CN121358998A

CN121358998A - Novel breech locking mechanism for firearm

Info

Publication number: CN121358998A
Application number: CN202380099361.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: O·Z·戈克塞尔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-06-12
Filing date: 2023-11-10
Publication date: 2026-01-16
Also published as: TR2023006833A2; WO2024258375A1; IL325193A

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel breech locking mechanism for firearms, which is mounted to a frame (21) and which allows shortening the distance between the axis of the barrel (2) and the contact point of the grip (10). The carriage (7)/breech (16) is locked with the barrel (2) at firing. The carriage (7)/breech (16) and barrel (2) are pushed back together by inertia a certain distance. The mechanism disengages after a certain stroke. The breech block (6) and the short travel main spring (1) are located within the frame (21) of the firearm to allow for a reduced distance between the axis of the barrel (2) and the contact point of the grip (10).

Description

Novel breech locking mechanism for firearm

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a breech locking mechanism for a firearm that allows to lock a carriage/breech block with a barrel upon firing. The carriage/breech block is pushed a distance together with the barrel by inertia. The mechanism disengages after a certain stroke.

Prior Art

All weapons capable of propelling a bullet by the propelling force of a pyrotechnic gas are known as firearms. Generally, the term firearm means any small caliber weapon carried by a person. However, firearms include a variety of weapons of any size, ranging from heavy-duty cannons to rifles and pistols.

The principle of firing a projectile from a firearm is that when the propellant in the bullet housing is ignited, the propellant burns rapidly in a very short time. This creates an expanding high pressure gas pocket that pushes the projectile (bullet) out of the chamber and down the barrel of the firearm. If the high pressure gas is not confined to certain parts of the weapon, it may damage the firearm or injure the shooter.

Recoil is described by newton's third law of motion, which states that there is an equal and opposite reaction force for any force. When a person fires a pistol or rifle, such forces are felt in the hand or shoulder. It takes the form of a rapid thrust away from the path the bullet is flying and directly against the shooter's hand or shoulder.

In the prior art, there are some methods of slowing breech opening and managing recoil.

The "breech lock" barrel confines high pressure gas to the barrel to allow the gas to expand and cool without risk of damaging the weapon or shooter. The breech lock is the design of the breech-loading firearm's bolt mechanism and is one way to slow down the breech opening of an automatic loading firearm at the time of firing. The power source for this movement is recoil.

On the other hand, muzzle roll (or muzzle lift) refers to the tendency of the muzzle (the front end of the barrel) of a firearm to rise upward as the bullet leaves the barrel after firing. It is primarily affected by recoil squat energy, which is the rearward energy that is generated when a child is launched. Its variation is mainly dependent on firearm design, cushioning system, carriage/breech block mass and travel distance, bullet weight, muzzle initial velocity, combined recoil of multiple shots fired in rapid succession, etc.

As the projectile leaves the muzzle of the barrel, a muzzle flip occurs and the resulting release of energy causes the barrel to move. Typically, the flip is upward and slightly toward the weaker grip side due to the manner in which the firearm is held by the person. One way to reduce muzzle tipping may be to reduce the distance between the point of contact of the barrel axis with the grip.

The term "frame" refers to a portion of a pistol or a variation thereof that provides a housing or structure for the components. The frame is the lower/main body of the pistol or firearm.

The numbered patent application describes a similar mechanism.

Patent application No. WO2019/029851A1 describes a breech block system for a firearm. A movably arranged breech block and a barrel, wherein a control block and a locking block are movably arranged. Wherein the locking block is interlockingly engaged with the barrel, the breech block and the control block in a first position of the breech block system such that the positions of the barrel and the breech block relative to each other are fixed. And in a second position of the breech block system is only interlockingly engaged with the barrel and the control block, so that in this position the breech block is movable relative to the barrel. In this design, the control block is located below the barrel's chamber, which does not help reduce the distance between the barrel axis and the point of contact of the grip. On the other hand, the locking block and locking block extension (for securing the breech block) are tiny and may be disadvantageous.

Another patent application numbered US5347912 describes a mechanism for decelerating the recoil of the moving parts of the firearm, which is characterized in that between the carriage and the barrel, a rod hinged to the housing is actuated, whereby the rod has a front-facing stop which only contacts the surface of the carriage during part of the travel of the recoil of said carriage, whereby the recoil rotates the rod until it is no longer in contact with the surface, whereby the rod also has an end-facing stop which contacts the surface of the barrel, so that during such rotational movement the barrel follows the recoil of the carriage, but at a lower speed relative to the rod. This design has some common understanding of the invention but is different. It is located below the barrel's bore and therefore does not help reduce the distance between the point of contact of the barrel axis with the grip.

Another patent application numbered US7827720 describes a standard bronning swing barrel lock in which at the moment of firing, the barrel and bolt remain locked to one another, sit back a short distance, and then swing vertically away from one another via a cam element. This design is very different from the present invention.

Another patent application numbered US2007/0256344 describes a pistol comprising a grip, a barrel carriage movable in a firing direction on the former, and a barrel capable of interlocking with the barrel carriage. This design has some common understanding of the invention but is different. This design is located below the barrel's chamber and therefore does not help reduce the distance between the point of contact of the barrel axis with the grip.

Another patent application No. US2011/0088304 describes a pistol with two carriages. A rear carriage that moves rearward when the projectile is launched, and a front carriage that moves forward when the projectile is launched. This design differs from the present invention.

Other patent applications numbered US2010/148236 and US2013/0139677 describe a firearm with reduced recoil, including a front carriage connected to a rear carriage by a carriage link. This design differs from the present invention.

Another patent application numbered US2017356705 describes a recoil reversing assembly designed with a reversing structure comprising a reversing lever and a fulcrum, wherein the reversing lever is connected at one end of the reversing lever to one or more transfer arms connected to a striker by a first lever pivot pin, and wherein the opposite end of the reversing lever is connected to one or more transfer arms connected to a carriage by a second lever pivot pin, the carriage being adapted to slide along a recoil guide rod and compress a recoil spring such that recoil from a projectile is transferred through the recoil reversing assembly to the recoil spring positioned at an acute angle to the barrel, thereby reversing recoil. This design differs from the present invention.

Another patent application numbered US830511 describes an automatic gun in which the barrel connected to the barrel extension is guided in the front wall of the gun housing and by two guides and stop angles and at the rear by a projection arranged on the barrel extension and engaging with a corresponding guide strip of the housing. The forward movement of the barrel after recoil is effected by a spring. The striker is arranged in the bore of the breech block and is influenced by the spring. On the shaft, two cockers-a firing cocker and an automatic cocker-are rotatably mounted, the former being actuated by a trigger. The sear holds the firing pin, which is cocked before the return motion of the breech block begins, and remains in place until the breech is again held. This design has some common terminology with the present invention but differs from the present invention.

Other patent applications numbered RU2015147269, RU2015147270 and RU2015147271 describe a locking mechanism, RU2015147271 comprising a gate frame, a bolt with a double-armed pivot arm mounted thereon and a stop, the working surface of the locking end of a double-armed lever interacting with the cylindrical stop being formed in the body of the cylindrical axis of the double arm and being part of a concave cylindrical surface. This design differs from the present invention.

Object of the Invention

The object of the present invention is a new breech-lock mechanism allowing to shorten the distance between the barrel axis and the contact point of the grip.

Another object of the invention is a novel lockout breech mechanism that allows the barrel and carriage/breech block to be locked together upon firing. The barrel and carriage/breech block are urged together by inertia a distance that helps reduce maximum recoil. The mechanism disengages after a certain stroke.

Another object of the invention is a new lockout breech mechanism wherein the movement of all locked out parts is initially tensioned by a short stroke main spring.

It is another object of the present invention to counteract the carriage stopping force at substantially the same axis of contact point of the grip to further reduce muzzle roll.

Another object of the invention is a new carriage design that allows shortening the distance between the barrel axis and the point of contact of the grip.

Another object of the invention is a new lockout breech mechanism that allows the inner carriage to function inside the firearm such that the stationary cover is attached to the top of the firearm, which facilitates attachment of the aiming device and other accessories to the stationary cover.

Drawings

Fig. 1.A is a view of the breech block. A locked position and a disengaged position.

Fig. 1.B is a view of an alternative breech block. A locked position and a disengaged position.

Fig. 2 is a view of the barrel.

Fig. 3 is a view of a carriage having a cross section.

Fig. 4 is a view of a carriage with a partial cross section.

Fig. 5 is a view of a pistol with a novel breech block.

Fig. 6 is a view of a pistol with a breech block and an inner slide.

Fig. 7 is a view of the inner carriage.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Main spring

2. Gun barrel

3. Barrel extension

4. Gun tube pin

5. Barrel guide

6. Breech locking block

6.1. Locking block

6.2. Block connector

6.3. Block connecting pin

6.4. Block spring

7. Sliding frame

8. Restoring spring

9. Guide rod of return spring

10. Handle for holding

11. Magazine

12. Trigger

13. Trigger guard ring

14. Magazine releasing device

15. Transmitting assembly

16. Breech of breech

17. Front sight

18. Rear sight

19. Pull handle

20. Inner carriage

21. Frame

22. Barrel locking surface

23. Carriage locking surface

24. Recess (es)

25. Complex spring shell

Detailed Description

The invention is a novel lock breech mechanism which allows the barrel (2) and carriage (7)/breech (16) to be locked together by a locking block (6.1) at firing. When all the locked parts move backwards, the locking block (6.1) moves backwards and downwards and is thus pulled between the locked parts. The breech block (6) is mounted to a frame (21), the frame (21) being the lower body/part of the firearm. More precisely, all breech block (6) parts are mounted in a frame (21) located in front of the trigger guard (13) and below the barrel (2), allowing shortening of the distance between the axis of the barrel (2) and the contact point of the grip (10).

The locking of the breech is provided by a barrel locking surface (22) and a sledge locking surface (23), the barrel locking surface (22) being the area on the barrel (2) almost perpendicular to the barrel axis and thus perpendicular to the direction of inertia, the sledge locking surface (23) being the area on the sledge (7) also almost perpendicular to the sledge axis and thus perpendicular to the direction of inertia, the barrel locking surface (22) and the sledge locking surface (23) being locked by a locking block (6.1).

The breech block (6) parts comprise a locking block (6.1), a block connector (6.2), a block connector pin (6.3) and a block spring (6.4). The breech block (6) may comprise one or more of the components listed above.

According to a preferred application of the invention, there is another design with the same principle, with fewer breech block (6) parts, which allows the barrel (2) and carriage (7)/breech (16) to lock with the lock block (6.1) upon firing. The barrel (2) and the carriage (7)/breech (16) are pushed back by inertia. This movement pushes the locking block (6.1) backwards and downwards and is thus pulled between the locked parts. The breech block (6) is mounted to the frame (21) to allow shortening of the distance between the axis of the barrel (2) and the contact point of the grip (10).

According to other preferred applications of the invention, the novel breech block mechanism is also applicable to fixed barrel firearms with/without a main spring (1), if the size of the inertia permits. The carriage (7)/breech (16) is locked with the locking block (6.1) during firing. The carriage (7)/breech (16) is pushed back a distance by inertia. This movement pushes the locking block (6.1) backwards and downwards and thus to allow the carriage (7)/breech (16) to disengage. The breech block (6) is mounted to the frame (21) to allow shortening of the distance between the axis of the barrel (2) and the contact point of the grip (10).

Under the effect of inertia, all the locked components, namely the carriage (7)/breech (16), barrel (2) and locking block (6.1), move backwards together, wherein the movement is initially tensioned by a main spring (1) connected to the barrel (2).

The breech block (6) is designed such that the carriage (7)/breech (16), the barrel (2) and the locking block (6.1) are held together at a distance. At the same time, the movement of the locking block (6.1) and the block connector (6.2) provides that the locking block (6.1) is pulled smoothly between the carriage locking surface (23) and the barrel locking surface (22).

And the carriage (7)/breech block (16) is pushed a distance together with the barrel (2) by inertia. The combined weight of the carriage (7)/breech block (6) and barrel (2) helps to reduce recoil. When the locking block (6.1) is disengaged from the carriage (7) and the barrel (2), the mechanism is disengaged after a certain stroke.

When the carriage (7) and the barrel (2) are disengaged, the carriage (7) continues to move backwards, tensioned by the return spring (8), and the barrel (2) movement continues to be tensioned by the main spring (1).

A novel sledge (7) design is proposed, comprising a sledge locking surface (23) and a recess (24). The carriage (7) is connected to the frame (21) by means of guide rails, allowing the carriage (7) to move on the frame (21) and around the barrel (2).

When the firearm components are assembled, the barrel locking surface (22) is higher than the carriage locking surface (23). Due to the height difference between the carriage locking surface (23) and the barrel locking surface (22), the carriage locking surface (23) passes under the barrel locking surface (22).

The recess (24) on the carriage (7) is at the same height as the barrel locking surface (22). When the carriage (7) moves backwards under the barrel (2), the backward movement of the carriage (7) is stopped by a recess (24) on the carriage (7) and a barrel locking surface (22).

The barrel is connected to the frame (21) of the firearm by means of a barrel pin (4). The barrel extension (3) has a barrel pin (4) housing that is horizontally open to allow the barrel (2) to be moved back and forth. The movement of the barrel (2) is limited in two directions by a barrel pin (4). When the barrel (2) moves backwards, it moves against the tension of the main spring (1).

The main spring (1) is tensioned against the carriage (7) until the carriage (7) is disengaged from the barrel (2). The tension of the remaining main spring (1) is reserved for the carriage (7) to stop. At the end of travel of the carriage (7), when the notch (24) on the carriage (7) hits the barrel locking surface (22), the carriage (7) stopping force is counteracted by the residual tension on the return spring (8) and the main spring (1), which contributes to a softer stopping of the carriage (7).

The return spring (8) reciprocates the carriage (7) forward while the carriage (7) holds the breech block (6) on the underside and out of engagement until the end of the carriage (7) stroke.

The carriage (7) moves forward through the recoil spring (8) until the breech (16) is blocked by the barrel (2), and the barrel (2) moves forward through the main spring (1) until the barrel pin prevents (4) the barrel (2) from moving, and both the carriage (7) and the barrel (2) are locked by the locking block (6.1). And prepares for the next cycle.

As shown in fig. 1.A, the breech block (6) operates according to the principles described above. The breech block (6) comprises a locking block (6.1), a block connector (6.2), a block pin (6.3) and a block spring (6.4). The breech block (6) keeps the carriage (7)/breech (16) locked with the barrel (2) during firing. The carriage (7)/breech (16) and the barrel (2) are pushed together by inertia for a certain distance. When all the locked parts move backwards, the locking block (6.1) moves backwards and downwards and is thus pulled between the locked parts. When the locking block (6.1) is disengaged from the carriage (7) and the barrel (2), the breech block (6) is disengaged after a certain stroke. The height of the locking block (6.1) differs between the barrel (2) side and the carriage (7) side. This height difference is required to lock the carriage locking surface (23) with the barrel locking surface (22). Thus, when the breech block (6) is disengaged, the carriage locking surface (23) moves under the barrel locking surface (22).

As shown in fig. 1.B, an optional breech block (6) is shown. It functions on the same principle as described above but with fewer components. The barrel (2) and the carriage (7)/breech (16) are locked together with the locking block (6.1) at the time of firing. The carriage (7)/breech (16) and barrel (2) are pushed back together by inertia a certain distance. When all the locked parts move backwards, the locking block (6.1) moves backwards and downwards and is thus pulled between the locked parts.

As shown in fig. 2, the barrel extension (3) has a horizontally open barrel pin (4) housing that is connected to the barrel pin (4) to allow the barrel (2) to be moved back and forth. The position of the barrel extension (3) is for illustration purposes only and may be located somewhere else in the barrel (2). Also shown is a barrel guide (5), the barrel guide (5) being a rail attached to the barrel (2). The barrel guide (5) may be connected to the frame (21) or the carriage (7) or both. The position of the barrel guide (5) is for illustration purposes only and may be located somewhere else in the barrel (2). The barrel guide (5) and barrel extension (3) maintain the same axis of the barrel (2) as the barrel (2) moves back and forth, helping in the accuracy of the firearm.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the carriage (7) comprises a breech (16), a firing assembly (15), a front sight (17) and a rear sight (18). The barrel locking surface (22) is higher than the carriage locking surface (23). Thus, when the breech block (6) is disengaged, the carriage locking surface (23) moves under the barrel locking surface (22). The recess (24) on the carriage (7) is at the same level as the barrel locking surface (22), which prevents the carriage (7) from moving backwards. The frame (21) and the carriage (7) have guide rails connected to each other to allow the carriage (7) to move on the frame (21) and around the barrel (2). The carriage (7) accommodates a return spring housing (25).

As shown in fig. 5, the pistol with the novel breech block comprises a main spring (1), a barrel (2), a barrel extension (3), a barrel pin (4), a barrel guide (5), a breech block (6), a carriage (7), a recoil spring (8), a recoil spring guide rod (9), a grip (10), a magazine (11), a trigger (12), a trigger retainer (13), a magazine release (14), a firing assembly (15), a breech (16), a front sight (17), a rear sight (18), and a frame (21).

As shown in fig. 6, the pistol has a novel breech block (6) and an inner slide (20). A stationary cover attached to the top of the firearm. And a pull handle (19) is added to pull the inner slide (20) back to load the firearm or empty the cartridge chamber if loaded.

As shown in fig. 7, a new inner sledge (20) design is proposed. According to most current sledge designs, the breech (16) is located around the middle of the sledge. But according to the new inner sledge (20) design, the breech (16) is located at the end of the sledge. This has certain advantages for designing a stationary cover that attaches to the top of the firearm. The frame (21) and the inner carriage (20) have guide rails allowing the inner carriage (20) to move around the barrel (2) within the firearm. The height of the carriage locking surface (23) of the inner slide (20) is lower than the height of the barrel locking surface (22) when the firearm components are assembled, so that the inner slide (20) can move under the barrel (2) when the breech block (6) is disengaged. But the height of the recess (24) in the inner carriage (20) is the same as the height of the barrel locking surface (22) which prevents the inner carriage (20) from moving rearward. The breech (16) is located at the end of the inner carriage (20), wherein the frame (21) and the inner carriage (20) have guide rails allowing the inner carriage (20) to move around the barrel (2) within the firearm.

According to a preferred application of the invention, the return spring (8) and the return spring rod (9) are located on the underside of the barrel (2).

According to other preferred applications of the invention, the return spring (8) and the return spring rod (9) are located on the upper side of the barrel (2).

Claims

1. It is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms that allows the slide (7)/breech (16) to lock together with the barrel (2) during firing and uses inertia to push the slide (7) and breech (16) a certain distance; characterized in that it comprises: all breech-locking block (6) components are mounted in a frame (21) located in front of the trigger guard (13) and below the barrel (2), the breech-locking block (6) including a locking block (6.1) that moves rearward and downward and is pulled between the locked components.

2. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that it comprises: a breech block (6) including a locking block (6.1), a block connector (6.2), a block pin (6.3) and a block spring (6.4), wherein the rearward movement can pull the locking block (6.1) between the slide (7) and the barrel (2).

3. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: the height of the locking block (6.1) is different on the barrel (2) side and the slide (7) side.

4. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: the movement of all locked parts is initially tensioned by a short-stroke main spring (1).

5. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that it comprises: a breech-locking block (6) and a main spring (1) located within the frame (21).

6. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that it comprises:

• A barrel extension (3) having a horizontally open barrel pin (4) housing to allow the barrel (2) to move back and forth; and

• Barrel guide (5), which is a guide rail attached to the barrel (2) and connected to the frame (21) or the carriage (7) or both.

7. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: the rearward movement of the barrel (2) is tensioned by a main spring (1), said main spring (1) being a spring separate from the recoil spring (8).

8. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that the rearward movement of the combined weight body comprising a slide (7)/breech (16), a barrel (2) and a locking block (6.1) is initially tensioned by a main spring (1) at the horizontal height of the contact point of the grip (10).

9. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms; characterized in that it comprises: a frame (21) and a slide (7) having rails connected to each other to allow the slide (7) to move on the frame (21) and around the barrel (2), and includes a barrel locking surface (22), a notch (24) and/or a recoil spring housing (25).

10. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: the slide (7) is tensioned by a recoil spring (8), and the barrel (2) is continued to be tensioned by a main spring (1) when disengaged.

11. According to claim 2, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: the breech-locking block (6) may include one or more of a locking block (6.1), a block connector (6.2), a block pin (6.3), or a block spring (6.4).

12. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that the locking block (6.1) locks the slide (7)/breech (16) upon firing.

13. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for firearms, characterized in that: when the notch (24) on the slide (7) strikes the barrel locking surface (22), the recoil spring (8) and the main spring (1) counteract the stopping force of the slide (7) at the end of the slide's travel.

14. According to claim 1, it is a breech-locking mechanism for a firearm, characterized in that it comprises: a breech (16) located at the end of the inner slide (20), wherein the frame (21) and the inner slide (20) have guide rails to allow the inner slide (20) to move around the barrel (2) within the firearm.