CN1204813C - Atoxic bacteriostat capable of forming special topological structure on plant leaf surface - Google Patents
Atoxic bacteriostat capable of forming special topological structure on plant leaf surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN1204813C CN1204813C CN 01109424 CN01109424A CN1204813C CN 1204813 C CN1204813 C CN 1204813C CN 01109424 CN01109424 CN 01109424 CN 01109424 A CN01109424 A CN 01109424A CN 1204813 C CN1204813 C CN 1204813C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an atoxic bacteriostat which is capable of forming a special topological structure on a plant leaf surface. The present invention is characterized in that anhydrous alcohol, tetraethyl orthosilicate and ammonia water are mixed and then heated to the temperature of 15 to 50 DEG C, a part of tetraethyl orthosilicate is added and diluted by water so as to remove alcohol, and finally, 0.005 % of tween-20 water solution is added for dilution to obtain the water-soluble silicon oxide nanometer bacteriostat which has the SiO2 concentration of 89 to 178 and the size of 20 to 200 nm. The bacteriostat of the present invention can be used for controlling fungal diseases without pollution to natural environment or toxic hazard to non-target organisms; the environment-friendly bacteriostat having wide development prospect has the significant application value in vegetables, fruit trees and wheat, and is the direct application of nanometer materials to agriculture.
Description
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, or rather, is a kind of water miscible nanostructured silica bacteriostatic agent.
Many fungal diseases such as powdery mildew of wheat and barley (Blumeria graminis), rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea), the powdery mildew of cucumber that cereal anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola) and other greenhouse vegetable fungal disease such as monofilament shell bacterium (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) cause, the Cruciferae root rot that whole level pythium spp (Pythium ultimum) causes, the tomato pythium rot that melon and fruit pythium spp (Pythium aphanidermatum) causes, gray mold of cucumber and Kidney bean gray mold that ash staphylococcus spore (Botrytis cinera) causes, the climing rot of cucumber that the bryonia Asia causes every spore shell bacterium (Didvmella bryoniae), the grape powdery mildew that denticulate ixeris herb powdery mildew that powdery mildew (Erysiphecichoracearum) causes and grape snag shell bacterium (Uncinula necato) cause, having become in recent years influences the disease that China staple crops produce, as wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici), when being very popular in China in 1990 and 1991, area took place all above 0.12 hundred million hectare in 2 years, 3,200,000,000 kilograms of year loss wheats.
Disease-resistant variety and two kinds of measures of bactericide are mainly adopted in the control of disease.In recent years, the kind of disease-resistant gene has been lost disease resistance, produce the kind that goes up popularization at present and mostly be susceptible variety greatly, therefore in the control of disease, organic medicament (as triazolone) has been prevented and treated into a kind of very important means, but a large amount of resistant strains in chemical control, occurred, and its frequency there is tangible rising in some areas; Organic in addition medicament is big to non-target organism toxicity, and some are difficult for the agricultural chemicals of degraded or have metabolite to accumulate in environment or animal and plant body.
When a fungal pathogens after the leaves of plants table lands, the biggest obstacle that it faced is how to enter leaf texture.The bacterial infection plant is by pore, the wound of blade surface or other natural passage, and fungi then is to tear leaf cuticle directly to enter in the plant corpus.For the part fungal species, on infection court, can see the activity of enzyme significantly, show that leaf cuticle is dissolved before susceptible.During many narrow spectrum fungal infection host plants, has accurate and unique topology surface identification.For example, bar rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) adheres to the accurate location of spore around pore, shows that fungi can discern the small change in topology of leaf table, thereby whether decision infects host (H.C.Hoch etc., Science235,1659,1987).Wheat class powdery mildew and rice blast etc. are the highly single-minded interactional biotroph of host/pathogen (Biotrophic) fungies.Fungal spore at first contacts with the host surface during pathogen infection plant, and Supramolecular Recognition reaction (T.L.W.Carver etc., Mycol.Res.103,547,1999) took place in 20 seconds.Spore sticks on hydrophobic host's leaf surface fast and enduringly, can discern the signal from host's blade after showing not the spore sprouted and blade initially contacting immediately, makes fast reaction simultaneously.Simultaneously, before spore germination, discharge outside a large amount of born of the same parents material (ECM) and be bonded on hydrophobic host's leaf surface (J.E.Hamer etc., Science 239,288,1988) tightly.It is the first step of spore/polynary collaborative adhesion process in host interface that spore adheres to, the later stage of sporoducts grows, nascent germ tube/host surface contact and adhere to time length and the relevant (K.A.Nielsen etc. of interface hydrophobicity (hydrophobicity) between the spore differentiation, Physiological and MolecularPhant Pathology 56,63,2000), Bechinger etc. has measured bread crop anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola) and infects nail and put on the sizableness of BLADE FORCE in 30～40 times of automotive tire pressure.Therefore adhere to spore and must be bonded at leaf surface tightly, will lift and come off Science 285,1896,1999 such as () C.Bechinger from blade because if adhesion, adheres to spore less than invasiveness.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Atoxic bacteriostat that suppresses fungal disease.
The present invention suppresses the principle of fungal disease: utilize inorganic nano silicon oxide particle modified plant leaf surface, change leaves of plants original topological structure in surface and hydrophobic property, form special amphiphilic surface, influence the release of fungi extracellular matrix, the first step reaction of the narrow spectrum Supramolecular Recognition process of height on blocking-up fungal spore and host surface, change early stage infection processs, thereby reach the purpose that suppresses the target fungal disease.
Main technical schemes of the present invention: the nontoxic silicon oxide nanoparticle that Synthetic 2 0-200nm can disperse in water, further use chemical method such as surfactant modified, thereby obtain the nontoxic silicon oxide nanoparticle of different size, different surface configurations, it is evenly dispersed in the aqueous solution of 0.005% Tween-20.
The preparation method of bacteriostatic agent of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) with absolute ethyl alcohol, ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), H
2The ammoniacal liquor of O and 25～28% (weight), with 50～100: 1.0～3.0: 1～3: the amount of 1～2 volume ratio adds in the container, fully mixes;
(2) with 15-50 ℃ of the mixture of step (1) heating, slowly stir 2-4 hour after, add the TEOS of the isodose that step (1) adds, continue reaction after 2-4 hour, dilute with 5～10 times water;
(3) ethanol is removed in decompression distillation then, and with the high purity water dialysis till the pH=7;
(4) solution of step (3) gained is used the aqueous solution of 25-50 0.005% Tween-20 doubly of solution weight dilute, promptly got SiO behind the mixing
2Concentration is the water soluble oxidized silicon nano of 20～200nm of 89～178ppm.
Raw material of the present invention all is commercially available prod.
The SiO of product of the present invention
2The assay method of particle diameter: solution is dripped on the copper mesh, and dry back is observed under transmission electron microscope.
Bacteriostatic agent of the present invention can be applicable to various greenhouses and field crop, using method: morning or dusk spray when calm, should guarantee not water in 12 hours amount of application 80-100ml/m
2
Advantage of the present invention and effect: the mechanism of action of bacteriostatic agent of the present invention is different from other organic chemistry preparations, it is modified blade surface by water base property silicon oxide nanoparticle, see topological structure thereby changed the hydrophobicity of leaf surface and be situated between, and then influence the release of the outer material of fungal spore born of the same parents and early stage adhesive attraction and the sporoducts and the formation of adhering to spore of germ spore.The present invention can not cause murder by poisoning to non-target organism, can not bring pollution to natural environment, particularly has important use and be worth on vegetables, fruit tree and wheat.In sum, the present invention is the direct application of nano structural material on agricultural because silicon oxide nanoparticle because of its safety, cheap, pollution-free, is a kind of environmental type bacteriostatic agent with DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.The present invention is the partial content of state key basic research development and planning project (G1999011707).
Further specify characteristics of the present invention below by instantiation:
Example 1
With absolute ethyl alcohol 50ml, ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) 1.0ml, H
2O 1ml, NH
3H
2O (28wt%) 2ml fully mixes; After mixture slowly stirred 3 hours with 18 ℃ of water-baths, add 1mlTEOS, continue reaction after 3 hours, the gained sample adds the high purity water of 100ml, and ethanol is removed in decompression distillation then, and with the high purity water dialysis till the pH=7; With 25 times of the aqueous solution of 0.005% Tween-20 dilutions, promptly getting concentration behind the mixing is the bacteriostatic agent of the water-soluble 100nm silicon oxide nanoparticle of 178ppm with gained solution.
Example 2
With absolute ethyl alcohol 50ml, ethyl orthosilicate 3.0ml, H
2O 1ml, NH
3H
2O (25wt%) 2ml fully mixes; With mixture with 40 ℃ of water-bath heating, slowly stir 3h after, add 3.0ml TEOS, continue reaction after 3 hours, the gained sample adds the high purity water of 100ml, ethanol is removed in decompression distillation then, and with the high purity water dialysis till the pH=7; Gained solution with 50 times of the aqueous solution of 0.005% Tween-20 dilutions, is promptly got SiO behind the mixing
2Concentration is the bacteriostatic agent of the water miscible 60nm silicon oxide nanoparticle of 89ppm.
Example 3
Product control wheat powdery mildew with example 1.
With the medicine for preparing with 80ml/m
2Consumption spray, be contrast with the aqueous solution of 0.005% Tween-20.By contact angle instrument measure 17 ° 6 of the contact angle of the leaf surface of modifying in the Si source ', and the contact angle in wheat leaf front be 147 ° 37 ', measure temperature: 22 ℃, drop size: 0.87ul.Measure in indoor inhibitory action to wheat powdery mildew, the result shows that suppressing effect is 75%, and with the not effect of tool inhibition powdery mildew of the 0.005% Tween-20 aqueous solution.The product of case study 1 influences early stage adhesion and the sporoducts and the formation of adhering to spore of spore at the hydrophilic simulation leaf surface of modifying simultaneously.The wheat powdery mildew spore is suspended in the 10mM phosphate buffer, regulates PH6.5, get the phosphate buffer 100 μ l that contain spore and drip to the Teflon-PFA film of 2 * 2cm and clean cover glass, at room temperature cultivate.Utilize phase-contrast light microscope (* 200) to observe spore germination.The spore that forms sporoducts is 5% of contrast.
Example 4
Product with example 2 is prevented and treated powdery mildew of cucumber.
With the medicine for preparing with 100ml/m
2Consumption spray, be contrast with the aqueous solution of 0.005% Tween-20.The contact angle of measuring the leaf surface of modifying in the Si source by contact angle instrument be 10 ° 12 ', and the contact angle in cucumber leaf front be 130 ° 30 ', measure temperature: 22 ℃, drop size: 0.87ul.Measure in indoor inhibitory action to powdery mildew of cucumber, the result shows that suppressing effect is 85%.Utilize the adhesion strength of airflow chamber (flow chamber) research spore at the leaf surface of the product modification of example 2.To approximately contain 5 * 10
5The 1ml phosphate buffer of individual spore is suspended in the distilled water of sterilization again, solution is dripped on blade or the Teflon-PFA film be placed in the air chamber, different air velocities (flow rate) back is set finds that 80% spore can not stick to leaf surface.Observing spore by cryotronics flying-spot microscope (SEM) technology does the material time spent born of the same parents outside (ECM) release at the leaf surface of modifying with the product of example 2 and is blocked.Employed airflow chamber research method is seen " Hamer etc., Science, 239,288,1988 ".
Claims (1)
1. the Atoxic bacteriostat that can form special topological structure at plant leaf surface is characterized in that it being to be made by following method
(1) with absolute ethyl alcohol, ethyl orthosilicate, H
2O and 25～28% ammoniacal liquor, with 50～100: 1.0～3.0: 1～3: the amount of 1～2 volume ratio joins in the container, fully mixes, and described ammonia concn is a concentration expressed in percentage by weight,
(2) mixture with step (1) is heated to 15-50 ℃, slowly stir 2～4 hours after, add the ethyl orthosilicate of the isodose that step (1) adds, continue reaction after 2～4 hours, dilute with 5～10 times water,
(3) ethanol is removed in decompression distillation then, and with the high purity water dialysis till the pH=7,
(4) solution of step (3) gained is used the aqueous solution of 25-50 0.005% Tween-20 doubly of solution weight dilute, promptly obtained SiO behind the mixing
2Concentration is the Atoxic bacteriostat of the water soluble oxidized silicon nano that disperses in water of the 60-100nm of 89-178ppm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01109424 CN1204813C (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2001-03-09 | Atoxic bacteriostat capable of forming special topological structure on plant leaf surface |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 01109424 CN1204813C (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2001-03-09 | Atoxic bacteriostat capable of forming special topological structure on plant leaf surface |
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| CN1319338A CN1319338A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
| CN1204813C true CN1204813C (en) | 2005-06-08 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007060320A1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Stiftung Nano Innovations, Olten | Protective layer for plants and trees, their production and use |
| US11283754B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2022-03-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Unique identities of endpoints across layer 3 networks |
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