is understood that the parameters are not limited to the above parameters, but may be, for example, DMRS configuration type, DMRS symbol length, whether pi/2-BPSK is configured, etc.

It is to be understood that table 6 is only an exemplary illustration and not a unique limitation of the present application, wherein the contents of the intermediate table a _m are not limited to table 6, and the index value corresponding to the "number of CDM groups without data" may be arbitrarily defined, for example, as shown in table 7.

TABLE 7

In one possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, GD, where G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing CDM groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

In one possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, the first EPRE ratio and the calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio are indicated to the second device.

Further, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio includes:

Or alternatively.

The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio includes:

Or alternatively.

It is understood that equation (2) is the dB form of equation (1) and equation (4) is the dB form of equation (3).

For example. When the DMRS frequency domain density 1/2 or DMRS configuration type is type1, g=2 and D e {1}, when the DMRS frequency domain density 1/3 or DMRS configuration type is type2, g=3 and D e {1,2}, and when the DMRS frequency domain density 1/4 or DMRS configuration type is type3, g=4 and D e {1,2,3}.

Based on the above formulas (1) - (4), the parameters in table 5 were designed as follows:

for example, let r=3 at this time, it is possible to obtain:

a1_o=-4.77;

a1₁=-1.76;

a1₂=-6;

a1₃=-3;

a1₄=-7;

a1_s=-4;

a2₀=-7;

a2₁=-4;

a2₂=-7.78;

a2₃=-4.77;

a3₀=-8.45:

a3₁=-5.44;

It will be appreciated that the ratios in Table 5 are given in dB, or directly, without limitation.

It will be appreciated that for the scenario of DMRS sequences and single carrier data frequency division multiplexing, the first apparatus may indicate the EPRE ratio (e.g., a first EPRE ratio, or a second EPRE ratio) to the second device by signaling. When only one EPRE ratio (e.g., the first EPRE ratio, or the second EPRE ratio) is indicated, it is also necessary to indicate the respective calculation formulas of the two EPRE ratios, such as the foregoing formulas (1) or (2) and formulas (3) or (4). At this time, based on the obtained one EPRE ratio and the corresponding EPRE calculation formula, the second device may calculate R reversely, and further calculate another EPRE ratio in combination with the parameters G and D, so that when the two EPRE ratios are both known, the second device may coherently solve the frequency division data and the frequency division data.

Obviously, compared with the mode of directly outputting two EPRE ratios to the second device, the method can reduce EPRE signaling overhead by outputting only one EPRE ratio and enabling the second device to obtain the second EPRE ratio based on a preset or acquired formula.

It can be understood that the sequence of S1302 and S1303 is not limited in the present application, that is, S1302 may be executed first and S1303 may be executed second, S1303 may be executed first and S1302 may be executed second, or S1302 and S1303 may be executed simultaneously.

The first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

The data transmission method in the present application is described above from the first device side (i.e., the transmitting end), and the corresponding method of the second device side (i.e., the receiving end) is described below. It can be understood that the corresponding method applied to the transmitting end in the present application is also applied to the receiving end, or it is only necessary for a person skilled in the art to simply adjust the corresponding method of the transmitting end to implement the method at the receiving end, so that the same parts will not be repeated. Meanwhile, it can be understood that the first device in the present application may be a transmitting end or a receiving end, and correspondingly, the second device may be a transmitting end, and may be a receiving end, the present application is described by taking the first device as a transmitting end and the second device as a receiving end for convenience of description.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a transmission method of compressed data, as shown in fig. 16, where the method is applied to a second apparatus, and includes:

s1601, acquiring a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol from a first device, wherein the DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and first data in the DMRS symbol are subjected to frequency division multiplexing, the data symbol comprises second data, and the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are positioned in different time domain resources;

S1602, obtaining a first EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio from the first device, wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient beta and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient beta, a coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

s1603, demodulating the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio;

It can be understood that the sequence of S1601 and S1602 is not limited in the present application, that is, S1602 and S1601 may be executed first, S1601 may be executed first and S1602 may be executed second, or S1602 and S1601 may be executed simultaneously.

In the embodiments of the present application described above, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described from the perspective of the first device and the second device, respectively. In order to implement the functions in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the terminal or the access network device, the server, the core network device, and the like may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and implement the functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether a function is implemented as a hardware structure, a software module, or both, depends upon the design constraints imposed on the particular application of the solution.

To this end, in a third aspect, the present application provides a possible configuration of a communication device, as shown in fig. 17. These communication devices may implement one or more of the corresponding functions in the method embodiments described above. For example, the functions implemented by the first communication device or the second communication device, etc., and thus it is possible to realize the advantageous effects possessed by the above-described method embodiments. In the embodiment of the application, the communication device may be a terminal or an access network device, or the communication device may be a module (such as a chip) applied in the terminal or the access network device.

As shown in fig. 17, the communication apparatus 1700 includes a processing unit 1710 and a transmitting-receiving unit 1720. The communication device 1700 is configured to perform the functions of the first device in the embodiment of the method of fig. 13 or the second device in fig. 16 described above. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 1720 may also be referred to as an output unit, an interface unit, or a communication unit, etc. In one possible implementation, transceiver unit 1720 includes at least one of a transmitting unit or a receiving unit. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit may be integrated together, or two separate units, etc.

When the communication device 1700 is used for the function of the first device in fig. 13, specifically:

a processing unit 1710 multiplies the first data by a coefficient beta when the DMRS sequence in the demodulation reference signal DMRS symbol is frequency division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, wherein the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value:

A transceiver unit 1720 configured to output a DMRS symbol and a data symbol to a second device, to indicate to the second device a first per-resource-element energy EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio, wherein the data symbol comprises second data, wherein the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources, wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β;

In one possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, the calculation formulas of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are indicated to the second device.

In one possible implementation, the calculation formulas of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically include:

the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio includes:

The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio includes:

In one possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient beta with the data coding modulation scheme MCS specifically comprises that the coefficient beta is correlated with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data.

In one possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient β with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data specifically includes that the coefficient β correlates with the code difference of the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference of the second data and the first data with the modulation order difference fixed.

In one possible implementation, the indicating of the first per resource unit energy EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second apparatus specifically comprises indicating by any one or more of downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, medium access control-control element MAC CE.

When the communication device 1700 is used for the function of the second device in fig. 16, specifically:

The transceiver unit 1720 obtains a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol from a first device, obtains a first EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio from the first device, wherein the DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and the first data in the DMRS symbol are frequency division multiplexed, the data symbol comprises second data, the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources, the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient beta, the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient beta, wherein the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

A processing unit 1710 demodulates the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio;

the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio includes:

the calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio includes:

In one possible implementation, the correlation of the coefficient p with the data coding modulation scheme MCS specifically comprises that the coefficient β is correlated with the modulation order difference of the second data and the first data.

In one possible implementation, the obtaining the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio from the first apparatus specifically includes obtaining by any one or more of downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, medium access control-control element MAC CE.

For a more detailed description of the processing unit 1710 and the transceiver unit 1720, reference may be made to the description in fig. 13 or fig. 16 in the above method embodiment, and a detailed description is omitted here.

It should be understood that the division of the units in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in practice. In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one physical device (for example, in a processor), or each functional unit may be a separate physical device, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit to be implemented, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware, or implemented in a form of a software functional module, or the like.

Fig. 18 shows another possible configuration of the communication device according to the present application. As shown in fig. 18, the communication device 1800 includes a processing circuit 1810 and an interface circuit 1820. The processing circuit 1810 and the interface circuit 1820 are coupled to each other. It is to be appreciated that the processing circuit 1810 can be a processor and the interface circuit 1820 can be a transceiver or an input-output interface.

Optionally, the communication device 1800 may also include a memory 1830 for storing instructions executed by the processing circuit 1810 or for storing input data required by the processing circuit 1810 to execute instructions or for storing data generated after the processing circuit 1810 executes instructions.

Alternatively, the memory (e.g., 1830) in embodiments of the application may be integrated in the processing circuit (e.g., 1810) or the memory (e.g., 1830) and processing circuit (e.g., 1810) may be provided separately.

When the communication device 1800 is used to implement the method shown in fig. 13 or fig. 16, the processing circuit 1810 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 1710, and the interface circuit 1820 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 1720.

When the communication device is a chip applied to the terminal, the chip realizes the functions of the terminal in the method embodiment. The chip receives information sent by the access network device to the terminal through other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal, or the chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal, wherein the information is sent by the terminal to the access network device.

When the communication device is a module applied to the access network equipment, the module realizes the function of the access network equipment in the embodiment of the method. The module receives information from other modules in the access network device, such as radio frequency modules or antennas, to which the terminal is transmitting, or transmits information to other modules in the access network device, such as radio frequency modules or antennas, to which the access network device is transmitting.

It is to be appreciated that the processor in embodiments of the application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DIGITAL SIGNAL processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (applicationspecific integrated circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (field programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, it may be any conventional processor.

The memory in embodiments of the present application may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

The method steps of the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions may be comprised of corresponding software modules that may be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, erasable programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable read only memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. The storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.

The embodiment of the application also provides a communication device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used for enabling the functions of the first device in fig. 13 and/or the second device in fig. 16 to be realized. For example a processor, for executing a computer program or instructions stored in a memory for storing the computer program or instructions which, when executed, cause a method of the first device in fig. 13 and/or the second device in fig. 16 to be performed. The processor is optionally coupled to the memory.

The embodiment of the application also provides a communication device, which comprises a processor, wherein the processor is used for enabling the functions of the first device in fig. 13 and/or the second device in fig. 16 to be realized.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, which may also be referred to as a computer program, computer program code, etc. The instructions are executable on a computer such that the functions of the first device of fig. 13 and/or the second device of fig. 16 are implemented in the above-described method embodiments.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions for performing the method of the first apparatus of fig. 13, or a computer program or instructions for performing the method of the second apparatus of fig. 16.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a chip comprising a processor coupled to a memory, the processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory such that the functions of the first device of fig. 13 and/or the second device of fig. 16 are implemented.

The embodiment of the application also provides a communication system which comprises the first communication device and the second communication device. The first communication means is for enabling the functions of the first means in fig. 13 and the second communication means is for enabling the functions of the second means in fig. 16.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable apparatus. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wired or wireless means. The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that integrates one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, an optical medium such as a digital video disk, or a semiconductor medium such as a solid state disk. The computer readable storage medium may be volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage medium.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association of associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., A and/or B, and that there may be A alone, while A and B are present, and B alone, where A, B may be singular or plural. In the text description of the present application, the character "/', generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an" or "relationship. "comprising at least one of A, B and C" may mean comprising A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, A, B and C.

It should be understood that the various numbers or written orders referred to in the embodiments of the application are merely for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the application. The size or the writing order of the sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by the functions and the internal logic thereof.

In various embodiments of the application, where no special description or logic conflict exists, terms and/or descriptions between the various embodiments are consistent and may reference each other, and features of the various embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logic.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that the method is used in a first device, comprising:

When the DMRS sequence in the demodulated reference signal DMRS symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, the first data is multiplied by a coefficient β; the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

The DMRS symbol and the data symbol are output to the second device; the data symbol includes second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time-domain resources.

Indicate a first energy per resource unit (EPRE) ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio to the second device; the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein indicating the first per-resource-unit energy EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio to the second device specifically includes: indicating via an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; wherein G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are indicated to the second device.

5. The method as described in claim 4, wherein the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically include:

The formula for calculating the first EPRE ratio includes:

The formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio includes:

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS).

7. The method as described in claim 6, wherein the coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS) specifically includes:

The β is related to the difference in modulation order between the second data and the first data.

8. The method as described in claim 7, wherein the correlation between the coefficient β and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically includes: when the modulation order difference is fixed, the coefficient β is correlated with the code rate difference between the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference between the second data and the first data.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein when the DMRS sequence is a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to the root index of the Zadoff-Chu sequence.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that instructing the second device of the first energy per resource unit (EPRE) ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio specifically includes:

Instructions are given via one or more of the following signaling: Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC), and Media Access Control - Control Element (MAC CE).

11. A method for adjusting a demodulation reference signal DMRS, characterized in that the method is used in a second device, comprising:

The first device acquires demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols and data symbols; wherein the DMRS symbols contain DMRS sequences and the DMRS symbols contain first data frequency division multiplexing; the data symbols include second data; the DMRS symbols and the data symbols are located in different time domain resources;

A first EPRE ratio and/or a second EPRE ratio are obtained from a first device; the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β; the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value;

Demodulate the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio;

Wherein, the first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

12. The method as described in claim 11, wherein obtaining the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio from the first device specifically includes: obtaining it through an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

13. The method according to any one of claims 11-12, wherein the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, GD; wherein G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, D represents the number of DMRSCDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is obtained from the first device, the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are obtained.

15. The method as described in claim 14, wherein the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically include:

The formula for calculating the first EPRE ratio includes:

The formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio includes:

16. The method according to any one of claims 11-15, wherein the coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS).

17. The method as described in claim 16, wherein the coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS) specifically includes:

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the correlation between the coefficient β and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically includes:

When the modulation order difference is fixed, the coefficient β is related to the code rate difference between the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference between the second data and the first data.

19. The method of any one of claims 11-15, wherein when the DMRS sequence is a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to the root index of the Zadoff-Chu sequence.

20. The method according to any one of claims 11-19, wherein obtaining the first EPRE ratio and/or the second EPRE ratio from the first device specifically includes: obtaining it through any one or more of the following signaling: Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC), and Media Access Control - Control Element (MAC CE).

21. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises:

A processor is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in memory.

The memory is used to store the computer program or the instructions;

When the computer program or the instructions and processor are executed, the method of any one of claims 1-10 is performed, and/or the method of any one of claims 11-20 is performed.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method of any one of claims 1-10 to be performed, and/or the method of any one of claims 11-20 to be performed.

23. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises a computer program or instructions for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-10, and/or comprises a computer program or instructions for performing the method as described in any one of claims 11-20.